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Marcelo Olarreaga - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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exploring the heterogeneous effects of Export Promotion
The World Bank Economic Review, 2019Co-Authors: Marcelo Olarreaga, Stephan Sperlich, Virginie TrachselAbstract:A semiparametric varying coefficient model is used to explore the heterogeneity in returns to Export Promotion across countries. Differences in characteristics of Export-Promotion agencies drive the heterogeneity in returns. Interestingly, characteristics that matter for Export growth do not necessarily matter for GDP per capita growth. A 1 percent increase in Export-Promotion budgets is associated with an average increase in Exports of 0.10 percent and an average increase in GDP per capita of 0.06 percent. However, these average returns hide a lot of heterogeneity. Returns in terms of Exports vary from 0 percent in Cyprus and Vietnam to 0.22 percent in Portugal. Returns in terms of GDP per capita show less heterogeneity, varying from 0.05 in Malawi to 0.10 percent in Portugal and Nicaragua.
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Export Promotion what works
2016Co-Authors: Marcelo Olarreaga, Stephan Sperlich, Virginie TrachselAbstract:We explore the heterogeneity in returns to Export Promotion across countries using a semi-parametric varying coefficient model. We find that a one percent increase in Export Promotion budgets generates an increase in Export growth between 0.03 and 0.08 percent. Returns in terms of GDP per capita show less heterogeneity and vary from 0.05 to 0.07. Differences in the characteristics of Export Promotion agencies drive the heterogeneity in returns to Export Promotion across countries. More importantly, characteristics that may help Export growth are not necessarily those that help GDP per capita growth.
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Export Promotion and Firm Entry into and Survival in Export Markets - Export Promotion and Firm Entry into and Survival in Export Markets
Canadian Journal of Development Studies, 2015Co-Authors: Daniel Lederman, Marcelo Olarreaga, Lucas ZavalaAbstract:Surveys of Export Promotion agencies suggest that that they tend to focus on helping firms become Exporters as a means to stimulate aggregate Export growth. But the existing empirical evidence has paid little attention to the role of Export Promotion agencies in helping entry into Exporting. This paper fills this gap with a panel of Exporting and non-Exporting firms from seven Latin American countries during the period 2006-2010. The results suggest that Export Promotion encourages Exports mainly by helping firms enter into and survive in Export markets. The impact on the intensive margin of Exporting firms is not robust. This finding is consistent with Export Promotion helping reduce fixed rather than variable costs of Exporting, which is to be expected if Export Promotion agencies help correct for market failures associated with information externalities.
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Export Promotion and firm entry into and survival in Export markets
Canadian Journal of Development Studies, 2015Co-Authors: Daniel Lederman, Marcelo Olarreaga, Lucas ZavalaAbstract:Surveys of Export Promotion agencies suggest that that they tend to focus on helping firms become Exporters as a means to stimulate aggregate Export growth. But the existing empirical evidence has paid little attention to the role of Export Promotion agencies in helping entry into Exporting. This paper fills this gap with a panel of Exporting and non-Exporting firms from seven Latin American countries during the period 2006-2010. The results suggest that Export Promotion encourages Exports mainly by helping firms enter into and survive in Export markets. The impact on the intensive margin of Exporting firms is not robust. This finding is consistent with Export Promotion helping reduce fixed rather than variable costs of Exporting, which is to be expected if Export Promotion agencies help correct for market failures associated with information externalities.
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Export Promotion agencies do they work
Journal of Development Economics, 2010Co-Authors: Daniel Lederman, Marcelo Olarreaga, Lucy PaytonAbstract:The number of national Export Promotion agencies (EPAs) has tripled over the last two decades. While more countries made them part of their Export strategy, studies criticized their efficacy in developing countries. EPAs were retooled, partly in response to these critiques. This paper studies the impact of today's EPAs and their strategies, based on new survey data covering 103 developing and developed countries. Results suggest that on average they have a statistically significant effect on Exports. Our identification strategies highlight the importance of EPA services for overcoming foreign trade barriers and solving asymmetric information problems associated with Exports of heterogeneous goods. There are also strong diminishing returns, suggesting that as far as EPAs are concerned, small is beautiful.
