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Iqbal Muhamad - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Evaluación del rendimiento de los insectos omnívoros alimentados con huevos de Ephestia y quistes de Artemia de diferentes calidades, como un alimento alternativo
'Universitat Politecnica de Valencia', 2019Co-Authors: Iqbal MuhamadAbstract:[ES] Macrolophus pygmaeus, Nesidiocorus tenuis, Dicyphus errans son insectos depredadores omnívoros que se han utilizado con éxito como agentes de control biológico. Para mejorar su rendimiento, se han usado predominantemente huevos de Ephestia como alimento alternativo. Se propone el quiste de artemia como una alternativa económicamente efectiva de Ephestia. El objetivo de este experimento es evaluar el efecto de diferentes alimentos alternativos a Ephestia que consisten en Artemia de alta calidad y baja calidad para el desarrollo de estos tres depredadores. El experimento consistió en un ensayo de laboratorio donde se observó el tiempo de desarrollo, el peso, la longitud y la proporción de sexos. Continuó con un ensayo de invernadero en el que se comparó el aumento de la población de insectos alimentados por diferentes fuentes alternativas de alimentos dentro del invernadero. El resultado muestra que la Artemia de alta calidad tiene el mismo rendimiento que los tratamientos realizados con huevos de Ephestia en términos de proporción de sexos, peso, longitud y tiempo de desarrollo de los insectos. Por otra parte, la Artemia de baja calidad produce un tiempo más corto de desarrollo en etapas tempranas ninfales de M. pygmaeus y el menor número poblacional en D. errans. En condiciones de invernadero, el quiste de Artemia de alta calidad produce la más numerosa población para las tres especies de depredadores. Esto indica que la Artemia de alta calidad es un excelente alimento alternativo para todas las especies por favorecer su cría o el control biológico.[EN] Macrolophus pygmaeus, Nesidiocoris tenuis, Dicyphus errans are omnivorous predatory bugs that has been successfully applied as biological control agent. To support their performance Ephestia eggs has a dominantly been used as alternative food. Artemia cyst is proposed to be an economically effective alternative of Ephestia. The objective of this experiment is to evaluate the effect of different alternative foods consisting Ephestia, high quality and low quality of Artemia to the performance of these three predators. The experiment consisted laboratory trial where observed their developmental time, weight, length and sex ratio were observed. Followed by greenhouse trial where bugs population increase fed by different alternative food sources inside greenhouse were compared. The result shows that high quality Artemia has the same result as those given with Ephestia eggs treatment in term of sex ratio, weight, length, and development time. Meanwhile in M. pygmaeus, low quality Artemia has an accelerated development time at early nymphal stage and has the lowest population number in D. errans. Under greenhouse condition high quality Artemia cyst has the highest population number for all three species of predator. This indicates that high quality Artemia is an excellent alternative food for all species to support their rearing or biological control.This research work has been developed as a result of a mobility stay funded by the Erasmus+ - KA1 Erasmus Mundus Joint Master Degrees Programme of the European Commission under the PLANT HEALTH ProjectIqbal, M. (2019). Evaluación del rendimiento de los insectos omnívoros alimentados con huevos de Ephestia y quistes de Artemia de diferentes calidades, como un alimento alternativo. Universitat Politècnica de València. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/124178TFG
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Evaluación del rendimiento de los insectos omnívoros alimentados con huevos de Ephestia y quistes de Artemia de diferentes calidades, como un alimento alternativo
