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Wolfram Gentz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Behandlung der reticulares (Netzleitbahnen, luomai) bei psychischen Erkrankungen — Teil 2
Chinesische Medizin Chinese Medicine, 2019Co-Authors: Wolfram GentzAbstract:Die reticulares (Netzleitbahnen, luomai ) sind für die energetische Versorgung der Bindegewebe des Körpers zuständig. Die Bindegewebe stehen in enger Verbindung zum autonomen Nervensystem und damit zu allen Formen von Emotionalem Stress. Sie spielen eine wesentliche Rolle in der psychosomatischen Verarbeitung und Speicherung von Traumata, aber auch allgemein von Emotional ausgelösten (Körper-)Haltungen, die von großer Bedeutung für unser psychisches Befinden, für unser Selbstgefühl und für die Entwicklung von Ängsten und Depressionen sind. Die Akupunktur kann über die Behandlung der reticulares (Netzleitbahnen, luomai ) deutlich Einfluss nehmen auf das psychische Befinden, Beschwerden lindern, psychotherapeutische Entwicklungen unterstützen und helfen, (psycho-)somatisch gespeicherte Haltungen und Selbstkonzepte zu verändern. Im ersten Teil dieses Artikels (in Chinesische Medizin 4/2018, S.197–204) wurde zunächst dargestellt, welches Verständnis der reticulares (Netzleitbahnen, luomai ) uns aus den klassischen Texten der Chinesischen Medizin überliefert ist und wie dieses mit aktuellen Konzepten in Verbindung gebracht werden kann: Essayistisch wurde versucht, auf der Basis energetischer Konzepte darzulegen, weshalb allen Körpergeweben, nicht zuletzt Faszien und dem Bindegewebe, eine wichtige Rolle bei der Entstehung und Behandlung von psychischen und psychosomatischen Störungen zukommt. Dabei wurden Verbindungen zum neurowissenschaftlichen Verständnis der Gefühle und des Selbst am Beispiel der Darstellungen von Antonio Damasio aufgezeigt. Darauf aufbauend wird nun im zweiten Teils des Artikels ein psychosomatisch-Emotionales Verständnis der reticulares (Netzleitbahnen, luomai ) vorgestellt, und es werden die praktischen Möglichkeiten der Akupunkturbehandlung der reticulares (Netzleitbahnen, luomai ) bei psychischen Störungen ausführlich dargestellt. The Luo -connecting channels (reticulares, luomai ) are responsible for the supply of energy to the body’s various connective tissues. Connective tissues are closely associated with the autonomous nervous system and, consequently, with all forms of Emotional stress. They have a major role to play in the psychosomatic processing and retention of traumata but also in general of Emotionally triggered (physical) behaviours which are of major significance to our mental condition, to our self-esteem and to the development of fears and depressions. Acupuncture treatment of the Luo -connecting channels (reticulares, luomai ) has a clear influence on the patient’s mental condition, alleviates complaints, supports psychotherapeutic developments and helps to change persistent (psycho)somatic attitudes and the patient’s understanding of him/herself. In the first part of this article (in Chinesische Medizin 4/2018, pp. 197–204), the author looked at the understanding of the Luo -connecting channels (reticulares, luomai ) which is conveyed in the classic literature of Chinese medicine and the way in which this could be reconciled with current concepts: on the basis of the concepts of energy, the author explained why all body tissues, not least fascia and connective tissue, assumed an important role in the development and treatment of mental and psychosomatic disorders. Here connections were seen with the neuroscientific understanding of feelings and of the self with reference to examples provided by Antonio Damasio. In the second part of this article the author extends this idea and gives a psychosomatic-Emotional Perspective on the Luo -connecting channels ( reticulares, luomai ), and presents a detailed explanation of the practical possibilities available for using the Luo -connecting channels ( reticulares, luomai ) in the acupuncture treatment of mental disorders.
