The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Florian G Kaiser - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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offsetting behavioral costs with personal Attitude identifying the psychological essence of an Environmental Attitude measure
Journal of Environmental Psychology, 2021Co-Authors: Florian G Kaiser, Florian LangeAbstract:Abstract Identifying the essence of a latent psychological attribute captured by a measurement instrument requires more than a glance at the measure's indicators or confidence in an established measurement practice. It demands an exploration of the nomological network in which an attribute (e.g., Environmental Attitude) is theoretically anticipated to operate. With our study, we aimed to identify the General Ecological Behavior (GEB) scale as a Campbell-paradigm-based measure of Environmental Attitude. In our empirical test (N = 183), we juxtaposed the two estimated parameters—behavioral costs and what is believed to represent Environmental Attitude—with real costs. To do so, costs were manipulated as objective waiting times that differentiated between otherwise identical pro-Environmental behaviors. Our findings corroborate the idea that the GEB's cost estimates reflect actual behavioral costs. Furthermore, progressively increasing costs were the expected progressive impediment of behavior that, according to Campbell's paradigm, Environmental Attitude is presumed to offset.
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increasing people s acceptance of anthropogenic climate change with scientific facts is mechanistic information more effective for Environmentalists
Journal of Environmental Psychology, 2021Co-Authors: Oliver Taube, Laura Henn, Michael Ranney, Florian G KaiserAbstract:Abstract Knowledge-deficit models highlight that providing novel information increases knowledge and acceptance of empirical facts. Motivated cognition models, however, highlight that people often discount new Attitude-conflicting facts. Thereby, according to motivated cognition models, people’s levels of global warming knowledge and anthropogenic climate change acceptance markedly reflect their preexisting Environmental Attitude. In four studies (N = 845), we tested the efficacy of new information to foster knowledge and alter acceptance while simultaneously controlling for Environmental Attitude. Despite corroborating the association of knowledge and acceptance (Study 1), providing information about the physical-chemical mechanism behind global warming did not always promote the acceptance of anthropogenic climate change (Study 2 vs. Studies 3 and 4). Moreover, acceptance increases induced with mechanistic information did not exceed acceptance gains induced with information about global warming’s consequences (Study 3). By contrast, our findings corroborate Environmental Attitude’s relevance for two central remnants of learning: knowledge (Studies 1, 3, and 4) and behavior (e.g., information seeking: Study 4).
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the development of children s Environmental Attitude and behavior
Global Environmental Change-human and Policy Dimensions, 2019Co-Authors: Gary W. Evans, Siegmar Otto, Min J. Moon, Florian G KaiserAbstract:Abstract Environmental Attitude and behavior are at the roots of a sustainable future, yet little is known about their developmental origins in early childhood. This longitudinal study is the first to examine how children’s Environmental Attitude and behavior develop throughout childhood (ages 7 to 18, N = 118). Environmental Attitude and behavior form around the age of 7, increase until the age of 10, level off until the age of 14, and then decline again. Environmental behavior develops from childhood to early adolescence and starts consolidating from age 10 onwards, whereas Environmental Attitude remains in flux at least through early adulthood.
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the role of Environmental Attitude in the efficacy of smart meter based feedback interventions
Journal of Environmental Psychology, 2019Co-Authors: Laura Henn, Oliver Taube, Florian G KaiserAbstract:Abstract When implemented in the field, smart-meter-based feedback interventions typically lag behind the presumed energy-saving potential of the technology. As we and others argue, part of the problem is that such interventions do not work equally well for everyone. The significance of a feedback intervention for actual energy savings depends on the rigor with which people make use of smart-meter-based information. In a quasi-experiment (N = 186), we expectedly found that registering for a web portal that provided smart-meter-based feedback led to moderate energy savings conditional on a person's Environmental Attitude level. Apparently, a person's Attitude discloses itself in the rigor with which this person makes use of an energy-saving opportunity. Hence, to effectively restrain consumption and save energy, Environmental Attitude is essential because, not only must people make appropriate behavioral choices, but they must also rigorously implement these choices.