'Universitat Politecnica de Valencia', 2019Co-Authors: Iqbal MuhamadAbstract:[ES] Macrolophus pygmaeus, Nesidiocorus tenuis, Dicyphus errans son insectos depredadores omnívoros que se han utilizado con éxito como agentes de control biológico. Para mejorar su rendimiento, se han usado predominantemente huevos de Ephestia como alimento alternativo. Se propone el quiste de artemia como una alternativa económicamente efectiva de Ephestia. El objetivo de este experimento es evaluar el efecto de diferentes alimentos alternativos a Ephestia que consisten en Artemia de alta calidad y baja calidad para el desarrollo de estos tres depredadores. El experimento consistió en un ensayo de laboratorio donde se observó el tiempo de desarrollo, el peso, la longitud y la proporción de sexos. Continuó con un ensayo de invernadero en el que se comparó el aumento de la población de insectos alimentados por diferentes fuentes alternativas de alimentos dentro del invernadero. El resultado muestra que la Artemia de alta calidad tiene el mismo rendimiento que los tratamientos realizados con huevos de Ephestia en términos de proporción de sexos, peso, longitud y tiempo de desarrollo de los insectos. Por otra parte, la Artemia de baja calidad produce un tiempo más corto de desarrollo en etapas tempranas ninfales de M. pygmaeus y el menor número poblacional en D. errans. En condiciones de invernadero, el quiste de Artemia de alta calidad produce la más numerosa población para las tres especies de depredadores. Esto indica que la Artemia de alta calidad es un excelente alimento alternativo para todas las especies por favorecer su cría o el control biológico.[EN] Macrolophus pygmaeus, Nesidiocoris tenuis, Dicyphus errans are omnivorous predatory bugs that has been successfully applied as biological control agent. To support their performance Ephestia eggs has a dominantly been used as alternative food. Artemia cyst is proposed to be an economically effective alternative of Ephestia. The objective of this experiment is to evaluate the effect of different alternative foods consisting Ephestia, high quality and low quality of Artemia to the performance of these three predators. The experiment consisted laboratory trial where observed their developmental time, weight, length and sex ratio were observed. Followed by greenhouse trial where bugs population increase fed by different alternative food sources inside greenhouse were compared. The result shows that high quality Artemia has the same result as those given with Ephestia eggs treatment in term of sex ratio, weight, length, and development time. Meanwhile in M. pygmaeus, low quality Artemia has an accelerated development time at early nymphal stage and has the lowest population number in D. errans. Under greenhouse condition high quality Artemia cyst has the highest population number for all three species of predator. This indicates that high quality Artemia is an excellent alternative food for all species to support their rearing or biological control.This research work has been developed as a result of a mobility stay funded by the Erasmus+ - KA1 Erasmus Mundus Joint Master Degrees Programme of the European Commission under the PLANT HEALTH ProjectIqbal, M. (2019). Evaluación del rendimiento de los insectos omnívoros alimentados con huevos de Ephestia y quistes de Artemia de diferentes calidades, como un alimento alternativo. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/124178TFG
Abdurrahman Ayvaz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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soğukta depolamanin farkli konukcularda yetişen trichogramma evanescens westwood hym trichogrammatidae in farkli evreleri uzerine etkileri effects of cold storage on the life stages of trichogramma evanescens westwood hym trichogrammatidae rared on d
Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 2016Co-Authors: Salih Karaborklu, Abdurrahman AyvazAbstract:Bu calismada yumurta parazitoidi Trichogramma evanescens’in yumurta, larva ve pupa evreleri cesitli konukcu [Ephestia kuehniella Zeller ve Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier)] yumurtalarinda 4°C de 10, 20, 30 ve 40 gun sureyle depolanmistir. Her bir konukcu icerisinde depolanan parazitoidlerin ergin cikisi, parazitleme performanslari ve omur uzunluklarinda depolama suresine bagli olarak onemli oranda azalma gozlenmistir. Depolama suresi cikan erginlerin cinsiyet oranlarinda onemli bir degisime neden olmamistir. Depolama suresi arttikca Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier) yumurtasinda gelisen parazitoidlerin omur uzunlugundaki azalma E. kuehniella yumurtasinda gelisenlerden cok daha fazla olmustur. In this study the eggs, larvae and pupae of the egg parasitoid Trichogramma evanescens in different host eggs [Ephestia kuehniella Zeller and Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier)] were stored as parasitized host eggs at 4°C for 10, 20, 30 and 40 days. Emergence, parasitization and longevity of the adults emerged from stored host eggs decreased depending on the storage periods. Sex rations of the adults were not effected by storage temperature and periods. The decrease of the adult parasitoid longevity emerged from S. cerealella eggs was more evident than that of E. kuehniella eggs.
