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Andrew C Sparkes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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developing mixed methods research in sport and Exercise Psychology critical reflections on five points of controversy
Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 2015Co-Authors: Andrew C SparkesAbstract:Abstract Objectives To stimulate debate in sport and Exercise Psychology about the nature of mixed methods research as currently practiced and how this approach might develop in the future. Design An exploration of five points of controversy relating to mixed methods research. Method A presentation of critical reflections on the following. (1) Mixing methods as a non-debate, (2) Purists, pragmatists and mixing paradigms, (3) Integrating findings and representational forms, (4) Judgment criteria and mixed methods research, and (5) Power, politics and what counts in mixed methods research. Results The examples provided of mixed methods research in action indicate that a number of problematic issues regarding both process and product have been neglected. Conclusions Mixed methods research offers a number of conceptual, practical and pedagogical challenges that need to be addressed if this form of inquiry is to develop its full potential in sport and Exercise Psychology.
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narrative analysis and sport and Exercise Psychology understanding lives in diverse ways
Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 2009Co-Authors: Brett Smith, Andrew C SparkesAbstract:Abstract Objectives This article seeks to expand our understanding on narrative and the analysis of stories within the domain of sport and Exercise Psychology. Its intention is to describe, and not finalise or prescribe, what narrative analysis can be by illuminating a range of different ways in which sport and Exercise psychologists might make sense of stories. Results Painting with broad strokes, some reasons as to why narrative analysis might be relevant for sport and Exercise psychologists is first considered and then a description of narrative analysis is offered. Next, in order to better understand what narrative analysis can mean an original typology of different ways in which stories can be analysed is introduced. Illuminated by the typology are two contrasting standpoints toward narrative analysis—story analyst and storyteller—and three specific methods—structural, performative, and ethnodramatic creative analytic practices—that each standpoint might use to analyse the whats and hows of storytelling. Conclusion The article closes by suggesting that sport and Exercise psychologists might consider using a variety of analyses in order to assist them to understand the complexities of people's lives in diverse ways.
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narrative inquiry in sport and Exercise Psychology what can it mean and why might we do it
Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 2009Co-Authors: Brett Smith, Andrew C SparkesAbstract:Abstract Objectives Narrative inquiry is one form of qualitative research that is burgeoning within the human sciences. However, in sport and Exercise Psychology little attention has been given to this approach. In this article, we seek to rectify this situation by offering an understanding of what narrative inquiry can be. Results In order to begin to better understand what narrative inquiry as a methodology can be, and gain some theoretical purchase on a difficult field without aiming for a final answer, we first define narrative. Next, a distillation of guiding assumptions and characteristics are offered. Finally, some reasons as to why narratives may be of benefit for the field of sport and Exercise Psychology are highlighted. Conclusion Narrative inquiry is a useful and important way of theorising and doing research in the domain of sport and Exercise Psychology. It should not, however, be taken up or practised simply because it is new or fashionable. Informed, principled, and responsible choices must be made by researchers and applied professionals about why and when they might engage with narrative inquiry should they wish to do so.
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research methods in sport and Exercise Psychology quantitative and qualitative issues
Journal of Sports Sciences, 2001Co-Authors: Stuart J H Biddle, Nikos L D Chatzisarantis, David Markland, David Gilbourne, Andrew C SparkesAbstract:Contemporary aspects of research methods in sport and Exercise Psychology are discussed in this wide-ranging review. After an introduction centred on trends in sport and Exercise Psychology methods, the review is organized around the major themes of quantitative and qualitative research. Our aim is to highlight areas that may be problematic or controversial (e.g. stepwise statistical procedures), underused (e.g. discriminant analysis), increasingly used (e.g. meta-analysis, structural equation modelling, qualitative content analysis) and emergent (e.g. realist tales of writing). Perspectives range from the technical and speculative to the controversial and critical. While deliberately not providing a 'cookbook' approach to research methods, we hope to provide enough material to help researchers to appreciate the diversity of potential methods and to adopt a more critical perspective in their own research consumption and production.
Brett Smith - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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qualitative research in six sport and Exercise Psychology journals between 2010 and 2017 an updated and expanded review of trends and interpretations
International journal of sport and exercise psychology, 2021Co-Authors: Kerry R Mcgannon, Brett Smith, Kelsey Kendellen, Christine A GonsalvesAbstract:Descriptive reviews of qualitative research across two decades – 1990–1999 (Culver, D., Gilbert, W., & Trudel, P. (2003). A decade of qualitative research published in sport Psychology journals: 19...
