The Experts below are selected from a list of 327 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Dan Ardi Yuli Wardani - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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PEMANFAATAN EKSTRAK AKAR TUBA (Derris elliptica)SEBAGAI INSEKTISIDA RAMAH LINGKUNGAN UNTUKMENGENDALIKAN POPULASI ULAT BULU (LYMANTRIA BEATRIX)
2011Co-Authors: Eko Budiyanto, Arvana Rifki Aditya, Dan Ardi Yuli WardaniAbstract:This experimental research was aimed at determining the effectiveness of using tuba rootextract (Derris elliptica) on the mortality of caterpillar pests (Lymantria Beatrix) and to find out theoptimum concentration of plant‐based insecticide to reduce Lymantria Beatrix’s activity.The method used in this research included four steps, namely making of extracts, dry time test, thespray test to the leaves (to determine the damage level the leaves caused by pesticides), and testingthe larva of Lymantria Beatrix.The results of this research showed that the tuba root extract (Derris elliptica) could potentially beused as an environment friendly insecticide. Making tuba root extract using maceration process with90% ethanol solvent. Drying time test results for the standard synthetic pesticides, 100%, 75%, 50% and25% extracts, obtained results of 60 minutes, 25 minutes, 29 minutes, 40 minutes and 120 minutesrespectively. While the results of the test spray to the leaves showed that the standard syntheticpesticides causing damages to the side and the top of the leaves looked burnt and the pesticides fromTuba root extract showed the damage was only on the top of leaves that looked burnt after 6 days.Based on the results of the test to the larva of Lymantria Beatrix it could be concluded that theeffectiveness of the extract of the roots of the tuba (Derris elliptica) on the optimum mortality ofcaterpillars (Lymantria Beatrix) at a concentration of 50% with the least damage to leaves and gaveLD50 value of 69.99%.Keywords: tuba root extract, Lymantria beatrix, Botanical insecticide
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Pemanfaatan Ekstrak Akar Tuba (Derris elliptica)sebagai Insektisida Ramah Lingkungan Untukmengendalikan Populasi Ulat Bulu (Lymantria Beatrix)
Yogyakarta State University, 2011Co-Authors: Dan Ardi Yuli Wardani, Eko Budiyanto, Arvana Rifki AdityaAbstract:This experimental research was aimed at determining the effectiveness of using tuba rootextract (Derris elliptica) on the mortality of caterpillar pests (Lymantria Beatrix) and to find out theoptimum concentration of plant‐based insecticide to reduce Lymantria Beatrix\u27s activity.The method used in this research included four steps, namely making of extracts, dry time test, thespray test to the leaves (to determine the damage level the leaves caused by pesticides), and testingthe larva of Lymantria Beatrix.The results of this research showed that the tuba root extract (Derris elliptica) could potentially beused as an environment friendly insecticide. Making tuba root extract using maceration process with90% ethanol solvent. Drying time test results for the standard synthetic pesticides, 100%, 75%, 50% and25% extracts, obtained results of 60 minutes, 25 minutes, 29 minutes, 40 minutes and 120 minutesrespectively. While the results of the test spray to the leaves showed that the standard syntheticpesticides causing damages to the side and the top of the leaves looked burnt and the pesticides fromTuba root extract showed the damage was only on the top of leaves that looked burnt after 6 days.Based on the results of the test to the larva of Lymantria Beatrix it could be concluded that theeffectiveness of the extract of the roots of the tuba (Derris elliptica) on the optimum mortality ofcaterpillars (Lymantria Beatrix) at a concentration of 50% with the least damage to leaves and gaveLD50 value of 69.99%
Made I Merdana - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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uji toksisitas ekstrak akar tuba Derris elliptica secara topikal pada kulit anjing lokal
Indonesia Medicus Veterinus, 2015Co-Authors: Febrina Cicilia Br Ginting, Sis Wanto, Made I MerdanaAbstract:Ekstrak akar tuba (Derris elliptica) mengandung zat beracun disebut dengan rotenon yang dapat membunuh kutu pada anjing maupun kucing. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak akar tuba terhadap alergi pada kulit dan toksisitas ekstrak akar tuba yang digunakan sebagai antiektoparasit secara topikal. Penelitian ini menggunakan hewan coba sebanyak 10 ekor anjing lokal yang terdiri dari lima ekor jantan dan lima ekor betina, umur 1,5-2 tahun. Untuk perlakuan digunakan aquades sebagai kontrol negatif dan larutan ekstrak akar tuba dengan konsentrasi 1%, 2%, dan 3%. Pengamatan dilakukan setelah 1 jam, 2 jam, 3 jam, 4 jam dan setelah 24 jam terhadap terjadinya dermatitis pada kulit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak akar tuba dengan konsentrasi 1%, 2%, dan 3% yang diberikan secara topikal tidak menimbulkan dermatitis pada anjing. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak akar dapat digunakan sebagai antiektoparasit pada anjing lokal.