Daniel Lederman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Anatomy and Impact of Export Promotion Agencies
Policy Research Working Papers, 2018Co-Authors: Marcio Jose Vargas Da Cruz, Daniel Lederman, Laura De Castro ZorattoAbstract:Recent literature has shown evidence of positive contributions of Export Promotion agencies around the world in raising Exports, through the intensive and extensive margins of trade. The number of Export Promotion agencies has increased substantially over the past two decades, and most of them focus on assisting Exporters in understanding and finding markets for their products. This paper describes the characteristics of Export Promotion agencies around the world, using a novel database from the World Bank, in collaboration with the International Trade Center in Geneva, covering 2005-10. In addition, it presents a short summary of the literature on the impacts of Export Promotion agencies.
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Export Promotion and Firm Entry into and Survival in Export Markets - Export Promotion and Firm Entry into and Survival in Export Markets
Canadian Journal of Development Studies, 2015Co-Authors: Daniel Lederman, Marcelo Olarreaga, Lucas ZavalaAbstract:Surveys of Export Promotion agencies suggest that that they tend to focus on helping firms become Exporters as a means to stimulate aggregate Export growth. But the existing empirical evidence has paid little attention to the role of Export Promotion agencies in helping entry into Exporting. This paper fills this gap with a panel of Exporting and non-Exporting firms from seven Latin American countries during the period 2006-2010. The results suggest that Export Promotion encourages Exports mainly by helping firms enter into and survive in Export markets. The impact on the intensive margin of Exporting firms is not robust. This finding is consistent with Export Promotion helping reduce fixed rather than variable costs of Exporting, which is to be expected if Export Promotion agencies help correct for market failures associated with information externalities.
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Export Promotion and firm entry into and survival in Export markets
Canadian Journal of Development Studies, 2015Co-Authors: Daniel Lederman, Marcelo Olarreaga, Lucas ZavalaAbstract:Surveys of Export Promotion agencies suggest that that they tend to focus on helping firms become Exporters as a means to stimulate aggregate Export growth. But the existing empirical evidence has paid little attention to the role of Export Promotion agencies in helping entry into Exporting. This paper fills this gap with a panel of Exporting and non-Exporting firms from seven Latin American countries during the period 2006-2010. The results suggest that Export Promotion encourages Exports mainly by helping firms enter into and survive in Export markets. The impact on the intensive margin of Exporting firms is not robust. This finding is consistent with Export Promotion helping reduce fixed rather than variable costs of Exporting, which is to be expected if Export Promotion agencies help correct for market failures associated with information externalities.
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Export Promotion agencies do they work
Journal of Development Economics, 2010Co-Authors: Daniel Lederman, Marcelo Olarreaga, Lucy PaytonAbstract:The number of national Export Promotion agencies (EPAs) has tripled over the last two decades. While more countries made them part of their Export strategy, studies criticized their efficacy in developing countries. EPAs were retooled, partly in response to these critiques. This paper studies the impact of today's EPAs and their strategies, based on new survey data covering 103 developing and developed countries. Results suggest that on average they have a statistically significant effect on Exports. Our identification strategies highlight the importance of EPA services for overcoming foreign trade barriers and solving asymmetric information problems associated with Exports of heterogeneous goods. There are also strong diminishing returns, suggesting that as far as EPAs are concerned, small is beautiful.
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Export Promotion Agencies Revisited - Export Promotion Agencies Revisited
Policy Research Working Papers, 2009Co-Authors: Daniel Lederman, Marcelo Olarreaga, Lucy PaytonAbstract:The number of national Export Promotion agencies has tripled over the past two decades. Although more countries made them part of their Export strategy, studies criticized their efficacy in developing countries. The agencies were retooled, partly in response to these critiques. This paper studies the impact of today's Export Promotion agencies and their strategies, based on new survey data covering 103 developing and developed countries. The results suggest that on average they have a statistically significant effect on Exports. The identification strategies highlight the importance of EPA services for overcoming foreign trade barriers and solving asymmetric information problems associated with Exports of heterogeneous goods. There are also strong diminishing returns, suggesting that as far as Export Promotion agencies are concerned, small is beautiful.
