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Penelope A. Longhurst - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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comparison of urinary bladder function in rats with hereditary Diabetes insipidus streptozotocin induced Diabetes Mellitus and nondiabetic osmotic diuresis
The Journal of Urology, 1994Co-Authors: Berit Eika, Penelope A. Longhurst, Robert M. LevinAbstract:Abstract In vivo and in vitro bladder function were studied in three different models of increased diuresis: 1) Brattleboro rats with hereditary Diabetes insipidus (di/di), 2) Sprague-Dawley rats with streptozotocin-induced Diabetes Mellitus (STZ), and 3) Sprague-Dawley rats with increased diuresis due to 5% sucrose added to the drinking water. When compared with controls, all three models showed bladder mass, increased water consumption and urine output, higher mean and maximal increased micturition volumes, and greater bladder capacity and compliance by in vitro cystometry. The changes were more extensive in di/di rats than in STZ and sucrose-drinking rats. The concentration of bladder collagen decreased in all three rat models when compared with controls. However, the collagen concentration of STZ bladders was significantly lower than the collagen concentration of di/di and sucrose bladders, suggesting that the decrease in bladder collagen concentration associated with Experimental Diabetes Mellitus is only partly related to the increased diuresis. Contractile function was studied using a whole bladder model. Responses of whole bladders from control and diabetic rats to electrical field stimulation, carbachol and KCl were identical. Volume-pressure relations of the isolated whole bladder showed that the magnitude of the contractile response to KCl is constant at intravesical volumes ranging from about 10 to 95% of cystometrical bladder capacity. Bladders from Brattleboro di/di rats and STZ rats showed a rightward shift of volume-passive pressure curves when compared with appropriate controls. Bladders from sucrose-drinking rats had volume-passive pressure curves similar to the bladders from controls. This study suggests that while contractile function remains intact with increased diuresis, the passive function changes, with the bladder becoming more distensible.
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comparison of urinary bladder function in rats with hereditary Diabetes insipidus streptozotocin induced Diabetes Mellitus and nondiabetic osmotic diuresis
The Journal of Urology, 1994Co-Authors: Berit Eika, Penelope A. Longhurst, Robert M. LevinAbstract:In vivo and in vitro bladder function were studied in three different models of increased diuresis: 1) Brattleboro rats with hereditary Diabetes insipidus (di/di), 2) Sprague-Dawley rats with streptozotocin-induced Diabetes Mellitus (STZ), and 3) Sprague-Dawley rats with increased diuresis due to 5% sucrose added to the drinking water. When compared with controls, all three models showed bladder mass, increased water consumption and urine output, higher mean and maximal increased micturition volumes, and greater bladder capacity and compliance by in vitro cystometry. The changes were more extensive in di/di rats than in the STZ and sucrose-drinking rats. The concentration of bladder collagen decreased in all three rat models when compared with controls. However, the collagen concentration of STZ bladders was significantly lower than the collagen concentration of di/di and sucrose bladders, suggesting that the decrease in bladder collagen concentration associated with Experimental Diabetes Mellitus is only partly related to the increased diuresis. Contractile function was studied using a whole bladder model. Responses of whole bladders from control and diabetic rats to electrical field stimulation, carbachol and KCl were identical. Volume-pressure relations of the isolated whole bladder showed that the magnitude of the contractile response to KCl is constant at intravesical volumes ranging from about 10 to 95% of cytometrical bladder capacity. Bladders from Brattleboro di/di rats and STZ rats showed a rightward shift of volume-passive pressure curves when compared with appropriate controls. Bladders from sucrose-drinking rats had volume-passive pressure curves similar to the bladders from controls. This study suggests that while contractile function remains intact with increased diuresis, the passive function changes, with the bladder becoming more distensible.
Berit Eika - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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comparison of urinary bladder function in rats with hereditary Diabetes insipidus streptozotocin induced Diabetes Mellitus and nondiabetic osmotic diuresis
The Journal of Urology, 1994Co-Authors: Berit Eika, Penelope A. Longhurst, Robert M. LevinAbstract:Abstract In vivo and in vitro bladder function were studied in three different models of increased diuresis: 1) Brattleboro rats with hereditary Diabetes insipidus (di/di), 2) Sprague-Dawley rats with streptozotocin-induced Diabetes Mellitus (STZ), and 3) Sprague-Dawley rats with increased diuresis due to 5% sucrose added to the drinking water. When compared with controls, all three models showed bladder mass, increased water consumption and urine output, higher mean and maximal increased micturition volumes, and greater bladder capacity and compliance by in vitro cystometry. The changes were more extensive in di/di rats than in STZ and sucrose-drinking rats. The concentration of bladder collagen decreased in all three rat models when compared with controls. However, the collagen concentration of STZ bladders was significantly lower than the collagen concentration of di/di and sucrose bladders, suggesting that the decrease in bladder collagen concentration associated with Experimental Diabetes Mellitus is only partly related to the increased diuresis. Contractile function was studied using a whole bladder model. Responses of whole bladders from control and diabetic rats to electrical field stimulation, carbachol and KCl were identical. Volume-pressure relations of the isolated whole bladder showed that the magnitude of the contractile response to KCl is constant at intravesical volumes ranging from about 10 to 95% of cystometrical bladder capacity. Bladders from Brattleboro di/di rats and STZ rats showed a rightward shift of volume-passive pressure curves when compared with appropriate controls. Bladders from sucrose-drinking rats had volume-passive pressure curves similar to the bladders from controls. This study suggests that while contractile function remains intact with increased diuresis, the passive function changes, with the bladder becoming more distensible.
