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Chen Jian-wei - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Cross-sectional study on Environmental Lead exposure of adults in rural area,China
Chinese Journal of Public Health, 2010Co-Authors: Chen Jian-weiAbstract:Objective To know the Lead exposure and its health impairments in adults (aged 16 to 60 years) in four villages.Methods The subjects were selected by systematic sampling from the residents living in an area for at least 5 years.Lead concentrations in blood,spot urine,hair,and nails collected from the subjects were measured with graphite furnace electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry.The adults were also interviewed with a self-made questionnaire.Statistical analysis were performed with SPSS 15.0.Results The geometric mean (SD) of blood Lead levels (PbB) was 64.1±1.8 μg/L,and the Lead contents were 11.0±1.7 μg/g,11.7±3.4 μg/g,and 12.1 ±3.4 μg/g,respectively,in spot urine (PbU),hair (PbH),and nails (PbN).PbU,PbH,and PbN were associated positively with PbB after logarithm transformation with Pearson correlation coefficients of 0.485,0.317 and 0.350,respectively.The males dwelling in one of four villages and drinking alcoholic beverages were likely to have higher PbB.PbH and PbN had relationships with occurrences of self-conscious symptoms as insomnia,memory decline,numb hands and feet,and blurred vision.Conclusion The residents of the villages have serious Lead exposure.The males drinking alcoholic beverages were at risk to have elevated blood Lead levels.Some self-conscious symptoms may occur in adults with increased Environmental Lead exposure.
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Study on health effect of Environmental Lead exposure in children
Chinese Journal of Public Health, 2009Co-Authors: Chen Jian-weiAbstract:Objective To explore the health impairments of Environmental Lead exposure in children of 6-12 years old.Methods Stratified random sampling was used.Questionnaire survey,physical examinations and intelligence examinations with Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices were carried out among the children selected.Simplified Conner's Rating Scales (for teachers) was applied to assess the children's behavior.Blood and urine samples of the children were collected to determine the blood Lead levels(BLLs),zinc protoporphyrin(ZPP) concentrations,δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase(ALAD) activities and urine δ-amino-γ-levulinic acid(ALA) content.Results The geometric means of the children's BLLs,ZPP and ALA contents and ALAD activities was 71.2 μg/L,0.15 μg/g·Hb and 24.4 μg/L and 328.9 U,respectively.Fifty-four(17.5%) children had BLLs≥100 μg/L.The ZPP concentrations correlated with BLLs negatively as BLLs100 μg/L,while positively as ≥100 μg/L.The ALAD activities correlated with BLLs positively.Compared to children with BLLs100 μg/L,children with BLLs≥100 μg/L showed a decreased immunity,lower intelligence and height,as well as behavioral changes.Conclusion Lead exposure is correlated with decreased heights,immunity and intelligence,as well as behavioral changes among exposed chidren.
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Investigation of Environmental Lead Exposure in Children Aged 6-12 Years in an Area in China
Journal of Environmental Health, 2008Co-Authors: Chen Jian-weiAbstract:Objective To investigate the Environmental Lead exposure in children aged 6-12 years in an area where there may be a potential Lead pollution caused by storage battery production.Methods A sample survey with a questionnaire based on stratified probability samples of 309 children aged 6-12 years was carried out in four villages(A,B,C,D).Atom-absorption spectrophotometry was used to determine the Lead levels of blood,hair and nail samples from children.Results The geometric mean blood Lead levels(BLLs)was 71.2μg/L.BLLs≥100μg/L in 54 children(17.5%).The geometric mean BLLs of boys and girls were 75.0μg/L and 67.5μg/L,respectively.At village A,BLLs of children aged 6-10 years were higher than those of children aged 11-12.At village B,compared with girls,BLLs and rate of BLLs≥100μg/L in boys were higher.Children at village A (compared with D),aged 6-10 years(compared with 11-12 years),boys(compared with girls)were at the risk of BLLs≥100μg/L, with the OR values of 9.110,2.484,2.102 respectively.HLLs(hair Lead)and NLLs(nail Lead)were positively associated with BLLs. HLLs of boys were larger than those of girls.Conclusion Children of village A suffered from the most serious Lead exposure among all villages surveyed.The boys aged 6-10 years living in village A are at the high risk of Environmental Lead exposure.As an assistant diagnosis,HLLs and NLLs can be used as an indicator of Lead exposure.
