The Experts below are selected from a list of 37245 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Xiaowei Zhuang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
fluorescence imaging at sub Diffraction Limit resolution with stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy
Handbook of Single-Molecule Biophysics, 2009Co-Authors: Graham T Dempsey, Wenqin Wang, Xiaowei ZhuangAbstract:Fluorescence microscopy is an essential tool in biological research. One major drawback of conventional light microscopy, however, is its relatively low resolution, which is Limited by the Diffraction of light to several hundreds of nanometers. In recent years, a number of fluorescence imaging techniques with sub-Diffraction-Limit resolution have been developed, achieving a spatial resolution of tens of nanometers in both the lateral and axial dimensions. This chapter focuses on one of these methods, stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM), which utilizes photoswitchable flourescent probes to separate spatially overlapping images of individual fluorophores in time and construct superresolution images from the precise positions of these fluorophores determined from the single-molecule images. Application of this technique has been extended to imaging fluorophores of different colors simultaneously, in three dimensions, and in living cells. This chapter describes the implementation of multicolor and three-dimensional STORM to imaging cellular structures. It begins by discussing the choice of photoswitchable fluorescent probe and the scheme with which to label a cellular target of interest. The instrumentation and methods for performing a STORM experiment are then described, followed by an outline of the analysis routines used for creating a STORM image. Applications of the technique along with general protocols and troubleshooting are given at the conclusion of the chapter.
-
sub Diffraction Limit imaging by stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy storm
Nature Methods, 2006Co-Authors: Michael J Rust, Mark Bates, Xiaowei ZhuangAbstract:We have developed a high-resolution fluorescence microscopy method based on high-accuracy localization of photoswitchable fluorophores. In each imaging cycle, only a fraction of the fluorophores were turned on, allowing their positions to be determined with nanometer accuracy. The fluorophore positions obtained from a series of imaging cycles were used to reconstruct the overall image. We demonstrated an imaging resolution of 20 nm. This technique can, in principle, reach molecular-scale resolution.
Xiang Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
photonics beyond Diffraction Limit plasmon waveguide cavities and integrated laser circuits
International Photonics and OptoElectronics Meetings (2014) paper JF1A.1, 2014Co-Authors: Xiang ZhangAbstract:I will discuss recent development in scaling down photonics. First I will present theoretical and experimental investigation of passive low loss waveguide using hybrid plasmon design. We propose a new optical cavity design approach using indefinite medium that has a drastically different scaling law than conventional microcavities, and discuss its experimental demonstrations. We will show an active plasmonic laser circuit that integrated with 5 tiny cavities that multiplexed into a single waveguide-an effort towards integrated photonics at nanoscale. Finally if time allow, I will discuss photonic spin hall effect that provides a new channel for photonic information transfer.
-
development of optical hyperlens for imaging below the Diffraction Limit
Optics Express, 2007Co-Authors: Yi Xiong, Xiang ZhangAbstract:We report here the design, fabrication and characterization of optical hyperlens that can image sub-Diffraction-Limited objects in the far field. The hyperlens is based on an artificial anisotropic metamaterial with carefully designed hyperbolic dispersion. We successfully designed and fabricated such a metamaterial hyperlens composed of curved silver/alumina multilayers. Experimental results demonstrate far-field imaging with resolution down to 125nm at 365nm working wavelength which is below the Diffraction Limit.
-
theory of the transmission properties of an optical far field superlens for imaging beyond the Diffraction Limit
Journal of The Optical Society of America B-optical Physics, 2006Co-Authors: Stephane Durant, Jennifer M Steele, Xiang ZhangAbstract:A conventional optical superlens for imaging beyond the Diffraction Limit produces images only in the near-field zone of the superlens. In contrast, an optical far-field superlens (FSL) device has a remarkable transmission property that leads to a one-to-one relationship between the far-field and the near-field angular spectra. This property makes the device suitable for imaging beyond the Diffraction Limit from far-field measurement. This specific FSL is composed of a properly designed periodically corrugated metallic slab-based superlens. Through the numerical design and parameter study, we show that the transmission property of this FSL is based on a specific strong-broadband wavenumber excitation of surface-plasmon polaritons supported by the nanostructured metallic grating.
