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Yae Zhao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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rapd scar marker and genetic relationship analysis of three Demodex species acari demodicidae
Parasitology Research, 2012Co-Authors: Yae ZhaoAbstract:For a long time, classification of Demodex mites has been mainly based on their hosts and phenotype characteristics. The study was the first to conduct molecular identification and genetic relationship analysis for six isolates of three Demodex species by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) marker. Totally, 239 DNA fragments were amplified from six Demodex isolates with 10 random primers in RAPD, of which 165 were polymorphic. Using a single primer, at least five fragments and at most 40 in the six isolates were amplified, whereas within a single isolate, a range of 35–49 fragments were amplified. DNA fingerprints of primers CZ 1–9 revealed intra- and interspecies difference in six Demodex isolates, whereas primer CZ 10 only revealed interspecies difference. The genetic distance and dendrogram showed the intraspecific genetic distances were closer than the interspecific genetic distances. The interspecific genetic distances of Demodex folliculorum and Demodex canis (0.7931–0.8140) were shorter than that of Demodex brevis and D. canis (0.8182–0.8987). The RAPD–SCAR marker displayed primer CZ 10 could be applied to identify the three Demodex species. The 479-bp fragment was specific for D. brevis, and the 261-bp fragment was specific for D. canis. The conclusion was that the RAPD–SCAR multi-marker was effective in molecular identification of three Demodex species. The genetic relationship between D. folliculorum and D. canis was nearer than that between D. folliculorum and D. brevis.
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Phylogenetic relationships in Demodex mites (Acari: Demodicidae) based on mitochondrial 16S rDNA partial sequences
Parasitology Research, 2012Co-Authors: Yae ZhaoAbstract:To confirm phylogenetic relationships in Demodex mites based on mitochondrial 16S rDNA partial sequences, mtDNA 16S partial sequences of ten isolates of three Demodex species from China were amplified, recombined, and sequenced and then analyzed with two Demodex folliculorum isolates from Spain. Lastly, genetic distance was computed, and phylogenetic tree was reconstructed. MEGA 4.0 analysis showed high sequence identity among 16S rDNA partial sequences of three Demodex species, which were 95.85 % in D. folliculorum, 98.53 % in Demodex canis, and 99.71 % in Demodex brevis. The divergence, genetic distance, and transition/transversions of the three Demodex species reached interspecies level, whereas there was no significant difference of the divergence (1.1 %), genetic distance (0.011), and transition/transversions (3/1) of the two geographic D. folliculorum isolates (Spain and China). Phylogenetic trees reveal that the three Demodex species formed three separate branches of one clade, where D. folliculorum and D. canis gathered first, and then gathered with D. brevis. The two Spain and five China D. folliculorum isolates did not form sister clades. In conclusion, 16S mtDNA are suitable for phylogenetic relationship analysis in low taxa (genus or species), but not for intraspecies determination of Demodex. The differentiation among the three Demodex species has reached interspecies level.
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Complete sequence analysis of 18S rDNA based on genomic DNA extraction from individual Demodex mites (Acari: Demodicidae).
Experimental Parasitology, 2012Co-Authors: Yae Zhao, Zheng-hang WangAbstract:The study for the first time attempted to accomplish 18S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) complete sequence amplification and analysis for three Demodex species (Demodex folliculorum, Demodex brevis and Demodex canis) based on gDNA extraction from individual mites. The mites were treated by DNA Release Additive and Hot Start II DNA Polymerase so as to promote mite disruption and increase PCR specificity. Determination of D. folliculorum gDNA showed that the gDNA yield reached the highest at 1 mite, tending to descend with the increase of mite number. The individual mite gDNA was successfully used for 18S rDNA fragment (about 900 bp) amplification examination. The alignments of 18S rDNA complete sequences of individual mite samples and those of pooled mite samples ( ≥ 1000mites/sample) showed over 97% identities for each species, indicating that the gDNA extracted from a single individual mite was as satisfactory as that from pooled mites for PCR amplification. Further pairwise sequence analyses showed that average divergence, genetic distance, transition/transversion or phylogenetic tree could not effectively identify the three Demodex species, largely due to the differentiation in the D. canis isolates. It can be concluded that the individual Demodex mite gDNA can satisfy the molecular study of Demodex. 18S rDNA complete sequence is suitable for interfamily identification in Cheyletoidea, but whether it is suitable for intrafamily identification cannot be confirmed until the ascertainment of the types of Demodex mites parasitizing in dogs.