R.f. Fuggle - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A study of the distribution of urban Environmental Lead levels in Cape Town, South Africa
The Science of the total environment, 1996Co-Authors: Y.e.r. Von Schirnding, R.f. FuggleAbstract:Epidemiological studies which have attempted to quantify the relationship between Environmental Lead and blood Lead levels have been beset by numerous methodological problems, one of which has been the difficulty in assessing Environmental exposure to Lead. In Cape Town, South Africa, a comprehensive Environmental Lead monitoring programme was instituted in an inner city suburb where a blood Lead screening study was in progress. The objective of the study was to examine the spatial and temporal variation in Environmental Lead levels, and to examine the role of potential influencing factors such as traffic. Results revealed substantial intra-urban variations in air Lead levels, with annual means varying from less than 0.5 to over 2 μg/m3 at individual sites. Traffic density and the distance from heavily trafficked roads were important influencing factors within the area. Considerable seasonal as well as daily variations in air Lead levels were also documented, and air Lead levels were positively associated with dust Lead levels. The spatial and temporal variations in Environmental Lead have implications for air monitoring strategies and epidemiological studies concerned with the relationship of exposure to Lead and the health impact on populations. Micro variations in exposure need to be taken into account in assessing exposure to Environmental Lead in epidemiological studies, in light of the considerable variations which may occur.
Nisha Naicker - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Environmental Lead exposure and pubertal trajectory classes in South African adolescent males and females.
The Science of the total environment, 2018Co-Authors: Palesa Nkomo, Nisha Naicker, Angela Mathee, Linda Richter, Juliana Kagura, Shane A. NorrisAbstract:The effects of Environmental Lead exposure in the neuro-endocrine system have been shown to impact the maturation and tempo of puberty development in adolescents. In low and middle income countries very little is known regarding the detrimental health effects of childhood Lead exposure with regard to the tempo of puberty development. To help address this gap in data, we examined the association between Lead exposure and puberty progression in males and females. Study participants from the urban Birth to Twenty Plus (BT20+) birth cohort in Soweto-Johannesburg, South Africa with data for blood Lead levels at age 13years, cord blood Lead levels, pubic hair development and breast development in females, and pubic hair development and genital development in males, were included in this study. The sample comprised 1416 study participants (n=684 females). Pubertal development trajectory classes were defined using Latent Class Growth Analysis. Data were examined for (i) an association between cord blood Lead levels and pubertal trajectory classes; and (ii) an association between blood Lead levels at age 13years and pubertal trajectory classes. In females, there was an association between adolescent elevated blood Lead levels (≥5μg/dL) and lower level of maturation at age 9years and slower progression of pubic hair and breast development (relative risk ratio (RRR)=0.45, p
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Environmental Lead exposure- a public health challenge in urban South Africa
ISEE Conference Abstracts, 2013Co-Authors: Nisha Naicker, Angela Mathee, Brendon BarnesAbstract:Background Exposure to Environmental Lead remains a major public health challenge. Aim In 2002 and 2007 cross-sectional surveys assessing Lead exposure were conducted in grade 1 children in three c...
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Environmental Lead exposure and socio-behavioural adjustment in the early teens: the birth to twenty cohort.
The Science of the total environment, 2011Co-Authors: Nisha Naicker, Angela Mathee, Linda Richter, Piet J. Becker, Shane A. NorrisAbstract:Abstract Lead exposure remains high in South Africa. Environmental Lead exposure has been associated with behaviour problems in childhood and adolescence. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between blood Lead levels and socio-behavioural problems among young adolescents in the Birth to Twenty cohort (Bt20). The uniquely South African Bt20 cohort started in 1989 and is a long-term prospective follow-up study of the health and well-being of children born in the Greater Johannesburg area. The total analytical sample size consisted of 1041 adolescents (487 males and 554 females). Blood Lead levels were obtained from whole venous blood that was collected. Thirty two items representing Rule-breaking and Aggressive behavioural characteristics from the Youth Self Report (YSR) were assessed. Bivariate and multiple regression analyses were conducted to assess for associations between blood Lead levels and socio-behavioural problems at 13 years of age. The geometric mean blood Lead level was significantly (P value High blood Lead levels are associated with anti-social and destructive behaviour amongst boys in their early teens. However, the relationships are complex and confounded by other aspects of adversity.