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comparison of urinary bladder function in rats with hereditary Diabetes insipidus streptozotocin induced Diabetes Mellitus and nondiabetic osmotic diuresis
The Journal of Urology, 1994Co-Authors: Berit Eika, Penelope A. Longhurst, Robert M. LevinAbstract:In vivo and in vitro bladder function were studied in three different models of increased diuresis: 1) Brattleboro rats with hereditary Diabetes insipidus (di/di), 2) Sprague-Dawley rats with streptozotocin-induced Diabetes Mellitus (STZ), and 3) Sprague-Dawley rats with increased diuresis due to 5% sucrose added to the drinking water. When compared with controls, all three models showed bladder mass, increased water consumption and urine output, higher mean and maximal increased micturition volumes, and greater bladder capacity and compliance by in vitro cystometry. The changes were more extensive in di/di rats than in the STZ and sucrose-drinking rats. The concentration of bladder collagen decreased in all three rat models when compared with controls. However, the collagen concentration of STZ bladders was significantly lower than the collagen concentration of di/di and sucrose bladders, suggesting that the decrease in bladder collagen concentration associated with Experimental Diabetes Mellitus is only partly related to the increased diuresis. Contractile function was studied using a whole bladder model. Responses of whole bladders from control and diabetic rats to electrical field stimulation, carbachol and KCl were identical. Volume-pressure relations of the isolated whole bladder showed that the magnitude of the contractile response to KCl is constant at intravesical volumes ranging from about 10 to 95% of cytometrical bladder capacity. Bladders from Brattleboro di/di rats and STZ rats showed a rightward shift of volume-passive pressure curves when compared with appropriate controls. Bladders from sucrose-drinking rats had volume-passive pressure curves similar to the bladders from controls. This study suggests that while contractile function remains intact with increased diuresis, the passive function changes, with the bladder becoming more distensible.
Robert M. Levin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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comparison of urinary bladder function in rats with hereditary Diabetes insipidus streptozotocin induced Diabetes Mellitus and nondiabetic osmotic diuresis
The Journal of Urology, 1994Co-Authors: Berit Eika, Penelope A. Longhurst, Robert M. LevinAbstract:Abstract In vivo and in vitro bladder function were studied in three different models of increased diuresis: 1) Brattleboro rats with hereditary Diabetes insipidus (di/di), 2) Sprague-Dawley rats with streptozotocin-induced Diabetes Mellitus (STZ), and 3) Sprague-Dawley rats with increased diuresis due to 5% sucrose added to the drinking water. When compared with controls, all three models showed bladder mass, increased water consumption and urine output, higher mean and maximal increased micturition volumes, and greater bladder capacity and compliance by in vitro cystometry. The changes were more extensive in di/di rats than in STZ and sucrose-drinking rats. The concentration of bladder collagen decreased in all three rat models when compared with controls. However, the collagen concentration of STZ bladders was significantly lower than the collagen concentration of di/di and sucrose bladders, suggesting that the decrease in bladder collagen concentration associated with Experimental Diabetes Mellitus is only partly related to the increased diuresis. Contractile function was studied using a whole bladder model. Responses of whole bladders from control and diabetic rats to electrical field stimulation, carbachol and KCl were identical. Volume-pressure relations of the isolated whole bladder showed that the magnitude of the contractile response to KCl is constant at intravesical volumes ranging from about 10 to 95% of cystometrical bladder capacity. Bladders from Brattleboro di/di rats and STZ rats showed a rightward shift of volume-passive pressure curves when compared with appropriate controls. Bladders from sucrose-drinking rats had volume-passive pressure curves similar to the bladders from controls. This study suggests that while contractile function remains intact with increased diuresis, the passive function changes, with the bladder becoming more distensible.
