The Experts below are selected from a list of 156 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Milan Jirků - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
a model for taxonomic work on homoxenous coccidia redescription host specificity and molecular phylogeny of eimeria ranae dobell 1909 with a review of anuran host eimeria apicomplexa Eimeriorina
Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology, 2009Co-Authors: Miroslav Obornik, Milan Jirků, Julius Lukes, David ModrýAbstract:ABSTRACT. We attempt to extend knowledge of anuran Eimeria, and to provide a model for a complex approach to studies on coccidia. New host and geographic records of coccidia in European Anura are provided. In the second part, Eimeria ranaeDobell, 1909 is redescribed from European terrestrial frogs of the genus Rana based on light microscopic and ultrastructural data on both exogenous and endogenous developmental stages, host specificity, and molecular phylogenetic data. Results of experimental transmissions show for the first time that the host specificity of E. ranae is restricted to the genus Rana and that isolates from tadpoles and adults are conspecific. Disappearance of infection during metamorphosis was confirmed experimentally, suggesting that infections in adults result from reinfections. Poikilotherm-host Eimeria species possessing a Stieda body (SB) are for the first time included in a molecular phylogenetic analysis. Eimeria ranae and Eimeria arnyi from a colubrid snake form together a well-supported clade, basal to other SB-bearing coccidia. The other analysed reptile–host eimerians, Eimeria tropidura and Choleoeimeria sp., which possess bivalved sporocysts and lack a SB, represent a distinct basal lineage of the eimeriid clade. The third part of the article reviews anuran-host Eimeria. Three distinct oocyst morphotypes, apparently correlating with the character of endogenous development, are recognized and characterized among anuran eimeriids.
-
Goussia Labbé, 1896 (Apicomplexa, Eimeriorina) in Amphibia: diversity, biology, molecular phylogeny and comments on the status of the genus.
Protist, 2008Co-Authors: Miroslav Obornik, Milan Jirků, Julius Lukes, David ModrýAbstract:We provide new data on morphology, host specificity, life history, pathology and phylogeny of the coccidian genus Goussia in European anurans. Divergence in the SSU rDNA sequences (3–4%) of three Goussia isolates from three anuran hosts suggests that the isolates represent three distinct species. The isolate from Pelophylax kl. esculentus was determined as Goussia neglecta. The isolates from Rana dalmatina and Rana temporaria are considered conspecific and are, on the basis of host specificity, light microscopical, ultrastructural, and molecular phylogenetic data, described as a new species, Goussia noelleri. The new Goussia species from Bufo bufo remains unnamed. During the host's metamorphosis the infection disappears, however, oocysts are retained in the liver of post-metamorphic frogs. Molecular phylogenetic analysis showed that anuran-host Goussia form a well-supported monophyletic clade, which together with a clade represented by piscine Goussia metchnikovi, constitute basal lineages of the Eimeriidae. The two lineages show polytomy, likely reflecting undersampling of the basal eimeriid taxa. Goussia janae represents a distinct lineage, sister to the clade containing the other eimeriorinid taxa, suggesting a paraphyly of the genus Goussia. The identity of G. neglecta, the status of the genus Goussia, the presence of cryptic species in anuran-host Goussia and their ecological peculiarities are discussed.
-
three new species of coccidia apicomplexa Eimeriorina from the marble throated skink marmorosphax tricolor bavay 1869 reptilia scincidae endemic to new caledonia with a taxonomic revision of eimeria spp from scincid hosts
Parasitology Research, 2006Co-Authors: David Modrý, Milan JirkůAbstract:Three new species of coccidia are described from Marble-throated skink Marmorosphax tricolor from New Caledonia, namely, Isospora bocagei sp. n., Acroeimeria rouxi sp. n., and Choleoeimeria sadlieri sp.n. All species differ markedly from other eimerian coccidia described from scincid hosts. Isospora marmorosphaxi develops extra-nuclearly in small intestine. A. rouxi develops epicitoplasmatically in small intestine. C. sadlieri affects the gall bladder mucosa. Generic affiliation of Eimeria-like coccidia from reptiles is discussed and all taxa (with adequate information on endogenous development available) from scincid hosts are revised and placed into genera Acroeimeria and Choleoeimeria.