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uji efektivitas ekstrak akar tuba Derris elliptica terhadap caplak anjing secara in vitro
Indonesia Medicus Veterinus, 2015Co-Authors: Ika Hartini Hutasoit, Sis Wanto, Made I MerdanaAbstract:Ekstrak akar tuba (Derris elliptica) mengandung zat kimia yang disebut rotenon yang dapat membasmi serangga, larva, nyamuk, rayap tanah dan lain sebagainya. Belum adanya penelitian tentang pengaruh extrak akar tuba terhadap caplak anjing, maka dilakukan penelitian ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas ekstrak akar tuba sebagai anti ektoparasit terhadap caplak anjing. Sampel yang digunakan adalah caplak sebanyak 40 ekor yang dibagi dalam empat kelompok, masing-masing sepuluh ekor ditaruh dalam cawan petridis yang dialasi kapas. Kemudian dilakukan penyemprotan 0% aquades (kontrol), 1%, 2%, dan 3% ekstrak akar tuba. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap caplak yang sudah mati. Pada konsentrasi 1% menunjukkan kematian caplak tiga ekor pada menit ke-20, lima ekor pada menit ke-30, dan kematian 100% pada menit ke-64. Pada konsentrasi 2% menunjukkan kematian dua ekor pada menit 10,tujuh ekor pada menit ke-30 dan kematian 100% pada menit ke-55. Dan pada konsentrasi 3% menunjukkan kematian pada tujuh ekor caplak pada menit ke-10, sembilan ekor pada menit ke-20 dan kematian 100% pada menit ke-30. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak akar tuba dengan konsentrasi 3% lebih efektif daripada 1% dan 2%. Ini dibuktikan dengan jumlah dan kecepatan kematian pada caplak. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak akar tuba kadar 1%, 2%, dan 3% sangat efektif digunakan sebagai anti ektoparasit anjing.
Arvana Rifki Aditya - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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PEMANFAATAN EKSTRAK AKAR TUBA (Derris elliptica)SEBAGAI INSEKTISIDA RAMAH LINGKUNGAN UNTUKMENGENDALIKAN POPULASI ULAT BULU (LYMANTRIA BEATRIX)
2011Co-Authors: Eko Budiyanto, Arvana Rifki Aditya, Dan Ardi Yuli WardaniAbstract:This experimental research was aimed at determining the effectiveness of using tuba rootextract (Derris elliptica) on the mortality of caterpillar pests (Lymantria Beatrix) and to find out theoptimum concentration of plant‐based insecticide to reduce Lymantria Beatrix’s activity.The method used in this research included four steps, namely making of extracts, dry time test, thespray test to the leaves (to determine the damage level the leaves caused by pesticides), and testingthe larva of Lymantria Beatrix.The results of this research showed that the tuba root extract (Derris elliptica) could potentially beused as an environment friendly insecticide. Making tuba root extract using maceration process with90% ethanol solvent. Drying time test results for the standard synthetic pesticides, 100%, 75%, 50% and25% extracts, obtained results of 60 minutes, 25 minutes, 29 minutes, 40 minutes and 120 minutesrespectively. While the results of the test spray to the leaves showed that the standard syntheticpesticides causing damages to the side and the top of the leaves looked burnt and the pesticides fromTuba root extract showed the damage was only on the top of leaves that looked burnt after 6 days.Based on the results of the test to the larva of Lymantria Beatrix it could be concluded that theeffectiveness of the extract of the roots of the tuba (Derris elliptica) on the optimum mortality ofcaterpillars (Lymantria Beatrix) at a concentration of 50% with the least damage to leaves and gaveLD50 value of 69.99%.Keywords: tuba root extract, Lymantria beatrix, Botanical insecticide
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Pemanfaatan Ekstrak Akar Tuba (Derris elliptica)sebagai Insektisida Ramah Lingkungan Untukmengendalikan Populasi Ulat Bulu (Lymantria Beatrix)
Yogyakarta State University, 2011Co-Authors: Dan Ardi Yuli Wardani, Eko Budiyanto, Arvana Rifki AdityaAbstract:This experimental research was aimed at determining the effectiveness of using tuba rootextract (Derris elliptica) on the mortality of caterpillar pests (Lymantria Beatrix) and to find out theoptimum concentration of plant‐based insecticide to reduce Lymantria Beatrix\u27s activity.The method used in this research included four steps, namely making of extracts, dry time test, thespray test to the leaves (to determine the damage level the leaves caused by pesticides), and testingthe larva of Lymantria Beatrix.The results of this research showed that the tuba root extract (Derris elliptica) could potentially beused as an environment friendly insecticide. Making tuba root extract using maceration process with90% ethanol solvent. Drying time test results for the