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Jasmine Abdulcadir - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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international continence society white paper regarding Female Genital Mutilation cutting
Neurourology and Urodynamics, 2019Co-Authors: Christopher K Payne, Jasmine Abdulcadir, Charlemagne Ouedraogo, Sebastien Madzou, Fasnewinde A KaboreAbstract:Female Genital Mutilation/cutting (FGM/C)-also known as Female Genital Cutting or Mutilation-is defined as the partial or total removal of the Female external Genitalia for non-therapeutic reasons. This White Paper, prepared under the auspices of the International Continence Society (ICS), is intended by the ICS as a statement promoting the abandonment of this practice. The ICS also supports the respectful and evidence-based care or treatment of women and girls already affected by FGM/C, in keeping with the World Health Organization (WHO) Guidelines on the Management of Health Complications from Female Genital Mutilation. Our members specialize in pelvic floor disorders from perspectives within a range of specialties; we encounter and treat women living with FGM/C and its consequences-particularly incontinence, infections, voiding dysfunction, sexual dysfunction, chronic pelvic pain, and obstetric trauma. Understanding the ethical, sociocultural, medical and surgical factors surrounding FGM/C is central to caring for women and girls with a history of FGM/C. The ICS voices herein state strong opposition to FGM/C. We encourage members to apply their skills to improve prevention strategies and the management of those affected.
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management of painful clitoral neuroma after Female Genital Mutilation cutting
Reproductive Health, 2017Co-Authors: Jasmine Abdulcadir, Jeanchristophe Tille, Patrick PetignatAbstract:Traumatic neuromas are the result of regenerative disorganized proliferation of the proximal portion of lesioned nerves. They can exist in any anatomical site and are responsible for neuropathic pain. Post-traumatic neuromas of the clitoris have been described as an uncommon consequence of Female Genital Mutilation/cutting (FGM/C). FGM/C involves partial or total removal of the Female Genital organs for non-therapeutic reasons. It can involve cutting of the clitoris and can cause psychological, sexual, and physical complications. We aimed to evaluate the symptoms and management of women presenting with a clitoral neuroma after Female Genital Mutilation/cutting (FGM/C). We identified women who attended our specialized clinic for women with FGM/C who were diagnosed with a traumatic neuroma of the clitoris between April 1, 2010 and June 30, 2016. We reviewed their medical files and collected socio-demographic, clinical, surgical, and histopathological information. Seven women were diagnosed with clitoral neuroma. Six attended our clinic to undergo clitoral reconstruction, and three of these suffered from clitoral pain. The peri-clitoral fibrosis was removed during clitoral reconstruction, which revealed neuroma of the clitoris in all six subjects. Pain was ameliorated after surgery. The seventh woman presented with a visible and palpable painful clitoral mass diagnosed as a neuroma. Excision of the mass ameliorated the pain. Sexual function improved in five women. One was not sexually active, and one had not yet resumed sex. Post-traumatic clitoral neuroma can be a consequence of FGM/C. It can cause clitoral pain or be asymptomatic. In the case of pain symptoms, effective treatment is neuroma surgical excision, which can be performed during clitoral reconstruction. Surgery should be considered as part of multidisciplinary care. The efficacy of neuroma excision alone or during clitoral reconstruction to treat clitoral pain should be further assessed among symptomatic women.
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Female Genital Mutilation a visual reference and learning tool for health care professionals
Obstetrics & Gynecology, 2016Co-Authors: Jasmine Abdulcadir, Patrick Petignat, Lucrezia Catania, Michelle J Hindin, Lale Say, Omar AbdulcadirAbstract:Female Genital Mutilation comprises all procedures that involve partial or total removal of the external Female Genitalia or injury to the Female Genital organs for nonmedical reasons. Health care providers for women and girls living with Female Genital Mutilation have reported difficulties in recognizing, classifying, and recording Female Genital Mutilation, which can adversely affect treatment of complications and discussions of the prevention of the practice in future generations. According to the World Health Organization, Female Genital Mutilation is classified into four types, subdivided into subtypes. An agreed-upon classification of Female Genital Mutilation is important for clinical practice, management, recording, and reporting, as well as for research on prevalence, trends, and consequences of Female Genital Mutilation. We provide a visual reference and learning tool for health care professionals. The tool can be consulted by caregivers when unsure on the type of Female Genital Mutilation diagnosed and used for training and surveys for monitoring the prevalence of Female Genital Mutilation types and subtypes.
