The Experts below are selected from a list of 3144 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Alexei Izyumov - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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from the plan to the market and back the organisational transformation of the russian Defence Industry
Europe-Asia Studies, 2018Co-Authors: Leonid Kosals, Alexei Izyumov, Bruce KemelgorAbstract:AbstractThe article examines the organisational transformation of the Russian Defence Industry during the period of privatisation and radical market reforms. The study is based on the results of an original large-scale longitudinal survey of the directors (CEOs) of the Industry. We find that over a decade of transition, 1996–2006, Russian Defence Industry managers were able largely to preserve the production potential of their enterprises and make them capable of operating under market conditions. Coupled with the restoration of government orders and the 2020 rearmament programme, these newly acquired market skills have contributed to the impressive revival of the Russian Defence Industry in the Putin era.
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From the Plan to the Market and Back—The Organisational Transformation of the Russian Defence Industry
Europe-Asia Studies, 2018Co-Authors: Leonid Kosals, Alexei Izyumov, Bruce KemelgorAbstract:AbstractThe article examines the organisational transformation of the Russian Defence Industry during the period of privatisation and radical market reforms. The study is based on the results of an original large-scale longitudinal survey of the directors (CEOs) of the Industry. We find that over a decade of transition, 1996–2006, Russian Defence Industry managers were able largely to preserve the production potential of their enterprises and make them capable of operating under market conditions. Coupled with the restoration of government orders and the 2020 rearmament programme, these newly acquired market skills have contributed to the impressive revival of the Russian Defence Industry in the Putin era.
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Market reforms and regional differentiation of Russian Defence Industry enterprises
Europe-Asia Studies, 2002Co-Authors: Alexei Izyumov, Leonid Kosals, Rosalina Ryvkina, Yurii SemaginAbstract:IN THE COURSE OF THE 1990S the Russian Defence Industry was hit by the triple shock of severe budget cuts, radical market reforms and the breakdown of traditional economic ties with partners in the other former Soviet republics. While the shock of transition has taken its toll, by the second part of the decade the Defence Industry was engaged in the process of adaptation to the market and 'bottom-up' restructuring. At the same time, the change in the macroeconomic situation brought about by the financial crisis of 1998 has helped to reverse the decline of the Russian Defence Industry. The deep devaluation of the ruble increased the competitiveness of Russian military exports along with the civilian products of the Defence Industry sold on the domestic market and created conditions for its possible revival. The major change in the international situation brought about by the terrorist attacks in the US and the war in Afghanistan in 2001-02 has given an additional impetus to the development of the Russian Defence Industry. In view of the current situation, it is reasonable to expect that in the near future the Industry will be receiving more attention and support from the Russian government than at any time in the past decade. This article analyses new developments in the transformation of the Russian Defence industrial complex and focuses on the differences in results of Defence enterprises' adjustment to the market across Russian regions. In conducting this analysis our main goal was to answer the following questions: (1) to what extent have Russian Defence enterprises benefited from the general economic recovery in Russia since the 1998 financial crisis? (2) what are the main differences in the economic and social situation of Defence enterprises based in different regions? and (3) what explains the better economic performance of Defence enterprises in 'the centre', defined here as the city of Moscow, the Moscow region and the city of St Petersburg, than in the provinces? Regional differences in the performance of Defence enterprises were one of the traditionally under-researched areas of studies of the Soviet and later Russian military-industrial complex.' Prior to the break-up of the USSR the main obstacle to such investigations was secrecy. Later, with partial privatisation of the Defence sector
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Market reforms and regional differentiation of Russian Defence Industry enterprises
Europe - Asia Studies, 2002Co-Authors: Alexei Izyumov, Leonid Kosals, Rosalina Ryvkina, Yurii SemaginAbstract:IN THE COURSE OF THE 1990S the Russian Defence Industry was hit by the triple shock of severe budget cuts, radical market reforms and the breakdown of traditional economic ties with partners in the other former Soviet republics. While the shock of transition has taken its toll, by the second part of the decade the Defence Industry was engaged in the process of adaptation to the market and 'bottom-up' restructuring. At the same time, the change in the macroeconomic situation brought about by the financial crisis of 1998 has helped to reverse the decline of the Russian Defence Industry. The deep devaluation of the ruble increased the competitiveness of Russian military exports along with the civilian products of the Defence Industry sold on the domestic market and created conditions for its possible revival.
