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William G Wade - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Characterisation of Eubacterium-like strains isolated from oral infections
    Journal of Medical Microbiology, 2001
    Co-Authors: Julia Downes, Mark A Munson, Eveliina Tarkka, Hannele Jousimies-somer, Deborah A. Spratt, Eija Kononen, William G Wade
    Abstract:

    The genus Eubacterium currently includes a heterogeneous group of gram-positive, non-spore-forming anaerobic bacilli, many of which are slow growing, fastidious and generally unreactive in biochemical tests. As a consequence, cultivation and identification of isolates are difficult and the taxonomy of the group remains indifferent. In this study, 105 isolates from odontogenic infections, infections associated with dental implants or saliva from healthy subjects and provisionally assigned to the genus Eubacterium were subjected to phenotypic and genotypic analysis. Ninety-one of the isolates were identified as belonging to one of 14 previously described species: Atopobium parvulum (5 isolates), A. rimae (29), Bulleidia extructa (2), Cryptobacterium curtum (1), Dialister pneumosintes (1), Eubacterium saburreum (2), E. sulci (8), E. yurii subsp. yurii (1), Filifactor alocis (3), Lactobacillus uli (1), Mogibacterium timidum (13), M. vescum (6), Pseudoramibacter alactolyticus (6) and Slackia exigua (13). The remaining 14 isolates did not correspond to existing species. This study confirms the diversity of organisms provisionally assigned to the genus Eubacterium by conventional identification methods. This group of organisms is frequently isolated from oral infections but their role in the aetiology of these conditions has yet to be determined.

  • the family coriobacteriaceae reclassification of Eubacterium exiguum poco etal 1996 and peptostreptococcus heliotrinreducens lanigan 1976 as slackia exigua gen nov comb nov and slackia heliotrinireducens gen nov comb nov and Eubacterium lentum prevot
    International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 1999
    Co-Authors: William G Wade, David Dymock, Sarah J Hiom, Nia Tzellas, Julia Downes, Floyd E Dewhirst, Bruce J Paster, Andrew J. Weightman, Brittney Coleman
    Abstract:

    16S rRNA gene sequences were determined for Eubacterium exiguum and Peptostreptococcus heliotrinreducens. These species were found to be closely related and, together with Eubacterium lentum, to constitute a branch of the Coriobacteriaceae. Two new genera are proposed on the basis of phenotypic characteristics and 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons: Slackia to include the bile-sensitive species Eubacterium exiguum and P. heliotrinreducens, and Eggerthella to include the bile-resistant Eubacterium lentum. It is proposed that Eubacterium exiguum and Peptostreptococcus heliotrinreducens are transferred to the genus Slackia gen. nov. as Slackia exigua gen. nov., comb. nov. (type strain ATCC 700122T) and Slackia heliotrinireducens gen. nov., comb. nov. (type strain NTCC 11029T). respectively, and Eubacterium lentum is transferred to the genus Eggerthella gen. nov. as Eggerthella lenta gen. nov., comb. nov. with Eggerthella lenta as the type species.

  • The family Coriobacteriaceae: reclassification of Eubacterium exiguum (Poco et al. 1996) and Peptostreptococcus heliotrinreducens (Lanigan 1976) as Slackia exigua gen. nov., comb. nov. and Slackia heliotrinireducens gen. nov., comb. nov., and Eubacte
    International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 1999
    Co-Authors: William G Wade, David Dymock, Sarah J Hiom, Nia Tzellas, Julia Downes, Floyd E Dewhirst, Bruce J Paster, Andrew J. Weightman, Brittney Coleman
    Abstract:

    16S rRNA gene sequences were determined for Eubacterium exiguum and Peptostreptococcus heliotrinreducens. These species were found to be closely related and, together with Eubacterium lentum, to constitute a branch of the Coriobacteriaceae. Two new genera are proposed on the basis of phenotypic characteristics and 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons: Slackia to include the bile-sensitive species Eubacterium exiguum and P. heliotrinreducens, and Eggerthella to include the bile-resistant Eubacterium lentum. It is proposed that Eubacterium exiguum and Peptostreptococcus heliotrinreducens are transferred to the genus Slackia gen. nov. as Slackia exigua gen. nov., comb. nov. (type strain ATCC 700122T) and Slackia heliotrinireducens gen. nov., comb. nov. (type strain NTCC 11029T). respectively, and Eubacterium lentum is transferred to the genus Eggerthella gen. nov. as Eggerthella lenta gen. nov., comb. nov. with Eggerthella lenta as the type species.

