The Experts below are selected from a list of 7020 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
C Von Hunolstein - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Reactogenicity and immunogenicity of adult versus paediatric Diphtheria and Tetanus booster dose at 6 years of age.
Vaccine, 2001Co-Authors: M L Ciofi Degli Atti, S Salmaso, B Cotter, G Gallo, G Alfarone, A Pinto, A Bella, C Von HunolsteinAbstract:We evaluated the reactogenicity and immunogenicity of a booster dose of Diphtheria-Tetanus Vaccine administered at the age of school-entry, comparing a low-dose Vaccine (dT) to the standard paediatric dose (DT). Participants were randomly assigned to receive one of the two Vaccines; the study was evaluator-blinded. The frequency of side-reactions was similar when comparing the two groups, except when considering local redness and swelling, which were significantly more frequent among the DT group. The post-booster geometric mean titre of Diphtheria antibodies in the DT group was twice as high as that in the dT group (14.1 IU/ml versus 7.7 IU/ml; P
-
Reactogenicity and immunogenicity of adult versus paediatric Diphtheria and Tetanus booster dose at 6 years of age
Vaccine, 2001Co-Authors: M L Ciofi Degli Atti, S Salmaso, B Cotter, G Gallo, G Alfarone, A Pinto, A Bella, C Von HunolsteinAbstract:We evaluated the reactogenicity and immunogenicity of a booster dose of Diphtheria-Tetanus Vaccine administered at the age of school-entry, comparing a low-dose Vaccine (dT) to the standard paediatric dose (DT). Participants were randomly assigned to receive one of the two Vaccines; the study was evaluator-blinded. The frequency of side-reactions was similar when comparing the two groups, except when considering local redness and swelling, which were significantly more frequent among the DT group. The post-booster geometric mean titre of Diphtheria antibodies in the DT group was twice as high as that in the dT group (14.1 IU/ml versus 7.7IU/ml; P < 0.001). The higher antibody response and the comparable reactogenicity indicate that DT should be used as booster at school-entry, particularly if additional booster doses during adolescence or adulthood are not administered.
Elie-pierre Celestin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
The use of rapid coverage monitoring in the national rubella vaccination campaign, Haiti 2007-2008.
The Journal of infectious diseases, 2011Co-Authors: François Lacapère, Roc Magloire, M Carolina Danovaro-holliday, Brendan Flannery, Henriette Chamoulliet, Elie-pierre CelestinAbstract:Prior to introduction of rubella Vaccine in Haiti's national immunization program, the Haitian government conducted a nationwide rubella-measles immunization campaign targeting persons 1-19 years of age to accelerate elimination of rubella and congenital rubella syndrome, while strengthening measles elimination. The national immunization campaign was conducted in phases by geographic region and combined multiple interventions to reach high coverage in all districts. We analyzed reported data on number of doses administered and results of rapid monitoring by "commune" (district) to evaluate coverage for each Vaccine and intervention in target populations. We reviewed measles and rubella surveillance data from Haiti's national surveillance system. Immunization registers recorded 4.7 million doses of measles-rubella (MR) Vaccine administered to persons 1-19 years of age, reaching 80.2% of the estimated population of 1-4 year-olds and surpassing the target among 5-19 year-olds. In addition, 1 million children under 5 years of age received oral polio Vaccine and vitamin A supplements, 1.5 million school children received deworming treatment nationwide, and over 500000 women 15-49 years old in 2 major population centers received Diphtheria-Tetanus Vaccine. Based on administrative data, 102 (76.7%) of 133 communes attained 95% or greater coverage with MR Vaccine among persons 1-19 years of age. Rapid monitoring in 118 communes indicated that coverage targets were reached in 52.5%. From 2007 to 2010, no confirmed cases of measles or rubella were reported from Haiti. The experience in Haiti suggests that rubella and congenital rubella syndrome can be eliminated through mass vaccination in countries with weak national immunization programs. However, high routine immunization coverage and improved surveillance are urgently needed to maintain measles and rubella elimination.
-
The use of rapid coverage monitoring in the national rubella vaccination campaign, Haiti 2007-2008.