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generalizability in qualitative research misunderstandings opportunities and recommendations for the sport and Exercise sciences
Qualitative Research in Sport Exercise and Health, 2018Co-Authors: Brett SmithAbstract:Generalisation in relation to qualitative research has rarely been discussed in-depth in sport and Exercise Psychology, the sociology of sport, sport coaching, or sport management journals. Often t...
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developing rigor in qualitative research problems and opportunities within sport and Exercise Psychology
International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 2017Co-Authors: Brett Smith, Kerry R McgannonAbstract:Qualitative research has grown within sport and Exercise Psychology and is now widely conducted. The purpose of this review is to discuss three commonly used ways to demonstrate rigor when conducti...
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narrative inquiry ongoing conversations and questions for sport and Exercise Psychology research
International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 2010Co-Authors: Brett SmithAbstract:Narrative inquiry, as one form of qualitative research, has recently attracted some interest within the field of sport and Exercise Psychology. Seeking to be theoretically imaginative and instigate dialogue, this article focuses attention on five main issues within ongoing conversations among sport and Exercise Psychology researchers who promote and/or engage in narrative research. Theoretically inspired and grounded, these interrelated issues include, motivations for why researchers have turned to narrative, the concept of ‘the self’, interviewing, the issue of ‘truth’, and representation. Some implications of these issues for sport and Exercise Psychology are also highlighted. The article closes with some reflections about the future directions that narrative inquiry might take.
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narrative analysis and sport and Exercise Psychology understanding lives in diverse ways
Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 2009Co-Authors: Brett Smith, Andrew C SparkesAbstract:Abstract Objectives This article seeks to expand our understanding on narrative and the analysis of stories within the domain of sport and Exercise Psychology. Its intention is to describe, and not finalise or prescribe, what narrative analysis can be by illuminating a range of different ways in which sport and Exercise psychologists might make sense of stories. Results Painting with broad strokes, some reasons as to why narrative analysis might be relevant for sport and Exercise psychologists is first considered and then a description of narrative analysis is offered. Next, in order to better understand what narrative analysis can mean an original typology of different ways in which stories can be analysed is introduced. Illuminated by the typology are two contrasting standpoints toward narrative analysis—story analyst and storyteller—and three specific methods—structural, performative, and ethnodramatic creative analytic practices—that each standpoint might use to analyse the whats and hows of storytelling. Conclusion The article closes by suggesting that sport and Exercise psychologists might consider using a variety of analyses in order to assist them to understand the complexities of people's lives in diverse ways.
Steven J. Petruzzello - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Analysis of the affect measurement conundrum in Exercise Psychology. III. A conceptual and methodological critique of the Subjective Exercise Experiences Scale
Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 2001Co-Authors: Panteleimon Ekkekakis, Steven J. PetruzzelloAbstract:Abstract Background and purpose. The general purpose of this series is to examine the controversy that surrounds the measurement of affect in the context of acute Exercise. The present paper focuses on the conceptual underpinnings and the methodological steps that were followed in the development of an increasingly popular measure, namely the Subjective Exercise Experiences Scale (SEES) (J Sport Exercise Psychol, 16 (1994) 163). Emphasis is placed on how conceptual ambiguities may influence methodological decisions and, ultimately, the content and structure of a measure. Methods. From a conceptual standpoint, attention is given to the delineation and demarcation of the content domain of the scale, the decision to adopt a dimensional conceptualization of affect, the notion of ‘subjective experiences unique to Exercise’, and, mainly, whether positive and negative affect are independent constructs or the opposite ends of a single bipolar dimension. From a methodological standpoint, the analysis focuses on the process of item selection and content validation, and the exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Results and conclusions. Conceptual and empirical evidence is reviewed suggesting that: (a) there is ambiguity regarding the nature and the limits of the content domain of the SEES; (b) the notion of ‘subjective experiences unique to Exercise’ presents considerable logical problems; and (c) positive and negative affect are not necessarily independent constructs. In conclusion, the analysis underscores the importance of conceptual groundwork and clarity as prerequisites for methodological implementation.