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a systematic review of the evidence on clitoral reconstruction after Female Genital Mutilation cutting
International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 2015Co-Authors: Jasmine Abdulcadir, Maria Ines Rodriguez, Lale SayAbstract:Background Clitoral reconstruction is a new surgical technique for women who have undergone Female Genital Mutilation/cutting (FGM/C).
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research gaps in the care of women with Female Genital Mutilation an analysis
British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2015Co-Authors: Jasmine Abdulcadir, Maria Ines Rodriguez, Lale SayAbstract:Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) includes procedures involving the partial or total removal of the external Female Genitals for non-therapeutic reasons. They can have negative psychosexual and health consequences that need specific care. In this paper, we review some key knowledge gaps in the clinical care of women with FGM, focusing on obstetric outcomes, surgical interventions (defibulation and clitoral reconstruction), and the skills and training of healthcare professionals involved in the prevention and management of FGM. We identify research priorities to improve the evidence necessary to establish guidelines for the best multidisciplinary care, communication, and prevention, and to improve health-promotion measures for women with FGM.
Sarah M Creighton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Female Genital Mutilation what every paediatrician should know
Archives of Disease in Childhood, 2016Co-Authors: Sarah M Creighton, Deborah HodesAbstract:Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) is almost always performed on children and consequently paediatricians should have a central role in the detection and prevention of FGM. FGM has no health benefits and can cause lifelong damage to physical and psychological health. Extensive migration of FGM practising communities means that FGM is now a global problem. Paediatricians worldwide need to be familiar with the identification and classification of FGM and its impact upon health as well as current trends in practice. However information about FGM is hampered by the secrecy surrounding the procedure and a lack of rigorous evidence based research. This review summarises what is currently known about the health aspects of FGM and how paediatricians should manage children with FGM in their clinical practice.
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long term health consequences of Female Genital Mutilation fgm
Maturitas, 2015Co-Authors: Daniel Reisel, Sarah M CreightonAbstract:Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) comprises various procedures which remove or damage the external Female Genital organs for no medical reason. FGM has no health benefits and is recognised to cause severe short and long term damage to both physical and psychological health. Although FGM is primarily performed in Africa, Asia and the Middle East, migration of FGM practising communities means that the health complications of FGM will have a global impact. It is important that health professionals world wide are aware of the damage FGM causes to long term health. In some cases it may be possible to offer interventions that will alleviate or improve symptoms. However whilst there is some high quality research on FGM and pregnancy outcomes, little is known about the effects on gynaecological, psychological and sexual function. Research is hampered by the problems of data collection on such a sensitive topic as well as the practical difficulties of analysis of studies based mainly on retrospect recall. Well planned hospital based studies of the impact of FGM on physical and psychological health are urgently need but are currently absent from the medical literature. Such studies could generate robust evidence to allow clinicians to benchmark clinical effectiveness and high quality medical care for survivors of FGM.