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soğukta depolamanin farkli konukcularda yetişen trichogramma evanescens westwood hym trichogrammatidae in farkli evreleri uzerine etkileri
Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 2007Co-Authors: Salih Karaborklu, Abdurrahman AyvazAbstract:Bu calismada yumurta parazitoidi Trichogramma evanescens’in yumurta, larva ve pupa evreleri cesitli konukcu [Ephestia kuehniella Zeller ve Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier)] yumurtalarinda 4°C de 10, 20, 30 ve 40 gun sureyle depolanmistir. Her bir konukcu icerisinde depolanan parazitoidlerin ergin cikisi, parazitleme performanslari ve omur uzunluklarinda depolama suresine bagli olarak onemli oranda azalma gozlenmistir. Depolama suresi cikan erginlerin cinsiyet oranlarinda onemli bir degisime neden olmamistir. Depolama suresi arttikca Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier) yumurtasinda gelisen parazitoidlerin omur uzunlugundaki azalma E. kuehniella yumurtasinda gelisenlerden cok daha fazla olmustur.
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influences of host age sex ratio population density and photoperiod on parasitism by trichogramma evanescens westw hym trichogrammatidae
Journal of Pest Science, 2003Co-Authors: Aydin ş Tuncbilek, Abdurrahman AyvazAbstract:Moth species Ephestia kuehniella and Sitotroga cerealella are serious pests in cereal-based food processing facilities and stores in Turkey. Control of these pests is undertaken by regular space treatment of infested areas with pesticides. An alternative control method could be the release of parasitic wasps of the genus Trichogramma. In laboratory tests, we use T. evanescens as a parasitic wasp reared on the eggs of Ephestia kuehniella. Adult wasps emerging from the host were maintained in glass tubes at 27 ± 1° C, 60–70 ± 5 % r.h and L14:D10 and fed on honey solution. Adults of T. evanescens in vials without food enclosed from host eggs and all died within 1.8 days; in comparison, in vials with honey, live adults were evident for 15.2 days. Fresh (6–48 h) and old (72–96 h) host eggs were offered to T. evanescens and fresh eggs were more accepted than old. Host acceptance of females with males in vials was better than without males. The number of females in the vials also influenced the parasitization rate and single female parasitized more eggs. Adults living in light regime (L14:D10 and L6:D18) parasitized more eggs than in total darkness. Results are discussed with relation to enhancing parasitoid effectiveness in biological control in processing facilities and mills.
Jawwad A. Qureshi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Lethal effects of insecticides and fungicides on Nesidiocoris tenuis.
2017Co-Authors: Mohammad Ali Ziaei Madbouni, Jawwad A. Qureshi, Mohammad Amin Samih, Antonio Biondi, Peyman NamvarAbstract:Percentage mortality (mean ± SEM) caused by insecticides and fungicides to Nesidiocoris tenuis after seven days of exposure of a) untreated adults to dry residues on tomato sprouts and b) treated adults to dry residues on tomato sprouts and treated eggs of the prey Ephestia kuehniella, simultaneously (multiple exposure). Within each subfigure, columns bearing no letters (Fig 1a) or sharing the same letter (Fig 1b) indicate no significant differences among treatments (P >0.05, one-way ANOVA followed by the Least Significant Difference test).
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Sublethal effects of insecticides and fungicides on Nesidiocoris tenuis reproduction.
2017Co-Authors: Mohammad Ali Ziaei Madbouni, Jawwad A. Qureshi, Mohammad Amin Samih, Antonio Biondi, Peyman NamvarAbstract:Mean (±SEM) number of nymphs produced per five females of Nesidiocoris tenuis during seven days of reproduction a) females exposed to dry residues on tomato sprouts, b) females treated with topical sprays, foraged on treated sprouts and fed on treated prey Ephestia kuehniella, simultaneously. Within each subfigure, columns sharing a common letter indicate no significant difference between treatments (P >0.05, one-way ANOVA followed by the Least Significant Difference test).