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Behandlung der reticulares (Netzleitbahnen, luomai) bei psychischen Erkrankungen — Teil 1
Chinesische Medizin Chinese Medicine, 2018Co-Authors: Wolfram GentzAbstract:The Luo -connecting channels ( reticulares, luomai ) are responsible for the supply of energy to the body’s connective tissue. Connective tissue is closely associated with the autonomous nervous system and, consequently, with all forms of Emotional stress. They have a major role to play in the psychosomatic processing and retention of traumata but also in general of Emotionally triggered (physical) behaviours which are of major significance to our mental condition, to our self-esteem and to the development of fears and depressions. Acupuncture treatment of the Luo -connecting channels ( reticulares, luomai ) has a clear influence on the patient’s mental condition, alleviates complaints, supports psychotherapeutic developments and helps to change persistent (psycho)somatic attitudes and the patient’s understanding of him/herself. The first part of the article looks first of all at the understanding of the Luo -connecting channels ( reticulares, luomai ) which is conveyed in the classic literature of Chinese Medicine and the way in which this can be reconciled with current concepts: on the basis of the concepts of energy, the author explains why all body tissues, not least fascia and connective tissue, assume an important role in the development and treatment of mental and psychosomatic disorders. Here connections are seen with the neuroscientific understanding of feelings and of the self with reference to examples provided by Antonio Damasio. Extending this idea, in the second part of the article the author gives a psychosomatic-Emotional Perspective on the Luo-connecting channels ( reticulares, luomai ), and presents a detailed explanation of the practical possibilities available for using the Luo -connecting channels ( reticulares, luomai ) in the acupuncture treatment of mental disorders. Die reticulares (Netzleitbahnen, luomai ) sind für die energetische Versorgung der Bindegewebe des Körpers zuständig. Die Bindegewebe stehen in enger Verbindung zum autonomen Nervensystem und damit zu allen Formen von Emotionalem Stress. Sie spielen eine wesentliche Rolle in der psychosomatischen Verarbeitung und Speicherung von Traumata, aber auch allgemein von Emotional ausgelösten (Körper-)Haltungen, die von großer Bedeutung für unser psychisches Befinden, für unser Selbstgefühl und für die Entwicklung von Ängsten und Depressionen sind. Die Akupunktur kann über die Behandlung der reticulares (Netzleitbahnen, luomai ) deutlich Einfluss nehmen auf das psychische Befinden, Beschwerden lindern, psychotherapeutische Entwicklungen unterstützen und helfen, (psycho-)somatisch gespeicherte Haltungen und Selbstkonzepte zu verändern. Im ersten Teil des Artikels wird zunächst dargestellt, welches Verständnis der reticulares (Netzleitbahnen, luomai) uns aus den klassischen Texten der Chinesischen Medizin überliefert ist und wie dieses in Verbindung gebracht werden kann mit aktuellen Konzepten: Essayistisch wird versucht, auf der Basis energetischer Konzepte darzulegen, weshalb allen Körpergeweben, nicht zuletzt Faszien und dem Bindegewebe, eine wichtige Rolle bei der Entstehung und Behandlung von psychischen und psychosomatischen Störungen zukommt. Dabei werden Verbindungen zum neurowissenschaftlichen Verständnis der Gefühle und des Selbst am Beispiel der Darstellungen von Antonio Damasio aufgezeigt. Darauf aufbauend wird im zweiten Teil des Artikels (Heft 1/2019) ein psychosomatisch-Emotionales Verständnis der reticulares (Netzleitbahnen, luomai ) vorgestellt, und es werden die praktischen Möglichkeiten der Akupunktur-Behandlung der reticulares (Netzleitbahnen, luomai) bei psychischen Störungen ausführlich dargestellt.
Ute Habel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Association of menstrual cycle phase with the core components of empathy
Hormones and Behavior, 2013Co-Authors: Birgit Derntl, Ramona L. Hack, I Kryspin-exner, Ute HabelAbstract:Evidence has accumulated that emotion recognition performance varies with menstrual cycle phase. However, according to some empathy models, facial affect recognition constitutes only one component of empathic behavior, besides Emotional Perspective taking and affective responsiveness. It remains unclear whether menstrual cycle phase and thus estradiol and progesterone levels are also associated with the two other empathy constructs.Therefore, we investigated 40 healthy right-handed females, 20 during their follicular phase and 20 during their midluteal phase and compared their performance in three tasks tapping the empathic components as well as self-report data. Salivary hormone levels were obtained and correlated with performance parameters. Subjects were matched for age and education and did not differ in neuropsychological function. Analysis of empathy performance revealed a significant effect of phase in emotion recognition, showing higher accuracy in the follicular group. Regarding affective responsiveness, we observed a significant difference in reaction times, with faster responses for sad and angry stimuli in the midluteal group. No significant group difference emerged for Emotional Perspective taking. Furthermore, significant correlations between progesterone levels and emotion recognition accuracy and affective responsiveness emerged only in the luteal group. However, groups did not differ in self-reported empathy.Our results indicate that menstrual cycle phase and thus ovarian hormone concentration are differentially related to empathic behavior, particularly emotion recognition and responsiveness to negative situations, with progesterone covarying with both in the luteal phase. © 2012 Elsevier Inc.
