The Experts below are selected from a list of 318 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Ruth Freeman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The social gradient in oral health: Is there a role for Dental Anxiety?
Community dentistry and oral epidemiology, 2017Co-Authors: Eduardo Bernabé, Gerry Humphris, Ruth FreemanAbstract:Objective To evaluate the contribution of Dental Anxiety to social gradients in different oral health outcomes and whether social gradients in oral health persist once Dental Anxiety is removed from the population examined. Methods Data from 9035 British adults were analysed. Participants’ socioeconomic position (SEP) was measured through education and household income. Dental Anxiety was measured with the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale. Poor subjective oral health, oral impacts on quality of life and edentulism among all adults and the number of teeth, the number of decayed, missing and filled surfaces (DMFS) and sextants with pocketing among dentate adults were the oral health outcomes. The contribution of Dental Anxiety to absolute and relative social inequalities in each oral health outcome (measured with the Slope and Relative Index of Inequality [SII and RII], respectively) was estimated from regression models without and with adjustment for Dental Anxiety and quantified with the percentage attenuation. Interactions between each SEP indicator and Dental Anxiety were used to test what would happen if Dental Anxiety were removed from the whole population. Results The largest contribution of Dental Anxiety to explaining oral health inequalities was found for education gradients in perceived outcomes (11%-13%), but Dental Anxiety explained
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Measuring children's Dental Anxiety
Evidence-based dentistry, 2012Co-Authors: Gerry Humphris, Ruth FreemanAbstract:Medline and the Social Science Index Citation databases were searched. Studies had to have used measures of Dental Anxiety completed by children themselves (≤16 years), been published in English and reported primary data. Non-validated measures, those using proxy measures and non-Dentally specific measures were excluded. Data were extracted independently using a standardised form. Validity and reliability of the questionnaires were assessed, and measures were evaluated against a theoretical framework of Dental Anxiety. A qualitative summary of the measures is presented. Sixty studies met the inclusion criteria. These covered seven ‘trait’ and two ‘state’ measures of Dental Anxiety used to assess children's Dental Anxiety over the past decade. The findings from this systematic review can be used to help guide Dental academics, clinicians, psychologists and epidemiologists to choose the most appropriate measure of Dental Anxiety for their intended use. Future work should involve evaluating the content and developmental validity of existing measures with further consideration given to the use of theoretical frameworks to develop this field.
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Measuring children's Dental Anxiety
Evidence-Based Dentistry, 2012Co-Authors: Gerry Humphris, Ruth FreemanAbstract:Data sources Medline and the Social Science Index Citation databases were searched. Study selection Studies had to have used measures of Dental Anxiety completed by children themselves (≤16 years), been published in English and reported primary data. Non-validated measures, those using proxy measures and non-Dentally specific measures were excluded. Data extraction and synthesis Data were extracted independently using a standardised form. Validity and reliability of the questionnaires were assessed, and measures were evaluated against a theoretical framework of Dental Anxiety. A qualitative summary of the measures is presented. Results Sixty studies met the inclusion criteria. These covered seven ‘trait’ and two ‘state’ measures of Dental Anxiety used to assess children's Dental Anxiety over the past decade. Conclusions The findings from this systematic review can be used to help guide Dental academics, clinicians, psychologists and epidemiologists to choose the most appropriate measure of Dental Anxiety for their intended use. Future work should involve evaluating the content and developmental validity of existing measures with further consideration given to the use of theoretical frameworks to develop this field.
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Research Summary: A Dental Anxiety scale for children
British Dental Journal, 2005Co-Authors: Ruth FreemanAbstract:Objective To provide reliability and validity data on a computerised Dental Anxiety scale (the Smiley Faces Program or SFP) for children using faces as a response set. Setting Five schools across Derby, Newcastle-upon-Tyne and Shropshire. Subjects and method The SFP was completed by 464 children (mean age 10.8 years). For validity purposes, 241 children also completed two other children's Dental Anxiety measures (the Modified Child Dental Anxiety Scale and the Dental Fear Survey). For test-retest purposes 100 of the children completed the SFP two weeks later. Results The SFP demonstrated good internal consistency (α= 0.8), test-retest reliability was good and significant correlations were found between the SFP and the other measures. The children rated the local anaesthetic and drill as the most Anxiety-provoking items. Conclusion This study suggests that the SFP is a valid and reliable measure for assessing children's trait Dental Anxiety and may help encourage dentists to formally assess Dental Anxiety.