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sociodemographic characteristics and risk factor analysis of Demodex infestation acari demodicidae
Journal of Zhejiang University-science B, 2011Co-Authors: Yae Zhao, Na Guo, Meng Xun, Mei Wang, Duolao WangAbstract:To identify sociodemographic characteristics and risk factor of Demodex infestation, 756 students aged 13-22 years in Xi'an, China were sampled for the school-based cross-sectional study. Demodex was examined using the cellophane tape method (CTP). The results showed that the total detection rate of Demodex was 67.6%. Logistic regression analysis revealed that five variables (gender, residence, sharing sanitary ware, frequency of face-wash per day, and use of facial cleanser) were found to be uncorrelated with Demodex infestation, whereas three variables (age, skin type, and skin disease) were found to be independent correlates. Students aged over 18 years had 22.1 times higher odds of Demodex infestation compared to those under 16 years and students aged 16-18 years also had 2.1 times higher odds compared to those aged 13-15 years. Odds of having a Demodex infestation for oily or mixed skin were 2.1 times those for dry or neutral skin. Students with a facial skin disease had 3.0 times higher odds of being infested with Demodex compared to those without. The inception rate of students with facial dermatoses increased in parallel with increasing mite count. The inception rates were 21.3%, 40.7%, 59.2%, and 67.7% in the negative, mild, moderate, and severe infestation groups, respectively (χ(2)=60.6, P<0.001). Specifically, the amount of infested mites and inception rate of acne vulgaris were positively correlated (R(2)=0.57, moderate infestation odds ratio (OR)=7.1, severe infestation OR=10.3). It was concluded that Demodex prevalence increases with age, and Demodex presents in nearly all adult human. Sebaceous hyperplasia with oily or mixed skin seems to favour Demodex proliferation. Demodex infestation could be associated with acne vulgaris. The CTP is a good sampling method for studies of Demodex prevalence.
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facial dermatosis associated with Demodex a case control study
Journal of Zhejiang University-science B, 2011Co-Authors: Yae Zhao, Mei Wang, Yan Peng, Xianglan Wang, Huling Yan, Shengxiang XiaoAbstract:Demodex has been considered to be related with multiple skin disorders, but controversy persists. In this case-control study, a survey was conducted with 860 dermatosis patients aged 12 to 84 years in Xi’an, China to identify the association between facial dermatosis and Demodex. Amongst the patients, 539 suffered from facial dermatosis and 321 suffered from non-facial dermatosis. Demodex mites were sampled and examined using the skin pressurization method. Multivariate regression analysis was applied to analyze the association between facial dermatosis and Demodex infestation, and to identify the risk factors of Demodex infestation. The results showed that total detection rate of Demodex was 43.0%. Patients aged above 30 years had higher odds of Demodex infestation than those under 30 years. Compared to patients with neutral skin, patients with mixed, oily, or dry skin were more likely to be infested with Demodex (odds ratios (ORs) were 2.5, 2.4, and 1.6, respectively). Moreover, Demodex infestation was found to be statistically associated with rosacea (OR=8.1), steroid-induced dermatitis (OR=2.7), seborrheic dermatitis (OR=2.2), and primary irritation dermatitis (OR=2.1). In particular, ORs calculated from the severe infestation (≥5 mites/cm2) rate were significantly higher than those of the total rate. Therefore, we concluded that Demodex is associated with rosacea, steroid-induced dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis, and primary irritation dermatitis. The rate of severe infestation is found to be more correlated with various dermatosis than the total infestation rate. The risk factors of Demodex infestation, age, and skin types were identified. Our study also suggested that good hygiene practice might reduce the chances of demodicosis and Demodex infestation.