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privatisation of the russian Defence Industry ownership and control issues
Post-communist Economies, 2000Co-Authors: Alexei Izyumov, Leonid Kosals, Rosalina RyvkinaAbstract:This article analyses the outcome of privatisation in the Russian Defence Industry in the second part of the 1990s. It is based on the results of the longitudinal survey of Defence enterprises conducted over the period 1995-99 in the main Defence production regions of Russia: Moscow, St Petersburg, Central European region, Western Siberia, Volga region, the Urals and the Far East. Using the survey data, we investigate the distribution of ownership in Defence enterprises and examine the non-linear relationship between ownership and control inside these enterprises. We also test the hypothesis of the growing criminal influence in Defence enterprises and outline a possible future scenario for privatisation in the Defence Industry.
Antonio Sanchezandres - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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arms exports and restructuring in the russian Defence Industry
Europe-Asia Studies, 2004Co-Authors: Antonio SanchezandresAbstract:THE Defence Industry HAS BEEN one of the industries most seriously affected by the Russian economic crisis since 1992. The main restructuring policy applied in the Industry during the first years of transition was conversion, that is, trying to re-use military resources for productive civil ends. By the mid-1990s, however, such a policy was already considered a failure, and since 1997 the Ministry of Economy has taken over the running of the Defence Industry and changed the direction of reform. In the summer of 1999 the responsibility for the running of the Defence Industry was transferred to five independent agencies, and this remains the situation. From 1997 the aim was still to restructure the Defence Industry, but by using arms production itself as a fundamental reference point. As in any country which is a massive arms producer, in Russia the existence of the Defence Industry is essentially conditioned by the supply of arms for internal use to cover the country's security needs. This is why any role arms exports could play, compared with the restructuring of the Defence Industry, has traditionally been overlooked. Specifically, when Defence exports have been analysed, they have either been considered as a commercial flow or as a matter of international security, owing to the destination to which the arms have been sent. Scant attention has been paid, however, to the aspect of arms production itself as a factor which stimulates the Defence Industry's economic activity. This last point of view is more relevant as we consider the drop in production suffered by the Russian Defence Industry and, specifically, the fall in the domestic demand for weapons. The aim of this article is to analyse the role of arms exports in the restructuring of the Russian Defence Industry. In particular, it tries to show, on one hand, whether there has been a policy related to arms exports that helped the restructuring of the Defence Industry and, on the other, whether arms exports have had or are having any impact on its restructuring. In the following section the methodology used for the analysis will be established and then the main results related to weapons exports will be set out, in overall terms, client-by-client and product-by-product. Next, the impact the export policy has had on the Defence Industry will be explained, and finally, conclusions will be drawn as to the restrictions imposed by the exporting of weapons on the future design of the Russian Defence Industry and, therefore, on the arms production necessary to satisfy internal demands.
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restructuring the Defence Industry and arms production in russia
Europe-Asia Studies, 2000Co-Authors: Antonio SanchezandresAbstract:AT THE BEGINNING OF 1997, after five years of failed reforms in the Defence Industry, there took place a substantial change in the administrative structure running this sector. The Ministry of Economic Affairs took over the restructuring of the Defence Industry and thereby defined a new way of tackling reforms in this industrial sector. Three elements stand out in the new approach: intersectorality, a predominance of civilian elements and a greater realism. This approach, therefore, represents a break with the idea in force up to that moment of the best way to tackle problems related to the Defence Industry, which was greatly conditioned by its Soviet heritage. Although two years later this new way of approaching the restructuring of the Defence Industry has come under question, it can be claimed that some of the changes introduced will condition the future industrial policy implemented in this sector. This article aims to do two things: firstly, to highlight whether relevant decisions have been made in the restructuring of this sector during the time it has been under the control of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and secondly, to point out the restructuring tendencies once the main objective of this Industry, specifically the supply of weapons, had been achieved. This article will concentrate only on those aspects related to domestic weapons demand, this being the element that gives meaning to the Defence Industry in itself. In the first place, the situation inherited by the Ministry of Economic Affairs will be set out, as will, in connection with this, the aims of the restructuring programme. In the second place, the changes which took place in the sector as a whole will be examined, focusing on considerations of its size as well as on reforms introduced in the methods of internal reorganisation. Thirdly, some limits which are relevant to the industrial policy adopted will be pointed out. The analysis of these issues will be carried out in the light of the de facto priorities of weapons production, in such a way that it will end by underlining the relationship between the model of the future Russian Defence Industry and the production of weapons necessary to meet the domestic requirements.