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Sublethal effects of insecticides and fungicides on Nesidiocoris tenuis reproductive capacity.
2017Co-Authors: Mohammad Ali Ziaei Madbouni, Jawwad A. Qureshi, Mohammad Amin Samih, Antonio Biondi, Peyman NamvarAbstract:Mean (±SEM) number of nymphs produced per Nesidiocoris tenuis female corrected by live females during seven days of reproduction a) females were exposed to dry residues on tomato sprouts b) females were treated with topical sprays and later foraged on treated sprouts and fed on treated prey Ephestia kuehniella, simultaneously. Within each subfigure, columns sharing a common letter indicate no significant difference between treatments (P >0.05, one-way ANOVA followed by the Least Significant Difference test).
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Reduction coefficient for Nesidiocoris tenuis exposed to insecticides and fungicides.
2017Co-Authors: Mohammad Ali Ziaei Madbouni, Jawwad A. Qureshi, Mohammad Amin Samih, Antonio Biondi, Peyman NamvarAbstract:Reduction coefficient (Ex) of Nesidiocoris tenuis in insecticide and fungicide treatments integrating survival and reproduction data (a) exposed to dry residues on tomato sprouts, (b) exposed to topical sprays and later foraged on treated sprouts and fed on treated prey Ephestia kuehniella, simultaneously. Within each subfigure, columns sharing a common letter indicate no significant difference between treatments (P >0.05, one-way ANOVA followed by the Least Significant Difference test). Light color bars represent insecticides and dark color bars represent fungicides.
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induction of reproductive diapause in hippodamia convergens coleoptera coccinellidae hinges on prey quality and availability
European Journal of Endocrinology, 2005Co-Authors: J P Michaud, Jawwad A. QureshiAbstract:In the High Plains of western Kansas, USA, the convergent lady beetle Hippodamia convergens Guerin completes a spring generation feeding on cereal aphids in winter wheat before leaving fields in large numbers around the time of harvest. In late May, large aggregations of coccinellids form on wild sunflowers, Helianthus annuus, and certain other weeds, that appear to serve as important sources of water absorption for the beetles, and other beneficial insects, during the dry prairie summer. Adult beetles were collected from sunflower plants and held in four treatments: (1) access to water only, (2) access to sunflower stalks only, (3) eggs of Ephestia kuehniella provided ad libitum + water and, (4) greenbug, Schizaphis graminum Rondani provided ad libitum. Most females fed greenbug matured eggs in less than a week and only a few entered reproductive diapause. In contrast, more than half of the females fed Ephestia eggs, an inferior diet, entered reproductive diapause, and those that matured eggs required an average of almost three weeks to do so. Time to 50% mortality was 7 days for beetles receiving only water, and 12 days for those receiving only sunflower stalks, whereupon all survivors were fed greenbug. Even after feeding on greenbugs for a month, less than half of the surviving females in these two treatments produced eggs. We conclude that reproductive diapause is an important adaptation for improving H. convergens survival during summer when aphids are scarce, although females will forgo diapause if they have con- tinuous access to high quality prey.