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analysis of the affect measurement conundrum in Exercise Psychology ii a conceptual and methodological critique of the Exercise induced feeling inventory
Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 2001Co-Authors: Panteleimon Ekkekakis, Steven J. PetruzzelloAbstract:Background and purpose: The measurement of affect in the context of Exercise has become a controversial issue. To help elucidate some of the problems, the conceptual and methodological bases of the Exercise-induced Feeling Inventory (Gauvin, L., & Rejeski, W.J. (1993). The Exercise-induced Feeling Inventory: Development and initial validation. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 15 , 403.) are critiqued, emphasizing deviations from established scale development and validation guidelines. Methods: From a conceptual standpoint, the analysis concentrates on the definition of “feeling states,” the demarcation of the content domain, the decision to adopt a categorical conceptualization of affect, the notion of a universal phenomenology of Exercise, and the notion of Exercise-specific affect. From a methodological standpoint, emphasis is placed on the item selection and content validation methods, the exploratory structural analysis, and the application of structural equation modeling. Results and conclusions: Substantial deficiencies in conceptual groundwork and deviations from established guidelines are identified that may have important implications for the validity and utility of the EFI. © 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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analysis of the affect measurement conundrum in Exercise Psychology i fundamental issues
Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 2000Co-Authors: Panteleimon Ekkekakis, Steven J. PetruzzelloAbstract:Background and purpose: The measurement of affect in the context of Exercise is a controversial issue. The purpose of this paper is to provide a critical review of the relevant literature and to outline a conceptual framework that will serve as the basis for subsequent analysis. Methods: Four issues are discussed: (a) the distinctions between emotions, moods, and affect; (b) the strengths and weaknesses of categorical and dimensional models for conceptualizing affective phenomena; (c) the notion of ‘Exercise-specific’ affect; and (d) whether measurement should be based on a deductive or an inductive approach. Results and conclusions: Arguments are presented in favor of (a) targeting basic affect as the appropriate object of assessment at the present stage of knowledge development; (b) adopting dimensional models because of their broad and balanced scope; (c) critically reconsidering the notion of ‘Exercise-specific’ affect; and (d) using deductive methods for measuring affect. © 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Stuart J H Biddle - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the 2 2 achievement goal framework in a physical education context
Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 2007Co-Authors: C John K Wang, Stuart J H Biddle, Andrew J ElliotAbstract:Abstract Objectives To examine the 2×2 achievement goal framework (which crosses the task–ego and approach–avoidance distinctions) in a physical education context. The psychometric properties of the 2×2 Achievement Goals in Physical Education Questionnaire were tested and correlates of distinct achievement goal profiles were examined in two Asian samples. Method Two cross-sectional studies involving youth aged 11–18 years (total N =995) from Singapore. Results Confirmatory factor analyses supported the factor structure of the 2×2 achievement goal framework in the physical education context. Factorial invariance across gender and athletic status was supported through multi-group analysis. Four distinct clusters were identified, and linked to patterns of psychological characteristics and outcomes. Conclusion Achievement goal researchers in sport and Exercise Psychology may wish to make use of the 2×2 achievement goal framework. The intraindividual approach to achievement goal profiles is valuable, yet underutilized at present. However, important questions regarding differences in approach and avoidance motivation across cultures require further research.
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research methods in sport and Exercise Psychology quantitative and qualitative issues
Journal of Sports Sciences, 2001Co-Authors: Stuart J H Biddle, Nikos L D Chatzisarantis, David Markland, David Gilbourne, Andrew C SparkesAbstract:Contemporary aspects of research methods in sport and Exercise Psychology are discussed in this wide-ranging review. After an introduction centred on trends in sport and Exercise Psychology methods, the review is organized around the major themes of quantitative and qualitative research. Our aim is to highlight areas that may be problematic or controversial (e.g. stepwise statistical procedures), underused (e.g. discriminant analysis), increasingly used (e.g. meta-analysis, structural equation modelling, qualitative content analysis) and emergent (e.g. realist tales of writing). Perspectives range from the technical and speculative to the controversial and critical. While deliberately not providing a 'cookbook' approach to research methods, we hope to provide enough material to help researchers to appreciate the diversity of potential methods and to adopt a more critical perspective in their own research consumption and production.