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Association of menstrual cycle phase with the core components of empathy
Hormones and Behavior, 2012Co-Authors: Birgit Derntl, Ramona L. Hack, I Kryspin-exner, Ute HabelAbstract:Evidence has accumulated that emotion recognition performance varies with menstrual cycle phase. However, according to some empathy models, facial affect recognition constitutes only one component of empathic behavior, besides Emotional Perspective taking and affective responsiveness. It remains unclear whether menstrual cycle phase and thus estradiol and progesterone levels are also associated with the two other empathy constructs. Therefore, we investigated 40 healthy right-handed females, 20 during their follicular phase and 20 during their midluteal phase and compared their performance in three tasks tapping the empathic components as well as self-report data. Salivary hormone levels were obtained and correlated with performance parameters. Subjects were matched for age and education and did not differ in neuropsychological function. Analysis of empathy performance revealed a significant effect of phase in emotion recognition, showing higher accuracy in the follicular group. Regarding affective responsiveness, we observed a significant difference in reaction times, with faster responses for sad and angry stimuli in the midluteal group. No significant group difference emerged for Emotional Perspective taking. Furthermore, significant correlations between progesterone levels and emotion recognition accuracy and affective responsiveness emerged only in the luteal group. However, groups did not differ in self-reported empathy. Our results indicate that menstrual cycle phase and thus ovarian hormone concentration are differentially related to empathic behavior, particularly emotion recognition and responsiveness to negative situations, with progesterone covarying with both in the luteal phase.
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Generalized deficit in all core components of empathy in schizophrenia.
Schizophrenia research, 2008Co-Authors: Birgit Derntl, Andreas Finkelmeyer, Timur K Toygar, Anna Hülsmann, Frank Schneider, Dania I Falkenberg, Ute HabelAbstract:Empathy is a multidimensional construct composed of several components such as emotion recognition, Emotional Perspective taking and affective responsiveness. Patients with schizophrenia demonstrate deficits in several domains of emotion processing and Perspective taking, thus suggesting a dysfunctional Emotional competence. We assessed empathic abilities via three paradigms measuring emotion recognition, Perspective taking and affective responsiveness as well as self-report empathy questionnaires in 24 (12 females, 12 males) schizophrenia patients meeting the DSM-IV criteria for schizophrenia and 24 matched healthy volunteers. Patients were recruited from the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, RWTH Aachen University and healthy volunteers were recruited via advertisement. Groups were matched for age, gender and parental education. Data analysis indicates a significant empathic deficit in patients, reflected in worse performance in all three domains. This deficit was only partly reflected in the self-report empathy questionnaires. Comparing the different tasks, Emotional Perspective taking was the most difficult task for all subjects and symptomatology worsened affective responsiveness. Schizophrenia patients not only struggle to correctly identify emotions, but also have difficulties in spontaneously simulating another person's subjective world (Perspective taking) and might not be able to respond adequately in terms of their own Emotional experience (affective responsiveness), which are not caused by emotion perception deficits. The results suggest that all domains of empathy are affected in schizophrenia and have to be addressed independently in behavioral therapies, thereby offering a possibility to improve socio-occupational life.
Teresa Chambel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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immersive 360 mobile video with an Emotional Perspective
ACM Multimedia, 2013Co-Authors: Joao Ramalho, Teresa ChambelAbstract:By appealing to several senses and conveying very rich information, video has the potential for a strong Emotional impact on viewers, their sense of presence and engagement. These capacities may be extended even further with multimedia sensing and the flexibility of mobility. Mobile devices are commonly used and increasingly incorporating a wide range of sensors and actuators with the potential to capture and display 360° and HD video and metadata and to support more powerful and immersive video user experien-ces. In this paper, we explore the immersion potential of mobile video augmented with visual, auditory and tactile perceptual sensing with an Emotional Perspective on the impact on users. Results confirmed advantages in using a multisensory approach to increase immersion and user satisfaction, and identified properties and parameters that worked better in different conditions.
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ImmersiveMe@ACM Multimedia - Immersive 360° mobile video with an Emotional Perspective
Proceedings of the 2013 ACM international workshop on Immersive media experiences - ImmersiveMe '13, 2013Co-Authors: Joao Ramalho, Teresa ChambelAbstract:By appealing to several senses and conveying very rich information, video has the potential for a strong Emotional impact on viewers, their sense of presence and engagement. These capacities may be extended even further with multimedia sensing and the flexibility of mobility. Mobile devices are commonly used and increasingly incorporating a wide range of sensors and actuators with the potential to capture and display 360° and HD video and metadata and to support more powerful and immersive video user experien-ces. In this paper, we explore the immersion potential of mobile video augmented with visual, auditory and tactile perceptual sensing with an Emotional Perspective on the impact on users. Results confirmed advantages in using a multisensory approach to increase immersion and user satisfaction, and identified properties and parameters that worked better in different conditions.
