The Experts below are selected from a list of 119733 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Michael W. Kraus - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Misperception of Racial Economic Inequality.
Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science, 2019Co-Authors: Michael W. Kraus, Ivuoma Ngozi Onyeador, Natalie M Daumeyer, Julian M. Rucker, Jennifer RichesonAbstract:Racial Economic Inequality is a foundational feature of the United States, yet many Americans appear oblivious to it. In the present work we consider the psychology underlying this collective willf...
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The Misperception of Racial Economic Inequality
2019Co-Authors: Michael W. Kraus, Ivuoma Ngozi Onyeador, Natalie M Daumeyer, Julian Rucker, Jennifer RichesonAbstract:Racial Economic Inequality is a foundational feature of the United States, yet many Americans appear oblivious to it. The present work considers the psychology underlying this collective willful ignorance. Drawing on prior research and new evidence from a nationally representative sample of adults (N = 1,008), we offer compelling evidence that Americans vastly underestimate racial Economic Inequality, especially the racial wealth gap. In particular, respondents thought that the Black-White wealth gap was smaller, by around 40 percentage points in 1963 and around 80 percentage points in 2016, than its actual size. We then consider the motivational, cognitive, and structural factors that are likely to contribute to these misperceptions and suggest directions for future research to test these ideas. Importantly, we highlight the implications of our collective ignorance of racial Economic Inequality, the challenge of creating greater accuracy in perceptions of these racial Economic disparities, as well as outline the steps policymakers might take to create messages on this topic that effectively promote equity-enhancing policies. We close with an appeal to psychological science to at least consider, if not center, the racial patterning of these profound Economic gaps.
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signs of social class the experience of Economic Inequality in everyday life
Perspectives on Psychological Science, 2017Co-Authors: Michael W. Kraus, Jun Won Park, Jacinth J X TanAbstract:By some accounts, global Economic Inequality is at its highest point on record. The pernicious effects of this broad societal trend are striking: Rising Inequality is linked to poorer health and well-being across countries, continents, and cultures. The Economic and psychological forces that perpetuate Inequality continue to be studied, and in this theoretical review, we examine the role of daily experiences of Economic Inequality-the communication of social class signals between interaction partners-in this process. We theorize that social class signals activate social comparison processes that strengthen group boundaries between the haves and have nots in society. In particular, we argue that class signals are a frequent, rapid, and accurate component of person perception, and we provide new data and analyses demonstrating the accuracy of class signaling in 60-s interactions, Facebook photographs, and isolated recordings of brief speech. We suggest that barriers to the reduction of Economic Inequality in society arise directly from this class signaling process through the augmentation of class boundaries and the elicitation of beliefs and behaviors that favor the Economic status quo.
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Noblesse oblige? Social status and Economic Inequality maintenance among politicians
PLoS ONE, 2014Co-Authors: Michael W. Kraus, Bennett CallaghanAbstract:Economic Inequality is at historically high levels in the United States and is among the most pressing issues facing society. And yet, predicting the behavior of politicians with respect to their support of Economic Inequality remains a significant challenge. Given that high status individuals tend to conceive of the current structure of society as fair and just, we expected that high status members of the U.S. House of Representatives would be more likely to support Economic Inequality in their legislative behavior than would their low status counterparts. Results supported this prediction particularly among Democratic members of Congress: Whereas Republicans tended to support legislation increasing Economic Inequality regardless of their social status, the social status of Democrats - measured in terms of average wealth, race, or gender - was a significant predictor of support for Economic Inequality. Policy implications of the observed relationship between social status and support for Economic Inequality are considered.
Frederick Solt - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Economic Inequality and nonviolent protest
Social Science Quarterly, 2015Co-Authors: Frederick SoltAbstract:type="main"> Despite substantial theorizing, the relationship between Economic Inequality and participation in nonviolent protests has not been satisfactorily examined empirically. Using multilevel models of data from four waves of the European Social Survey, this article examines whether differences in Inequality across countries and over time help explain people's engagement in peaceful protest. It finds that greater Inequality reduces protest participation for all those with incomes below the top quintile. This result provides strong support for the relative power theory of political participation; the predictions of grievance and resource theories regarding Inequality's effects on protest are not supported.