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privatisation decentralisation and production adjustment in the russian Defence Industry
Europe-Asia Studies, 1998Co-Authors: Antonio SanchezandresAbstract:PRIVATISATION IN THE Defence Industry was until 1993 characterised by two features. Firstly, it affected a small number of organisations considered not too important within the sector. Nevertheless, one must point out that, at the end of 1992, some outstanding companies from the Defence sector started to be privatised, which marked the first extension of the phenomenon to this sector of the economy. Secondly, the privatisation in this early period lacked organisation and control. Legislation was passed in 1993 with the aim of establishing some order in the privatisation process in the Defence Industry. From that time (until 1996) the idea was to foster a broad privatisation process with a view to resolving the production problems suffered by the Industry, at the same time facilitating reorganisation within Defence companies, which would contribute to an increase in the volume of civilian production. This article deals with the second phase of privatisation in the Defence Industry (from 1993).1 This period is characterised by a strong desire to push through broad privatisation in the sector. In particular, the article analyses the impact of privatisation and one of its major effects, decentralisation, on the adjustment of production in Defence companies. First, we shall explain the dimensions of privatisation in this field and its impact on the transformation of production. Second, the main features of the decentralisation will be described, and in particular the creation of small companies within the Defence sector. We shall examine the relationship between privatisation and decentralisation and analyse the impact of the creation of this new type of business on the adjustment process in the Defence Industry.
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the transformation of the russian Defence Industry
Europe-Asia Studies, 1995Co-Authors: Antonio SanchezandresAbstract:TRADITIONALLY, THE Defence Industry constituted the most powerful industrial lobby in the USSR, with an administrative structure at all the organisational levels where its interests could be affected. With a hierarchical and pyramidal structure, the different entities of the sector remained isolated from strictly civilian bodies. The strategic part it played within the organisation of the Soviet Union enabled the Defence Industry to manage a growing and important volume of resources; on the one hand, it had a special supply system which guaranteed regular high-quality provision of the most advanced technology in the country, as well as highly qualified human resources. On the other hand, the sector imposed the production of armaments upon the rest of society as a social necessity justified by the importance of national security. The disintegration of the Soviet Union changed the situation dramatically. Initially, the new reforms were not considered to affect the Defence Industry but today's reality proves the opposite, and during the three years of transition towards a market economy the face of the Defence Industry has substantially changed. This article offers a review of the most outstanding events which have taken place in the Russian Defence Industry during the first years of the transition, with the objective of determining its likely future. The changes can be analysed from different points of view, but two major perspectives clearly stand out: organisational and production changes. As to organisational changes, we focus on the new structures (privatisation, centralisation and decentralisation processes), which are closely related to the current reforms. Regarding the production changes, we shall show the deep shifts in the composition and levels of activity of the Industry, concentrating on the conversion process and amplifying this with a description of recent trends in both military and civil production.
Leonid Kosals - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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from the plan to the market and back the organisational transformation of the russian Defence Industry
Europe-Asia Studies, 2018Co-Authors: Leonid Kosals, Alexei Izyumov, Bruce KemelgorAbstract:AbstractThe article examines the organisational transformation of the Russian Defence Industry during the period of privatisation and radical market reforms. The study is based on the results of an original large-scale longitudinal survey of the directors (CEOs) of the Industry. We find that over a decade of transition, 1996–2006, Russian Defence Industry managers were able largely to preserve the production potential of their enterprises and make them capable of operating under market conditions. Coupled with the restoration of government orders and the 2020 rearmament programme, these newly acquired market skills have contributed to the impressive revival of the Russian Defence Industry in the Putin era.