Leaf Van Boven - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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too much experience a desensitization bias in Emotional Perspective taking
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2014Co-Authors: Troy H Campbell, Leaf Van Boven, Ed Obrien, Norbert Schwarz, Peter A UbelAbstract:People often use their own feelings as a basis to predict others' feelings. For example, when trying to gauge how much someone else enjoys a television show, people might think "How much do I enjoy it?" and use this answer as basis for estimating others' reactions. Although personal experience (such as actually watching the show oneself) often improves empathic accuracy, we found that gaining too much experience can impair it. Five experiments highlight a desensitization bias in Emotional Perspective taking, with consequences for social prediction, social judgment, and social behavior. Participants who viewed thrilling or shocking images many times predicted first-time viewers would react less intensely (Experiments 1 and 2); participants who heard the same funny joke or annoying noise many times estimated less intense reactions of first-time listeners (Experiments 3 and 4); and further, participants were less likely to actually share good jokes and felt less bad about blasting others with annoying noise after they themselves became desensitized to those events (Experiments 3-5). These effects were mediated by participants' own attenuated reactions. Moreover, observers failed to anticipate this bias, believing that overexposed participants (i.e., repeatedly exposed participants who became desensitized) would make better decisions on their behalf (Experiment 5). Taken together, these findings reveal a novel paradox in Emotional Perspective taking: If people experience an evocative event many times, they may not become wiser companions but worse, unable to disentangle self-change from other-oriented thinking. Just as lacking exposure to others' experiences can create gaps in empathy and understanding, so may gaining too much. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2014 APA, all rights reserved)
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changing places a dual judgment model of empathy gaps in Emotional Perspective taking
Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 2013Co-Authors: Leaf Van Boven, George Loewenstein, David Dunning, Loran F NordgrenAbstract:Abstract Emotional Perspective taking involves people's attempts to estimate the attitudes, preferences, and behaviors of other people who are in different Emotional situations. We propose a dual judgment model in which Perspective takers first predict what their own reactions would be to different Emotional situations, and, second, adjust these self-predictions to accommodate perceived differences between themselves and others. Prior literature has focused on egocentric biases in the second judgment, perceived differences and similarities between the self and others. We propose that significant errors in Emotional Perspective taking often arise from the first judgment, people’s predictions of what their own attitudes, preferences, and behaviors would be in different Emotional situations. Specifically, people exhibit “empathy gaps,” underestimating how much Emotional situations influence their own attitudes, preferences, and behaviors. We review evidence that provides support for (a) the dual judgment model of Emotional Perspective taking, (b) the occurrence of empathy gaps in self-predictions, and (c) the occurrence of empathy gaps in social predictions that are mediated by empathy gaps in self-judgments. We discuss implications of empathy gaps in Emotional Perspective taking for social behavior, social judgment, and for other forms of Perspective taking and affective forecasting.
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The illusion of courage in social predictions: Underestimating the impact of fear of embarrassment on other people
Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 2005Co-Authors: Leaf Van Boven, George Loewenstein, David DunningAbstract:The results of two experiments support the thesis that Emotional Perspective taking entails two judgments: a prediction of one’s own preferences and decisions in a diVerent Emotional situation, and an adjustment of this prediction to accommodate perceived diVerences between self and others. Participants overestimated others’ willingness to engage in embarrassing public performances—miming (Experiment 1) and dancing (Experiment 2)—in exchange for money. Consistent with a dual judgment model, this overestimation was greater among participants facing a hypothetical rather than a real decision to perform. Further, participants’ predictions of others’ willingness to perform were more closely correlated with self-predictions than with participants’ estimates of others’ thoughts about the costs and beneWts of performing.
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empathy gaps in Emotional Perspective taking
2005Co-Authors: Leaf Van Boven, George LoewensteinAbstract:One of the hallmarks of psychological maturity is a "theory of mind" that allows one to understand that other people, particularly those in different situations, have feelings, preferences, and behavioral inclinations that are different from one's own. Having just gorged on Ritz crackers and Velveeta cheese, one expects that someone who has not eaten in several hours is hungrier than oneself. And even though one may have just received good news that a manuscript was accepted, there is no surprise when someone whose grant was not funded is not elated about one's success. In each of these situations, a theory of mind creates the recognition and anticipation that, because others are in a different affective situation, they feel, think, and behave differently than oneself.