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comparison of urinary bladder function in rats with hereditary Diabetes insipidus streptozotocin induced Diabetes Mellitus and nondiabetic osmotic diuresis
The Journal of Urology, 1994Co-Authors: Berit Eika, Penelope A. Longhurst, Robert M. LevinAbstract:In vivo and in vitro bladder function were studied in three different models of increased diuresis: 1) Brattleboro rats with hereditary Diabetes insipidus (di/di), 2) Sprague-Dawley rats with streptozotocin-induced Diabetes Mellitus (STZ), and 3) Sprague-Dawley rats with increased diuresis due to 5% sucrose added to the drinking water. When compared with controls, all three models showed bladder mass, increased water consumption and urine output, higher mean and maximal increased micturition volumes, and greater bladder capacity and compliance by in vitro cystometry. The changes were more extensive in di/di rats than in the STZ and sucrose-drinking rats. The concentration of bladder collagen decreased in all three rat models when compared with controls. However, the collagen concentration of STZ bladders was significantly lower than the collagen concentration of di/di and sucrose bladders, suggesting that the decrease in bladder collagen concentration associated with Experimental Diabetes Mellitus is only partly related to the increased diuresis. Contractile function was studied using a whole bladder model. Responses of whole bladders from control and diabetic rats to electrical field stimulation, carbachol and KCl were identical. Volume-pressure relations of the isolated whole bladder showed that the magnitude of the contractile response to KCl is constant at intravesical volumes ranging from about 10 to 95% of cytometrical bladder capacity. Bladders from Brattleboro di/di rats and STZ rats showed a rightward shift of volume-passive pressure curves when compared with appropriate controls. Bladders from sucrose-drinking rats had volume-passive pressure curves similar to the bladders from controls. This study suggests that while contractile function remains intact with increased diuresis, the passive function changes, with the bladder becoming more distensible.
Takashi Yamada - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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streptozocin and alloxan induced h2o2 generation and dna fragmentation in pancreatic islets h2o2 as mediator for dna fragmentation
Diabetes, 1991Co-Authors: Nobuyuki Takasu, Ichiro Komiya, Takayuki Asawa, Yoshitaka Nagasawa, Takashi YamadaAbstract:Streptozocin (STZ) and alloxan (ALX) exhibit the most potent diabetogenicity and are used for induction of Experimental Diabetes Mellitus. An understanding of the mechanisms of action of the typical diabetogenic agents is important for elucidating the causes of Diabetes. Okamoto proposed a model in which DNA fragmentation plays an important role in the development of Diabetes. DNA fragmentation supposedly results from the accumulation of superoxide or hydroxyl radicals. However, direct evidence for this accumulation is lacking. With isolated rat pancreatic islets in vitro, we demonstrated that STZ and ALX stimulated H2O2 generation and caused DNA fragmentation. Addition of STZ or ALX resulted in an increase in H2O2 generation. On DNA analysis, when incubated without STZ or ALX, DNA sedimented as a single peak; when incubated with STZ or ALX, DNA sedimented slower as a broad peak and was fragmented. Graded doses of STZ and ALX stimulated H2O2 generation and induced DNA fragmentation; their effects on H2O2 generation and DNA fragmentation were evident at a concentration of 0.1 mM and were maximal at 1 mM. Administration of STX or ALX to rats in vivo stimulated H2O2 generation and caused DNA fragmentation in pancreatic islets. H2O2 itself also induced DNA fragmentation. These findings may support Okamoto's proposal that STZ and ALX induce Diabetes through the following biochemical events: STZ and ALX----H2O2 generation----DNA fragmentation----beta-cell destruction. This study may constitute the first demonstration of STZ- and ALX-stimulated H2O2 generation, which probably acts as a mediator of STZ- and ALX-induced DNA fragmentation.
Natalia Sybirna - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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medicinal plants galega officinalis l and yacon leaves as potential sources of antidiabetic drugs
Antioxidants, 2021Co-Authors: H. Hachkova, Mariia Nagalievska, Zoriana Soliljak, Olena Kanyuka, Alicja Z Kucharska, Anna Sokolłetowska, Elena Belonovskaya, Vyacheslav Buko, Natalia SybirnaAbstract:Hypoglycemic and antioxidant properties of extracts of medicinal plants Galega officinalis L. (aboveground part) and yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius Poepp. & Endl.) (leaves) as potential sources of biologically active substances with antidiabetic action have been studied. The pronounced hypoglycemic effect of Galega officinalis extract, devoid of alkaloids, at a dose of 600 mg/kg in Experimental Diabetes Mellitus (DM) has been proven. The established effect is evidenced by a decrease in the concentration of glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin in the blood, increase glucose tolerance of cells, increase C-peptide and insulin content in the plasma of rats’ blood. The effective hypoglycemic effect of the extract in the studied pathology was confirmed by histological examination of the pancreas. The cytoprotective effect of the studied extract on pancreatic cells at a dose of 1200 mg/kg was Experimentally confirmed. In the standard cut area, an increase was found in the number of Langerhans islets, their average area, diameter, volume, and a number of β-cells relative to these indicators in animals with Diabetes. Comparative screening of the antioxidant properties of 30, 50, 70, and 96% water–ethanol extracts of yacon indicates the highest potential of 50% water-ethanol extract to block free radicals in in vitro model experiments. The non-alkaloid fraction of Galega officinalis extract showed moderate antioxidant activity and was inferior to yacon extract in its ability to neutralize reactive oxygen species (ROS) and bind metal ions of variable valence. The level of antioxidant potential of the studied extracts is due to differences in the quantitative content of compounds of phenolic nature in their compositions. The obtained data on the biological effects of Galega officinalis extract on the structural and functional state of β-cells of the pancreas and antioxidant properties of Galega officinalis and yacon extracts substantiate the prospects of using these plants to create antidiabetic medicines and functional foods based on them.