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Diversionary Nationalism: Economic Inequality and the Formation of National Pride
The Journal of Politics, 2011Co-Authors: Frederick SoltAbstract:What accounts for differences in the extent of nationalist sentiments across countries and over time? One prominent argument is that greater Economic Inequality prompts states to generate more nationalism as a diversion that discourages their citizens from recognizing Economic Inequality and mobilizing against it. Several other theories, however, propose different relationships between Economic Inequality and nationalism. This article provides a first empirical test of whether and how Economic Inequality is related to nationalism. Multilevel analyses using survey data on nationalist sentiments in countries around the world over a quarter century and data on Economic Inequality from the Standardized World Income Inequality Database provide powerful support for the diversionary theory of nationalism. This finding is an important contribution to our understanding of nationalism as well as of the political consequences of Economic Inequality.
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Economic Inequality relative power and religiosity
Social Science Quarterly, 2011Co-Authors: Frederick Solt, Philip Habel, Tobin J GrantAbstract:Objective. What effect does the extent of Economic Inequality within a country have on the religiosity of the people who live there? As Inequality increases, does religion serve primarily as a source of comfort for the deprived and impoverished or as a tool of social control for the rich and powerful? Methods. This article examines these questions with two complementary analyses of Inequality and religiosity: a multilevel analysis of countries around the world over two decades and a time-series analysis of the United States over a half-century. Results. Economic Inequality has a strong positive effect on the religiosity of all members of a society regardless of income. Conclusions. These results support relative power theory, which maintains that greater Inequality yields more religiosity by increasing the degree to which wealthy people are attracted to religion and have the power to shape the attitudes and beliefs of those with fewer means.
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Economic Inequality and democratic political engagement
American Journal of Political Science, 2008Co-Authors: Frederick SoltAbstract:Since Aristotle, who observed that great Economic Inequality leads the wealthy to seek a share of power matching their share of resources and so to subvert democratic government, scholars of politics have theorized that the proper functioning of a democracy depends on a relatively equal distribution of Economic resources. Inequality, though, has been rising in the nearly all of the worlds rich and upper-middle-income democracies since the at least the mid-1980s, and in many countries this trend began in the early 1970s. Examining individual behavior in twenty-four countries at multiple points in time, this paper investigates whether increases in Economic Inequality have had a negative effect on the functioning of democracy, focusing specifically on citizens political engagement. It finds that contexts of greater income Inequality reduce interest in politics, views of government responsiveness, and participation in elections.
Jacinth J X Tan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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signs of social class the experience of Economic Inequality in everyday life
Perspectives on Psychological Science, 2017Co-Authors: Michael W. Kraus, Jun Won Park, Jacinth J X TanAbstract:By some accounts, global Economic Inequality is at its highest point on record. The pernicious effects of this broad societal trend are striking: Rising Inequality is linked to poorer health and well-being across countries, continents, and cultures. The Economic and psychological forces that perpetuate Inequality continue to be studied, and in this theoretical review, we examine the role of daily experiences of Economic Inequality-the communication of social class signals between interaction partners-in this process. We theorize that social class signals activate social comparison processes that strengthen group boundaries between the haves and have nots in society. In particular, we argue that class signals are a frequent, rapid, and accurate component of person perception, and we provide new data and analyses demonstrating the accuracy of class signaling in 60-s interactions, Facebook photographs, and isolated recordings of brief speech. We suggest that barriers to the reduction of Economic Inequality in society arise directly from this class signaling process through the augmentation of class boundaries and the elicitation of beliefs and behaviors that favor the Economic status quo.
Joan Esteban - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Social Groups and Economic Inequality
The Journal of Economic Inequality, 2005Co-Authors: Christopher B. Barrett, Joan EstebanAbstract:This article is the guest editors' introduction to a special issue of the Journal of Economic Inequality.
Sun Dong-qi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Space-time Analysis on the Regional Economic Inequality and Polarization in China
Economic Geography, 2013Co-Authors: Sun Dong-qiAbstract:On the basis of reviewing domestic and international regional Economic Inequality and polarization related research progress,this paper employs a series of foreign mathematical formulae of Inequality coefficient and polarization index,and uses the prefecture-level administrative regions as study units,and 11 consecutive years(from 2000 to 2010) as a research period to quantitatively analyze the evolution process and pattern of regional Economic Inequality and polarization in China.The results show that the overall trend of nationwide regional Inequality and polarization is basically the same in recent ten years,which shows the fluctuation trend.From the view of evolution pattern,the Eastern region Economic Inequality and polarization are more significant than other regions,the Western region Economic Inequality and polarization are increasing more rapidly,the Northeastern region Economic Inequality and polarization are showing a constant downward trend,and the central region Economic Inequality and polarization are lower than the nationwide and other three regions,but showing a gradually expanding trend.From the view of province area,most provincial internal Inequality and polarization change in positive correlation.