Fabienne Forton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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two consecutive standardized skin surface biopsies an improved sampling method to evaluate Demodex density as a diagnostic tool for rosacea and demodicosis
Acta Dermato-venereologica, 2017Co-Authors: Fabienne Forton, Viviane De MaertelaerAbstract:Diagnosing papulopustular rosacea is not always straightforward; no specific diagnostic test is currently available. A high density of Demodex mites is consistently observed in this condition. This retrospective study assesses an improved method for evaluating Demodex density among 1,044 patients presenting to our dermatology practice. The skin was cleaned with ether and Demodex densities were measured in 2 consecutive standardized skin surface biopsies taken from the same site. Mean densities in patients with rosacea and demodicosis were much higher than those in healthy controls and patients with other facial dermatoses. The optimal cut-off values for the 2 biopsies were combined and the resultant criterion (presence of a first biopsy density >5 Demodex/cm2 or a second biopsy density >10 Demodex/cm2) enabled confirmation of a diagnosis of rosacea or demodicosis with a sensitivity of 98.7% and specificity of 95.5%, making this a valuable diagnostic tool for dermatologists in routine clinical practice.
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density of Demodex folliculorum in rosacea a case control study using standardized skin surface biopsy
British Journal of Dermatology, 1993Co-Authors: Fabienne Forton, B SeysAbstract:A standardized skin-surface biopsy (1 cm2) of the cheek was performed in 49 patients with rosacea [13 with erythematotelangiectatic rosacea (ETR), three with squamous rosacea (SR), 33 with papulopustular rosacea (PPR)], and 45 controls. A mean density of 0.7 Demodex folliculorum/cm2 was found in controls, 98% of whom had less than five Demodex/cm2. When all clinical types of rosacea were considered collectively, the density of Demodex was significantly higher in patients with rosacea than in controls (mean = 10.8/cm2; P < 0.001). When the various clinical types of rosacea were considered separately, Demodex density was statistically significantly higher than in controls only in the PPR patients (mean = 12.8/cm2; P < 0.001). The same type of comparison was also made for three other groups of subjects-patients with isolated inflammatory papules (n = 4), rhinophyma (n = 3), and HIV infection (n = 21), respectively: in these groups, the Demodex density did not differ significantly from controls. The present study demonstrates a high density of D. folliculorum in PPR, and supports its pathogenic role in the papulopustular phase of rosacea. The study suggests that standardized surface biopsy could be a useful diagnostic tool for PPR, with a 98% specificity when Demodex density is higher than 5/cm2.
B Seys - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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density of Demodex folliculorum in rosacea a case control study using standardized skin surface biopsy
British Journal of Dermatology, 1993Co-Authors: Fabienne Forton, B SeysAbstract:A standardized skin-surface biopsy (1 cm2) of the cheek was performed in 49 patients with rosacea [13 with erythematotelangiectatic rosacea (ETR), three with squamous rosacea (SR), 33 with papulopustular rosacea (PPR)], and 45 controls. A mean density of 0.7 Demodex folliculorum/cm2 was found in controls, 98% of whom had less than five Demodex/cm2. When all clinical types of rosacea were considered collectively, the density of Demodex was significantly higher in patients with rosacea than in controls (mean = 10.8/cm2; P < 0.001). When the various clinical types of rosacea were considered separately, Demodex density was statistically significantly higher than in controls only in the PPR patients (mean = 12.8/cm2; P < 0.001). The same type of comparison was also made for three other groups of subjects-patients with isolated inflammatory papules (n = 4), rhinophyma (n = 3), and HIV infection (n = 21), respectively: in these groups, the Demodex density did not differ significantly from controls. The present study demonstrates a high density of D. folliculorum in PPR, and supports its pathogenic role in the papulopustular phase of rosacea. The study suggests that standardized surface biopsy could be a useful diagnostic tool for PPR, with a 98% specificity when Demodex density is higher than 5/cm2.