  • Diversity of oral asaccharolytic Eubacterium species in periodontitis--identification of novel phylotypes representing uncultivated taxa.
    Oral Microbiology and Immunology, 1999
    Co-Authors: D. A. Spratt, Andrew J. Weightman, William G Wade
    Abstract:

    Oral asaccharolytic Eubacterium species are associated with periodontal disease and other oral infections. The aim of this study was to use a culture-independent molecular technique to determine the diversity of asaccharolytic Eubacterium species in subgingival plaque in periodontitis. An oligonucleotide PCR primer designed to amplify 16S rRNA genes of the oral asaccharolytic Eubacterium branch of the phylogenetic tree was constructed. This primer was used together with a universal primer in PCRs to amplify gene sequences directly from a single subgingival plaque sample. Fifty PCR products were purified by cloning, fully sequenced and subjected to molecular phylogenetic analysis. The sequences were assigned to four groups within a single lineage of the low G + C gram-positive bacteria. Group I (58% of the cloned sequences) was assigned to a branch that included Eubacterium nodatum, and Group II (22%) to a branch including Eubacterium infirmum. Group III (8%) was distinct from but related to E. infirmum at the species level, and Group IV (12%) was another novel taxon more distantly related to E. infirmum and E. nodatum.

  • The Role of Eubacterium Species in Periodontal Disease and Other Oral Infections
    Microbial Ecology in Health and Disease, 1996
    Co-Authors: William G Wade
    Abstract:

    Periodontal disease has been traditionally associated with an anaerobic gram-negative microbiota. However, improvements in sampling handling and culture media have revealed that gram-positive anaerobes belonging to the genus Eubacterium can make up around half of the microbiota in advanced disease. The asaccharolytic species E. brachy, E. nodatum, E. saphenum and E. timidum show significant associations with severe periodontal disease, but are only rarely found in oral health. Antibodies to E. brachy and E. timidum are raised in patients with periodontal disease compared with healthy controls. Studies of the genus are hampered by the poor and slow growth of the majority of species and the indifferent taxonomy of the group. It is estimated that there are at least 20 un-named taxa. 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing has revealed that the oral asaccharolytic Eubacterium species are closely related to the genera Clostridium and Peptostreptococcus and exhibit three distinct lines of descent. Virulence factors produced by these organisms are as yet unknown although one unnamed taxon which is strongly associated with dento-alveolar abscesses has been established in continuous culture and has been shown to exhibit a wide range of aminopeptidase activity. Keywords: Eubacterium , periodontitis.

Brittney Coleman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Michael Blaut - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • phylogeny of human intestinal bacteria that activate the dietary lignan secoisolariciresinol diglucoside
    FEMS Microbiology Ecology, 2006
    Co-Authors: Thomas Clavel, Gemma Henderson, Wolfram Engst, Joel Dore, Michael Blaut
    Abstract:

    The human intestinal microbiota is essential for the conversion of the dietary lignan secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG) via secoisolariciresinol (SECO) to the enterolignans enterodiol (ED) and enterolactone (EL). However, knowledge of the species that catalyse the underlying reactions is scant. Therefore, we focused our attention on the identification of intestinal bacteria involved in the conversion of SDG. Strains of Bacteroides distasonis, Bacteroides fragilis, Bacteroides ovatus and Clostridium cocleatum , as well as the newly isolated strain Clostridium sp. SDG-Mt85-3Db, deglycosylated SDG. Demethylation of SECO was catalysed by strains of Butyribacterium methylotrophicum, Eubacterium callanderi, Eubacterium limosum and Peptostreptococcus productus . Dehydroxylation of SECO was catalysed by strains of Clostridium scindens and Eggerthella lenta . Finally, the newly isolated strain ED-Mt61/PYG-s6 catalysed the dehydrogenation of ED to EL. The results indicate that the activation of SDG involves phylogenetically diverse bacteria, most of which are members of the dominant human intestinal microbiota.