Birgit Derntl - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Association of menstrual cycle phase with the core components of empathy
Hormones and Behavior, 2013Co-Authors: Birgit Derntl, Ramona L. Hack, I Kryspin-exner, Ute HabelAbstract:Evidence has accumulated that emotion recognition performance varies with menstrual cycle phase. However, according to some empathy models, facial affect recognition constitutes only one component of empathic behavior, besides Emotional Perspective taking and affective responsiveness. It remains unclear whether menstrual cycle phase and thus estradiol and progesterone levels are also associated with the two other empathy constructs.Therefore, we investigated 40 healthy right-handed females, 20 during their follicular phase and 20 during their midluteal phase and compared their performance in three tasks tapping the empathic components as well as self-report data. Salivary hormone levels were obtained and correlated with performance parameters. Subjects were matched for age and education and did not differ in neuropsychological function. Analysis of empathy performance revealed a significant effect of phase in emotion recognition, showing higher accuracy in the follicular group. Regarding affective responsiveness, we observed a significant difference in reaction times, with faster responses for sad and angry stimuli in the midluteal group. No significant group difference emerged for Emotional Perspective taking. Furthermore, significant correlations between progesterone levels and emotion recognition accuracy and affective responsiveness emerged only in the luteal group. However, groups did not differ in self-reported empathy.Our results indicate that menstrual cycle phase and thus ovarian hormone concentration are differentially related to empathic behavior, particularly emotion recognition and responsiveness to negative situations, with progesterone covarying with both in the luteal phase. © 2012 Elsevier Inc.
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Association of menstrual cycle phase with the core components of empathy
Hormones and Behavior, 2012Co-Authors: Birgit Derntl, Ramona L. Hack, I Kryspin-exner, Ute HabelAbstract:Evidence has accumulated that emotion recognition performance varies with menstrual cycle phase. However, according to some empathy models, facial affect recognition constitutes only one component of empathic behavior, besides Emotional Perspective taking and affective responsiveness. It remains unclear whether menstrual cycle phase and thus estradiol and progesterone levels are also associated with the two other empathy constructs. Therefore, we investigated 40 healthy right-handed females, 20 during their follicular phase and 20 during their midluteal phase and compared their performance in three tasks tapping the empathic components as well as self-report data. Salivary hormone levels were obtained and correlated with performance parameters. Subjects were matched for age and education and did not differ in neuropsychological function. Analysis of empathy performance revealed a significant effect of phase in emotion recognition, showing higher accuracy in the follicular group. Regarding affective responsiveness, we observed a significant difference in reaction times, with faster responses for sad and angry stimuli in the midluteal group. No significant group difference emerged for Emotional Perspective taking. Furthermore, significant correlations between progesterone levels and emotion recognition accuracy and affective responsiveness emerged only in the luteal group. However, groups did not differ in self-reported empathy. Our results indicate that menstrual cycle phase and thus ovarian hormone concentration are differentially related to empathic behavior, particularly emotion recognition and responsiveness to negative situations, with progesterone covarying with both in the luteal phase.
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Generalized deficit in all core components of empathy in schizophrenia.
Schizophrenia research, 2008Co-Authors: Birgit Derntl, Andreas Finkelmeyer, Timur K Toygar, Anna Hülsmann, Frank Schneider, Dania I Falkenberg, Ute HabelAbstract:Empathy is a multidimensional construct composed of several components such as emotion recognition, Emotional Perspective taking and affective responsiveness. Patients with schizophrenia demonstrate deficits in several domains of emotion processing and Perspective taking, thus suggesting a dysfunctional Emotional competence. We assessed empathic abilities via three paradigms measuring emotion recognition, Perspective taking and affective responsiveness as well as self-report empathy questionnaires in 24 (12 females, 12 males) schizophrenia patients meeting the DSM-IV criteria for schizophrenia and 24 matched healthy volunteers. Patients were recruited from the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, RWTH Aachen University and healthy volunteers were recruited via advertisement. Groups were matched for age, gender and parental education. Data analysis indicates a significant empathic deficit in patients, reflected in worse performance in all three domains. This deficit was only partly reflected in the self-report empathy questionnaires. Comparing the different tasks, Emotional Perspective taking was the most difficult task for all subjects and symptomatology worsened affective responsiveness. Schizophrenia patients not only struggle to correctly identify emotions, but also have difficulties in spontaneously simulating another person's subjective world (Perspective taking) and might not be able to respond adequately in terms of their own Emotional experience (affective responsiveness), which are not caused by emotion perception deficits. The results suggest that all domains of empathy are affected in schizophrenia and have to be addressed independently in behavioral therapies, thereby offering a possibility to improve socio-occupational life.