J P Michaud - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sublethal concentrations of spinosad synergize the pathogenicity of fungi to larvae of Ephestia kuehniella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
'Biology Centre AS CR', 2021Co-Authors: Fariba Sohrabi, Fatemeh Jamali, J P MichaudAbstract:We evaluated the efficacy of four entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) and their compatibility with the bioinsecticide spinosad for control of Ephestia kuehniella (Zeller) under laboratory conditions. Three EPF, including Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo-Criveili) Vuillemin isolates Z1 and Iran 1395C, Lecanicillium (= Verticillium) lecanii (Zimmerman) Zare & Gams, isolate Iran 229, and Purpureocillium (Paecilomyces) lilacinum (Thom) Luangs-ard, Hywel-Jones & Samson, isolate Iran 1026 were tested against third and fifth larval instars of Ephestia kuehniella using a filter paper bioassay. Mortality caused by the EPF ranged from 63.3-72.5% for third instars and 50-65.5% for fifth instars, with LT50 ranging from 8.4-10.5 d and 10.1-12.9 d, respectively. The effect of spinosad at LC10 (= 26.2 ppm) on EPF spore germination was evaluated and found to be negligible, ranging from 0% for B. bassiana Z1 to 5.7% for P. lilacinum. The LC50 values for spinosad against third and fifth instar E. kuehniella larvae were 452.5 and 1446 ppm, respectively. Subsequently, spinosad at LC10 was applied to third instar E. kuehniella larvae 24 h before application of the EPFs at LC50. The addition of spinosad to applications of L. lecanii and B. bassiana Z1 and Iran1395C isolates synergized their pathogenicity to E. kuehniella larvae, whereas the effect was merely additive for P. lilacinum. Our results suggest that these EPF isolates can be used effectively in combination with spinosad for management of E. kuehniella in stored products
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intraguild predation between lady beetles and lacewings outcomes and consequences vary with focal prey and arena of interaction
Annals of The Entomological Society of America, 2012Co-Authors: Christophe Noppe, J P Michaud, Patrick De ClercqAbstract:ABSTRACT We examined reciprocal intraguild predation (IGP) and cannibalism among various combinations of Coleomegilla maculata DeGeer and Chrysoperla cornea Stephens larvae as they developed feeding on greenbugs, Schizaphis graminum Rondani, on sorghum plants in microcosms. Pairs of C. maculata larvae suppressed aphids better than pairs of C. carnea larvae or heterospecific larval pairs and yielded the highest rate of plant survival. IGP by C. carnea larvae occurred mostly in the first instar, whereas C. maculata larvae were more aggressive in later instars. Although C. carnea was the superior intraguild predator, winning 62.7% of contests in microcosms, this value increased to 88.9% when the experiment was repeated in petri dishes without plant material, regardless of whether greenbugs or eggs of Ephestia kuehniella Zeller were offered as focal prey. Provision in petri dishes of the sessile, higher quality prey (Ephestia) as opposed to greenbugs, improved the survival of solitary larvae and delayed canni...
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Intraguild predation between lady beetles and lacewings: outcomes and consequences vary with focal prey and arena of interaction
'Entomological Society of America', 2012Co-Authors: Noppe Christophe, J P Michaud, De Clercq PatrickAbstract:We examined reciprocal intraguild predation (IGP) and cannibalism among various combinations of Coleomegilla maculata DeGeer and Chrysoperla carnea Stephens larvae as they developed feeding on greenbugs, Schizaphis graminum Rondani, on sorghum plants in microcosms. Pairs of C. maculata larvae suppressed aphids better than pairs of C. carnea larvae or heterospecific larval pairs and yielded the highest rate of plant survival. IGP by C. carnea larvae occurred mostly in the first instar, whereas C. maculata larvae were more aggressive in later instars. Although C. carnea was the superior intraguild predator, winning 62.7% of contests in microcosms, this value increased to 88.9% when the experiment was repeated in petri dishes without plant material, regardless of whether greenbugs or eggs of Ephestia kuehniella Zeller were offered as focal prey. Provision in petri dishes of the sessile, higher quality prey (Ephestia) as opposed to greenbugs, improved the survival of solitary larvae and delayed cannibalism and IGP until later developmental stages in both species. Larvae of C. maculata that cannibalized took longer to develop and weighed less at pupation, independent of the arena or prey offered. Although larvae of C. carnea did not pay a cost for cannibalism or IGP in microcosms, there were some negative developmental effects of IGP in petri dishes, particularly on the Ephestia diet. These results illustrate how the plant, as a substrate, can mediate the strength of IGP interactions and how the relative suitability of the focal prey can influence both the timing and consequences of cannibalism and IGP