Scheffer C G Tseng - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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under the lash Demodex mites in human diseases
The biochemist, 2009Co-Authors: Noreen Lacey, Kevin Kavanagh, Scheffer C G TsengAbstract:Demodex mites, class Arachnida and subclass Acarina, are elongated mites with clear cephalothorax and abdomens, the former with four pairs of legs. There are more than 100 species of Demodex mite, many of which are obligatory commensals of the pilosebaceous unit of mammals including cats, dogs, sheep, cattle, pigs, goats, deer, bats, hamsters, rats and mice. Among them, Demodex canis, which is found ubiquitously in dogs, is the most documented and investigated. In excessive numbers D. canis causes the inflammatory disease termed demodicosis (demodectic mange, follicular mange or red mange), which is more common in purebred dogs and has a hereditary predisposition in breeding kennels1. Two distinct Demodex species have been confirmed as the most common ectoparasite in man. The larger Demodex folliculorum, about 0.3-0.4 mm long, is primarily found as a cluster in the hair follicle (Figure 1a), while the smaller Demodex brevis, about 0.2-0.3 mm long with a spindle shape and stubby legs, resides solitarily in the sebaceous gland (Figure 1b). These two species are also ubiquitously found in all human races without gender preference. The pathogenic role of Demodex mites in veterinary medicine is not as greatly disputed as in human diseases. In this article, we review the key literature and our joint research experience regarding the pathogenic potential of these two mites in causing inflammatory diseases of human skin and eye. We hope that the evidence summarized herein will invite readers to take a different look at the life of Demodex mites in several common human diseases.
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in vitro and in vivo killing of ocular Demodex by tea tree oil
British Journal of Ophthalmology, 2005Co-Authors: Yingying Gao, M A Di Pascuale, Alireza Baradaranrafii, Antonio Elizondo, C L Kuo, V K Raju, Scheffer C G TsengAbstract:Aims: To compare the in vitro killing effect of different agents on Demodex and to report the in vivo killing effect of tea tree oil (TTO) on ocular Demodex. Methods: Survival time of Demodex was measured under the microscope. Sampling and counting of Demodex was performed by a modified method. Results: Demodex folliculorum survived for more than 150 minutes in 10% povidone-iodine, 75% alcohol, 50% baby shampoo, and 4% pilocarpine. However, the survival time was significantly shortened to within 15 minutes in 100% alcohol, 100% TTO, 100% caraway oil, or 100% dill weed oil. TTO’s in vitro killing effect was dose dependent. Lid scrub with 50% TTO, but not with 50% baby shampoo, can further stimulate Demodex to move out to the skin. The Demodex count did not reach zero in any of the seven patients receiving daily lid scrub with baby shampoo for 40–350 days. In contrast, the Demodex count dropped to zero in seven of nine patients receiving TTO scrub in 4 weeks without recurrence. Conclusions: Demodex is resistant to a wide range of antiseptic solutions. Weekly lid scrub with 50% TTO and daily lid scrub with tea tree shampoo is effective in eradicating ocular Demodex.