The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2011Co-Authors: François Lacapère, Roc Magloire, M Carolina Danovaro-holliday, Brendan Flannery, Henriette Chamoulliet, Elie-pierre CelestinAbstract:BACKGROUND Prior to introduction of rubella Vaccine in Haiti's national immunization program, the Haitian government conducted a nationwide rubella-measles immunization campaign targeting persons 1-19 years of age to accelerate elimination of rubella and congenital rubella syndrome, while strengthening measles elimination. The national immunization campaign was conducted in phases by geographic region and combined multiple interventions to reach high coverage in all districts. METHODS We analyzed reported data on number of doses administered and results of rapid monitoring by "commune" (district) to evaluate coverage for each Vaccine and intervention in target populations. We reviewed measles and rubella surveillance data from Haiti's national surveillance system. RESULTS Immunization registers recorded 4.7 million doses of measles-rubella (MR) Vaccine administered to persons 1-19 years of age, reaching 80.2% of the estimated population of 1-4 year-olds and surpassing the target among 5-19 year-olds. In addition, 1 million children under 5 years of age received oral polio Vaccine and vitamin A supplements, 1.5 million school children received deworming treatment nationwide, and over 500000 women 15-49 years old in 2 major population centers received Diphtheria-Tetanus Vaccine. Based on administrative data, 102 (76.7%) of 133 communes attained 95% or greater coverage with MR Vaccine among persons 1-19 years of age. Rapid monitoring in 118 communes indicated that coverage targets were reached in 52.5%. From 2007 to 2010, no confirmed cases of measles or rubella were reported from Haiti. CONCLUSIONS The experience in Haiti suggests that rubella and congenital rubella syndrome can be eliminated through mass vaccination in countries with weak national immunization programs. However, high routine immunization coverage and improved surveillance are urgently needed to maintain measles and rubella elimination.
Adam Finn - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Adverse effects and sero-responses to an acellular pertussis/Diphtheria/Tetanus Vaccine when combined with Haemophilus influenzae type b Vaccine in an accelerated schedule.
European journal of pediatrics, 1999Co-Authors: F Bell, Paul T. Heath, Jenny M. Maclennan, F Shackley, N Shearstone, Linda Diggle, C Thornton, H Griffiths, Er Moxon, Adam FinnAbstract:Acellular pertussis Vaccines provide protection against pertussis with few adverse effects. Differences in the reactogenicity and immunogenicity of available pertussis Vaccines may be influenced by the immunisation schedule employed. We assessed responses to an acellular pertussis, Diphtheria, Tetanus Vaccine mixed with Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) Vaccine, (PRP-T) given at age 2, 3 and 4 months. Parents kept a symptom diary for 3 days after each immunisation. Antibodies to Diphtheria, Tetanus, pertussis toxin and filamentous haemagglutinin were measured by enzyme immunoassay at 2 and 5 months. Results were compared with historical controls who received a combination whole-cell pertussis, Diphtheria, Tetanus/PRP-T Vaccine in the same schedule. A total of 262 infants were recruited, of whom 251 were fully evaluated after three doses of Vaccine. Systemic and most local reactions were less frequent following the acellular combination. Fever ≥38°C was reported after only 0.6% of doses. Redness or swelling ≥2.5 cm were unusual after the first two doses (2–5%), but rates rose to 13% after the third dose. Antibody responses to Diphtheria and Tetanus toxoids were lower, while those to pertussis antigens were higher, more uniform and less attenuated by pre-immunisation antibody than in infants who received the whole-cell combination. All infants achieved protective antibody titres of at least 0.1 IU/ml for Diphtheria and 0.01 IU/ml for Tetanus.
-
Adverse effects and sero-responses to an acellular pertussis/Diphtheria/Tetanus Vaccine when combined with Haemophilus influenzae type b Vaccine in an accelerated schedule
European Journal of Pediatrics, 1999Co-Authors: F Bell, F Shackley, N Shearstone, Linda Diggle, C Thornton, H Griffiths, Er Moxon, P. Heath, J. Maclennan, Adam FinnAbstract:Acellular pertussis Vaccines provide protection against pertussis with few adverse effects. Differences in the reactogenicity and immunogenicity of available pertussis Vaccines may be influenced by the immunisation schedule employed. We assessed responses to an acellular pertussis, Diphtheria, Tetanus Vaccine mixed with Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) Vaccine, (PRP-T) given at age 2, 3 and 4 months. Parents kept a symptom diary for 3 days after each immunisation. Antibodies to Diphtheria, Tetanus, pertussis toxin and filamentous haemagglutinin were measured by enzyme immunoassay at 2 and 5 months. Results were compared with historical controls who received a combination whole-cell pertussis, Diphtheria, Tetanus/PRP-T Vaccine in the same schedule. A total of 262 infants were recruited, of whom 251 were fully evaluated after three doses of Vaccine. Systemic and most local reactions were less frequent following the acellular combination. Fever ≥38°C was reported after only 0.6% of doses. Redness or swelling ≥2.5 cm were unusual after the first two doses (2–5%), but rates rose to 13% after the third dose. Antibody responses to Diphtheria and Tetanus toxoids were lower, while those to pertussis antigens were higher, more uniform and less attenuated by pre-immunisation antibody than in infants who received the whole-cell combination. All infants achieved protective antibody titres of at least 0.1 IU/ml for Diphtheria and 0.01 IU/ml for Tetanus. Conclusion The acellular combination Vaccine was immunogenic for Diphtheria, Tetanus and pertussis components and was associated with low rates of fever following immunisation.