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tackling Female Genital Mutilation in the uk
BMJ, 2013Co-Authors: Sarah M Creighton, Zimran Samuel, Naana Otoooyortey, Deborah HodesAbstract:Intercollegiate recommendations are welcome, but where is the action plan? As a result of the diaspora of communities that practise Female Genital Mutilation, many more women are now living with Genital Mutilation in the United Kingdom, and many more girls are at risk. The campaign to end the practice in the UK has been spearheaded by committed and experienced activists (www.forwarduk.org.uk, www.equalitynow.org with wide institutional endorsement),1 as reflected in recent intercollegiate recommendations for dealing with the problem.2 The document results from collaboration between the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, the Royal College of Midwives, the Royal College of Nursing, Equality Now, and the Unite union. It merges key points from several existing guidelines3 4 5 6 into a single paper that reiterates the core message: Female Genital Mutilation is a form of child abuse. It points to the importance of data collection and sharing between relevant agencies for effective action. It stipulates appropriate professional care for girls and young women affected by the practice. For the recommendations to be implemented (we hope urgently), a strategic implementation plan with a tight time frame is …
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quality of obstetric and midwifery care for pregnant women who have undergone Female Genital Mutilation
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2013Co-Authors: N Zenner, L M Liao, Y Richens, Sarah M CreightonAbstract:Despite the availability of professional guidelines for the pregnancy management of women affected by Female Genital Mutilation (FGM), this study demonstrated major deficits in identification, management and safeguarding.
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Female Genital Mutilation the role of health professionals in prevention assessment and management
BMJ, 2012Co-Authors: Jane Simpson, Sarah M Creighton, Kerry Robinson, Deborah HodesAbstract:#### Summary points Female Genital Mutilation (FGM), also known as Female circumcision or cutting, is thought to affect 100-140 million women worldwide.1 It describes a range of procedures, often involving partial or total excision of the external Female Genitalia, that are carried out for non-medical reasons (box 1; figs 1-4⇓ ⇓ ⇓ ⇓).2 FGM breaches international human rights law, in particular the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child,3 and has been criminalised in much of the world, including many African countries in which it is traditionally practised. The United Kingdom is one of several Western countries that have enacted specific legislation in response to international migration (box 2).4 #### Box 1 Classification of Female Genital Mutilation5
Lale Say - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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gender equality and human rights approaches to Female Genital Mutilation a review of international human rights norms and standards
Reproductive Health, 2017Co-Authors: Rajat Khosla, Lale Say, Joya Banerjee, Doris Chou, Susana T FriedAbstract:Two hundred million girls and women in the world are estimated to have undergone Female Genital Mutilation (FGM), and another 15 million girls are at risk of experiencing it by 2020 in high prevalence countries (UNICEF, 2016. Female Genital Mutilation/cutting: a global concern. 2016). Despite decades of concerted efforts to eradicate or abandon the practice, and the increased need for clear guidance on the treatment and care of women who have undergone FGM, present efforts have not yet been able to effectively curb the number of women and girls subjected to this practice (UNICEF. Female Genital Mutilation/cutting: a statistical overview and exploration of the dynamics of change. 2013), nor are they sufficient to respond to health needs of millions of women and girls living with FGM. International efforts to address FGM have thus far focused primarily on preventing the practice, with less attention to treating associated health complications, caring for survivors, and engaging health care providers as key stakeholders. Recognizing this imperative, WHO developed guidelines on management of health complications of FGM. In this paper, based on foundational research for the development of WHO’s guidelines, we situate the practice of FGM as a rights violation in the context of international and national policy and efforts, and explore the role of health providers in upholding health-related human rights of women at girls who are survivors, or who are at risk. Findings are based on a literature review of relevant international human rights treaties and UN Treaty Monitoring Bodies.