standard synthetic pesticides, 100%, 75%, 50% and25% extracts, obtained results of 60 minutes, 25 minutes, 29 minutes, 40 minutes and 120 minutesrespectively. While the results of the test spray to the leaves showed that the standard syntheticpesticides causing damages to the side and the top of the leaves looked burnt and the pesticides fromTuba root extract showed the damage was only on the top of leaves that looked burnt after 6 days.Based on the results of the test to the larva of Lymantria Beatrix it could be concluded that theeffectiveness of the extract of the roots of the tuba (Derris elliptica) on the optimum mortality ofcaterpillars (Lymantria Beatrix) at a concentration of 50% with the least damage to leaves and gaveLD50 value of 69.99%
Ramlan Abdul Aziz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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identification of bio active constituents from Derris elliptica liquid crude extract using liquid chromatographic method coupled with high vacuum pressure
Advances in Environmental Biology, 2014Co-Authors: Saiful Irwan Zubairi, Mohamad Roji Sarmidi, Ramlan Abdul AzizAbstract:History has recorded that the use of rotenone as bio-pesticide by plant and vegetables growers are almost worldwide. The re-introduction of this bio-active compound as an environmental friendly bio-pesticide in organic fruits and vegetables plantations is now an emergent trend. Currently, our study is focused on the development of bio-pesticide using rotenone extracted from local plant Derris elliptica. Liquid chromatographic method coupled with high vacuum pressure was developed for the purification of rotenone in the crude extract of Derris elliptica to ease identification process. The treated root and stem were cut into small pieces prior to the extraction process using the normal soaking extraction (NSE) method. Next, the liquid crude extract was concentrated by using rotary evaporator at 40 o C under reduced pressure of 800 mbar (90% of solvent removal). A high vacuum pressure liquid chromatographic (VLC) was carried out to purify the crude extract using silica gel with variety of eluents composition. All eluted solutions that have been collected from the reservoir were analyzed by mean of thin layer chromatography (TLC). The markers for each of the bio-active constituents were visualized and calculated using UV lamp and the Rf values respectively. The employed method shows significant improvement in preliminary identification of rotenone and its derivatives as compared to the conventional thin layer chromatography method.
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The Effects of Raw Material Particles Size, Types of Solvents and Solvent-to-Solid Ratio on the Yield of Rotenone Extracted from Derris elliptica Roots
Sains Malaysiana, 2014Co-Authors: Saiful Irwan Zubairi, Mohamad Roji Sarmidi, Ramlan Abdul AzizAbstract:Currently, bio-pesticide is relatively harmless to human and environment and thus desirable for its use in the control of insect vectors. Bio-pesticide has been increasingly important in both scale commercial agriculture and small plot, subsistence farming. One of the sources for bio-pesticide is 'tuba' plant, known as Derris elliptica. Derris elliptica contains bio-active compounds known as rotenone (C23H33O6) which is harmless to plants, highly toxic to many insects and relatively innocuous to mammals. The study was carried out to investigate the appropriate processing parameters with the aimed to acquire high yield of rotenone (mg) and concentration (mg/mL) of the exhaustive extraction process by evaluating the kinetics of the normal soaking extraction (NSE) method. The raw plants were collected from Kota Johor Lama, Johor and sorted to collect the root. The roots were sorted into 2 types of raw material particles size (mm in diameter) prior to the extraction process. Rotenone from the root part was extracted by using a NSE method at ambient temperature of 27±1°C. Three types of solvents and 2 solvent-to-solid ratios were utilized throughout the extraction process. The extraction was carried out for 50 h and the fractions of the liquid crude extract were collected for each interval time (2 h/mL/fraction) and further cleaned up to remove any fine debris prior to the determination of rotenone content (mg) and its concentration (mg/mL) via reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). From the kinetics result obtained, it was found that the fine Derris elliptica roots with particles size of 0.5 - 2 mm in diameter and solvent-to-solid ratio of 10 mL/g of acetone solvent system were considered the best processing parameters to procure high yield of rotenone and its concentration.