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From the Plan to the Market and Back—The Organisational Transformation of the Russian Defence Industry
Europe-Asia Studies, 2018Co-Authors: Leonid Kosals, Alexei Izyumov, Bruce KemelgorAbstract:AbstractThe article examines the organisational transformation of the Russian Defence Industry during the period of privatisation and radical market reforms. The study is based on the results of an original large-scale longitudinal survey of the directors (CEOs) of the Industry. We find that over a decade of transition, 1996–2006, Russian Defence Industry managers were able largely to preserve the production potential of their enterprises and make them capable of operating under market conditions. Coupled with the restoration of government orders and the 2020 rearmament programme, these newly acquired market skills have contributed to the impressive revival of the Russian Defence Industry in the Putin era.
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Market reforms and regional differentiation of Russian Defence Industry enterprises
Europe-Asia Studies, 2002Co-Authors: Alexei Izyumov, Leonid Kosals, Rosalina Ryvkina, Yurii SemaginAbstract:IN THE COURSE OF THE 1990S the Russian Defence Industry was hit by the triple shock of severe budget cuts, radical market reforms and the breakdown of traditional economic ties with partners in the other former Soviet republics. While the shock of transition has taken its toll, by the second part of the decade the Defence Industry was engaged in the process of adaptation to the market and 'bottom-up' restructuring. At the same time, the change in the macroeconomic situation brought about by the financial crisis of 1998 has helped to reverse the decline of the Russian Defence Industry. The deep devaluation of the ruble increased the competitiveness of Russian military exports along with the civilian products of the Defence Industry sold on the domestic market and created conditions for its possible revival. The major change in the international situation brought about by the terrorist attacks in the US and the war in Afghanistan in 2001-02 has given an additional impetus to the development of the Russian Defence Industry. In view of the current situation, it is reasonable to expect that in the near future the Industry will be receiving more attention and support from the Russian government than at any time in the past decade. This article analyses new developments in the transformation of the Russian Defence industrial complex and focuses on the differences in results of Defence enterprises' adjustment to the market across Russian regions. In conducting this analysis our main goal was to answer the following questions: (1) to what extent have Russian Defence enterprises benefited from the general economic recovery in Russia since the 1998 financial crisis? (2) what are the main differences in the economic and social situation of Defence enterprises based in different regions? and (3) what explains the better economic performance of Defence enterprises in 'the centre', defined here as the city of Moscow, the Moscow region and the city of St Petersburg, than in the provinces? Regional differences in the performance of Defence enterprises were one of the traditionally under-researched areas of studies of the Soviet and later Russian military-industrial complex.' Prior to the break-up of the USSR the main obstacle to such investigations was secrecy. Later, with partial privatisation of the Defence sector
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Market reforms and regional differentiation of Russian Defence Industry enterprises
Europe - Asia Studies, 2002Co-Authors: Alexei Izyumov, Leonid Kosals, Rosalina Ryvkina, Yurii SemaginAbstract:IN THE COURSE OF THE 1990S the Russian Defence Industry was hit by the triple shock of severe budget cuts, radical market reforms and the breakdown of traditional economic ties with partners in the other former Soviet republics. While the shock of transition has taken its toll, by the second part of the decade the Defence Industry was engaged in the process of adaptation to the market and 'bottom-up' restructuring. At the same time, the change in the macroeconomic situation brought about by the financial crisis of 1998 has helped to reverse the decline of the Russian Defence Industry. The deep devaluation of the ruble increased the competitiveness of Russian military exports along with the civilian products of the Defence Industry sold on the domestic market and created conditions for its possible revival.