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applying the campbell paradigm to sustainable travel behavior compensatory effects of Environmental Attitude and the transportation environment
Transportation Research Part F-traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 2018Co-Authors: Oliver Taube, Alexandra Kibbe, Max Vetter, Maximilian Adler, Florian G KaiserAbstract:Abstract Both personal propensities and transportation-environment-based factors shape people’s sustainable travel behavior. However, little is known about the interplay of these two types of factors. In contrast to many of the commonly used behavior models in transportation research, the Campbell Paradigm directly accounts for constraining or supporting effects of the transportation environment with the concept of behavioral “costs” and proposes an additive, compensatory interplay with a person’s Environmental Attitude (i.e., Attitude toward Environmental protection). The current research (three studies, n = 529, n = 382, and n = 176) provides both quasi-experimental and experimental evidence for this compensatory hypothesis. Drawing on participants’ self-reports, an online scenario, and behavioral observation, we exclusively found that the main effects of the transportation environment and a person’s Environmental Attitude explained his or her sustainable travel behavior. In all three studies, the interaction effect was never significantly different from zero, and across studies (|rp| = .04), it was even significantly smaller than a conventional small effect. These findings support the Campbell Paradigm as a useful theoretical account and as a policy framework for inducing more sustainable travel behavior.
Sofia Thorsson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Psychological mechanisms in outdoor place and weather assessment: towards a conceptual model
International Journal of Biometeorology, 2009Co-Authors: Igor Knez, Sofia Thorsson, Ingegärd Eliasson, Fredrik LindbergAbstract:The general aim has been to illuminate the psychological mechanisms involved in outdoor place and weather assessment. This reasoning was conceptualized in a model, tentatively proposing direct and indirect links of influence in an outdoor place–human relationship. The model was subsequently tested by an empirical study, performed in a Nordic city, on the impact of weather and personal factors on participants’ perceptual and emotional estimations of outdoor urban places. In line with our predictions, we report significant influences of weather parameters (air temperature, wind, and cloudlessness) and personal factors (Environmental Attitude and age) on participants’ perceptual and emotional estimations of outdoor urban places. All this is a modest, yet significant, step towards an understanding of the psychology of outdoor place and weather assessment.
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thermal emotional and perceptual evaluations of a park cross cultural and Environmental Attitude comparisons
Building and Environment, 2008Co-Authors: Igor Knez, Sofia ThorssonAbstract:The main objective of the present study was to examine the influence of culture (Sweden vs. Japan) and Environmental Attitude (urban vs. open-air person) on participants' thermal, emotional and perceptual assessments of a park, within the physiological equivalent temperature (PET) comfortable interval of 18-23 degrees C. It was predicted that persons sharing different cultures and Environmental Attitudes might psychologically differently evaluate a Swedish and a Japanese park despite similar thermal conditions. Consistent with this prediction, Japanese were shown to evaluate the weather as warmer and less good for out-door activity than did Swedes, although and according to the PET index participants in both cultures experienced similar comfortable thermal conditions. Japanese were also shown to evaluate the park as more pleasant and warmer place than did Swedes. However, the Japanese felt emotionally less pleasant at the site than did Swedes. An interaction between culture and Environmental Attitude indicated tentatively a difference in Environmental Attitude (urban vs. open-air person) between the two countries as regards the place-related wind sensitivity. All these findings are discussed in terms of culture and Environmental Attitude suggesting that thermal, emotional and perceptual assessments of a physical place may be intertwined with psychological and cultural processes, rather than fixed by general thermal indices developed in line with the physiological heat balance models. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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influences of culture and Environmental Attitude on thermal emotional and perceptual evaluations of a public square
International Journal of Biometeorology, 2006Co-Authors: Igor Knez, Sofia ThorssonAbstract:The main objective of the present quasi-experimental study was to examine the influence of culture (Swedish vs Japanese) and Environmental Attitude (urban vs open-air person) on participants' thermal, emotional and perceptual assessments of a square, within the PET (physiological equivalent temperature) comfortable interval of 18-23 degrees C. It was predicted that persons living in different cultures with different Environmental Attitudes would psychologically evaluate a square differently despite similar thermal conditions. Consistent with this prediction, Japanese participants estimated the current weather as warmer than did Swedish participants and, consistent with this, they felt less thermally comfortable on the site, although participants in both countries perceived similar comfortable thermal outdoor conditions according to the PET index. Compared to the Japanese, the Swedes estimated both the current weather and the site as windier and colder, indicating a consistency in weather assessment on calm-windy and warm-cold scales in participants in both cultures. Furthermore, Swedish participants felt more glad and calm on the site and, in line with their character (more glad than gloomy), they estimated the square as more beautiful and pleasant than did Japanese participants. All this indicates that thermal, emotional and perceptual assessments of a physical place may be intertwined with psychological schema-based and socio-cultural processes, rather than fixed by general thermal indices developed in line with physiological heat balance models. In consequence, this implies that thermal comfort indices may not be applicable in different cultural/climate zones without modifications, and that they may not be appropriate if we do not take into account the psychological processes involved in Environmental assessment.