Zoe Marshman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Development and evaluation of the children's experiences of Dental Anxiety measure
International journal of paediatric dentistry, 2017Co-Authors: Jenny Porritt, Annie G Morgan, Helen D. Rodd, Sarah R. Baker, Cathy Creswell, Tim Newton, Christopher Williams, Fiona Gilchrist, Ekta Gupta, Zoe MarshmanAbstract:Background Existing measures of children's Dental Anxiety have not been developed with children or based on a theoretical framework of Dental Anxiety. Aim To develop the children's experiences of Dental Anxiety measure (CEDAM) and evaluate the measure's properties. Design The measure was developed from interviews with Dentally anxious children. Children recruited from a Dental hospital and secondary school completed the CEDAM and Modified Child Dental Anxiety Scale (MCDAS). A subgroup of children completed the CEDAM before and after receiving an intervention to reduce Dental Anxiety to examine the measure's responsiveness. Rasch and Classical test analyses were undertaken. Results Children were aged between 9 and 16 years (N = 88 recruited from a Dental hospital and N = 159 recruited from a school). Rasch analysis confirmed the measure's unidimensionality. The CEDAM correlated well with the MCDAS (rho = 0.67, P < 0.01) and had excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.88) and test–retest reliability (ICC = 0.98). The CEDAM was also able to detect changes in Dental Anxiety following the intervention (baseline mean = 22.36, SD = 2.57 and follow-up mean = 18.88, SD = 2.42, t(df = 37) = 9.54, P < 0.01, Cohen's d = 1.39). Conclusions The results support the reliability, validity and responsiveness of the CEDAM. Initial findings indicate it has potential for use in future intervention trials or in clinical practice to monitor children's Dental Anxiety.
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Children's experiences of Dental Anxiety
International journal of paediatric dentistry, 2016Co-Authors: Annie G Morgan, Helen D. Rodd, Jenny Porritt, Sarah R. Baker, Cathy Creswell, Tim Newton, Christopher Williams, Zoe MarshmanAbstract:Background Dental Anxiety is common among children. Although there is a wealth of research investigating childhood Dental Anxiety, little consideration has been given to the child's perspective. Aim This qualitative study sought to explore with children their own experiences of Dental Anxiety using a cognitive behavioural therapy assessment model. Design Face-to-face, semi-structured interviews were conducted with Dentally anxious children aged 11–16 years. The Five Areas model was used to inform the topic guide and analysis. Data were analysed using a framework approach. Results In total, 13 children were interviewed. Participants described their experiences of Dental Anxiety across multiple dimensions (situational factors and altered thoughts, feelings, physical symptoms, and behaviours). Participants placed considerable value on communication by Dental professionals, with poor communication having a negative influence on Dental Anxiety and the dentist–patient relationship. Conclusions This study confirms the Five Areas model as an applicable theoretical model for the assessment of childhood Dental Anxiety. Children provided insights about their own Dental Anxiety experiences that have not previously been described.
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assessing children s Dental Anxiety a systematic review of current measures
Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, 2013Co-Authors: Jenny Porritt, Heather Buchanan, Melanie Hall, Fiona Gilchrist, Zoe MarshmanAbstract:The reliable assessment of children's Dental Anxiety can have many benefits for the Dental team, service providers and Dental public health practitioners. This study aimed to identify and evaluate self-report measures, which are available to assess children's Dental Anxiety. Systematic searches of the literature between 1998 and 2011 were conducted to identify relevant studies. The properties of each measure (reliability and validity) were assessed, and measures were evaluated against a theoretical framework of Dental Anxiety. Executing the search strategy generated 498 articles and of these 60 studies met all of the inclusion criteria. Seven 'trait' and two 'state' measures of Dental Anxiety had been employed to assess children's Dental Anxiety over the past decade. Reliability and validity estimates for the most widely used measures were good; however, many questionnaires had a limited focus in the aspects of Anxiety they assessed. The paper summarizes the measures of children's Dental Anxiety which may be most useful for a number of different purposes and populations. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S.