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privatisation of the russian Defence Industry ownership and control issues
Post-communist Economies, 2000Co-Authors: Alexei Izyumov, Leonid Kosals, Rosalina RyvkinaAbstract:This article analyses the outcome of privatisation in the Russian Defence Industry in the second part of the 1990s. It is based on the results of the longitudinal survey of Defence enterprises conducted over the period 1995-99 in the main Defence production regions of Russia: Moscow, St Petersburg, Central European region, Western Siberia, Volga region, the Urals and the Far East. Using the survey data, we investigate the distribution of ownership in Defence enterprises and examine the non-linear relationship between ownership and control inside these enterprises. We also test the hypothesis of the growing criminal influence in Defence enterprises and outline a possible future scenario for privatisation in the Defence Industry.
Rosalina Ryvkina - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Market reforms and regional differentiation of Russian Defence Industry enterprises
Europe-Asia Studies, 2002Co-Authors: Alexei Izyumov, Leonid Kosals, Rosalina Ryvkina, Yurii SemaginAbstract:IN THE COURSE OF THE 1990S the Russian Defence Industry was hit by the triple shock of severe budget cuts, radical market reforms and the breakdown of traditional economic ties with partners in the other former Soviet republics. While the shock of transition has taken its toll, by the second part of the decade the Defence Industry was engaged in the process of adaptation to the market and 'bottom-up' restructuring. At the same time, the change in the macroeconomic situation brought about by the financial crisis of 1998 has helped to reverse the decline of the Russian Defence Industry. The deep devaluation of the ruble increased the competitiveness of Russian military exports along with the civilian products of the Defence Industry sold on the domestic market and created conditions for its possible revival. The major change in the international situation brought about by the terrorist attacks in the US and the war in Afghanistan in 2001-02 has given an additional impetus to the development of the Russian Defence Industry. In view of the current situation, it is reasonable to expect that in the near future the Industry will be receiving more attention and support from the Russian government than at any time in the past decade. This article analyses new developments in the transformation of the Russian Defence industrial complex and focuses on the differences in results of Defence enterprises' adjustment to the market across Russian regions. In conducting this analysis our main goal was to answer the following questions: (1) to what extent have Russian Defence enterprises benefited from the general economic recovery in Russia since the 1998 financial crisis? (2) what are the main differences in the economic and social situation of Defence enterprises based in different regions? and (3) what explains the better economic performance of Defence enterprises in 'the centre', defined here as the city of Moscow, the Moscow region and the city of St Petersburg, than in the provinces? Regional differences in the performance of Defence enterprises were one of the traditionally under-researched areas of studies of the Soviet and later Russian military-industrial complex.' Prior to the break-up of the USSR the main obstacle to such investigations was secrecy. Later, with partial privatisation of the Defence sector
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Market reforms and regional differentiation of Russian Defence Industry enterprises
Europe - Asia Studies, 2002Co-Authors: Alexei Izyumov, Leonid Kosals, Rosalina Ryvkina, Yurii SemaginAbstract:IN THE COURSE OF THE 1990S the Russian Defence Industry was hit by the triple shock of severe budget cuts, radical market reforms and the breakdown of traditional economic ties with partners in the other former Soviet republics. While the shock of transition has taken its toll, by the second part of the decade the Defence Industry was engaged in the process of adaptation to the market and 'bottom-up' restructuring. At the same time, the change in the macroeconomic situation brought about by the financial crisis of 1998 has helped to reverse the decline of the Russian Defence Industry. The deep devaluation of the ruble increased the competitiveness of Russian military exports along with the civilian products of the Defence Industry sold on the domestic market and created conditions for its possible revival.
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privatisation of the russian Defence Industry ownership and control issues
Post-communist Economies, 2000Co-Authors: Alexei Izyumov, Leonid Kosals, Rosalina RyvkinaAbstract:This article analyses the outcome of privatisation in the Russian Defence Industry in the second part of the 1990s. It is based on the results of the longitudinal survey of Defence enterprises conducted over the period 1995-99 in the main Defence production regions of Russia: Moscow, St Petersburg, Central European region, Western Siberia, Volga region, the Urals and the Far East. Using the survey data, we investigate the distribution of ownership in Defence enterprises and examine the non-linear relationship between ownership and control inside these enterprises. We also test the hypothesis of the growing criminal influence in Defence enterprises and outline a possible future scenario for privatisation in the Defence Industry.