  • Influence of resistant starch on the SCFA production and cell counts of butyrate‐producing Eubacterium spp. in the human intestine
    Journal of Applied Microbiology, 2002
    Co-Authors: Andreas Schwiertz, U. Lehmann, Gisela Jacobasch, Michael Blaut
    Abstract:

    Aims:  The genus Eubacterium, which is the second most common genus in the human intestine, includes several known butyrate producers. We hypothesized that Eubacterium species play a role in the intestinal butyrate production and are inducible by resistant starch. Methods and Results:  In a human pilot study species-specific and group-specific 16S rRNA-targeted, Cy3 (indocarbocyanine)-labelled oligonucleotide probes were used to quantify butyrogenic species of the genera Eubacterium, Clostridium and Ruminococcus. Following the intake of RS type III a significant increase in faecal butyrate but not in total SCFA was observed. However, increase in butyrate was not accompanied by a proliferation in the targeted bacteria. Conclusions:  The tested Eubacterium species have the capacity to produce butyrate but do not appear to play a major role for butyric acid production in the human intestine. Significance and Impact of the Study: In view of the fact that the bacteria responsible for butyrate production are largely unknown, it is still difficult to devise a dietary intervention to stimulate butyrogenic bacteria in a targeted way.

  • influence of resistant starch on the scfa production and cell counts of butyrate producing Eubacterium spp in the human intestine
    Journal of Applied Microbiology, 2002
    Co-Authors: Andreas Schwiertz, U. Lehmann, Gisela Jacobasch, Michael Blaut
    Abstract:

    Aims:  The genus Eubacterium, which is the second most common genus in the human intestine, includes several known butyrate producers. We hypothesized that Eubacterium species play a role in the intestinal butyrate production and are inducible by resistant starch. Methods and Results:  In a human pilot study species-specific and group-specific 16S rRNA-targeted, Cy3 (indocarbocyanine)-labelled oligonucleotide probes were used to quantify butyrogenic species of the genera Eubacterium, Clostridium and Ruminococcus. Following the intake of RS type III a significant increase in faecal butyrate but not in total SCFA was observed. However, increase in butyrate was not accompanied by a proliferation in the targeted bacteria. Conclusions:  The tested Eubacterium species have the capacity to produce butyrate but do not appear to play a major role for butyric acid production in the human intestine. Significance and Impact of the Study: In view of the fact that the bacteria responsible for butyrate production are largely unknown, it is still difficult to devise a dietary intervention to stimulate butyrogenic bacteria in a targeted way.

  • Reclassification of Eubacterium formicigenerans Holdeman and Moore 1974 as Dorea formicigenerans gen. nov., comb. nov., and description of Dorea longicatena sp. nov., isolated from human faeces.
    International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 2002
    Co-Authors: David Taras, Rainer Simmering, Matthew D. Collins, Paul A. Lawson, Michael Blaut
    Abstract:

    Two strains of a gram-positively staining, obligately anaerobic, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped bacterium, designated strains 111-13A and 111-35T, were isolated from human faeces. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that these strains were members of the Clostridium coccoides rRNA group of organisms. The nearest relatives of the unknown bacterium were Eubacterium formicigenerans (having a sequence similarity of 94%) and an uncultured bacterium (similarity > 99%). Characterization studies indicated that the unidentified faecal bacterium was biochemically distinct from Eubacterium formicigenerans, members of the Clostridium coccoides group and all other described Eubacterium species. On the basis of the data from these studies, it is proposed that the hitherto unknown rod-shaped bacterium be designated a species of a novel genus, namely Dorea longicatena gen. nov., sp. nov., and that Eubacterium formicigenerans be transferred to this genus as Dorea formicigenerans gen. nov., comb. nov.