-
effect of combination with an acellular pertussis Diphtheria Tetanus Vaccine on antibody response to hib Vaccine prp t
Vaccine, 1998Co-Authors: F Bell, Paul T. Heath, Jenny M. Maclennan, F Shackley, N Shearstone, Linda Diggle, H Griffiths, Richard E Moxon, Adam FinnAbstract:Acellular pertussis Vaccines provide protection against whooping cough with few adverse effects. Their introduction to routine immunisation programmes would be facilitated by their incorporation with other routinely administered Vaccines. 262 infants were immunised with an acellular pertussis Vaccine containing pertussis toxin and filamentous haemagglutinin, combined with Diphtheria and Tetanus toxoids. This Vaccine was mixed with Haemophilus influenzae type b Tetanus toxoid Vaccine (PRP-T) so that infants received a single injection at age 2, 3 and 4 months. One month after the third dose the geometric mean titre of Hib IgG antibody was 0.48 μg ml−1. Eighty-two percent of infants achieved a titre of 0.15 μg ml−1, with only 27% achieving 1.0 μg ml−1. This combination Vaccine induced low Hib antibody responses when compared to other studies in which PRP-T was mixed with acellular or whole-cell pertussis Vaccines. The combined Vaccine did, however, appear to prime a subset of 35 infants for response to a fourth dose of PRP-T at 13 months of age, with a rise in GMT from 0.21 μg ml−1 to 36.8 μg ml−1. These data have important implications for the introduction of combination acellular pertussis Vaccines.
François Lacapère - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
The use of rapid coverage monitoring in the national rubella vaccination campaign, Haiti 2007-2008.
The Journal of infectious diseases, 2011Co-Authors: François Lacapère, Roc Magloire, M Carolina Danovaro-holliday, Brendan Flannery, Henriette Chamoulliet, Elie-pierre CelestinAbstract:Prior to introduction of rubella Vaccine in Haiti's national immunization program, the Haitian government conducted a nationwide rubella-measles immunization campaign targeting persons 1-19 years of age to accelerate elimination of rubella and congenital rubella syndrome, while strengthening measles elimination. The national immunization campaign was conducted in phases by geographic region and combined multiple interventions to reach high coverage in all districts. We analyzed reported data on number of doses administered and results of rapid monitoring by "commune" (district) to evaluate coverage for each Vaccine and intervention in target populations. We reviewed measles and rubella surveillance data from Haiti's national surveillance system. Immunization registers recorded 4.7 million doses of measles-rubella (MR) Vaccine administered to persons 1-19 years of age, reaching 80.2% of the estimated population of 1-4 year-olds and surpassing the target among 5-19 year-olds. In addition, 1 million children under 5 years of age received oral polio Vaccine and vitamin A supplements, 1.5 million school children received deworming treatment nationwide, and over 500000 women 15-49 years old in 2 major population centers received Diphtheria-Tetanus Vaccine. Based on administrative data, 102 (76.7%) of 133 communes attained 95% or greater coverage with MR Vaccine among persons 1-19 years of age. Rapid monitoring in 118 communes indicated that coverage targets were reached in 52.5%. From 2007 to 2010, no confirmed cases of measles or rubella were reported from Haiti. The experience in Haiti suggests that rubella and congenital rubella syndrome can be eliminated through mass vaccination in countries with weak national immunization programs. However, high routine immunization coverage and improved surveillance are urgently needed to maintain measles and rubella elimination.
-
The use of rapid coverage monitoring in the national rubella vaccination campaign, Haiti 2007-2008.