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Defence Industry transformation in russia evidence from a longitudinal survey
Post-communist Economies, 2000Co-Authors: Alexei Izyumov, Leonid Kosals, Rosalina RyvkinaAbstract:The article is devoted to the new phenomena in the market transformation of the Russian Defence-industrial complex. Based on the data generated by the repeated survey of the CEOs (general directors) of Defence enterprises in 1995-99, it examines economic performance of enterprises, their conflicts with the government and efforts at internal restructuring brought about by reductions of Russia's Defence spending, mass privatisation and opening up of the domestic market. We found that despite the dramatic reduction in Defence orders, inconsistent government policies and extremely unfavourable macroeconomic environment, the Russian Defence Industry has made significant progress in its adjustment to the market. Even before the devaluation of the ruble in the autumn of 1998 economic performance of Defence enterprises had been gradually improving; it entered a virtual boom since then. Contrary to widely held views, the painful experience of the 1990s has not made the top managers of the Defence Industry more hostile to reforms: at the end of the decade they were generally more supportive of the market than in 1995.
Yurii Semagin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Market reforms and regional differentiation of Russian Defence Industry enterprises
Europe-Asia Studies, 2002Co-Authors: Alexei Izyumov, Leonid Kosals, Rosalina Ryvkina, Yurii SemaginAbstract:IN THE COURSE OF THE 1990S the Russian Defence Industry was hit by the triple shock of severe budget cuts, radical market reforms and the breakdown of traditional economic ties with partners in the other former Soviet republics. While the shock of transition has taken its toll, by the second part of the decade the Defence Industry was engaged in the process of adaptation to the market and 'bottom-up' restructuring. At the same time, the change in the macroeconomic situation brought about by the financial crisis of 1998 has helped to reverse the decline of the Russian Defence Industry. The deep devaluation of the ruble increased the competitiveness of Russian military exports along with the civilian products of the Defence Industry sold on the domestic market and created conditions for its possible revival. The major change in the international situation brought about by the terrorist attacks in the US and the war in Afghanistan in 2001-02 has given an additional impetus to the development of the Russian Defence Industry. In view of the current situation, it is reasonable to expect that in the near future the Industry will be receiving more attention and support from the Russian government than at any time in the past decade. This article analyses new developments in the transformation of the Russian Defence industrial complex and focuses on the differences in results of Defence enterprises' adjustment to the market across Russian regions. In conducting this analysis our main goal was to answer the following questions: (1) to what extent have Russian Defence enterprises benefited from the general economic recovery in Russia since the 1998 financial crisis? (2) what are the main differences in the economic and social situation of Defence enterprises based in different regions? and (3) what explains the better economic performance of Defence enterprises in 'the centre', defined here as the city of Moscow, the Moscow region and the city of St Petersburg, than in the provinces? Regional differences in the performance of Defence enterprises were one of the traditionally under-researched areas of studies of the Soviet and later Russian military-industrial complex.' Prior to the break-up of the USSR the main obstacle to such investigations was secrecy. Later, with partial privatisation of the Defence sector
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Market reforms and regional differentiation of Russian Defence Industry enterprises
Europe - Asia Studies, 2002Co-Authors: Alexei Izyumov, Leonid Kosals, Rosalina Ryvkina, Yurii SemaginAbstract:IN THE COURSE OF THE 1990S the Russian Defence Industry was hit by the triple shock of severe budget cuts, radical market reforms and the breakdown of traditional economic ties with partners in the other former Soviet republics. While the shock of transition has taken its toll, by the second part of the decade the Defence Industry was engaged in the process of adaptation to the market and 'bottom-up' restructuring. At the same time, the change in the macroeconomic situation brought about by the financial crisis of 1998 has helped to reverse the decline of the Russian Defence Industry. The deep devaluation of the ruble increased the competitiveness of Russian military exports along with the civilian products of the Defence Industry sold on the domestic market and created conditions for its possible revival.