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high prevalence of Demodex in eyelashes with cylindrical dandruff
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, 2005Co-Authors: Yingying Gao, Tetsuya Kawakita, Alireza Baradaranrafii, Antonio Elizondo, V K Raju, Mario A Di Pascuale, Daniel Tzongshyue Liu, Scheffer C G TsengAbstract:RESULTS. Demodex was found in all group A and B patients (n 32) with CD, which was significantly higher than the 22% of group C patients (n 23) without CD (P 0.001). The Demodex counts were 4.1 1.0 and 2.0 1.2 per epilated lash with retained CD, significantly higher than the 0.2 0.5 and 0.2 0.4 per lash without retained CD in groups A and B, respectively (each P 0.001) and than the 0.01 0.09 and 0.12 0.41 per lash in subgroups C1 and C2, respectively (each P 0.001). Demodex was still found in CD fragments left on the lid skin after epilation. Five Demodex brevis mites were found among the 422 Demodex specimens. CONCLUSIONS. The modified sampling and counting method showed that the prior controversy regarding Demodex has resulted from miscounting and confirmed that lashes with CD are pathognomonic for ocular Demodex infestation. Lid hygiene with shampoo reduces Demodex counts but does not eradicate the mites. (Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2005;46: 3089‐3094) DOI:10.1167/iovs.05-0275 T he Demodex mite (class Arachnid and order Acarina) is an elongated ectoparasite with an obvious head‐neck part and a body‐tail part, of which the former has four pairs of stumpy legs. Among a wide range of reported species, only two, Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis, are found on the human body surface. The adult D. folliculorum is 0.35 to 0.4 mm long and is commonly found in small hair follicles. D. brevis is 0.15 to 0.2 mm long and lives deep in the sebaceous glands. Both Demodex species often coexist in the same skin area and tend to gather in the face, cheeks, forehead, nose, and external ear tract, where active sebum excretion provide a favorable habitat for breeding. In the eye, D. folliculorum is found in the lash follicle, whereas D. brevis burrows deep into the lash’s sebaceous gland and the meibomian gland. 1 Several groups have concluded that Demodex infestation leads to blepharitis. 2‐9 However, the pathogenic potential of these mites remains unclear, because a low number of Demodex can be found in the skin and lashes of asymptomatic individuals. No research has convincingly demonstrated whether a minimal number of mites must be present to produce symptoms. The central requirements in addressing this question are accurate sampling and counting of mites on removed lashes. Cylindrical dandruff (CD) in eyelashes, a common finding in some patients with blepharitis, has been regarded as pathognomonic of Demodex infestation, 4,10,11 although controversial results have also been presented. 12 We speculated that such a controversy is generated in part by the method and accuracy of Demodex sampling and counting. As a first step toward understanding the pathogenic role of ocular Demodex infestation, we sought to determine whether the conventional method of counting Demodex carries the potential for error. Using a modified sampling and counting method, we report herein that eyelashes with CD indeed had significantly higher Demodex infestation. The pathogenic significance of our findings is further discussed.
Yücel Karakurt - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The prevalence and intensity of Demodex folliculorum and D. brevis (Acari: Demodicidae) in patients with ocular dandruff