Robert Newbery - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Export Promotion programmes and smes performance exploring the network Promotion role
Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 2017Co-Authors: Mohamed Yacine Haddoud, Paul Jones, Robert NewberyAbstract:Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the network Promotion role of Export Promotion programmes in driving small and medium enterprises’ (SMEs) Export performance. Design/methodology/approach Drawing on a dual institutional and network-based approaches to internationalisation, the study tests an integrative model that explores the mediating role of SMEs’ relationships in the link between government Export Promotion programmes (both informational and experiential forms) and Export performance. The model was tested using a sample of 160 UK small and medium Exporter firms. The data were analysed through a structural equation modelling technique. Findings The study finds that whilst both informational and experiential Export Promotion programmes improved all forms of SMEs’ relationships, only experiential forms had an indirect effect on Export performance. Further, only relationships with foreign buyers had a positive impact on Export performance. Research limitations/implications The results of this research provide directions for Export Promotion organisations in targeting their network support provision and for SMEs in utilising such a support. The study calls for similar research in different contexts to validate the proposed model. Originality/value This study brings novel findings to the extant literature by conceptualising and validating the importance of the “network Promotion” element of Export Promotion programmes.
Lucy Payton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Export Promotion agencies do they work
Journal of Development Economics, 2010Co-Authors: Daniel Lederman, Marcelo Olarreaga, Lucy PaytonAbstract:The number of national Export Promotion agencies (EPAs) has tripled over the last two decades. While more countries made them part of their Export strategy, studies criticized their efficacy in developing countries. EPAs were retooled, partly in response to these critiques. This paper studies the impact of today's EPAs and their strategies, based on new survey data covering 103 developing and developed countries. Results suggest that on average they have a statistically significant effect on Exports. Our identification strategies highlight the importance of EPA services for overcoming foreign trade barriers and solving asymmetric information problems associated with Exports of heterogeneous goods. There are also strong diminishing returns, suggesting that as far as EPAs are concerned, small is beautiful.
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Export Promotion Agencies Revisited - Export Promotion Agencies Revisited
Policy Research Working Papers, 2009Co-Authors: Daniel Lederman, Marcelo Olarreaga, Lucy PaytonAbstract:The number of national Export Promotion agencies has tripled over the past two decades. Although more countries made them part of their Export strategy, studies criticized their efficacy in developing countries. The agencies were retooled, partly in response to these critiques. This paper studies the impact of today's Export Promotion agencies and their strategies, based on new survey data covering 103 developing and developed countries. The results suggest that on average they have a statistically significant effect on Exports. The identification strategies highlight the importance of EPA services for overcoming foreign trade barriers and solving asymmetric information problems associated with Exports of heterogeneous goods. There are also strong diminishing returns, suggesting that as far as Export Promotion agencies are concerned, small is beautiful.
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Export Promotion agencies revisited
2009Co-Authors: Daniel Lederman, Marcelo Olarreaga, Lucy PaytonAbstract:The number of national Export Promotion agencies has tripled over the past two decades. Although more countries made them part of their Export strategy, studies criticized their efficacy in developing countries. The agencies were retooled, partly in response to these critiques. This paper studies the impact of today's Export Promotion agencies and their strategies, based on new survey data covering 103 developing and developed countries. The results suggest that on average they have a statistically significant effect on Exports. The identification strategies highlight the importance of EPA services for overcoming foreign trade barriers and solving asymmetric information problems associated with Exports of heterogeneous goods. There are also strong diminishing returns, suggesting that as far as Export Promotion agencies are concerned, small is beautiful.
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Export Promotion Agencies : What Works And What Doesn't - Export Promotion Agencies: What Works and What Doesn't
Policy Research Working Papers, 2006Co-Authors: Daniel Lederman, Marcelo Olarreaga, Lucy PaytonAbstract:The number of national Export Promotion agencies (EPAs) has tripled over the past two decades. While more countries have made them part of their national Export strategy, studies have criticized their efficiency in developing countries (Hogan, Keesing, and Singer 1991). Partly in reaction to these critiques, EPAs have been retooled (see International Trade Centre, ITC, 1998 or 2000, for example). This paper studies the impact of existing EPAs and their strategies based on a new data set covering 104 industrial and developing countries. Results suggest that on average they have a strong and statistically significant impact on Exports. For each $1 of Export Promotion, the paper estimates a $40 increase in Exports for the median EPA. However, there is heterogeneity across regions, levels of development, and types of instruments. Furthermore, there are strong diminishing returns, suggesting that as far as EPAs are concerned, small is beautiful.