-
realization of optical superlens imaging below the Diffraction Limit
New Journal of Physics, 2005Co-Authors: Yi Xiong, Nicholas X Fang, Werayut Srituravanich, Stephane Durant, Muralidhar Ambati, Xiang ZhangAbstract:Recently, the concept of superlensing has received considerable attention for its unique ability to produce images below the Diffraction Limit. The theoretical study has predicted a 'superlens' made of materials with negative permittivity and/or permeability, is capable of resolving features much smaller than the working wavelength and a near-perfect image can be obtained through the restoration of lost evanescent waves (Pendry 2000 Phys. Rev. Lett. 85 3966–9). We have already demonstrated that a 60 nm half-pitch object can indeed be resolved with λ0/6 resolution with the implementation of a silver superlens with λ0 = 365 nm illumination wavelength, which is well below the Diffraction Limit (Fang et al 2005 Science 308 534–7). In order to further support the imaging ability of our silver superlens, a two-dimensional arbitrary object with 40 nm line width was also imaged (Fang et al 2005 Science 308 534–7). In this paper, we present experimental and theoretical investigations of optical superlensing through a thin silver slab. Experimental design and procedures as well as theoretical studies are presented in detail. In addition, a new superlens imaging result is presented which shows the image of a 50 nm half-pitch object at λ0/7 resolution.
Jonathan P Dowling - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
super resolving quantum radar coherent state sources with homodyne detection suffice to beat the Diffraction Limit
Journal of Applied Physics, 2013Co-Authors: Kebei Jiang, Hwang Lee, Christopher C Gerry, Jonathan P DowlingAbstract:There has been much recent interest in quantum metrology for applications to sub-Raleigh ranging and remote sensing such as in quantum radar. For quantum radar, atmospheric absorption and Diffraction rapidly degrades any actively transmitted quantum states of light, such as N00N states, so that for this high-loss regime the optimal strategy is to transmit coherent states of light, which suffer no worse loss than the linear Beer's law for classical radar attenuation, and which provide sensitivity at the shot-noise Limit in the returned power. We show that coherent radar radiation sources, coupled with a quantum homodyne detection scheme, provide both longitudinal and angular super-resolution much below the Rayleigh Diffraction Limit, with sensitivity at shot-noise in terms of the detected photon power. Our approach provides a template for the development of a complete super-resolving quantum radar system with currently available technology.
-
super resolving quantum radar coherent state sources with homodyne detection suffice to beat the Diffraction Limit
The Rochester Conferences on Coherence and Quantum Optics and the Quantum Information and Measurement meeting (2013) paper M6.49, 2013Co-Authors: Kebei Jiang, Hwang Lee, Christopher C Gerry, Jonathan P DowlingAbstract:We show that coherent radar radiation sources, coupled with a quantum homodyne detection scheme, provide both longitudinal and angular super-resolution much below the Rayleigh Diffraction Limit, with sensitivity at the shot-noise Limit.
-
quantum interferometric lithography exploiting entanglement to beat the Diffraction Limit
Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference, 2000Co-Authors: A N Boto, Danial S Abrams, Colin P Williams, Jonathan P DowlingAbstract:Summary form only given. It has been known for some time that entangled photon pairs, such as generated by spontaneous parametric down conversion, have unusual imaging characteristics with sub-shot-noise interferometric phase measurement. In fact, Fonseca, et al., recently demonstrated resolution of a two-slit Diffraction patterned at half the Rayleigh Limit in a coincidence counting experiment. What we show is that this type of effect is possible not only in coincidence counting experiments, but also in real two-photon absorbing systems, such as those used in classical interferometric lithography. In particular, we will demonstrate that quantum entanglement is the resource that allows sub-Diffraction Limited lithography.
Xiangang Luo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
proximity correction and resolution enhancement of plasmonic lens lithography far beyond the near field Diffraction Limit
RSC Advances, 2017Co-Authors: Yunfei Luo, Ling Liu, Wei Zhang, Weijie Kong, Chengwei Zhao, Ping Gao, Zeyu Zhao, Changtao Wang, Xiangang LuoAbstract:Near-field optical imaging methods have been suffering from the issue of a near field Diffraction Limit, i.e. imaging resolution and fidelity depend strongly on the distance away from objects, which occurs due to the great decay effect of evanescent waves. Recently, plasmonic cavity lens with off-axis light illumination was proposed as a method for going beyond the near field Diffraction Limit for imaging dense nanoline patterns. In this paper, this investigation was further extended to more general cases for isolated and discrete line patterns, by enhancing the resolution and correcting the proximity effect with assistant peripheral groove structures. Experiment results demonstrate that the width of single, double and multiple line patterns is well controlled and the uniformity is significantly improved in lithography with a 365 nm light wavelength and 120 nm working distance, being approximately ten times the air distance defined by the near field Diffraction Limit. The methods are believed to find applications in nanolithography, high density optical storage, scanning probe microscopy and so forth.