2019Co-Authors: Yasin Sari, Erhan Zeytun, Salih Dogan, Yücel KarakurtAbstract:Demodex akarlar (Acari) Demodicidae familyasina mensup mikro eklembacakli mikroorganizmalardir. Insanlarda parazitlenen iki turu tanimlanmistir: Demodex folliculorum ve D. brevis . Gunumuzde goz hastaliklari uzmanlarinin da dikkatini ceken bu akarlarin olusturduklari silindirik, sporadik ve diffus dandruff gibi goz kapagi hastaliklarinin patogenezinde onemi oldugu dusunulmektedir. D. brevis ve D. folliculorum ’un ana besin kaynagi folikul ici epitel hucreleri ve sebumdur. Folikul ici epitel hucreleri delip sindirmek icin birtakim enzimlere ve delici agiz uzuvlarina sahiptirler. Akarlarin beslenmesine bagli olarak olusan folikul ici hucre atiklari zamanla folikul yuzeyine dogru itilir. Sonuc olarak, bu atiklar kirpiklerin tabaninda birikerek dandruff (kepek) olusturur. Okuler dandrufflu hastalarda Demodex spp. yayginligi ve yogunlugunu belirlemek amaci ile bu calisma yapildi. Tanisi goz hastaliklari polikliniginde konulan dandrufflu 186 hasta ve 183 saglikli kontrol calismaya dâhil edildi. Bu katilimcilarin kisisel bakim ve hijyen uygulamalari, demografik ozellikleri, cilt biyofiziksel parametreleri kayit altina alinip yuz bolgelerinden (kirpik, kas ve yanak) ornekler alindi. Calismada ornekleme yapilan yuz bolgelerinin tumu degerlendirildiginde silindirik dandrufflu hastalarin %90,9’unda (ortalama 38,39), kontrollerin %83,1’inde (ortalama 21,86) Demodex spp. pozitifligi tespit edildi. Katilimcilarin cilt biyofiziksel ozellikleri dikkate alindiginda, Demodex yogunlugunun ortalama nem ve sicaklik degeri dusuk, pH degeri yuksek olan hasta ve kontrollerde daha fazla oldugu tespit edildi. Demografik ozelliklerde ise yas artisi ile birlikte Demodex pozitifligi ve yogunlugunun arttigi belirlendi. Sonuc olarak hastalarda en yaygin okuler sikâyetlerin kasinti ve yabanci cisim oldugu belirlenmis olup okuler dandrufflu hastalarda Demodex spp.’nin cok yaygin ve yogun oldugu tespit edildi. Bu hastalarin klinik degerlendirme ve tedavisinde Demodex akarlarinda dikkate alinmasinin faydali olabilecegi dusunuldu. Anahtar Kelimeler: Akar, Demodex , folikul, kas, kepek, kirpik .
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okuler dandrufflu hastalarda Demodex folliculorum ve d brevis acari demodicidae yayginligi ve yogunlugu
Acarological Studies, 2019Co-Authors: Yasin Sari, Erhan Zeytun, Salih Dogan, Yücel KarakurtAbstract:Demodex akarlar (Acari) Demodicidae familyasina mensup mikro eklembacakli mikroorganizmalardir. Insanlarda parazitlenen iki turu tanimlanmistir: Demodex folliculorum ve D. brevis . Gunumuzde goz hastaliklari uzmanlarinin da dikkatini ceken bu akarlarin olusturduklari silindirik, sporadik ve diffus dandruff gibi goz kapagi hastaliklarinin patogenezinde onemi oldugu dusunulmektedir. D. brevis ve D. folliculorum ’un ana besin kaynagi folikul ici epitel hucreleri ve sebumdur. Folikul ici epitel hucreleri delip sindirmek icin birtakim enzimlere ve delici agiz uzuvlarina sahiptirler. Akarlarin beslenmesine bagli olarak olusan folikul ici hucre atiklari zamanla folikul yuzeyine dogru itilir. Sonuc olarak, bu atiklar kirpiklerin tabaninda birikerek dandruff (kepek) olusturur. Okuler dandrufflu hastalarda Demodex spp. yayginligi ve yogunlugunu belirlemek amaci ile bu calisma yapildi. Tanisi goz hastaliklari polikliniginde konulan dandrufflu 186 hasta ve 183 saglikli kontrol calismaya dâhil edildi. Bu katilimcilarin kisisel bakim ve hijyen uygulamalari, demografik ozellikleri, cilt biyofiziksel parametreleri kayit altina alinip yuz bolgelerinden (kirpik, kas ve yanak) ornekler alindi. Calismada ornekleme yapilan yuz bolgelerinin tumu degerlendirildiginde silindirik dandrufflu hastalarin %90,9’unda (ortalama 38,39), kontrollerin %83,1’inde (ortalama 21,86) Demodex spp. pozitifligi tespit edildi. Katilimcilarin cilt biyofiziksel ozellikleri dikkate alindiginda, Demodex yogunlugunun ortalama nem ve sicaklik degeri dusuk, pH degeri yuksek olan hasta ve kontrollerde daha fazla oldugu tespit edildi. Demografik ozelliklerde ise yas artisi ile birlikte Demodex pozitifligi ve yogunlugunun arttigi belirlendi. Sonuc olarak hastalarda en yaygin okuler sikâyetlerin kasinti ve yabanci cisim oldugu belirlenmis olup okuler dandrufflu hastalarda Demodex spp.’nin cok yaygin ve yogun oldugu tespit edildi. Bu hastalarin klinik degerlendirme ve tedavisinde Demodex akarlarinda dikkate alinmasinin faydali olabilecegi dusunuldu. Anahtar Kelimeler: Akar, Demodex , folikul, kas, kepek, kirpik .
