The Experts below are selected from a list of 78249 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Chong K Yip - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Educational Choice rural urban migration and economic development
Economic Theory, 2021Co-Authors: Peiju Liao, Ping Wang, Yinchi Wang, Chong K YipAbstract:We develop an overlapping-generations framework of education-based migration that takes place prior to labor-market participation and explore its role for economic development, urbanization and workforce composition. We show that education-based and work-based migration are substitutes and the equilibrium outcome depends crucially on children’s talent distribution, college costs and selectiveness, urban job opportunities, and migration barriers. We establish conflicting partial- and general-equilibrium effects at work for comparative statics, and examine their locational as well as macroeconomic implications for assessing education and migration policies. Applying our model to fit the data from China over 1980–2007, we find that, although education-based migration only amounts to one-fifth of that of work-based migration, it contributes more to per capita output growth than work-based migration owing to its high-skilled nature. Moreover, the abolishment of education-based migration policy and the relaxation of the work-based migration are found to have limited effects on per capita output and urbanization.
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Educational Choice rural urban migration and economic development
Research Papers in Economics, 2017Co-Authors: Peiju Liao, Ping Wang, Yinchi Wang, Chong K YipAbstract:Observing rapid structural transformation accompanied by a continual process of rural to urban migration in many developing countries, we construct a micro founded dynamic framework to explore how important education-based migration is, as opposed to work-based migration, for economic development, urbanization and city workforce composition. We then calibrate our model to fit the data from China over the period from 1980 to 2007, a developing economy featuring not only large migration flows but major institutional reforms that may affect work and education based migration differently. We find that, although education-based migration only amounts to one-fifth of that of work-based migration, its contribution to the enhancement of per capita output is larger than that of work-based migration. Moreover, the abolishment of the government job assignment for college graduates and the relaxation of the work-based migration have limited effects on economic development and urbanization. Furthermore, the increase in college admission selectivity for rural students plays a crucial but negative role in China's development, lowering per capita output and worsening the high-skilled employment share in urban areas.
Annette Alstadsaeter - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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income tax consumption value of education and the Choice of Educational type
Social Science Research Network, 2003Co-Authors: Annette AlstadsaeterAbstract:How the tax system might affect the individual’s Educational level is well studied. But the question of how the tax system affects the individual’s Choice of Educational type is mostly ignored. This is an important issue, since the Educational Choice of today’s young generation determines the skill composition of tomorrow’s labor force and hence the future production possibilities of the country. This paper studies the problem in a partial model. A progressive tax system might in fact introduce distortions in the individuals’s Educational Choice and induce him to choose more of the Educational type with the higher consumption value. If he also puts more weight on the present than on the future, this effect is strengthened further. JEL-classifications: H25; I21; I29.
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income tax consumption value of education and the Choice of Educational type
Research Papers in Economics, 2003Co-Authors: Annette AlstadsaeterAbstract:How the tax system might affect the individual’s Educational level is well studied. But the question of how the tax system affects the individual’s Choice of Educational type is mostly ignored. This is an important issue, since the Educational Choice of today’s young generation determines the skill composition of tomorrow’s labor force and hence the future production possibilities of the country. This paper studies the problem in a partial model. A progressive tax system might in fact introduce distortions in the individuals’s Educational Choice and induce him to choose more of the Educational type with the higher consumption value. If he also puts more weight on the present than on the future, this effect is strengthened further.
Bart H H Golsteyn - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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does expert advice improve Educational Choice
PLOS ONE, 2015Co-Authors: Lex Borghans, Bart H H Golsteyn, Anders StenbergAbstract:This paper reports evidence that an individual meeting with a study counselor at high school significantly improves the quality of Choice of tertiary Educational field, as self-assessed 18 months after graduation from college. To address endogeneity, we explore the variation in study counseling practices between schools as an instrumental variable (IV). Following careful scrutiny of the validity of the IV, our results indicate a significant and positive influence of study counseling on the quality of Educational Choice, foremost among males and those with low educated parents. The overall result is stable across a number of robustness checks.
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does expert advice improve Educational Choice
Social Science Research Network, 2013Co-Authors: Lex Borghans, Bart H H Golsteyn, Anders StenbergAbstract:This paper reports evidence that an individual meeting with a study counselor at high school significantly improves the quality of Choice of tertiary Educational field, as self-assessed 18 months after graduation from college. The results are strongest among males and those with low educated parents. To address endogeneity, we explore the variation in study counseling practices between schools. Tentative analyses also indicate that counselors reduce students' uncertainty about their own individual preferences at least to the same extent as uncertainty about objective measures such as employment prospects.
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modernising vocational education and training the importance of information advice and guidance over the life cycle
2009Co-Authors: Lex Borghans, Bart H H GolsteynAbstract:To understand information, advice and guidance (IAG) in a lifelong learning perspective it is crucial to consider the reasons why people tend to spread learning over their life span. We propose that there are three main reasons for adult learning: (a) skills with a high level of depreciation might require regular updating; (b) economic or technological shocks in the labour market can make it necessary to reinvest in other skills; (c) people might want to repair previous inadequate Choices in initial or post-initial education. We show that a large share of participation in education among adults can be related to misguided Choices in initial education. We find that approximately 20 % of young graduates regret their Choice of Educational field. Many go back to school later to repair their inadequate Educational Choice. In addition, most people who acquire a qualification at a later age would – looking back at their career – have preferred to have done it when they were young. There are substantial costs involved with learning at a later age if this is related to misguided Choices: estimates show losses ranging from 3.2 % of GDP in France to 11.5 % in Italy. These losses pinpoint the need for early guidance. We give evidence that IAG can reduce misguided Choices. In sum, the findings show the very important role of IAG in lifelong learning as accurate IAG early in life reduces the amount of lifelong learning. Once at work, people learn mainly by doing: 94 % of the time spent on learning is by performing tasks on the job. Learning at the workplace is highly integrated with actual work practice, and requirements thus become more specific. Consequently, learning depends on the ability of people to identify learning opportunities that occur in their daily work practice. In addition, regarding training courses, about 17 % of respondents regret the topic of training and 50 % indicate that in retrospect they would have preferred to participate in these courses earlier. This suggests that people frequently realise rather late that a certain course might be very useful to them. The Eurobarometer 59.0 (January-February 2003) shows that many people feel that they need good quality information and tailored advice to take up studies or training again. We provide evidence that mentoring or other IAG increase the adequacy of the Choice of training or working tasks and are a useful instrument to invest in timely training.
