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Jonathan Webber - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Oxford Scholarship Online - What Is Existentialism
Oxford Scholarship Online, 2018Co-Authors: Jonathan WebberAbstract:Articles and books on Existentialism generally eschew precise philosophical definition of their subject matter and disagree with one another over which ideas, issues, and thinkers should be classified as existentialist. This loose categorization distorts readings of the texts that are claimed to fall under it. This book argues for a precise conceptualization of Existentialism grounded in the definition it was given by Simone de Beauvoir and Jean-Paul Sartre when the term was first popularized. Existentialism is therefore defined as the ethical theory that we ought to treat the freedom at the core of human existence as intrinsically valuable and the foundation of all other values. This chapter argues for the need for a clear definition and presents an overview of how the book develops its analysis.
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Oxford Scholarship Online - The Future of Existentialism
Oxford Scholarship Online, 2018Co-Authors: Jonathan WebberAbstract:This chapter argues that Existentialism, as this book has articulated it, has the potential to make significant contributions to moral thought, philosophy of mind, social psychology, and psychotherapy, and that sophisticated engagements with these areas of inquiry should in turn refine Existentialism. The existentialist theory of project sedimentation is an important perspective on the development of personal character, the socialization of the individual, the role of endorsement in mental life, the origins of unendorsed biases and stereotypes, and the social problems and psychic distress that these can cause. The eudaimonist and moral arguments for authenticity are significant contributions to contemporary philosophical inquiry into the grounding of moral and more generally normative value. The chapter closes with a brief sketch of some implications of this Existentialism for reading and writing.
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Rethinking Existentialism
Oxford Scholarship Online, 2018Co-Authors: Jonathan WebberAbstract:Rethinking Existentialism argues that the core of Existentialism is the theory that Simone de Beauvoir and Jean-Paul Sartre described when they popularized the term in 1945: the ethical theory that we ought to treat human freedom as intrinsically valuable and the foundation of all other value. The book argues that Beauvoir and Sartre disagreed over the structure of this freedom in 1943 but that Sartre came to accept Beauvoir’s view by 1952, that Frantz Fanon’s first book should also be classified as a canonical work of Existentialism, and that Beauvoir’s argument for a moral imperative of authenticity is a firmer ground for Existentialism’s ethical claim than any of the eudaimonist arguments offered by Fanon and Sartre. It develops its arguments through critical contrasts with Albert Camus, Sigmund Freud, and Maurice Merleau-Ponty. The book concludes by sketching contributions that this analysis of Existentialism can make to contemporary philosophy, psychology, and psychotherapy.
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the Existentialism of jean paul sartre
2008Co-Authors: Jonathan WebberAbstract:Webber argues for a new interpretation of Sartrean Existentialism. On this reading, Sartre is arguing that each person’s character consists in the projects they choose to pursue and that we are all already aware of this but prefer not to face it. Careful consideration of his existentialist writings shows this to be the unifying theme of his theories of consciousness, freedom, the self, bad faith, personal relationships, existential psychoanalysis, and the possibility of authenticity. Developing this account affords many insights into various aspects of his philosophy, not least concerning the origins, structure, and effects of bad faith and the resulting ethic of authenticity. This discussion makes clear the contributions that Sartre’s work can make to current debates over the objectivity of ethics and the psychology of agency, character, and selfhood. Written in an accessible style and illustrated with reference to Sartre’s fiction, this book should appeal to general readers and students as well as to specialists.
Robert Bernasconi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Existentialism against colonialism sartre fanon and the place of lived experience
2020Co-Authors: Robert BernasconiAbstract:The global impact of Frantz Fanon’s The Wretched of the Earth extends far beyond academia and it has served as a Bible to numerous anti-colonial movements. One thinks especially of its importance to the Black Panther Party in the United States and the Black Consciousness movement in South Africa. Indeed, there is still today no shortage of passionate readers of The Wretched of the Earth in South Africa up to and including proponents of the Rhodes Must Fall Movement (see, for example, Sayles 2010; Ramuga 1986; and More 2017). The question therefore in the context of the present volume on the reception of Existentialism is only the extent to which it can be seen as an existentialist text. I have argued elsewhere that The Wretched of the Earth must be read in conjunction with Jean-Paul Sartre’s Critique of Dialectical Reason (Bernasconi 2010). Fanon himself left this in no doubt. When he arranged for a third-party to approach Sartre to ask him to write an Introduction to The Wretched of the Earth, he asked that Sartre be told: “each time I sit down at my desk, I think of him” (quoted by Cohen-Solal 1987, p. 431). Nevertheless, the tendency in recent literature has been to try to separate the late Fanon from Sartre which, by implication, might separate him from Existentialism.