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Female Genital Mutilation a visual reference and learning tool for health care professionals
Obstetrics & Gynecology, 2016Co-Authors: Jasmine Abdulcadir, Patrick Petignat, Lucrezia Catania, Michelle J Hindin, Lale Say, Omar AbdulcadirAbstract:Female Genital Mutilation comprises all procedures that involve partial or total removal of the external Female Genitalia or injury to the Female Genital organs for nonmedical reasons. Health care providers for women and girls living with Female Genital Mutilation have reported difficulties in recognizing, classifying, and recording Female Genital Mutilation, which can adversely affect treatment of complications and discussions of the prevention of the practice in future generations. According to the World Health Organization, Female Genital Mutilation is classified into four types, subdivided into subtypes. An agreed-upon classification of Female Genital Mutilation is important for clinical practice, management, recording, and reporting, as well as for research on prevalence, trends, and consequences of Female Genital Mutilation. We provide a visual reference and learning tool for health care professionals. The tool can be consulted by caregivers when unsure on the type of Female Genital Mutilation diagnosed and used for training and surveys for monitoring the prevalence of Female Genital Mutilation types and subtypes.
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a systematic review of the evidence on clitoral reconstruction after Female Genital Mutilation cutting
International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 2015Co-Authors: Jasmine Abdulcadir, Maria Ines Rodriguez, Lale SayAbstract:Background Clitoral reconstruction is a new surgical technique for women who have undergone Female Genital Mutilation/cutting (FGM/C).
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research gaps in the care of women with Female Genital Mutilation an analysis
British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2015Co-Authors: Jasmine Abdulcadir, Maria Ines Rodriguez, Lale SayAbstract:Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) includes procedures involving the partial or total removal of the external Female Genitals for non-therapeutic reasons. They can have negative psychosexual and health consequences that need specific care. In this paper, we review some key knowledge gaps in the clinical care of women with FGM, focusing on obstetric outcomes, surgical interventions (defibulation and clitoral reconstruction), and the skills and training of healthcare professionals involved in the prevention and management of FGM. We identify research priorities to improve the evidence necessary to establish guidelines for the best multidisciplinary care, communication, and prevention, and to improve health-promotion measures for women with FGM.
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clitoral reconstruction after Female Genital Mutilation cutting case studies
The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 2015Co-Authors: Jasmine Abdulcadir, Patrick Petignat, Maria Ines Rodriguez, Lale SayAbstract:Abstract Introduction Clitoral reconstruction following Female Genital Mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) is a new surgical technique reported to be a feasible and effective strategy to reduce clitoral pain, improve sexual pleasure, and restore a vulvar appearance similar to uncircumcised women. However, data on safety, care offered, and evaluation of sexual and pain outcomes are still limited. Aims This study aims to present the care offered and clinical outcomes of two women who received multidisciplinary care, including psychosexual treatment, with clitoral reconstruction. We report their long‐term outcomes, and the histology of the removed periclitoral fibrosis. Methods We report the cases of two women with FGM/C types II and III who requested clitoral reconstruction for different reasons. One woman hoped to improve her chronic vulvar pain, as well as improve her sexual response. The other woman requested surgery due to a desire to reverse a procedure that was performed without her consent, and a wish to have a Genital appearance similar to non infibulated women. They both underwent psychosexual evaluation and therapy and surgery. The histology of the periclitoral fibrosis removed during surgery was analyzed. Results At 1‐year postoperatively, the first woman reported complete disappearance of vulvar pain and improved sexual pleasure, including orgasm. Our second patient also described improved sexuality at 1‐year follow‐up (increased sexual desire, lubrication, vulvar pleasure, and sensitiveness), which she attributed to a better self body image and confidence. Both women reported feeling satisfied, happy, and more beautiful. Conclusion We show a positive outcome in pain reduction and improved sexual function, self body image, and gender after psychosexual therapy and clitoral reconstruction. More evidence is needed about clitoral reconstruction to develop guidelines on best practices. Until research is conducted that rigorously evaluates clitoral reconstruction for its impact on pain and sexuality, we advise always offering a multidisciplinary care, including sexual therapy before and after the surgery. Abdulcadir J, Rodriguez MI, Petignat P, and Say L. Clitoral reconstruction after Female Genital Mutilation/cutting: Case studies. J Sex Med 2015;12:274–281.