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understanding children s Dental Anxiety and psychological approaches to its reduction
International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry, 2012Co-Authors: Jenny Porritt, Zoe Marshman, Helen D. RoddAbstract:Background. Dental Anxiety is a common problem, which can affect people of all ages, but appears to develop mostly in childhood and adolescence. Childhood Dental Anxiety is not only distressing for the child and their family but is also associated with poor oral health outcomes and an increased reliance on costly specialist Dental services. Aim. This article will consider the prevalence, development, and implications of children’s Dental Anxiety. It will also discuss the opportunities for and challenges of psychological approaches such as cognitive behavioural therapy aimed at the reduction of Dental Anxiety in children.
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Understanding children’s Dental Anxiety and psychological approaches to its reduction
International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry, 2012Co-Authors: Jenny Porritt, Zoe Marshman, Helen D. RoddAbstract:Background. Dental Anxiety is a common problem, which can affect people of all ages, but appears to develop mostly in childhood and adolescence. Childhood Dental Anxiety is not only distressing for the child and their family but is also associated with poor oral health outcomes and an increased reliance on costly specialist Dental services. Aim. This article will consider the prevalence, development, and implications of children’s Dental Anxiety. It will also discuss the opportunities for and challenges of psychological approaches such as cognitive behavioural therapy aimed at the reduction of Dental Anxiety in children.
Jenny Porritt - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Development and evaluation of the children's experiences of Dental Anxiety measure
International journal of paediatric dentistry, 2017Co-Authors: Jenny Porritt, Annie G Morgan, Helen D. Rodd, Sarah R. Baker, Cathy Creswell, Tim Newton, Christopher Williams, Fiona Gilchrist, Ekta Gupta, Zoe MarshmanAbstract:Background Existing measures of children's Dental Anxiety have not been developed with children or based on a theoretical framework of Dental Anxiety. Aim To develop the children's experiences of Dental Anxiety measure (CEDAM) and evaluate the measure's properties. Design The measure was developed from interviews with Dentally anxious children. Children recruited from a Dental hospital and secondary school completed the CEDAM and Modified Child Dental Anxiety Scale (MCDAS). A subgroup of children completed the CEDAM before and after receiving an intervention to reduce Dental Anxiety to examine the measure's responsiveness. Rasch and Classical test analyses were undertaken. Results Children were aged between 9 and 16 years (N = 88 recruited from a Dental hospital and N = 159 recruited from a school). Rasch analysis confirmed the measure's unidimensionality. The CEDAM correlated well with the MCDAS (rho = 0.67, P < 0.01) and had excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.88) and test–retest reliability (ICC = 0.98). The CEDAM was also able to detect changes in Dental Anxiety following the intervention (baseline mean = 22.36, SD = 2.57 and follow-up mean = 18.88, SD = 2.42, t(df = 37) = 9.54, P < 0.01, Cohen's d = 1.39). Conclusions The results support the reliability, validity and responsiveness of the CEDAM. Initial findings indicate it has potential for use in future intervention trials or in clinical practice to monitor children's Dental Anxiety.
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Children's experiences of Dental Anxiety
International journal of paediatric dentistry, 2016Co-Authors: Annie G Morgan, Helen D. Rodd, Jenny Porritt, Sarah R. Baker, Cathy Creswell, Tim Newton, Christopher Williams, Zoe MarshmanAbstract:Background Dental Anxiety is common among children. Although there is a wealth of research investigating childhood Dental Anxiety, little consideration has been given to the child's perspective. Aim This qualitative study sought to explore with children their own experiences of Dental Anxiety using a cognitive behavioural therapy assessment model. Design Face-to-face, semi-structured interviews were conducted with Dentally anxious children aged 11–16 years. The Five Areas model was used to inform the topic guide and analysis. Data were analysed using a framework approach. Results In total, 13 children were interviewed. Participants described their experiences of Dental Anxiety across multiple dimensions (situational factors and altered thoughts, feelings, physical symptoms, and behaviours). Participants placed considerable value on communication by Dental professionals, with poor communication having a negative influence on Dental Anxiety and the dentist–patient relationship. Conclusions This study confirms the Five Areas model as an applicable theoretical model for the assessment of childhood Dental Anxiety. Children provided insights about their own Dental Anxiety experiences that have not previously been described.