Lex Borghans - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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does expert advice improve Educational Choice
PLOS ONE, 2015Co-Authors: Lex Borghans, Bart H H Golsteyn, Anders StenbergAbstract:This paper reports evidence that an individual meeting with a study counselor at high school significantly improves the quality of Choice of tertiary Educational field, as self-assessed 18 months after graduation from college. To address endogeneity, we explore the variation in study counseling practices between schools as an instrumental variable (IV). Following careful scrutiny of the validity of the IV, our results indicate a significant and positive influence of study counseling on the quality of Educational Choice, foremost among males and those with low educated parents. The overall result is stable across a number of robustness checks.
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does expert advice improve Educational Choice
Social Science Research Network, 2013Co-Authors: Lex Borghans, Bart H H Golsteyn, Anders StenbergAbstract:This paper reports evidence that an individual meeting with a study counselor at high school significantly improves the quality of Choice of tertiary Educational field, as self-assessed 18 months after graduation from college. The results are strongest among males and those with low educated parents. To address endogeneity, we explore the variation in study counseling practices between schools. Tentative analyses also indicate that counselors reduce students' uncertainty about their own individual preferences at least to the same extent as uncertainty about objective measures such as employment prospects.
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modernising vocational education and training the importance of information advice and guidance over the life cycle
2009Co-Authors: Lex Borghans, Bart H H GolsteynAbstract:To understand information, advice and guidance (IAG) in a lifelong learning perspective it is crucial to consider the reasons why people tend to spread learning over their life span. We propose that there are three main reasons for adult learning: (a) skills with a high level of depreciation might require regular updating; (b) economic or technological shocks in the labour market can make it necessary to reinvest in other skills; (c) people might want to repair previous inadequate Choices in initial or post-initial education. We show that a large share of participation in education among adults can be related to misguided Choices in initial education. We find that approximately 20 % of young graduates regret their Choice of Educational field. Many go back to school later to repair their inadequate Educational Choice. In addition, most people who acquire a qualification at a later age would – looking back at their career – have preferred to have done it when they were young. There are substantial costs involved with learning at a later age if this is related to misguided Choices: estimates show losses ranging from 3.2 % of GDP in France to 11.5 % in Italy. These losses pinpoint the need for early guidance. We give evidence that IAG can reduce misguided Choices. In sum, the findings show the very important role of IAG in lifelong learning as accurate IAG early in life reduces the amount of lifelong learning. Once at work, people learn mainly by doing: 94 % of the time spent on learning is by performing tasks on the job. Learning at the workplace is highly integrated with actual work practice, and requirements thus become more specific. Consequently, learning depends on the ability of people to identify learning opportunities that occur in their daily work practice. In addition, regarding training courses, about 17 % of respondents regret the topic of training and 50 % indicate that in retrospect they would have preferred to participate in these courses earlier. This suggests that people frequently realise rather late that a certain course might be very useful to them. The Eurobarometer 59.0 (January-February 2003) shows that many people feel that they need good quality information and tailored advice to take up studies or training again. We provide evidence that mentoring or other IAG increase the adequacy of the Choice of training or working tasks and are a useful instrument to invest in timely training.
Volker Grossmann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the impact of capital market integration on Educational Choice and the consequences for economic growth
The World Economy, 2010Co-Authors: Hartmut Egger, Peter Egger, Josef Falkinger, Volker GrossmannAbstract:This paper examines the impact of capital market integration on higher education and the link to economic growth. The analysis takes into account that participation in higher education is non-compulsory and depends on individual Choice. Due to capital–skill complementarity, integration increases (reduces) the incentives to participate in higher education in capital-importing (-exporting) economies, all other things equal. From a national policy point of view, public education expenditure should increase after integration of similar economies in order to attract mobile capital. Using foreign direct investment as a measure of capital flows, we present empirical evidence which largely confirms our main hypothesis: an increase in net capital inflows in response to capital market integration raises participation in higher education. In addition, we show that the adjustment in Educational attainment is an empirically relevant channel through which capital inflows foster economic growth.
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international capital market integration Educational Choice and economic growth
2005Co-Authors: Hartmut Egger, Peter Egger, Josef Falkinger, Volker GrossmannAbstract:This paper examines the impact of capital market integration (CMI) on higher education and economic growth. We take into account that participation in higher education is non-compulsory and depends on individual Choice. Integration increases (decreases) the incentives to participate in higher education in capital-importing (-exporting) economies, all other things equal. Increased participation in higher education enhances productivity progress and is accompanied by rising wage inequality. From a national policy point of view, education expenditure should increase after integration of similar economies. Using foreign direct investment (FDI) as a measure for capital flows, we present empirical evidence which largely confirms our main hypothesis: An increase in net capital inflows in response to CMI raises participation in higher education and thereby fosters economic growth. We apply a structural estimation approach to fully track the endogenous mechanisms of the model.