The Experts below are selected from a list of 12 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
M. J. Cullen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Myopathic changes in indirectly stimulated mouse diaphragm after Ecothiopate in vitro.
International journal of experimental pathology, 1991Co-Authors: C.b. Ferry, M. J. CullenAbstract:Mouse phrenic nerve-hemidiaphragms were stimulated in vitro in the presence of the anticholinesterase Ecothiopate Iodide and prepared for light and electron microscopy at different times during and after the appearance of prolonged contractions localized at the endplate. The earliest changes were at the subsynapse, without damage to the plasma membrane, and comprised hypercontraction of the sarcomeres, dilatation and vesiculation of the sarcoplasmic reticulum and the mitochondria, and dissolution of the Z-lines. Later there was damage to the plasma membrane. Also appearing later in the junctional region, but separated from the subsynapse by apparently normal muscle, were extrasynaptic hypercontractions, with a plasma membrane initially undamaged, but which became permeable after the contractile material divided into contraction clots. A hypothesis is proposed for the formation of such hypercontractions by abnormal mechanical factors arising from different contractile states along the length of the fibre, and is discussed with the role of prolonged transmitter action in the aetiology of myopathy.
C.b. Ferry - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Myopathic changes in indirectly stimulated mouse diaphragm after Ecothiopate in vitro.
International journal of experimental pathology, 1991Co-Authors: C.b. Ferry, M. J. CullenAbstract:Mouse phrenic nerve-hemidiaphragms were stimulated in vitro in the presence of the anticholinesterase Ecothiopate Iodide and prepared for light and electron microscopy at different times during and after the appearance of prolonged contractions localized at the endplate. The earliest changes were at the subsynapse, without damage to the plasma membrane, and comprised hypercontraction of the sarcomeres, dilatation and vesiculation of the sarcoplasmic reticulum and the mitochondria, and dissolution of the Z-lines. Later there was damage to the plasma membrane. Also appearing later in the junctional region, but separated from the subsynapse by apparently normal muscle, were extrasynaptic hypercontractions, with a plasma membrane initially undamaged, but which became permeable after the contractile material divided into contraction clots. A hypothesis is proposed for the formation of such hypercontractions by abnormal mechanical factors arising from different contractile states along the length of the fibre, and is discussed with the role of prolonged transmitter action in the aetiology of myopathy.
Thomas Gesztes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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PROLONGED APNOEA AFTER SUXAMETHONIUM INJECTION ASSOCIATED WITH EYE DROPS CONTAINING AN ANTICHOLINESTERASE AGENT
2016Co-Authors: Thomas GesztesAbstract:Eye drops containing Ecothiopate Iodide, a potent anticholinesterase, produced symptoms simulating intestinal obstruction and prolonged the neuromuscular action of suxamethonium. The side effects of some drugs may simulate clinical conditions unrelated to the patient's origi-nal disease. In the following case it escaped our attention that a patient admitted as an abdominal emergency was receiving eye drops containing Ecothiopate Iodide (Phospholine Iodide), a strong anticholinesterase agent, because of glau-coma, and that the abdominal symptoms could have been caused by these eye drops. Previous knowledge about the eye drops and their strong anticholinesterase property would have saved the patient from surgical intervention and fro
Bamforth, John P. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The effects of persistent articholinesterase action at the neuromuscular junction
1Co-Authors: Bamforth, John P.Abstract:The effects of organophosphorus compounds which form a rapidly-ageing complex with acetylcholinesterase (AChE) (e.g. pinacolyl S-(2- trimethylaminoethyl)methylphosphonothioate (BOS)) and hence exert a persistent anticholinesterase (anti-ChE) action have been compared with other compounds with a shorter time course of inhibition (e.g. Ecothiopate Iodide (ECO)). Although the inhibition of AChE produced by BOS lasted longer than that seen with ECO, the time course of the myopathy appeared very similar. BOS also possessed a number of properties which have been seen with other anti-ChEs. BOS and ECO produced significant increases in neuromuscular "jitter" 5 days after injection, not only in the diaphragm but also in the soleus and extensor digitorum longus muscles. Increases in "jitter" produced by ECO could be prevented by pyridostigmine prophylaxis or rapid treatment with pyridine-2- aldoxime methIodide. Some protection from the BOS-induced increases in "jitter" could be gained by repeated treatment with pyridine-2-aldoxime methIodide, an effect which could not be accounted for simply by enzyme reactivation. From experiments performed in Rej 129 mice it was determined that increases in "jitter", although demonstrated in some dystrophic muscles, could not be used as an early diagnostic tool. Because sequalae of inhibition were present some time after intoxication, by which time AChE appeared biochemically normal, experiments were performed to investigate inactivation of physiologically important AChE. The time course of extracellular MEPPs was utilised as an indicator of physiologically important AChE and compared with the AChE activity measured by the technique of Ellman et al. (1961). It was concluded that the degree of persistence of anti-ChE action was unimportant for the induction of myopathy with a time course of 3-24 hours, but had some importance in events of longer duration
Alan A. Mcnab - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Lacrimal canalicular obstruction associated with topical ocular medication.
Australian and New Zealand journal of ophthalmology, 1998Co-Authors: Alan A. McnabAbstract:Purpose: To describe the association between the use of various types of topical ocular medications and acquired lacrimal canalicular obstruction in 14 patients. Methods: The records of all patients in the author's practice with either lacrimal canalicular or punctal occlusion associated with the use of topical ocular medication were reviewed. Results: Fourteen cases were identified. The obstructions occurred at any point from the punctum to the common canaliculus, but most commonly occurred 2–5 mm from the lacrimal punctum. There was an association with various degrees of clinically apparent subconjunctival scaring maximal at the inner canthus, rarely to a severe degree, with symblepharon, medial canthal keratinization and cicatricial medial entropion. In some cases, no subconjunctival scarring could be clinically detected. Topical medications used were often multiple and included prednisolone acetate/phenylephrine hydrochloride (n= 5), timolol maleate (n= 5), pilocarpine (n= 3), dipivefrine hydrochloride or adrenaline (n= 3), chloramphenicol (n= 3), tobramycin (n= 3), indomethacin (n= 2), Ecothiopate Iodide (n= 1), betaxolol (n= 1), dexamethasone (n= 1), tropicamide (n= 1) and the long-term use of naphazoline and various artificial tear preparations (n= 1). The duration of exposure ranged from 3 weeks to 20 years, with seven patients having used drops for 3–6 weeks. Seven patients had surgical repair, three by dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) and glass by-pass tube (all successful), three by canalicular repairs (one failed) and one by DCR and canalicular repair that restenosed at the puncta, who then had successful punctoplasty and silicone intubation. Conclusions: Lacrimal canalicular obstruction may occur after relatively short-term exposure to topical ocular medications or as part of a more widespread cicatricial reaction in patients on long-term medication. While a direct causal relationship cannot be confirmed, there appears to be a strong association and the site of the obstructions makes other causes unlikely.