Ja-liang Lin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Environmental Lead Exposure Accelerates Progressive Diabetic Nephropathy in Type II Diabetic Patients
BioMed research international, 2013Co-Authors: Wen-hung Huang, Ja-liang Lin, Dan-tzu Lin-tan, Ching-wei Hsu, Kuan-hsing Chen, Tzung-hai YenAbstract:Whether Environmental Lead exposure has a long-term effect on progressive diabetic nephropathy in type II diabetic patients remains unclear. A total of 107 type II diabetic patients with stage 3 diabetic nephropathy (estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) range, 30–60 mL/min/1.73 m2) with normal body Lead burden (BLB) ( 80 μg) and low-normal BLB (
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Environmental Lead exposure and progression of chronic renal diseases in patients without diabetes.
The New England journal of medicine, 2003Co-Authors: Ja-liang Lin, Dan-tzu Lin-tan, Kuang-hung HsuAbstract:Background Previous research suggests that Environmental Lead exposure correlates with age-related decreases in renal function. Methods Two hundred two patients with chronic renal insufficiency (indicated by a serum creatinine level between 1.5 mg per deciliter and 3.9 mg per deciliter) who had a normal total-body Lead burden and no history of exposure to Lead were observed for 24 months. After the observation period, 64 subjects with an elevated body Lead burden were randomly assigned to the chelation control groups. For three months, the patients in the chelation group received Lead-chelation therapy with calcium disodium EDTA, and the control group received placebo. During the ensuing 24 months, repeated chelation therapy was administered weekly to 32 patients with high-normal body Lead burdens (at least 80 microg but less than 600 microg) unless on repeated testing the body Lead burden fell below 60 microg; the other 32 patients served as controls and received weekly placebo infusions for 5 weeks every 6 months. The primary end point was an increase in the serum creatinine level to 1.5 times the base-line value during the observation period. A secondary end point was the change in renal function during the intervention period. Results The primary end point occurred in 24 patients during the observation period; the serum creatinine levels and body Lead burden at base line were the most important risk factors. The glomerular filtration rate improved significantly by the end of the 27-month intervention period in patients receiving chelation therapy: the mean (+/-SD) change in the glomerular filtration rate in the patients in the chelation group was 2.1+/-5.7 ml per minute per 1.73 m2 of body-surface area, as compared with -6.0+/-5.8 ml per minute per 1.73 m2 of body-surface area in the controls (P Conclusions Low-level Environmental Lead exposure may accelerate progressive renal insufficiency in patients without diabetes who have chronic renal disease. Repeated chelation therapy may improve renal function and slow the progression of renal insufficiency.
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Environmental Lead exposure and urate excretion in the general population.
The American journal of medicine, 2002Co-Authors: Ja-liang Lin, Dan-tzu TanAbstract:Abstract Purpose Chronic occupational exposure to Lead is related to low urate excretion and a high incidence of gout in Lead workers. However, whether chronic low-level Environmental Lead exposure influences urate excretion in the general population remains unknown. Subjects and methods We studied 111 healthy subjects with normal renal function (serum creatinine level ≤1.4 mg/dL) and no previous Lead exposure or systemic diseases. All subjects had their blood Lead levels measured, received ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid mobilization tests to assess their body Lead burdens, and were investigated for renal function and urate excretion to assess the relation between Lead and urate excretion. We studied urate excretion before and after Lead chelation therapy in 24 subjects with high-normal body Lead burden (>78 mg and Results Healthy subjects with gout (n = 27) manifested a higher body Lead burden (84 ± 42 mg vs. 45 ± 30 mg, P 2 vs. 6.0 ± 2.8 mL/min/1.73 m 2 , P P = 0.03), and body Lead burdens were related to all indices of urate excretion (serum urate: β coefficient=0.023 ± 0.005, P P = 0.0002; urate clearance: β coefficient=−0.030 ± 0.006, P P 2 vs. 4.9 ± 1.4 mL/min/1.73 m 2 , P Conclusion Chronic low-level Environmental Lead exposure may inhibit urate excretion in the general population, and Lead chelation therapy reduces this inhibition. These findings support efforts to reduce sources of Environmental Lead exposure and suggest alternative approaches to hyperuricemia and gout in the general population.
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Environmental Lead exposure and progressive renal insufficiency.