-
the phylogeny of goussia and choleoeimeria apicomplexa Eimeriorina and the evolution of excystation structures in coccidia
Protist, 2002Co-Authors: Milan Jirků, David Modrý, Břetislav KoudelaAbstract:Summary The phylogenetic relationships of Goussia janae and Choleoeimeria sp. were analyzed using the small subunit ribosomal RNA gene (SSU rDNA). This is a first attempt to study the molecular phylogeny of coccidian genera parasitizing strictly poikilotherm hosts. The biliary Eimeria -like coccidia of reptiles classified into the genus Choleoeimeria form a sister clade to the family Eimeriidae, which confirms the separate generic status of the genus Choleoeimeria . The position of Goussia is less robustly resolved, since it forms a trichotomy with the Eimeriidae and Sarcocystidae, or alternatively constitutes the earliest branch of the coccidian lineage. Morphological similarities, namely the extracytoplasmic location of the endogenous stages, and the presence of sutures in the sporocyst wall are discussed in the context of the traditional classification of eimeriids. In contrast to the morphology-based systematics, the monophyly of Goussia and Choleoeimeria is not supported by the SSU rDNA data.
David Modrý - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
a model for taxonomic work on homoxenous coccidia redescription host specificity and molecular phylogeny of eimeria ranae dobell 1909 with a review of anuran host eimeria apicomplexa Eimeriorina
Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology, 2009Co-Authors: Miroslav Obornik, Milan Jirků, Julius Lukes, David ModrýAbstract:ABSTRACT. We attempt to extend knowledge of anuran Eimeria, and to provide a model for a complex approach to studies on coccidia. New host and geographic records of coccidia in European Anura are provided. In the second part, Eimeria ranaeDobell, 1909 is redescribed from European terrestrial frogs of the genus Rana based on light microscopic and ultrastructural data on both exogenous and endogenous developmental stages, host specificity, and molecular phylogenetic data. Results of experimental transmissions show for the first time that the host specificity of E. ranae is restricted to the genus Rana and that isolates from tadpoles and adults are conspecific. Disappearance of infection during metamorphosis was confirmed experimentally, suggesting that infections in adults result from reinfections. Poikilotherm-host Eimeria species possessing a Stieda body (SB) are for the first time included in a molecular phylogenetic analysis. Eimeria ranae and Eimeria arnyi from a colubrid snake form together a well-supported clade, basal to other SB-bearing coccidia. The other analysed reptile–host eimerians, Eimeria tropidura and Choleoeimeria sp., which possess bivalved sporocysts and lack a SB, represent a distinct basal lineage of the eimeriid clade. The third part of the article reviews anuran-host Eimeria. Three distinct oocyst morphotypes, apparently correlating with the character of endogenous development, are recognized and characterized among anuran eimeriids.
-
Goussia Labbé, 1896 (Apicomplexa, Eimeriorina) in Amphibia: diversity, biology, molecular phylogeny and comments on the status of the genus.
Protist, 2008Co-Authors: Miroslav Obornik, Milan Jirků, Julius Lukes, David ModrýAbstract:We provide new data on morphology, host specificity, life history, pathology and phylogeny of the coccidian genus Goussia in European anurans. Divergence in the SSU rDNA sequences (3–4%) of three Goussia isolates from three anuran hosts suggests that the isolates represent three distinct species. The isolate from Pelophylax kl. esculentus was determined as Goussia neglecta. The isolates from Rana dalmatina and Rana temporaria are considered conspecific and are, on the basis of host specificity, light microscopical, ultrastructural, and molecular phylogenetic data, described as a new species, Goussia noelleri. The new Goussia species from Bufo bufo remains unnamed. During the host's metamorphosis the infection disappears, however, oocysts are retained in the liver of post-metamorphic frogs. Molecular phylogenetic analysis showed that anuran-host Goussia form a well-supported monophyletic clade, which together with a clade represented by piscine Goussia metchnikovi, constitute basal lineages of the Eimeriidae. The two lineages show polytomy, likely reflecting undersampling of the basal eimeriid taxa. Goussia janae represents a distinct lineage, sister to the clade containing the other eimeriorinid taxa, suggesting a paraphyly of the genus Goussia. The identity of G. neglecta, the status of the genus Goussia, the presence of cryptic species in anuran-host Goussia and their ecological peculiarities are discussed.