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bio active constituents of rotenoids resin extracted from Derris elliptica roots comparison between local plant extract and saphyr france cube resin
Advances in Environmental Biology, 2014Co-Authors: Saiful Irwan Zubairi, Mohamad Roji Sarmidi, Ramlan Abdul AzizAbstract:It is well known now that some plant species represent an efficient factory of chemicals, which are manufactured and used as bio-weapons against pest attacks. Extensive work has been done since the last few decades on these potentially useful compounds. During the last few decades a growing interest was directed towards a safer agricultural production such as free residual toxicity hazards to human beings and to the environment. For instance, plant-based extracts biocides possess a greater advantage compared with the chemical ones. Their efficacies are also acceptable. In this work, the aim is to standardize and determine the bio-active constituents extracted from local plant of Derris species (Derris elliptica) by using an internal standard method of reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) system. The raw plants were collected from Kota Johor Lama, Malaysia and sorted to collect the roots and stems. Rotenoids resin from the roots and stems were extracted by using a normal soaking extraction (NSE) method at 30 ± 2 o C. A solvent of acetone with an optimum solvent-to-solid ratio of 10 ml/g was utilized in the extraction process. The extraction was carried out for 24 hrs and the extract was filtered to remove any fine debris prior to the RP-HPLC analysis. The commercially available rotenoids resin cube of SAPHYR (France) was analyzed to compare and verify the bio-active constituents available with the extract of local plant species. The RP-HPLC analysis results showed the elicited distinguishable patterns of the bio-active constituents between the extract of Derris elliptica and commercial grade of rotenoids cube resin. This extract has a great potential to be used as insecticidal products. However, the rotenone content is still low as compared to the commercial grade rotenoids resin. For that reason, a plant tissue culture is needed to produce a hybrid species between Derris elliptica and Amazonia species so that high yield of rotenone could be attained.
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a preliminary study of rotenone exhaustive extraction kinetic from Derris elliptica dried roots using normal soaking extraction nse method
Advances in Environmental Biology, 2014Co-Authors: Saiful Irwan Zubairi, Mohamad Roji Sarmidi, Ramlan Abdul AzizAbstract:Currently bio-pesticide is relatively harmless to humans and the environment and thus desirable for the use in the controlling of insect vectors. The importance of biopesticide in both scale commercial agriculture and small plot, subsistence farming has been on the rise. One of the sources of bio-pesticide is ‘tuba’ plant, also known as Derris elliptica. Derris elliptica contains bio-active compound known as rotenone (C23H33O6) which is harmless to plants, highly toxic to many insects and relatively innocuous to mammals. The study carried out was to investigate the appropriate independent and dependent variables of the exhaustive extraction process by evaluating the kinetic equilibrium phase of the normal soaking extraction (NSE) method. The rotenone from the roots and stems was extracted by using the normal soaking extraction (NSE) at an ambient temperature of 28 to 30 o C with 95% (v/v) of acetone as a solvent. The solvent-to-solid ratio of the extraction was 10 ml/g. The extraction was carried out for 1440 mins and the fractions of the liquid crude extract were collected for each interval time (30 mins/ml/fraction) and were further cleaned up to remove any fine debris of roots and stems prior to the determination of rotenone content (mg) and its concentration (mg/ml) by using the reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). Based on the results obtained, it was found that the best extraction time was between 800 mins to 840 mins with the yield of rotenone and rotenone concentration of 830 mg to 890 mg and 2800 ppm to 2950 ppm respectively. Thus, the identified exhaustive extraction parameters can be utilized to optimize the yield of rotenone and its concentration via statistical analysis.
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precipitation of rotenoids resin extracted from Derris elliptica roots by means of clarifying agents
Advances in Environmental Biology, 2014Co-Authors: Saiful Irwan Zubairi, Mohamad Roji Sarmidi, Ramlan Abdul AzizAbstract:Rotenone and its congeners have come into an increasingly widespread usage as the active constituents of a large number of insecticides. The roots of Derris elliptica or 'tuba' plant are used as a source of insecticidal compounds which primarily contain rotenone. The main objective of this work is to obtain the best combination of the main precipitator agent (aluminium sulfate: Al2(SO4)3) with 4 different types of co-precipitator to completely solidify rotenone from liquid crude extract. Rotenone was extracted from Derris elliptica root using two solvent systems: (1) methanol 95% (v/v), and (2) a mixture of methanol and H2O (8:2). After the extraction, the precipitation process was carried out using Al2(SO4)3 (1.5M) with the addition of co-precipitator (clarifying agents) such as calcium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium caseinate and kieselguhr (diatomaceous earth) with a concentration of 1M to 3M. The result has shown that natrium caseinate was the best co-precipitator with the highest yield of 38.65% (w/w) at the highest concentration of 3M. None of the rotenone was detected in the supernatant to indicate that all rotenone content have been precipitated adequately. Finally, the presence of rotenone was confirmed by using qualitative analysis of thin layer chromatography (TLC) method.