  • Quantification of Different Eubacterium spp. in Human Fecal Samples with Species-Specific 16S rRNA-Targeted Oligonucleotide Probes
    Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2000
    Co-Authors: Andreas Schwiertz, Gwenaelle Le Blay, Michael Blaut
    Abstract:

    Species-specific 16S rRNA-targeted, Cy3 (indocarbocyanine)-labeled oligonucleotide probes were designed and validated to quantify different Eubacterium species in human fecal samples. Probes were directed at Eubacterium barkeri, E. biforme, E. contortum, E. cylindroides (two probes), E. dolichum, E. hadrum, E. lentum, E. limosum, E. moniliforme, and E. ventriosum. The specificity of the probes was tested with the type strains and a range of common intestinal bacteria. With one exception, none of the probes showed cross-hybridization under stringent conditions. The species-specific probes were applied to fecal samples obtained from 12 healthy volunteers. E. biforme, E. cylindroides, E. hadrum, E. lentum, and E. ventriosum could be determined. All other Eubacterium species for which probes had been designed were under the detection limit of 107 cells g (dry weight) of feces−1. The cell counts obtained are essentially in accordance with the literature data, which are based on colony counts. This shows that whole-cell in situ hybridization with species-specific probes is a valuable tool for the enumeration of Eubacterium species in feces.

Andrew J. Weightman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the family coriobacteriaceae reclassification of Eubacterium exiguum poco etal 1996 and peptostreptococcus heliotrinreducens lanigan 1976 as slackia exigua gen nov comb nov and slackia heliotrinireducens gen nov comb nov and Eubacterium lentum prevot
    International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 1999
    Co-Authors: William G Wade, David Dymock, Sarah J Hiom, Nia Tzellas, Julia Downes, Floyd E Dewhirst, Bruce J Paster, Andrew J. Weightman, Brittney Coleman
    Abstract:

    16S rRNA gene sequences were determined for Eubacterium exiguum and Peptostreptococcus heliotrinreducens. These species were found to be closely related and, together with Eubacterium lentum, to constitute a branch of the Coriobacteriaceae. Two new genera are proposed on the basis of phenotypic characteristics and 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons: Slackia to include the bile-sensitive species Eubacterium exiguum and P. heliotrinreducens, and Eggerthella to include the bile-resistant Eubacterium lentum. It is proposed that Eubacterium exiguum and Peptostreptococcus heliotrinreducens are transferred to the genus Slackia gen. nov. as Slackia exigua gen. nov., comb. nov. (type strain ATCC 700122T) and Slackia heliotrinireducens gen. nov., comb. nov. (type strain NTCC 11029T). respectively, and Eubacterium lentum is transferred to the genus Eggerthella gen. nov. as Eggerthella lenta gen. nov., comb. nov. with Eggerthella lenta as the type species.

  • The family Coriobacteriaceae: reclassification of Eubacterium exiguum (Poco et al. 1996) and Peptostreptococcus heliotrinreducens (Lanigan 1976) as Slackia exigua gen. nov., comb. nov. and Slackia heliotrinireducens gen. nov., comb. nov., and Eubacte
    International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 1999
    Co-Authors: William G Wade, David Dymock, Sarah J Hiom, Nia Tzellas, Julia Downes, Floyd E Dewhirst, Bruce J Paster, Andrew J. Weightman, Brittney Coleman
    Abstract:

    16S rRNA gene sequences were determined for Eubacterium exiguum and Peptostreptococcus heliotrinreducens. These species were found to be closely related and, together with Eubacterium lentum, to constitute a branch of the Coriobacteriaceae. Two new genera are proposed on the basis of phenotypic characteristics and 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons: Slackia to include the bile-sensitive species Eubacterium exiguum and P. heliotrinreducens, and Eggerthella to include the bile-resistant Eubacterium lentum. It is proposed that Eubacterium exiguum and Peptostreptococcus heliotrinreducens are transferred to the genus Slackia gen. nov. as Slackia exigua gen. nov., comb. nov. (type strain ATCC 700122T) and Slackia heliotrinireducens gen. nov., comb. nov. (type strain NTCC 11029T). respectively, and Eubacterium lentum is transferred to the genus Eggerthella gen. nov. as Eggerthella lenta gen. nov., comb. nov. with Eggerthella lenta as the type species.