-
three new species of coccidia apicomplexa Eimeriorina from the marble throated skink marmorosphax tricolor bavay 1869 reptilia scincidae endemic to new caledonia with a taxonomic revision of eimeria spp from scincid hosts
Parasitology Research, 2006Co-Authors: David Modrý, Milan JirkůAbstract:Three new species of coccidia are described from Marble-throated skink Marmorosphax tricolor from New Caledonia, namely, Isospora bocagei sp. n., Acroeimeria rouxi sp. n., and Choleoeimeria sadlieri sp.n. All species differ markedly from other eimerian coccidia described from scincid hosts. Isospora marmorosphaxi develops extra-nuclearly in small intestine. A. rouxi develops epicitoplasmatically in small intestine. C. sadlieri affects the gall bladder mucosa. Generic affiliation of Eimeria-like coccidia from reptiles is discussed and all taxa (with adequate information on endogenous development available) from scincid hosts are revised and placed into genera Acroeimeria and Choleoeimeria.
-
the phylogeny of goussia and choleoeimeria apicomplexa Eimeriorina and the evolution of excystation structures in coccidia
Protist, 2002Co-Authors: Milan Jirků, David Modrý, Břetislav KoudelaAbstract:Summary The phylogenetic relationships of Goussia janae and Choleoeimeria sp. were analyzed using the small subunit ribosomal RNA gene (SSU rDNA). This is a first attempt to study the molecular phylogeny of coccidian genera parasitizing strictly poikilotherm hosts. The biliary Eimeria -like coccidia of reptiles classified into the genus Choleoeimeria form a sister clade to the family Eimeriidae, which confirms the separate generic status of the genus Choleoeimeria . The position of Goussia is less robustly resolved, since it forms a trichotomy with the Eimeriidae and Sarcocystidae, or alternatively constitutes the earliest branch of the coccidian lineage. Morphological similarities, namely the extracytoplasmic location of the endogenous stages, and the presence of sutures in the sporocyst wall are discussed in the context of the traditional classification of eimeriids. In contrast to the morphology-based systematics, the monophyly of Goussia and Choleoeimeria is not supported by the SSU rDNA data.
Michael A. Peirce - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
A Sarcocystid misidentified as Hepatozoon didelphydis: molecular data from a parasitic infection in the blood of the Southern mouse opossum (Thylamys elegans) from Chile.
The Journal of eukaryotic microbiology, 2008Co-Authors: Santiago Merino, Javier Martínez, Rodrigo A. Vásquez, Juan L. Celis-diez, Josué Martínez De La Puente, Paula Marín-vial, Inocencia Sánchez-monsalvez, Michael A. PeirceAbstract:The blood of 21 adult South American mouse opossums (Thylamys elegans) captured from April through August of 2005 in central Chile was examined for parasites. Light microscopic analysis of blood smears initially suggested that a highly pleomorphic Hepatozoon species typical of American opossums was infecting erythrocytes. Unexpectedly, amplification by PCR and sequencing of a DNA fragment of the small subunit rDNA combined with phylogenetic analyses indicated that the parasite is not a member of the suborder Adeleorina, which includes the Haemogregarina and Hepatozoon species, but that it is a clearly distinct member of the suborder Eimeriorina, which includes the cyst-forming family Sarcocystidae. Therefore, a reclassification of this unusual intraerythrocytic apicomplexan will require additional life cycle, microscopic, and molecular analyses.