Archives of internal medicine, 2001Co-Authors: Ja-liang Lin, Dan-tzu Tan, Kuan-huang HsuAbstract:Background Several recent studies show that serum creatinine level or creatinine clearance is inversely associated with blood Lead levels. However, the studies did not allow direct inferences about causality. Objective To evaluate the relation between body Lead burden (BLB) and progressive renal insufficiency in patients without previous heavy Lead exposure. Design A prospective, longitudinal study with a controlled clinical trial. Patients One hundred ten patients with chronic renal insufficiency (serum creatinine level, 133-354 µmol/L [1.5-4.0 mg/dL]) and normal BLB (EDTA mobilization tests, Main Outcome Measures The primary outcome was a 1.5 times increase in the initial creatinine level. The secondary outcome was a change over time in the value of creatinine clearance. At the end of follow-up, a 3-month clinical trial with chelation therapy for patients with high-normal BLB was performed to clarify the role of Environmental Lead exposure in progressive renal insufficiency. Results Fifteen patients (14 in the high-normal BLB group and 1 in the low BLB group) reached the primary outcome within 24 months. Renal outcome was significantly better in the low BLB group ( P Conclusions Long-term low-level Environmental Lead exposure may subtly affect progressive renal insufficiency in the general population. Progressive renal insufficiency may be improved for at least 1 year after Lead chelating therapy. Further investigations are needed to clarify this observation.
Angela Mathee - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Environmental Lead exposure and pubertal trajectory classes in South African adolescent males and females.
The Science of the total environment, 2018Co-Authors: Palesa Nkomo, Nisha Naicker, Angela Mathee, Linda Richter, Juliana Kagura, Shane A. NorrisAbstract:The effects of Environmental Lead exposure in the neuro-endocrine system have been shown to impact the maturation and tempo of puberty development in adolescents. In low and middle income countries very little is known regarding the detrimental health effects of childhood Lead exposure with regard to the tempo of puberty development. To help address this gap in data, we examined the association between Lead exposure and puberty progression in males and females. Study participants from the urban Birth to Twenty Plus (BT20+) birth cohort in Soweto-Johannesburg, South Africa with data for blood Lead levels at age 13years, cord blood Lead levels, pubic hair development and breast development in females, and pubic hair development and genital development in males, were included in this study. The sample comprised 1416 study participants (n=684 females). Pubertal development trajectory classes were defined using Latent Class Growth Analysis. Data were examined for (i) an association between cord blood Lead levels and pubertal trajectory classes; and (ii) an association between blood Lead levels at age 13years and pubertal trajectory classes. In females, there was an association between adolescent elevated blood Lead levels (≥5μg/dL) and lower level of maturation at age 9years and slower progression of pubic hair and breast development (relative risk ratio (RRR)=0.45, p
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Environmental Lead exposure- a public health challenge in urban South Africa
ISEE Conference Abstracts, 2013Co-Authors: Nisha Naicker, Angela Mathee, Brendon BarnesAbstract:Background Exposure to Environmental Lead remains a major public health challenge. Aim In 2002 and 2007 cross-sectional surveys assessing Lead exposure were conducted in grade 1 children in three c...
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Environmental Lead exposure and socio-behavioural adjustment in the early teens: the birth to twenty cohort.
The Science of the total environment, 2011Co-Authors: Nisha Naicker, Angela Mathee, Linda Richter, Piet J. Becker, Shane A. NorrisAbstract:Abstract Lead exposure remains high in South Africa. Environmental Lead exposure has been associated with behaviour problems in childhood and adolescence. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between blood Lead levels and socio-behavioural problems among young adolescents in the Birth to Twenty cohort (Bt20). The uniquely South African Bt20 cohort started in 1989 and is a long-term prospective follow-up study of the health and well-being of children born in the Greater Johannesburg area. The total analytical sample size consisted of 1041 adolescents (487 males and 554 females). Blood Lead levels were obtained from whole venous blood that was collected. Thirty two items representing Rule-breaking and Aggressive behavioural characteristics from the Youth Self Report (YSR) were assessed. Bivariate and multiple regression analyses were conducted to assess for associations between blood Lead levels and socio-behavioural problems at 13 years of age. The geometric mean blood Lead level was significantly (P value High blood Lead levels are associated with anti-social and destructive behaviour amongst boys in their early teens. However, the relationships are complex and confounded by other aspects of adversity.