  • Diversity of oral asaccharolytic Eubacterium species in periodontitis--identification of novel phylotypes representing uncultivated taxa.
    Oral Microbiology and Immunology, 1999
    Co-Authors: D. A. Spratt, Andrew J. Weightman, William G Wade
    Abstract:

    Oral asaccharolytic Eubacterium species are associated with periodontal disease and other oral infections. The aim of this study was to use a culture-independent molecular technique to determine the diversity of asaccharolytic Eubacterium species in subgingival plaque in periodontitis. An oligonucleotide PCR primer designed to amplify 16S rRNA genes of the oral asaccharolytic Eubacterium branch of the phylogenetic tree was constructed. This primer was used together with a universal primer in PCRs to amplify gene sequences directly from a single subgingival plaque sample. Fifty PCR products were purified by cloning, fully sequenced and subjected to molecular phylogenetic analysis. The sequences were assigned to four groups within a single lineage of the low G + C gram-positive bacteria. Group I (58% of the cloned sequences) was assigned to a branch that included Eubacterium nodatum, and Group II (22%) to a branch including Eubacterium infirmum. Group III (8%) was distinct from but related to E. infirmum at the species level, and Group IV (12%) was another novel taxon more distantly related to E. infirmum and E. nodatum.

  • Eubacterium minutum is an earlier synonym of Eubacterium tardum and has priority.
    International journal of systematic bacteriology, 1999
    Co-Authors: W G Wade, J Downes, M A Munson, Andrew J. Weightman
    Abstract:

    The recently proposed species Eubacterium minutum and Eubacterium tardum appeared to be similar from their published descriptions. The aim of this study was to perform phenotypic and genetic analyses of strains of both species to clarify their taxonomic position. The type strains of E. minutum and E. tardum exhibited identical biochemical and protein profiles and their 16S rRNA gene sequences displayed 99.9% similarity. The G + C content of the DNA of both strains was estimated at 45 mol%. It is concluded that E. minutum and E. tardum are synonyms; E. minutum has priority. An emended description of E. minutum is given.

  • Phylogeny of oral asaccharolytic Eubacterium species determined by 16S ribosomal DNA sequence comparison and proposal of Eubacterium infirmum sp. nov. and Eubacterium tardum sp. nov.
    International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 1996
    Co-Authors: Sarah L. Cheeseman, Sarah J Hiom, Andrew J. Weightman, William G Wade
    Abstract:

    16S rRNA gene sequences of Eubacterium brachy, Eubacterium nodatum, Eubacterium saphenum, Eubacterium timidum, and two previously unnamed taxa were determined. The results of a phylogenetic analysis indicated that all of the strains sequenced belonged to a deep branch of the low-G + C-content gram-positive group. The levels of 16S ribosomal DNA sequence similarity between species were low, suggesting that a number of genera may be represented in this group. The representatives of the two unnamed taxa, which were isolated from patients with periodontitis, were clearly distinct from the previously described species, and, therefore, the following two new species are proposed: Eubacterium infirmum (type strain, NCTC 12940) and Eubacterium tardum (type strain, NCTC 12941).