Saiful Irwan Zubairi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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identification of bio active constituents from Derris elliptica liquid crude extract using liquid chromatographic method coupled with high vacuum pressure
Advances in Environmental Biology, 2014Co-Authors: Saiful Irwan Zubairi, Mohamad Roji Sarmidi, Ramlan Abdul AzizAbstract:History has recorded that the use of rotenone as bio-pesticide by plant and vegetables growers are almost worldwide. The re-introduction of this bio-active compound as an environmental friendly bio-pesticide in organic fruits and vegetables plantations is now an emergent trend. Currently, our study is focused on the development of bio-pesticide using rotenone extracted from local plant Derris elliptica. Liquid chromatographic method coupled with high vacuum pressure was developed for the purification of rotenone in the crude extract of Derris elliptica to ease identification process. The treated root and stem were cut into small pieces prior to the extraction process using the normal soaking extraction (NSE) method. Next, the liquid crude extract was concentrated by using rotary evaporator at 40 o C under reduced pressure of 800 mbar (90% of solvent removal). A high vacuum pressure liquid chromatographic (VLC) was carried out to purify the crude extract using silica gel with variety of eluents composition. All eluted solutions that have been collected from the reservoir were analyzed by mean of thin layer chromatography (TLC). The markers for each of the bio-active constituents were visualized and calculated using UV lamp and the Rf values respectively. The employed method shows significant improvement in preliminary identification of rotenone and its derivatives as compared to the conventional thin layer chromatography method.
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The Effects of Raw Material Particles Size, Types of Solvents and Solvent-to-Solid Ratio on the Yield of Rotenone Extracted from Derris elliptica Roots
Sains Malaysiana, 2014Co-Authors: Saiful Irwan Zubairi, Mohamad Roji Sarmidi, Ramlan Abdul AzizAbstract:Currently, bio-pesticide is relatively harmless to human and environment and thus desirable for its use in the control of insect vectors. Bio-pesticide has been increasingly important in both scale commercial agriculture and small plot, subsistence farming. One of the sources for bio-pesticide is 'tuba' plant, known as Derris elliptica. Derris elliptica contains bio-active compounds known as rotenone (C23H33O6) which is harmless to plants, highly toxic to many insects and relatively innocuous to mammals. The study was carried out to investigate the appropriate processing parameters with the aimed to acquire high yield of rotenone (mg) and concentration (mg/mL) of the exhaustive extraction process by evaluating the kinetics of the normal soaking extraction (NSE) method. The raw plants were collected from Kota Johor Lama, Johor and sorted to collect the root. The roots were sorted into 2 types of raw material particles size (mm in diameter) prior to the extraction process. Rotenone from the root part was extracted by using a NSE method at ambient temperature of 27±1°C. Three types of solvents and 2 solvent-to-solid ratios were utilized throughout the extraction process. The extraction was carried out for 50 h and the fractions of the liquid crude extract were collected for each interval time (2 h/mL/fraction) and further cleaned up to remove any fine debris prior to the determination of rotenone content (mg) and its concentration (mg/mL) via reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). From the kinetics result obtained, it was found that the fine Derris elliptica roots with particles size of 0.5 - 2 mm in diameter and solvent-to-solid ratio of 10 mL/g of acetone solvent system were considered the best processing parameters to procure high yield of rotenone and its concentration.