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assessing children s Dental Anxiety a systematic review of current measures
Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, 2013Co-Authors: Jenny Porritt, Heather Buchanan, Melanie Hall, Fiona Gilchrist, Zoe MarshmanAbstract:The reliable assessment of children's Dental Anxiety can have many benefits for the Dental team, service providers and Dental public health practitioners. This study aimed to identify and evaluate self-report measures, which are available to assess children's Dental Anxiety. Systematic searches of the literature between 1998 and 2011 were conducted to identify relevant studies. The properties of each measure (reliability and validity) were assessed, and measures were evaluated against a theoretical framework of Dental Anxiety. Executing the search strategy generated 498 articles and of these 60 studies met all of the inclusion criteria. Seven 'trait' and two 'state' measures of Dental Anxiety had been employed to assess children's Dental Anxiety over the past decade. Reliability and validity estimates for the most widely used measures were good; however, many questionnaires had a limited focus in the aspects of Anxiety they assessed. The paper summarizes the measures of children's Dental Anxiety which may be most useful for a number of different purposes and populations. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S.
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understanding children s Dental Anxiety and psychological approaches to its reduction
International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry, 2012Co-Authors: Jenny Porritt, Zoe Marshman, Helen D. RoddAbstract:Background. Dental Anxiety is a common problem, which can affect people of all ages, but appears to develop mostly in childhood and adolescence. Childhood Dental Anxiety is not only distressing for the child and their family but is also associated with poor oral health outcomes and an increased reliance on costly specialist Dental services. Aim. This article will consider the prevalence, development, and implications of children’s Dental Anxiety. It will also discuss the opportunities for and challenges of psychological approaches such as cognitive behavioural therapy aimed at the reduction of Dental Anxiety in children.
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Understanding children’s Dental Anxiety and psychological approaches to its reduction
International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry, 2012Co-Authors: Jenny Porritt, Zoe Marshman, Helen D. RoddAbstract:Background. Dental Anxiety is a common problem, which can affect people of all ages, but appears to develop mostly in childhood and adolescence. Childhood Dental Anxiety is not only distressing for the child and their family but is also associated with poor oral health outcomes and an increased reliance on costly specialist Dental services. Aim. This article will consider the prevalence, development, and implications of children’s Dental Anxiety. It will also discuss the opportunities for and challenges of psychological approaches such as cognitive behavioural therapy aimed at the reduction of Dental Anxiety in children.
Gerry Humphris - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Measuring children's Dental Anxiety
Evidence-based dentistry, 2012Co-Authors: Gerry Humphris, Ruth FreemanAbstract:Medline and the Social Science Index Citation databases were searched. Studies had to have used measures of Dental Anxiety completed by children themselves (≤16 years), been published in English and reported primary data. Non-validated measures, those using proxy measures and non-Dentally specific measures were excluded. Data were extracted independently using a standardised form. Validity and reliability of the questionnaires were assessed, and measures were evaluated against a theoretical framework of Dental Anxiety. A qualitative summary of the measures is presented. Sixty studies met the inclusion criteria. These covered seven ‘trait’ and two ‘state’ measures of Dental Anxiety used to assess children's Dental Anxiety over the past decade. The findings from this systematic review can be used to help guide Dental academics, clinicians, psychologists and epidemiologists to choose the most appropriate measure of Dental Anxiety for their intended use. Future work should involve evaluating the content and developmental validity of existing measures with further consideration given to the use of theoretical frameworks to develop this field.
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Measuring children's Dental Anxiety
Evidence-Based Dentistry, 2012Co-Authors: Gerry Humphris, Ruth FreemanAbstract:Data sources Medline and the Social Science Index Citation databases were searched. Study selection Studies had to have used measures of Dental Anxiety completed by children themselves (≤16 years), been published in English and reported primary data. Non-validated measures, those using proxy measures and non-Dentally specific measures were excluded. Data extraction and synthesis Data were extracted independently using a standardised form. Validity and reliability of the questionnaires were assessed, and measures were evaluated against a theoretical framework of Dental Anxiety. A qualitative summary of the measures is presented. Results Sixty studies met the inclusion criteria. These covered seven ‘trait’ and two ‘state’ measures of Dental Anxiety used to assess children's Dental Anxiety over the past decade. Conclusions The findings from this systematic review can be used to help guide Dental academics, clinicians, psychologists and epidemiologists to choose the most appropriate measure of Dental Anxiety for their intended use. Future work should involve evaluating the content and developmental validity of existing measures with further consideration given to the use of theoretical frameworks to develop this field.