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induction of reproductive diapause in hippodamia convergens coleoptera coccinellidae hinges on prey quality and availability
European Journal of Endocrinology, 2005Co-Authors: J P Michaud, Jawwad A. QureshiAbstract:In the High Plains of western Kansas, USA, the convergent lady beetle Hippodamia convergens Guerin completes a spring generation feeding on cereal aphids in winter wheat before leaving fields in large numbers around the time of harvest. In late May, large aggregations of coccinellids form on wild sunflowers, Helianthus annuus, and certain other weeds, that appear to serve as important sources of water absorption for the beetles, and other beneficial insects, during the dry prairie summer. Adult beetles were collected from sunflower plants and held in four treatments: (1) access to water only, (2) access to sunflower stalks only, (3) eggs of Ephestia kuehniella provided ad libitum + water and, (4) greenbug, Schizaphis graminum Rondani provided ad libitum. Most females fed greenbug matured eggs in less than a week and only a few entered reproductive diapause. In contrast, more than half of the females fed Ephestia eggs, an inferior diet, entered reproductive diapause, and those that matured eggs required an average of almost three weeks to do so. Time to 50% mortality was 7 days for beetles receiving only water, and 12 days for those receiving only sunflower stalks, whereupon all survivors were fed greenbug. Even after feeding on greenbugs for a month, less than half of the surviving females in these two treatments produced eggs. We conclude that reproductive diapause is an important adaptation for improving H. convergens survival during summer when aphids are scarce, although females will forgo diapause if they have con- tinuous access to high quality prey.
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induction of reproductive diapause in hippodamia convergens coleoptera coccinellidae hinges on prey quality and availability
European Journal of Entomology, 2005Co-Authors: J P Michaud, Jawwad A. QureshiAbstract:In the High Plains of western Kansas, USA, the convergent lady beetle Hippodamia convergens Guerin completes a spring generation feeding on cereal aphids in winter wheat before leaving fields in large numbers around the time of harvest. In late May, large aggregations of coccinellids form on wild sunflowers, Helianthus annuus, and certain other weeds, that appear to serve as important sources of water absorption for the beetles, and other beneficial insects, during the dry prairie summer. Adult beetles were collected from sunflower plants and held in four treatments: (1) access to water only, (2) access to sunflower stalks only, (3) eggs of Ephestia kuehniella provided ad libitum + water and, (4) greenbug, Schizaphis graminum Rondani provided ad libitum. Most females fed greenbug matured eggs in less than a week and only a few entered reproductive diapause. In contrast, more than half of the females fed Ephestia eggs, an inferior diet, entered reproductive diapause, and those that matured eggs required an average of almost three weeks to do so. Time to 50% mortality was 7 days for beetles receiving only water, and 12 days for those receiving only sunflower stalks, whereupon all survivors were fed greenbug. Even after feeding on greenbugs for a month, less than half of the surviving females in these two treatments produced eggs. We conclude that reproductive diapause is an important adaptation for improving H. convergens survival during summer when aphids are scarce, although females will forgo diapause if they have con- tinuous access to high quality prey.
Joan Lai-fook - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The hairpencils of the flour moth Ephestia kuehniella
Journal of Zoology, 2009Co-Authors: Sarah A Corbet, Joan Lai-fookAbstract:The hairpencils of the Mediterranean flour moth, Ephestia kuehniella Zeller, are tufts of modified scales between the seventh and eighth abdominal segments of the adult males. The fine structure and development of a hairpencil organule is described. A process of the trichogen cell secretes the modified scale and then withdraws, and the cell invaginates forming a microvillous lumen into which pheromone is probably secreted. This lumen communicates with the outside via rows of pores in the hollow scale. The opening of these pores when the moth emerges from the pupal cuticle may be a result of the drying out of the membrane that covered them. The socket of the hairpencil scale is secreted by a tormogen cell. The hairpencils of male Lepidoptera differ in position from family to family, but the organules that compose them seem to share a common structure. Epidermal glands and organules are classified in a scheme that takes account of their mode of development.