John R Barta - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Molecular phylogenetics of eimeriid coccidia (Eimeriidae, Eimeriorina, Apicomplexa, Alveolata): A preliminary multi-gene and multi-genome approach
Parasitology Research, 2015Co-Authors: Joseph D Ogedengbe, Mosun E. Ogedengbe, Mian A. Hafeez, John R BartaAbstract:Coccidia possess three distinct genomes: nuclear, mitochondrial, and plastid. Sequences from five genes located on these three genomes were used to reconstruct the phylogenetic relationships of members of the phylum Apicomplexa: 18S rDNA sequences from the nuclear (nu) genome, partial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I sequences from the mitochondrial (mt) genome, and partial 16S and 23S rDNA sequences and RNA polymerase B sequences from plastid (pl) genomes. Maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian inference were used in conjunction with nuclear substitution models generated from data subsets in the analyses. Major groups within the Apicomplexa were well supported with the mitochondrial, nuclear, and a combination of mitochondrial, nuclear and concatenated plastid gene sequences. However, the genus Eimeria was paraphyletic in phylogenetic trees based on the nuclear gene. Analyses using the individual genes (18S rDNA and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I) resolved the various apicomplexan groups with high Bayesian posterior probabilities. The multi-gene, multi-genome analyses based on concatenated nu 18S rDNA, pl 16S, pl 23S, pl rPoB, pl rPoB1, and mt COI sequences appeared useful in resolving phylogenetic relationships within the phylum Apicomplexa. Genus-level relationships, or higher, appear best supported by 18S rDNA analyses, and species-level analyses are best investigated using mt COI sequences; for parasites for which both loci are available, nuclear 18S rDNA sequences combined with mitochondrial COI sequences provide a compact and informative molecular dataset for inferring the evolutionary relationships taxa in the Apicomplexa.
-
dna barcoding identifies eimeria species and contributes to the phylogenetics of coccidian parasites Eimeriorina apicomplexa alveolata
International Journal for Parasitology, 2011Co-Authors: Joseph D Ogedengbe, Robert Hanner, John R BartaAbstract:Abstract Partial (∼780 bp) mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and near complete nuclear 18S rDNA (∼1,780 bp) sequences were directly compared to assess their relative usefulness as markers for species identification and phylogenetic analysis of coccidian parasites (phylum Apicomplexa). Fifteen new COI partial sequences were obtained using two pairs of new primers from rigorously characterised (sensu Reid and Long, 1979 ) laboratory strains of seven Eimeria spp. infecting chickens as well as three additional sequences from cloned laboratory strains of Toxoplasma gondii (ME49 and GT1) and Neospora caninum (NC1) that were used as outgroup taxa for phylogenetic analyses. Phylogenetic analyses based on COI sequences yielded robust support for the monophyly of individual Eimeria spp. infecting poultry except for the Eimeria mitis/mivati clade; however, the lack of a phenotypically characterised strain of E. mivati precludes drawing any firm conclusions regarding this observation. Unlike in the 18S rDNA-based phylogenetic reconstructions, Eimeria necatrix and Eimeria tenella formed monophyletic clades based on partial COI sequences. A species delimitation test was performed to determine the probability of making a correct identification of an unknown specimen (sequence) based on either complete 18S rDNA or partial COI sequences; in almost all cases, the partial COI sequences were more reliable as species-specific markers than complete 18S rDNA sequences. These observations demonstrate that partial COI sequences provide more synapomorphic characters at the species level than complete 18S rDNA sequences from the same taxa. We conclude that COI performs well as a marker for the identification of coccidian taxa (Eimeriorina) and will make an excellent DNA ‘barcode’ target for coccidia. The COI locus, in combination with an 18S rDNA sequence as an ‘anchor’, has sufficient phylogenetic signal to assist in the resolution of apparent paraphylies within the coccidia and likely more broadly within the Apicomplexa.