Igor Knez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Psychological mechanisms in outdoor place and weather assessment: towards a conceptual model
International Journal of Biometeorology, 2009Co-Authors: Igor Knez, Sofia Thorsson, Ingegärd Eliasson, Fredrik LindbergAbstract:The general aim has been to illuminate the psychological mechanisms involved in outdoor place and weather assessment. This reasoning was conceptualized in a model, tentatively proposing direct and indirect links of influence in an outdoor place–human relationship. The model was subsequently tested by an empirical study, performed in a Nordic city, on the impact of weather and personal factors on participants’ perceptual and emotional estimations of outdoor urban places. In line with our predictions, we report significant influences of weather parameters (air temperature, wind, and cloudlessness) and personal factors (Environmental Attitude and age) on participants’ perceptual and emotional estimations of outdoor urban places. All this is a modest, yet significant, step towards an understanding of the psychology of outdoor place and weather assessment.
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thermal emotional and perceptual evaluations of a park cross cultural and Environmental Attitude comparisons
Building and Environment, 2008Co-Authors: Igor Knez, Sofia ThorssonAbstract:The main objective of the present study was to examine the influence of culture (Sweden vs. Japan) and Environmental Attitude (urban vs. open-air person) on participants' thermal, emotional and perceptual assessments of a park, within the physiological equivalent temperature (PET) comfortable interval of 18-23 degrees C. It was predicted that persons sharing different cultures and Environmental Attitudes might psychologically differently evaluate a Swedish and a Japanese park despite similar thermal conditions. Consistent with this prediction, Japanese were shown to evaluate the weather as warmer and less good for out-door activity than did Swedes, although and according to the PET index participants in both cultures experienced similar comfortable thermal conditions. Japanese were also shown to evaluate the park as more pleasant and warmer place than did Swedes. However, the Japanese felt emotionally less pleasant at the site than did Swedes. An interaction between culture and Environmental Attitude indicated tentatively a difference in Environmental Attitude (urban vs. open-air person) between the two countries as regards the place-related wind sensitivity. All these findings are discussed in terms of culture and Environmental Attitude suggesting that thermal, emotional and perceptual assessments of a physical place may be intertwined with psychological and cultural processes, rather than fixed by general thermal indices developed in line with the physiological heat balance models. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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influences of culture and Environmental Attitude on thermal emotional and perceptual evaluations of a public square
International Journal of Biometeorology, 2006Co-Authors: Igor Knez, Sofia ThorssonAbstract:The main objective of the present quasi-experimental study was to examine the influence of culture (Swedish vs Japanese) and Environmental Attitude (urban vs open-air person) on participants' thermal, emotional and perceptual assessments of a square, within the PET (physiological equivalent temperature) comfortable interval of 18-23 degrees C. It was predicted that persons living in different cultures with different Environmental Attitudes would psychologically evaluate a square differently despite similar thermal conditions. Consistent with this prediction, Japanese participants estimated the current weather as warmer than did Swedish participants and, consistent with this, they felt less thermally comfortable on the site, although participants in both countries perceived similar comfortable thermal outdoor conditions according to the PET index. Compared to the Japanese, the Swedes estimated both the current weather and the site as windier and colder, indicating a consistency in weather assessment on calm-windy and warm-cold scales in participants in both cultures. Furthermore, Swedish participants felt more glad and calm on the site and, in line with their character (more glad than gloomy), they estimated the square as more beautiful and pleasant than did Japanese participants. All this indicates that thermal, emotional and perceptual assessments of a physical place may be intertwined with psychological schema-based and socio-cultural processes, rather than fixed by general thermal indices developed in line with physiological heat balance models. In consequence, this implies that thermal comfort indices may not be applicable in different cultural/climate zones without modifications, and that they may not be appropriate if we do not take into account the psychological processes involved in Environmental assessment.