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Situating Existentialism: Key Texts in Context - Situating Existentialism: Key Texts in Context
2012Co-Authors: Jonathan Judaken, Robert BernasconiAbstract:Introduction, by Jonathan JudakenPart I: (Trans)National Contexts1. Russian Existentialism, or Existential Russianism, by Val Vinokur2. German Existentialism and the Persistence of Metaphysics: Weber, Jaspers, Heidegger, by Peter E. Gordon3. Sisyphus's Progeny: Existentialism in France, by Jonathan Judaken4. "To Punch Through 'Pasteboard Masks'?": American Existentialism, by George Cotkin5. Angst Across the Channel: Existentialism in Britain, by Martin Woessner6. Existentialisms in the Hispanic and Latin American Worlds: El Quixote and its Existential ChildrenPart II: Existentialism and Religion7. Fear and Trembling and the Paradox of Christian Existentialism, by George Pattison8. Jewish Co-Existentialism: Being with the Other, by Paul Mendes-Flohr9. Camus the Unbeliever: Living Without God, by Ronald AronsonPart III: Migrations10. Anxiety and Secularization: Soren Kierkegaard and the Twentieth-Century Invention of Existentialism, by Samuel Moyn11. Rethinking the 'Existential' Nietzsche in German: Lowith, Jaspers, Heidegger, by Charles Bambach Charles Bambach12. Situating Frantz Fanon's Account of Black Experience, by Robert Bernasconi 13. Simone de Beauvoir in her Times and Ours: The Second Sex and its Legacy in French Feminist Thought, by Debra Bergoffen14. The "Letter on Humanism": Reading Heidegger in France, by Ethan KleinbergList of ContributorsIndex
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situating Existentialism key texts in context
2012Co-Authors: Jonathan Judaken, Robert BernasconiAbstract:Introduction, by Jonathan JudakenPart I: (Trans)National Contexts1. Russian Existentialism, or Existential Russianism, by Val Vinokur2. German Existentialism and the Persistence of Metaphysics: Weber, Jaspers, Heidegger, by Peter E. Gordon3. Sisyphus's Progeny: Existentialism in France, by Jonathan Judaken4. "To Punch Through 'Pasteboard Masks'?": American Existentialism, by George Cotkin5. Angst Across the Channel: Existentialism in Britain, by Martin Woessner6. Existentialisms in the Hispanic and Latin American Worlds: El Quixote and its Existential ChildrenPart II: Existentialism and Religion7. Fear and Trembling and the Paradox of Christian Existentialism, by George Pattison8. Jewish Co-Existentialism: Being with the Other, by Paul Mendes-Flohr9. Camus the Unbeliever: Living Without God, by Ronald AronsonPart III: Migrations10. Anxiety and Secularization: Soren Kierkegaard and the Twentieth-Century Invention of Existentialism, by Samuel Moyn11. Rethinking the 'Existential' Nietzsche in German: Lowith, Jaspers, Heidegger, by Charles Bambach Charles Bambach12. Situating Frantz Fanon's Account of Black Experience, by Robert Bernasconi 13. Simone de Beauvoir in her Times and Ours: The Second Sex and its Legacy in French Feminist Thought, by Debra Bergoffen14. The "Letter on Humanism": Reading Heidegger in France, by Ethan KleinbergList of ContributorsIndex
Deng Guo-qin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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On the Characteristics of Localization in Kendzaburo Oa’s Existentialism Novels
Journal of Hechi University, 2008Co-Authors: Deng Guo-qinAbstract:Kendzaburo Oa’s novel creation is deeply influenced by Sartre’s Existentialism.Not being a republication of Sartre’s Existentialism,Kendzaburo Oa’s has its own national characteristics.Kendzaburo Oa merges Sartre’s Existentialism into Japan’s traditional aesthetic consciousness and natural view,the purpose of which is not only to reflect the theme of improving human being’s living environment,but also to have struck deep root in Japanese local and national thoughts and feelings as well as aesthetic taste.Moreover,Kendzaburo Oa tries to make good use of the imaginative ideas in Japanese traditional literature,Japanese ancient mythical symbols and Japaneseque style so that the literary conception and skill of Existentialism can be absorbed,and then be Japanized.
Adama Bah - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Augmentation of Existentialism: Robinson Crusoe’s Character
English, 2020Co-Authors: Adama BahAbstract:The novel Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe, theme depicts the philosophy of Existentialism. Existentialism argues the existence of humans through freedom of choice of the existence of who or what to become. The Robinson Crusoe character’s struggle to realize his freedom of life and defend his existence exemplars the Existentialism. Robinson was adamant to his fathers’ advice and went to the sea. This paper discusses the characteristics of Existentialism evident in the novel Robinson Crusoe. These aspects include the essence of existence, existence precedes essence, human alienation or estrangement, Fear and Trembling Anxiety, The Encounter with Nothingness, and Freedom. The relationships between existence and freedom of choice in human life establish the fact on augmentation of Existentialism, as seen in Robinson Crusoe Character.
Cagri Tugrul Mart - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Existentialism in two plays of Jean-Paul Sartre
International Journal of English and Literature, 2012Co-Authors: Cagri Tugrul MartAbstract:Existentialism is the movement in the nineteenth and twentieth century philosophy that addresses fundamental problems of human existence: death, anxiety, political, religious and sexual commitment, freedom and responsibility, the meaning of existence itself (Priest, 2001: 10). This study tries to define what Existentialism is and stresses themes of Existentialism. This research finally points out these themes of Existentialism by studying on two existentialist drama plays written by Jean-Paul Sartre who was a prominent existentialist writer. The plays by Sartre studied in this research are ‘The Flies’ and ‘Dirty Hands’. Key words: Existentialism, freedom, absurdity, anguish, despair, nothingness.