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bio active constituents of rotenoids resin extracted from Derris elliptica roots comparison between local plant extract and saphyr france cube resin
Advances in Environmental Biology, 2014Co-Authors: Saiful Irwan Zubairi, Mohamad Roji Sarmidi, Ramlan Abdul AzizAbstract:It is well known now that some plant species represent an efficient factory of chemicals, which are manufactured and used as bio-weapons against pest attacks. Extensive work has been done since the last few decades on these potentially useful compounds. During the last few decades a growing interest was directed towards a safer agricultural production such as free residual toxicity hazards to human beings and to the environment. For instance, plant-based extracts biocides possess a greater advantage compared with the chemical ones. Their efficacies are also acceptable. In this work, the aim is to standardize and determine the bio-active constituents extracted from local plant of Derris species (Derris elliptica) by using an internal standard method of reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) system. The raw plants were collected from Kota Johor Lama, Malaysia and sorted to collect the roots and stems. Rotenoids resin from the roots and stems were extracted by using a normal soaking extraction (NSE) method at 30 ± 2 o C. A solvent of acetone with an optimum solvent-to-solid ratio of 10 ml/g was utilized in the extraction process. The extraction was carried out for 24 hrs and the extract was filtered to remove any fine debris prior to the RP-HPLC analysis. The commercially available rotenoids resin cube of SAPHYR (France) was analyzed to compare and verify the bio-active constituents available with the extract of local plant species. The RP-HPLC analysis results showed the elicited distinguishable patterns of the bio-active constituents between the extract of Derris elliptica and commercial grade of rotenoids cube resin. This extract has a great potential to be used as insecticidal products. However, the rotenone content is still low as compared to the commercial grade rotenoids resin. For that reason, a plant tissue culture is needed to produce a hybrid species between Derris elliptica and Amazonia species so that high yield of rotenone could be attained.
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a preliminary study of rotenone exhaustive extraction kinetic from Derris elliptica dried roots using normal soaking extraction nse method
Advances in Environmental Biology, 2014Co-Authors: Saiful Irwan Zubairi, Mohamad Roji Sarmidi, Ramlan Abdul AzizAbstract:Currently bio-pesticide is relatively harmless to humans and the environment and thus desirable for the use in the controlling of insect vectors. The importance of biopesticide in both scale commercial agriculture and small plot, subsistence farming has been on the rise. One of the sources of bio-pesticide is ‘tuba’ plant, also known as Derris elliptica. Derris elliptica contains bio-active compound known as rotenone (C23H33O6) which is harmless to plants, highly toxic to many insects and relatively innocuous to mammals. The study carried out was to investigate the appropriate independent and dependent variables of the exhaustive extraction process by evaluating the kinetic equilibrium phase of the normal soaking extraction (NSE) method. The rotenone from the roots and stems was extracted by using the normal soaking extraction (NSE) at an ambient temperature of 28 to 30 o C with 95% (v/v) of acetone as a solvent. The solvent-to-solid ratio of the extraction was 10 ml/g. The extraction was carried out for 1440 mins and the fractions of the liquid crude extract were collected for each interval time (30 mins/ml/fraction) and were further cleaned up to remove any fine debris of roots and stems prior to the determination of rotenone content (mg) and its concentration (mg/ml) by using the reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). Based on the results obtained, it was found that the best extraction time was between 800 mins to 840 mins with the yield of rotenone and rotenone concentration of 830 mg to 890 mg and 2800 ppm to 2950 ppm respectively. Thus, the identified exhaustive extraction parameters can be utilized to optimize the yield of rotenone and its concentration via statistical analysis.
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precipitation of rotenoids resin extracted from Derris elliptica roots by means of clarifying agents
Advances in Environmental Biology, 2014Co-Authors: Saiful Irwan Zubairi, Mohamad Roji Sarmidi, Ramlan Abdul AzizAbstract:Rotenone and its congeners have come into an increasingly widespread usage as the active constituents of a large number of insecticides. The roots of Derris elliptica or 'tuba' plant are used as a source of insecticidal compounds which primarily contain rotenone. The main objective of this work is to obtain the best combination of the main precipitator agent (aluminium sulfate: Al2(SO4)3) with 4 different types of co-precipitator to completely solidify rotenone from liquid crude extract. Rotenone was extracted from Derris elliptica root using two solvent systems: (1) methanol 95% (v/v), and (2) a mixture of methanol and H2O (8:2). After the extraction, the precipitation process was carried out using Al2(SO4)3 (1.5M) with the addition of co-precipitator (clarifying agents) such as calcium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium caseinate and kieselguhr (diatomaceous earth) with a concentration of 1M to 3M. The result has shown that natrium caseinate was the best co-precipitator with the highest yield of 38.65% (w/w) at the highest concentration of 3M. None of the rotenone was detected in the supernatant to indicate that all rotenone content have been precipitated adequately. Finally, the presence of rotenone was confirmed by using qualitative analysis of thin layer chromatography (TLC) method.