Julia Downes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Characterisation of Eubacterium-like strains isolated from oral infections
    Journal of Medical Microbiology, 2001
    Co-Authors: Julia Downes, Mark A Munson, Eveliina Tarkka, Hannele Jousimies-somer, Deborah A. Spratt, Eija Kononen, William G Wade
    Abstract:

    The genus Eubacterium currently includes a heterogeneous group of gram-positive, non-spore-forming anaerobic bacilli, many of which are slow growing, fastidious and generally unreactive in biochemical tests. As a consequence, cultivation and identification of isolates are difficult and the taxonomy of the group remains indifferent. In this study, 105 isolates from odontogenic infections, infections associated with dental implants or saliva from healthy subjects and provisionally assigned to the genus Eubacterium were subjected to phenotypic and genotypic analysis. Ninety-one of the isolates were identified as belonging to one of 14 previously described species: Atopobium parvulum (5 isolates), A. rimae (29), Bulleidia extructa (2), Cryptobacterium curtum (1), Dialister pneumosintes (1), Eubacterium saburreum (2), E. sulci (8), E. yurii subsp. yurii (1), Filifactor alocis (3), Lactobacillus uli (1), Mogibacterium timidum (13), M. vescum (6), Pseudoramibacter alactolyticus (6) and Slackia exigua (13). The remaining 14 isolates did not correspond to existing species. This study confirms the diversity of organisms provisionally assigned to the genus Eubacterium by conventional identification methods. This group of organisms is frequently isolated from oral infections but their role in the aetiology of these conditions has yet to be determined.

  • the family coriobacteriaceae reclassification of Eubacterium exiguum poco etal 1996 and peptostreptococcus heliotrinreducens lanigan 1976 as slackia exigua gen nov comb nov and slackia heliotrinireducens gen nov comb nov and Eubacterium lentum prevot
    International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 1999
    Co-Authors: William G Wade, David Dymock, Sarah J Hiom, Nia Tzellas, Julia Downes, Floyd E Dewhirst, Bruce J Paster, Andrew J. Weightman, Brittney Coleman
    Abstract:

    16S rRNA gene sequences were determined for Eubacterium exiguum and Peptostreptococcus heliotrinreducens. These species were found to be closely related and, together with Eubacterium lentum, to constitute a branch of the Coriobacteriaceae. Two new genera are proposed on the basis of phenotypic characteristics and 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons: Slackia to include the bile-sensitive species Eubacterium exiguum and P. heliotrinreducens, and Eggerthella to include the bile-resistant Eubacterium lentum. It is proposed that Eubacterium exiguum and Peptostreptococcus heliotrinreducens are transferred to the genus Slackia gen. nov. as Slackia exigua gen. nov., comb. nov. (type strain ATCC 700122T) and Slackia heliotrinireducens gen. nov., comb. nov. (type strain NTCC 11029T). respectively, and Eubacterium lentum is transferred to the genus Eggerthella gen. nov. as Eggerthella lenta gen. nov., comb. nov. with Eggerthella lenta as the type species.

  • The family Coriobacteriaceae: reclassification of Eubacterium exiguum (Poco et al. 1996) and Peptostreptococcus heliotrinreducens (Lanigan 1976) as Slackia exigua gen. nov., comb. nov. and Slackia heliotrinireducens gen. nov., comb. nov., and Eubacte
    International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 1999
    Co-Authors: William G Wade, David Dymock, Sarah J Hiom, Nia Tzellas, Julia Downes, Floyd E Dewhirst, Bruce J Paster, Andrew J. Weightman, Brittney Coleman
    Abstract:

    16S rRNA gene sequences were determined for Eubacterium exiguum and Peptostreptococcus heliotrinreducens. These species were found to be closely related and, together with Eubacterium lentum, to constitute a branch of the Coriobacteriaceae. Two new genera are proposed on the basis of phenotypic characteristics and 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons: Slackia to include the bile-sensitive species Eubacterium exiguum and P. heliotrinreducens, and Eggerthella to include the bile-resistant Eubacterium lentum. It is proposed that Eubacterium exiguum and Peptostreptococcus heliotrinreducens are transferred to the genus Slackia gen. nov. as Slackia exigua gen. nov., comb. nov. (type strain ATCC 700122T) and Slackia heliotrinireducens gen. nov., comb. nov. (type strain NTCC 11029T). respectively, and Eubacterium lentum is transferred to the genus Eggerthella gen. nov. as Eggerthella lenta gen. nov., comb. nov. with Eggerthella lenta as the type species.