-
cryptosporidium is more closely related to the gregarines than to coccidia as shown by phylogenetic analysis of apicomplexan parasites inferred using small subunit ribosomal rna gene sequences
Parasitology Research, 1999Co-Authors: Ramon A Carreno, Donald S Matrin, John R BartaAbstract:The phylogenetic placement of gregarine parasites (Apicomplexa: Gregarinasina) within the Apicomplexa was derived by comparison of small-subunit ribosomal RNA gene sequences. Gregarine sequences were obtained from Gregarina niphandrodes Clopton, Percival, and Janovy, 1991, and Monocystis agilis Stein, 1848 (Eugregarinorida Leger 1900), as well as from Ophriocystiselektroscirrha McLaughlin and Myers, 1970 (Neogregarinorida Grasse 1953). The sequences were aligned with several other gregarine and apicomplexan sequences from GenBank and the resulting data matrix analyzed by parsimony and maximum-likelihood methods. The gregarines form a monophyletic clade that is a sister group to Cryptosporidium spp. The gregarine/Cryptosporidium clade is separate from the other major apicomplexan clade containing the coccidia, adeleids, piroplasms, and haemosporinids. The trees indicate that the genus Cryptosporidium has a closer phylogenetic affinity with the gregarines than with the coccidia. These results do not support the present classification of the Cryptosporidiidae in the suborder Eimerioirina Leger, 1911.
-
Monoclonal antibodies raised against coccidia and malarial parasites recognize antigenic epitopes found in lankesterellid and adeleorin parasites.
The Journal of parasitology, 1995Co-Authors: Andrew M. Herzenberg, John R Barta, Sherwin S. DesserAbstract:Three murine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) raised against poultry coccidia or murine malarial parasites were tested for cross-reactivity with 2 sporozoan parasites with different life histories and hosts: Lankesterella minima (Eimeriorina), an intraerythrocytic parasite of frogs that is transmitted by leeches; and Heptazoon catesbianae (Adeleinorina) that infects the red blood cells of frogs and is transmitted by mosquitoes. MAb 1209 recognized both refractile bodies of sporozoites of L. minima, using the indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) technique and immunoelectron microscopy, and recognized antigens with relative rates of migration (M(r)) of 17, 23, 26, 43, and 48 kDa on a chemiluminescent western blot of L. minima sporozoite antigens. MAbs C(3)4F1 and E12 demonstrated spotty cytoplasmic staining and labeling of the anterior pellicle of L. minima sporozoites, respectively. Gamonts of H. catesbianae labeled with only MAb E12, using IFA. These gamonts exhibited staining similar to that observed with the L. minima sporozoites. The presence of the cross-reactive epitopes recognized by these MAbs in the same conserved locations suggests that these antigens are homologous.
Santiago Merino - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
A Sarcocystid misidentified as Hepatozoon didelphydis: molecular data from a parasitic infection in the blood of the Southern mouse opossum (Thylamys elegans) from Chile.
The Journal of eukaryotic microbiology, 2008Co-Authors: Santiago Merino, Javier Martínez, Rodrigo A. Vásquez, Juan L. Celis-diez, Josué Martínez De La Puente, Paula Marín-vial, Inocencia Sánchez-monsalvez, Michael A. PeirceAbstract:The blood of 21 adult South American mouse opossums (Thylamys elegans) captured from April through August of 2005 in central Chile was examined for parasites. Light microscopic analysis of blood smears initially suggested that a highly pleomorphic Hepatozoon species typical of American opossums was infecting erythrocytes. Unexpectedly, amplification by PCR and sequencing of a DNA fragment of the small subunit rDNA combined with phylogenetic analyses indicated that the parasite is not a member of the suborder Adeleorina, which includes the Haemogregarina and Hepatozoon species, but that it is a clearly distinct member of the suborder Eimeriorina, which includes the cyst-forming family Sarcocystidae. Therefore, a reclassification of this unusual intraerythrocytic apicomplexan will require additional life cycle, microscopic, and molecular analyses.