-
going far beyond the near field Diffraction Limit via plasmonic cavity lens with high spatial frequency spectrum off axis illumination
Scientific Reports, 2015Co-Authors: Zeyu Zhao, Yunfei Luo, Wei Zhang, Chengwei Zhao, Ping Gao, Changtao Wang, Yanqin Wang, Na Yao, Xiangang LuoAbstract:For near-field imaging optics, minimum resolvable feature size is highly constrained by the near-field Diffraction Limit associated with the illumination light wavelength and the air distance between the imaging devices and objects. In this study, a plasmonic cavity lens composed of Ag-photoresist-Ag form incorporating high spatial frequency spectrum off-axis illumination (OAI) is proposed to realize deep subwavelength imaging far beyond the near-field Diffraction Limit. This approach benefits from the resonance effect of the plasmonic cavity lens and the wavevector shifting behavior via OAI, which remarkably enhances the object's subwavelength information and damps negative imaging contribution from the longitudinal electric field component in imaging region. Experimental images of well resolved 60-nm half-pitch patterns under 365-nm ultra-violet light are demonstrated at air distance of 80 nm between the mask patterns and plasmonic cavity lens, approximately four-fold longer than that in the conventional near-field lithography and superlens scheme. The ultimate air distance for the 60-nm half-pitch object could be theoretically extended to 120 nm. Moreover, two-dimensional L-shape patterns and deep subwavelength patterns are illustrated via simulations and experiments. This study promises the significant potential to make plasmonic lithography as a practical, cost-effective, simple and parallel nano-fabrication approach.
Brijesh Kumar Singh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
particle manipulation beyond the Diffraction Limit using structured super oscillating light beams
Light-Science & Applications, 2017Co-Authors: Harel Nagar, Brijesh Kumar Singh, Yael Roichman, Ady ArieAbstract:The Diffraction-Limited resolution of light focused by a lens was derived in 1873 by Ernst Abbe. Later in 1952, a method to reach sub-Diffraction light spots was proposed by modulating the wavefront of the focused beam. In a related development, super-oscillating functions, that is, band-Limited functions that locally oscillate faster than their highest Fourier component, were introduced and experimentally applied for super-resolution microscopy. Up till now, only simple Gaussian-like sub-Diffraction spots were used. Here we show that the amplitude and phase profile of these sub-Diffraction spots can be arbitrarily controlled. In particular, we utilize Hermite-Gauss, Laguerre-Gauss and Airy functions to structure super-oscillating beams with sub-Diffraction lobes. These structured beams are then used for high-resolution trapping and manipulation of nanometer-sized particles. The trapping potential provides unprecedented localization accuracy and stiffness, significantly exceeding those provided by standard Diffraction-Limited beams.
-
particle manipulation beyond the Diffraction Limit using structured super oscillating light beams
arXiv: Optics, 2016Co-Authors: Harel Nagar, Brijesh Kumar Singh, Yael Roichman, Ady ArieAbstract:The Diffraction Limited resolution of light focused by a lens was derived in 1873 by Ernst Abbe. Later in 1952, a method to reach sub-Diffraction light spots was proposed by modulating the wavefront of the focused beam. In a related development, super-oscillating functions, i.e. band Limited functions that locally oscillate faster than their highest Fourier component, were introduced and experimentally applied for super-resolution microscopy. Up till now, only simple Gaussian-like sub-Diffraction spots were used. Here we show that the amplitude and phase profile of these sub-Diffraction spots can be arbitrarily controlled. In particular we utilize Hermite-Gauss, Laguerre-Gauss and Airy functions to structure super-oscillating beams with sub-Diffraction lobes. These structured beams are then used for high resolution trapping and manipulation of nanometer-sized particles. The trapping potential provides unprecedented localization accuracy and stiffness, significantly exceeding those provided by standard Diffraction Limited beams.