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Leukocyte actin cytoskeleton reorganization and redistribution of sialylated membrane glycoconjugates under Experimental Diabetes Mellitus and against the administration of the Galega officinalis L. extract
Cytology and Genetics, 2017Co-Authors: M. Lupak, H. Hachkova, M. Khokhla, Ya. Chajka, M. Skybitska, Natalia SybirnaAbstract:The article describes the effect of alkaloid-free fraction of the Galega officinalis extract (AFFGE) on the aggregation ability of immunocompetent blood cells, as well as on the process of actin polymerization and structural rearrangements among sialylated glycoconjugates of the peripheral blood leukocyte membranes of rats in the norm and under Experimental Diabetes Mellitus (EDM) conditions. The flow cytometry method (using phalloidin labelled with fluorescent tetramethyl rhodamine-5-isothiocyanate (TRITC)) and the western blot analysis have allowed us to detect an increase in the rat leukocyte F-actin content in the event of Diabetes Mellitus, which indicated changes in the structural and functional properties of the leukocytes and their preactivation phase. A quantitative analysis of the total polymerized actin pool redistribution between its constituent fraction (represented by cytoskeletal filaments) and short actin filaments has shown that, against an increase in the total F-actin level, the number of actin filaments of the cytoskeleton decreased and the content of short actin filaments increased in leukocytes of animals with EDM. The use of sialylated lectins has allowed a conclusion to be made on the study of the pathology that the number of exposed oligosaccharide determinants on leukocyte membrane, the structure of which contained N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine and sialic acid residues, increased, whereas the number of sialic acid-containing surface glycoconjugates bound to subterminal galactose residues by α2→3 and α2→6-glycoside bonds decreased. The administration of AFFGE to diabetic animals led to an increase in the content of F-actin and short filaments of the leukocyte cytoskeleton and a reduction in the lectin-induced leukocyte aggregation. The correction effect of the studied extract on the functional state of leukocytes can be realized through the action on the processes underlying the formation of the actin cytoskeletal elements and due to the quantitative redistribution of leukocyte membrane glycoconjugates with different structures of carbohydrate determinants, such as, due to a decrease in the exposure of N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine residues and an increase in the exposure of sialic acids bound to subterminal galactose residues by α2→3 and α2→6-glycoside bonds.
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Application of biogenic surfactants for stabilization on alkaloid-free fraction isolated from Galega officinalis extract
Львівський національний університет імені Івана Франка, 2015Co-Authors: M. Lupak, M. Khokhla, G. Hachkova, O. Shulga, N. Sheglova, R. Vildanova, А. Zyn, Natalia SybirnaAbstract:The article contains data on the influence of biogenic surfactants synthesized by bacteria Pseudomonas sp. PS-17 on the stability of emulsions based on alkaloid-free fraction isolated from Galega officinalis L. extract. The optimum concentrations of biogenic surfactants to stabilize investigated emulsionswere Experimentally chosen. The chemical composition of alkaloid-free fractions from Galega officinalis L. extract before and after stabilization were investigated. The resulting substance is easier to administer to animals through a tube, which not only improves the accuracy of the dosage, but also increases its bioavailability. Reduction of glycosylated hemoglobin at 13.4 % and glucose content to the physiological values in the rats blood with Experimental Diabetes Mellitus by administration within 14 days stabilized emulsions compared with the original emulsion shows that emulsion stabilized by the biogenic surfactant based on alkaloid-free fraction isolated from Galega officinalis an extract provides effective hyperglycemia compensation in rats under Experimental Diabetes Mellitus, compared with the original mixture, which may be caused by changes in the proportion of biologically active substances in the extract while stabilizing and its better bioavailability