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Export Promotion agencies what works and what doesn t
Trade note, 2006Co-Authors: Daniel Lederman, Marcelo Olarreaga, Lucy PaytonAbstract:The number of national Export Promotion agencies (EPAs) has tripled over the past two decades. While more countries have made them part of their national Export strategy, studies have criticized their efficiency in developing countries (Hogan, Keesing, and Singer 1991). Partly in reaction to these critiques, EPAs have been retooled (see International Trade Centre, ITC, 1998 or 2000, for example). This paper studies the impact of existing EPAs and their strategies based on a new data set covering 104 industrial and developing countries. Results suggest that on average they have a strong and statistically significant impact on Exports. For each $1 of Export Promotion, the paper estimates a $40 increase in Exports for the median EPA. However, there is heterogeneity across regions, levels of development, and types of instruments. Furthermore, there are strong diminishing returns, suggesting that as far as EPAs are concerned, small is beautiful.
James E. Epperson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Export DEMAND FOR U.S. PECANS: IMPACTS OF U.S. Export Promotion PROGRAMS *
Agribusiness, 2000Co-Authors: Izuchukwu M. Onunkwo, James E. EppersonAbstract:The purpose of this study was to estimate the impact of the major factors affecting the Export demand for U.S. pecans in Asia and the E.U. which together import about 27% of U.S. pecan Exports. The primary objective pertained to the impacts of federal Promotion programs on the foreign demand for U.S. pecans. Based on previous literature, a single-equation framework was specified for estimation of the pecan model. Based on Promotion elasticities, impacts on pecan Export revenue from Promotion were evaluated. The returns per dollar of Promotion expenditure for pecans were $6.45 for Asia and $6.75 for the E.U. Further, some spill-over benefits for pecan Exports were detected from almond Export Promotion in Asia and walnut Export Promotion in the E.U. It appears that the U.S. pecan industry can benefit substantially from increased Export Promotion in both Asia and the E.U. lL660, Q130, Q170r. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Export demand for u s pecans impacts of u s Export Promotion programs
Agribusiness, 2000Co-Authors: Izuchukwu M. Onunkwo, James E. EppersonAbstract:The purpose of this study was to estimate the impact of the major factors affecting the Export demand for U.S. pecans in Asia and the E.U. which together import about 27% of U.S. pecan Exports. The primary objective pertained to the impacts of federal Promotion programs on the foreign demand for U.S. pecans. Based on previous literature, a single-equation framework was specified for estimation of the pecan model. Based on Promotion elasticities, impacts on pecan Export revenue from Promotion were evaluated. The returns per dollar of Promotion expenditure for pecans were $6.45 for Asia and $6.75 for the E.U. Further, some spill-over benefits for pecan Exports were detected from almond Export Promotion in Asia and walnut Export Promotion in the E.U. It appears that the U.S. pecan industry can benefit substantially from increased Export Promotion in both Asia and the E.U. lL660, Q130, Q170r. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Export DEMAND FOR U.S. PECANS: IMPACTS OF U.S. Export Promotion
1999Co-Authors: Izuchukwu M. Onunkwo, James E. EppersonAbstract:The purpose of this study was to estimate the impact of the major factors affecting the Export demand for U.S. pecans in Asia and the E.U. which together import about 27% of U.S. pecan Exports. The primary objective was to estimate the impacts of federal Promotion programs on the foreign demand for U.S. pecans. Based on previous literature, a single- equation framework was specified for estimation of the pecan model. Based on Promotion elasticities, impacts on pecan Export revenue from Promotion were evaluated. The returns per dollar of Promotion expenditure for pecans were $6.45 for Asia and $6.75 for the E.U. Further, some spillover benefits for pecan Exports were detected from almond Export Promotion in Asia and walnut Export Promotion in the E.U. It appears that the U.S. pecan industry can benefit substantially from increased Export Promotion in both Asia and the E.U.
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Export demand for us orange juice impacts of us Export Promotion programs
Agribusiness, 1997Co-Authors: Bernard Kaku Ndarku Armah, James E. EppersonAbstract:Export demand for US frozen concentrated orange juice (FCOJ) was estimated with special focus on the impacts of Export Promotion programs based on annual observations from 1984 to 1992. The study was based on Exports to France, Germany, Japan, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom. Results indicate that own-price, real exchange rate of the importing country in most cases, and trend had a negative relationship with US FCOJ Exports; while the price of Brazilian FCOJ Exports, the real income (GNP) of the importing country, and Export Promotion programs were positively related to US FCOJ Exports. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