Viviane Colares - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Development of Dental Anxiety in schoolchildren: A 2-year prospective study.
Community dentistry and oral epidemiology, 2017Co-Authors: Fernanda Cunha Soares, Rodrigo Antunes Lima, Mauro Virgílio Gomes De Barros, Göran Dahllöf, Viviane ColaresAbstract:Aim To assess the development of high Dental Anxiety and the factors that are associated with it over a 2-year period. Design This longitudinal study focused on 416 Brazilian children aged 5-7 years over 2 years. Interviews were conducted with the children's parents to investigate the children's health-related behaviours. Additionally, the children's Dental caries experience was clinically evaluated to obtain information about DMFT/dmft (decayed, filled and missing teeth) indices. Using the Dental Anxiety Question, children whose parents responded “yes” to the prompt “Is he/she very afraid of going to the dentist?” were classified as having high Dental Anxiety. Multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression was used to analyse factors to determine the extent to which they were associated with high Dental Anxiety longitudinally. Results The prevalence of high Dental Anxiety in children at baseline was 16.2%, whereas it was 19.8% at follow-up. Additionally, 38% of the children with high Dental Anxiety at baseline still had the condition after two years, although 62% of them no longer had high Dental Anxiety. The incidence of high Dental Anxiety at 2-year follow-up was 15.0%. Children who used medication chronically had a 2.1 times greater likelihood of having high Dental Anxiety. Furthermore, children whose parents reported high Dental Anxiety had a 2.6 times greater likelihood of having high Dental Anxiety themselves. A one-unit increase in a child's dmft score increased the risk of high Dental Anxiety by 1.1 times at follow-up. Conclusion After two years, the incidence of high Dental Anxiety was 15.0%. Poor oral health, unstable general health and parents with high Dental Anxiety were factors that were associated with this type of Anxiety in schoolchildren. It is important that dentists are aware of children's high Dental Anxiety and the associated factors so that they can appropriately intervene. Dentists fulfil an important role and should stimulate and promote good general hygiene habits that may prevent future problems.
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Predictors of Dental Anxiety in Brazilian 5-7years old children.
Comprehensive psychiatry, 2016Co-Authors: Fernanda Cunha Soares, Rodrigo Antunes Lima, Mauro Virgílio Gomes De Barros, Carolina Da Franca Bandeira Ferreira Santos, Viviane ColaresAbstract:Abstract Objectives The aim of this study was to analyze the predictors of Dental Anxiety in 5 to 7-year-old children in a two years follow-up. Materials and methods This is a longitudinal study conducted with 784 children with 5 to 7 years old. A face-to-face interview was conducted with the parents. The Dental Anxiety Question (DAQ) answers were categorized as presence or absence of Dental Anxiety. The possible predictor factors analyzed were: related to the children (age, sex, parentage, childbirth, physical activity, body satisfaction, psychological well-being, physical well-being, dentist visit); and related to the parents or guardians (excessive alcohol consumption, smoke, family income, number of children). Forward stepwise logistic binary regression was performed for the multivariate analysis. The analysis was controlled by gender. Results The prevalence of Dental Anxiety was 17.4%. Children in lower family income had 2.3 (95% CI: 1.3–4.0) greater chance to report high Dental Anxiety in comparison to children in higher family income. Similarly, children's parents who reported lower psychological well-being had 1.5 (95% CI: 1.0–3.0) greater chance to report high Dental Anxiety in comparison to children's parents with higher psychological well-being. Conclusions The prevalence of Dental Anxiety was high, and the family income and psychological well-being were inversely associated to Dental Anxiety in children. Clinical relevance Knowing the Dental Anxiety predictors could help the pediatric dentist to analyze and understand who is more susceptible to develop Dental Anxiety. An adequate approach, a trust relationship could be built, improving the oral health conditions and reducing the need of treatment in children.