The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2011Co-Authors: François Lacapère, Roc Magloire, M Carolina Danovaro-holliday, Brendan Flannery, Henriette Chamoulliet, Elie-pierre CelestinAbstract:BACKGROUND Prior to introduction of rubella Vaccine in Haiti's national immunization program, the Haitian government conducted a nationwide rubella-measles immunization campaign targeting persons 1-19 years of age to accelerate elimination of rubella and congenital rubella syndrome, while strengthening measles elimination. The national immunization campaign was conducted in phases by geographic region and combined multiple interventions to reach high coverage in all districts. METHODS We analyzed reported data on number of doses administered and results of rapid monitoring by "commune" (district) to evaluate coverage for each Vaccine and intervention in target populations. We reviewed measles and rubella surveillance data from Haiti's national surveillance system. RESULTS Immunization registers recorded 4.7 million doses of measles-rubella (MR) Vaccine administered to persons 1-19 years of age, reaching 80.2% of the estimated population of 1-4 year-olds and surpassing the target among 5-19 year-olds. In addition, 1 million children under 5 years of age received oral polio Vaccine and vitamin A supplements, 1.5 million school children received deworming treatment nationwide, and over 500000 women 15-49 years old in 2 major population centers received Diphtheria-Tetanus Vaccine. Based on administrative data, 102 (76.7%) of 133 communes attained 95% or greater coverage with MR Vaccine among persons 1-19 years of age. Rapid monitoring in 118 communes indicated that coverage targets were reached in 52.5%. From 2007 to 2010, no confirmed cases of measles or rubella were reported from Haiti. CONCLUSIONS The experience in Haiti suggests that rubella and congenital rubella syndrome can be eliminated through mass vaccination in countries with weak national immunization programs. However, high routine immunization coverage and improved surveillance are urgently needed to maintain measles and rubella elimination.
Gillian M. Keating - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Reduced-Antigen, Combined Diphtheria, Tetanus, and Acellular Pertussis Vaccine (Boostrix™)
BioDrugs, 2006Co-Authors: James E. Frampton, Gillian M. KeatingAbstract:Reduced-antigen, combined Diphtheria, Tetanus, and acellular pertactin-containing pertussis Vaccine (dTpa; Boostrix™) contains reduced quantities of the same toxoids/antigens found in a Diphtheria, Tetanus, and acellular pertussis Vaccine (DTPa; Infanrix™) used for the primary immunization series in children. A single dose of dTpa (Boostrix™) is indicated for booster vaccination against Diphtheria, Tetanus, and pertussis in individuals aged ≥4 years in Europe and Canada, in individuals aged ≥10 years in Australia, and in adolescents aged 10–18 years in the US. A single booster dose of dTpa (Boostrix™) was safe and highly immunogenic for all its component toxoids/antigens when administered to adults, adolescents (including those previously unvaccinated), and children aged ≥4 years in clinical trials conducted in various countries worldwide. It was also well tolerated, as was a second (repeat) dose administered to a small number of adolescents who had previously received the Vaccine as a preschool booster. Vaccinees generally reported a low incidence of severe/grade 3, solicited, local and general adverse events during the 1-month postvaccination period. Current recommendations for dTpa usage vary from country to country; they include one dose only in adolescence or adulthood (e.g. Australia, Canada, France, Switzerland, and the US), one dose at preschool age and one in adolescence (Germany), and one dose in adolescence followed by regular (10-year) doses during adulthood (Austria). Available data support the use of dTpa (Boostrix™) in place of the combined Diphtheria, Tetanus, whole-cell pertussis Vaccine (DTwP) or DTPa booster dose in preschool children and/or the reduced-antigen, combined Diphtheria, Tetanus Vaccine (Td) booster dose in adolescents, as well as in place of a regular Td booster dose in adults who have not previously received the Vaccine. Immunogenicity Each 0.5mL dose of dTpa (Boostrix™) contains 2.5 limits of flocculation (Lf) of Diphtheria toxoid, 5Lf of Tetanus toxoid, 8μg of pertussis toxoid (PT), 8μg of filamentous haemagglutinin (FHA), and 2.5μg of pertactin (PRN). Numerous studies in preschool and older children, as well as in adolescents and adults, have demonstrated that a single dose of dTpa (Boostrix™), administered by deep intramuscular injection, is highly immunogenic for all its component toxoids and antigens, regardless of subjects’ prior vaccination history and pre-vaccination serologic status. One month after administration of the Vaccine, ≥88.4% and ≥96.7% of subjects had seroprotective titers (≥0.1 IU/mL by ELISA and/or ≥0.016 IU/mL by Vero cell assay) of anti-Diphtheria toxoid (anti-D) and anti-Tetanus toxoid (anti-T) antibodies, respectively; ≥90.2%, ≥99.3%, and ≥96.3% of subjects had seropositive levels (≥5 ELISA U/mL) of anti-PT, anti-FHA, and anti-PRN antibodies, respectively. A single dose of dTpa (Boostrix™) was also immunogenic when administered to previously unvaccinated adolescents