Ann Jopson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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accommodating underlying pro Environmental Attitudes in a rail travel context application of a latent variable latent class specification
Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment, 2013Co-Authors: Stephane Hess, Jeremy Shires, Ann JopsonAbstract:Using data from a stated preference survey conducted in the UK, we show how the relative importance that rail travellers attach to reductions in greenhouse gas emissions and faster journey times varies strongly as a function of underlying Attitudes towards the environment. We specify a latent class structure that allocates respondents to two classes with substantially different valuations of greenhouse gas emissions, and show how the allocation of a given respondent to either class is a function of underlying Attitudes that also drive the answers to a number of attitudinal questions. We also show how these underlying Attitudes are a function of a number of socio-demographic characteristics, with female respondents, older respondents, and respondents with a university degree having a stronger pro-Environmental Attitude, with the opposite applying to respondents with regular car access.
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accommodating underlying pro Environmental Attitudes in a rail travel context application of a latent variable latent class specification
Transportation Research Board 92nd Annual MeetingTransportation Research Board, 2013Co-Authors: Stephane Hess, Jeremy Shires, Ann JopsonAbstract:Using data from a stated preference survey conducted in the United Kingdom, the authors show how the willingness to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and accept longer travel time varies strongly as a function of underlying Attitudes towards the environment. The authors specify a latent class structure that allocates respondents to two classes with substantially different valuations of greenhouse gas emissions, and show how the allocation of a given respondent to either class is a function of underlying Attitudes that also drive the answers to a number of attitudinal questions. The authors also show how these underlying Attitudes are a function of a number of socio-demographic characteristics, with female respondents, older respondents, and respondents with a university degree having a stronger pro-Environmental Attitude, with the opposite applying to respondents with regular car access.
Wei Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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assessing comfort in urban public spaces a structural equation model involving Environmental Attitude and perception
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2021Co-Authors: You Peng, Zhikai Peng, Tao Feng, Chixing Zhong, Wei WangAbstract:The research of comfort in urban public spaces has become increasingly important for improving Environmental quality and encouraging people spend more time in outdoor activities. Among numerous approaches to understand comfort perception, the rational indices based on heat balance theory have prevailed to guide the research and practice in urban planning, design, and management. The limitations of a solely rational index-based approach reveal the necessity for a more comprehensive understanding of comfort by considering a wider range of influential factors from both individual and Environmental perspectives during the assessing process. This study conceptualizes individuals’ comfort in urban public spaces as a latent construct, which is measured by indicators regarding perceptions on multifarious meteorological variables. The conceptual framework has been introduced involving hypothetical relationships among individuals’ comfort, Attitudes, and Environmental perceptions in urban public spaces. A series of field work including microclimate measurements and questionnaire-based surveys were carried out in two public squares in Changsha, China. Based on the dataset derived from 372 questionnaires and related meteorological measurements, this paper examines the relationships between the physical microclimatic variables, individuals’ socio-demographical characteristics and Environmental Attitudes and perceptions, and outdoor comfort assessment. The estimation results of the structural equation model quantitatively verified the conceptual framework at large, as many hypothetical relationships are identified, which indicates the importance of individuals’ role and the psychological factors in modeling comfort perception. This approach improves the understanding of comfort assessment, contributes to improving the quality of urban environment and the practices of urban planning and management.