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motivation and perceptions of control tracing its development and plotting its future in Exercise and sport Psychology
Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 1999Co-Authors: Stuart J H BiddleAbstract:An analysis of control-related motivation constructs that have been studied in sport and Exercise Psychology is attempted using Skinner’s (1995, 1996) agent-means-ends framework and her “competence system” model. I review and analyze six constructs or approaches that have received a great deal of attention in our field in the past (locus of control and attributions), the present (self-efficacy, achievement goal orientations, and perceived behavioral control), and. I predict, the future (self-determination theory). For each construct or approach. I provide an overview and research summary followed by an analysis of its control-related properties using Skinner’s frameworks.
Panteleimon Ekkekakis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Analysis of the affect measurement conundrum in Exercise Psychology. III. A conceptual and methodological critique of the Subjective Exercise Experiences Scale
Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 2001Co-Authors: Panteleimon Ekkekakis, Steven J. PetruzzelloAbstract:Abstract Background and purpose. The general purpose of this series is to examine the controversy that surrounds the measurement of affect in the context of acute Exercise. The present paper focuses on the conceptual underpinnings and the methodological steps that were followed in the development of an increasingly popular measure, namely the Subjective Exercise Experiences Scale (SEES) (J Sport Exercise Psychol, 16 (1994) 163). Emphasis is placed on how conceptual ambiguities may influence methodological decisions and, ultimately, the content and structure of a measure. Methods. From a conceptual standpoint, attention is given to the delineation and demarcation of the content domain of the scale, the decision to adopt a dimensional conceptualization of affect, the notion of ‘subjective experiences unique to Exercise’, and, mainly, whether positive and negative affect are independent constructs or the opposite ends of a single bipolar dimension. From a methodological standpoint, the analysis focuses on the process of item selection and content validation, and the exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Results and conclusions. Conceptual and empirical evidence is reviewed suggesting that: (a) there is ambiguity regarding the nature and the limits of the content domain of the SEES; (b) the notion of ‘subjective experiences unique to Exercise’ presents considerable logical problems; and (c) positive and negative affect are not necessarily independent constructs. In conclusion, the analysis underscores the importance of conceptual groundwork and clarity as prerequisites for methodological implementation.
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analysis of the affect measurement conundrum in Exercise Psychology ii a conceptual and methodological critique of the Exercise induced feeling inventory
Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 2001Co-Authors: Panteleimon Ekkekakis, Steven J. PetruzzelloAbstract:Background and purpose: The measurement of affect in the context of Exercise has become a controversial issue. To help elucidate some of the problems, the conceptual and methodological bases of the Exercise-induced Feeling Inventory (Gauvin, L., & Rejeski, W.J. (1993). The Exercise-induced Feeling Inventory: Development and initial validation. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 15 , 403.) are critiqued, emphasizing deviations from established scale development and validation guidelines. Methods: From a conceptual standpoint, the analysis concentrates on the definition of “feeling states,” the demarcation of the content domain, the decision to adopt a categorical conceptualization of affect, the notion of a universal phenomenology of Exercise, and the notion of Exercise-specific affect. From a methodological standpoint, emphasis is placed on the item selection and content validation methods, the exploratory structural analysis, and the application of structural equation modeling. Results and conclusions: Substantial deficiencies in conceptual groundwork and deviations from established guidelines are identified that may have important implications for the validity and utility of the EFI. © 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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analysis of the affect measurement conundrum in Exercise Psychology i fundamental issues
Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 2000Co-Authors: Panteleimon Ekkekakis, Steven J. PetruzzelloAbstract:Background and purpose: The measurement of affect in the context of Exercise is a controversial issue. The purpose of this paper is to provide a critical review of the relevant literature and to outline a conceptual framework that will serve as the basis for subsequent analysis. Methods: Four issues are discussed: (a) the distinctions between emotions, moods, and affect; (b) the strengths and weaknesses of categorical and dimensional models for conceptualizing affective phenomena; (c) the notion of ‘Exercise-specific’ affect; and (d) whether measurement should be based on a deductive or an inductive approach. Results and conclusions: Arguments are presented in favor of (a) targeting basic affect as the appropriate object of assessment at the present stage of knowledge development; (b) adopting dimensional models because of their broad and balanced scope; (c) critically reconsidering the notion of ‘Exercise-specific’ affect; and (d) using deductive methods for measuring affect. © 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.