with no history of pertussis and low anti-PT antibody levels. Most differences in antibody responses to Diphtheria and Tetanus toxoids, as well as those to pertussis antigens, were not statistically and/or clinically significant when dTpa (Boostrix™) formulations containing 0.5mg adjuvant aluminum (as per the non-US formulation) and 0.3mg adjuvant aluminum (as per the US-only formulation) were directly compared in adolescents. The immunogenicity 1 month postvaccination of a single dose of dTpa (Boostrix™) was similar to that of a fifth dose of DTwP or DTPa (Infanrix™) in preschool children, and similar to that of a single dose of another dTpa Vaccine (Adacel™) in adolescents who had previously received three doses of DTwP and a booster dose of combined Diphtheria and Tetanus-containing Vaccine. Likewise, the immunogenicity of dTpa (Boostrix™) in adolescents and adults was similar to that of its acellular pertussis (ap) component in terms of anti-pertussis antibody responses, and similar to that of several Td booster Vaccines (each containing slightly different amounts of Diphtheria and Tetanus toxoids) in terms of anti-D and anti-T seroprotection rates. dTpa (Boostrix™) met the predefined criteria for non-inferiority to Td based on seroprotection and booster response rates to Diphtheria and Tetanus toxoids in a large study of >4100 US adolescents. Long-term persistence of seroprotective titers of anti-D and anti-T antibodies and of seropositive levels of all three anti-pertussis antibodies has been observed ≥3 years after administration of dTpa (Boostrix™) in preschool children, adolescents, and adults. The protective efficacy of dTpa (Boostrix™) has not been evaluated, although postvaccination anti-pertussis antibody geometric mean concentrations in the large study in US adolescents were non-inferior to and, moreover, numerically higher than those previously proven to be effective in infants who completed a three-dose primary vaccination course with DTPa (Infanrix™). The ap component of dTpa (Boostrix™) demonstrated an overall Vaccine efficacy of 92% in a large, well designed trial in adolescents and adults. A single dose of dTpa (Boostrix™) was non-inferior to a monovalent Tetanus toxoid Vaccine with respect to providing Tetanus prophylaxis in the context of emergency room, Tetanus-prone wound management. Reactogenicity A single 0.5mL dose of dTpa (Boostrix™; US or non-US formulation) administered to children, adolescents, and adults was shown to be safe and well tolerated in clinical trials. The tolerability of dTpa (Boostrix™) in terms of solicited local reactions (pain, redness, and swelling at the injection site) and general adverse events (fatigue, gastrointestinal symptoms, headache, and fever) was largely similar across all three age groups, and characterized by a generally low incidence of grade 3/severe symptoms. The majority of solicited symptoms occurred within 48–72 hours of vaccination with dTpa (Boostrix™), and were of mild intensity and short duration; all resolved spontaneously within the 15-day postvaccination period without sequelae. The incidence of large injection site swelling (LISS) was generally very low (
-
Reduced-antigen, combined Diphtheria, Tetanus, and acellular pertussis Vaccine (Boostrix): a review of its use as a single-dose booster immunization.
BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy, 2006Co-Authors: James E. Frampton, Gillian M. KeatingAbstract:Abstract Reduced-antigen, combined Diphtheria, Tetanus, and acellular pertactin-containing pertussis Vaccine (dTpa; Boostrix™) contains reduced quantities of the same toxoids/antigens found in a Diphtheria, Tetanus, and acellular pertussis Vaccine (DTPa; Infanrix™) used for the primary immunization series in children. A single dose of dTpa (Boostrix™) is indicated for booster vaccination against Diphtheria, Tetanus, and pertussis in individuals aged ≥4 years in Europe and Canada, in individuals aged ≥10 years in Australia, and in adolescents aged 10–18 years in the US. A single booster dose of dTpa (Boostrix™) was safe and highly immunogenic for all its component toxoids/antigens when administered to adults, adolescents (including those previously unvaccinated), and children aged ≥4 years in clinical trials conducted in various countries worldwide. It was also well tolerated, as was a second (repeat) dose administered to a small number of adolescents who had previously received the Vaccine as a preschool booster. Vaccinees generally reported a low incidence of severe/grade 3, solicited, local and general adverse events during the 1-month postvaccination period. Current recommendations for dTpa usage vary from country to country; they include one dose only in adolescence or adulthood (e.g. Australia, Canada, France, Switzerland, and the US), one dose at preschool age and one in adolescence (Germany), and one dose in adolescence followed by regular (10-year) doses during adulthood (Austria). Available data support the use of dTpa (Boostrix™) in place of the combined Diphtheria, Tetanus, whole-cell pertussis Vaccine (DTwP) or DTPa booster dose in preschool children and/or the reduced-antigen, combined Diphtheria, Tetanus Vaccine (Td) booster dose in adolescents, as well as in place of a regular Td booster dose in adults who have not previously received the Vaccine.