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Prevalence and Load of Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis (Acari: Demodicidae) in Patients With Chronic Blepharitis in the Province of Erzincan, Turkey
Journal of medical entomology, 2018Co-Authors: Erhan Zeytun, Yücel KarakurtAbstract:Chronic blepharitis is an ocular disease frequently encountered by ophthalmologists. Demodex mites can play a role in the pathogenesis of blepharitis along with bacterial agents, especially in treatment-resistant cases or recurrent cases after treatment. This study was performed to determine the prevalence and load of Demodex folliculorum (Simon) and Demodex brevis Akbulutova in chronic blepharitis patients and to assess the relationship between the prevalence and load of Demodex species and ocular symptoms. The study included 365 patients diagnosed with chronic blepharitis in clinical examination, and 175 controls without any chronic or ocular disease. In the study, two eyelashes were sampled from the lower and upper lids of the right and left eyes (a total of eight samples) of the participants. Eyelash samples were examined under a light microscope, and Demodex species were identified and counted. Demodex were detected in 79.2% (95% CI: 75-83%) of patients and 31.4% (95% CI: 24-38%) of controls in this study. D. folliculorum alone (mean: 4.96; min: 1; max: 17; P 0.05), and in 27% both D. folliculorum and D. brevis (mean: 21.65; min: 2; max: 79; P < 0.001). In Demodex positive controls, only D. folliculorum (mean: 2.38; min: 1; max: 6) was detected while there was no D. brevis. Nevertheless, mean ocular symptom scores were significantly higher in Demodex positive patients than in Demodex negative patients (P < 0.001). Itching, foreign body sensation, and redness were the most common complaints in Demodex positive patients. As a result, Demodex mites were high in numbers in patients with chronic blepharitis in Erzincan. There was a positive correlation between Demodex mites and chronic blepharitis and ocular symptoms. It may be helpful to consider these findings in clinical assessment of blepharitis patients.
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Evaluation of the Efficacy of Tea Tree Oil On the Density of Demodex Mites (Acari: Demodicidae) and Ocular Symptoms In Patients With Demodectic Blepharitis.
The Journal of parasitology, 2018Co-Authors: Yücel Karakurt, Erhan ZeytunAbstract:Abstract The objective of this study was to examine the efficacy of 7.5% tea tree oil (TTO) eyelash shampoo on the density of Demodex (Acari: Demodicidae) and ocular symptoms in patients with demodectic blepharitis. A total of 135 patients diagnosed with demodectic blepharitis, following clinical inspection and parasitological examinations, were included in the study. Patients were treated with eyelash shampoo, with or without TTO. Full Demodex reduction was attained in 36% of the patients who used eyelash shampoo with TTO, and the average Demodex count was reduced from 6.33/eyelash to zero (P < 0.001). In contrast, the average Demodex count in patients who did not achieve full reduction (64%) was reduced from 12.46/eyelash to 4.15/eyelash (P < 0.001). Full reduction was observed in 11.7% of patients who used TTO-free eyelash shampoo, and average Demodex count reduced from 2.00/eyelash to zero (P = 0.017). The average Demodex count was reduced from 11.98/eyelash to 7.91/eyelash in patients (88.3%) who did...