Abdulrahim A Rouzi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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defibulation during vaginal delivery for women with type iii Female Genital Mutilation
Obstetrics & Gynecology, 2012Co-Authors: Abdulrahim A Rouzi, S A Alsibiani, Nisma Almansouri, Nawal Alsinani, Eetedal A Aljahdali, Khalid DarhouseAbstract:OBJECTIVE: To assess the routine practice of defibulation during vaginal delivery for women who have undergone Female Genital Mutilation or cutting. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A case-control study was conducted on women from Sudan, Somalia, Ethiopia, Egypt, and Yemen who delivered at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, from January 1, 2000, to November 30, 2011. Women who had defibulation were identified, and their records were examined. For each woman who had defibulation, a woman from the same nationality who delivered without defibulation on the same day or the next days was chosen as a control. Data collected included demographics, mode of delivery, blood loss, intraoperative and postoperative complications, and labor outcome. RESULTS: During the study period, 388 women underwent defibulation during vaginal delivery. Women who did not have defibulation were chosen as a control group (n=388). In the defibulation group, 300 (77.3%) women were registered during pregnancy; 88 (22.7%) women were unregistered. Defibulation during vaginal delivery was successfully performed by residents and senior residents under the care of the attending on call. No cesarean delivery was performed because of Female Genital Mutilation or cutting, and no spontaneous rupture of the scar occurred. There were no statistically significant differences between women who had defibulation with those who did not or between infibulated registered and unregistered women in the duration of labor, episiotomy rates, blood loss, Apgar score, or fetal birth weight. CONCLUSION: Defibulation during vaginal delivery is a valid management option. Labor attendants should be trained to perform it.
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sexual function in women with Female Genital Mutilation
Fertility and Sterility, 2008Co-Authors: S A Alsibiani, Abdulrahim A RouziAbstract:Objective To compare the sexual function of women with Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) to women without FGM. Design A prospective case-control study. Setting A tertiary referral university hospital. Patient(s) One hundred and thirty sexually active women with FGM and 130 sexually active women without FGM in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Intervention(s) Women with and without FGM were asked to answer the Arabic-translated version of the Female sexual function index (FSFI) questionnaire. Main Outcome Measure(s) The individual domain scores for pain, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction, pain, and overall score of the FSFI were calculated. Result(s) The two groups were comparable in demographic characteristics. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in mean desire score (± standard deviation) or pain score. However, there were statistically significant differences between the two groups in their scores for arousal, lubrication, orgasm, and satisfaction as well as the overall score. Conclusion(s) Sexual function in women with FGM is adversely altered. This adds to the well-known health consequences of FGM. Efforts to document and explain these complications should be encouraged so that FGM can be abandoned.
S A Alsibiani - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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defibulation during vaginal delivery for women with type iii Female Genital Mutilation
Obstetrics & Gynecology, 2012Co-Authors: Abdulrahim A Rouzi, S A Alsibiani, Nisma Almansouri, Nawal Alsinani, Eetedal A Aljahdali, Khalid DarhouseAbstract:OBJECTIVE: To assess the routine practice of defibulation during vaginal delivery for women who have undergone Female Genital Mutilation or cutting. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A case-control study was conducted on women from Sudan, Somalia, Ethiopia, Egypt, and Yemen who delivered at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, from January 1, 2000, to November 30, 2011. Women who had defibulation were identified, and their records were examined. For each woman who had defibulation, a woman from the same nationality who delivered without defibulation on the same day or the next days was chosen as a control. Data collected included demographics, mode of delivery, blood loss, intraoperative and postoperative complications, and labor outcome. RESULTS: During the study period, 388 women underwent defibulation during vaginal delivery. Women who did not have defibulation were chosen as a control group (n=388). In the defibulation group, 300 (77.3%) women were registered during pregnancy; 88 (22.7%) women were unregistered. Defibulation during vaginal delivery was successfully performed by residents and senior residents under the care of the attending on call. No cesarean delivery was performed because of Female Genital Mutilation or cutting, and no spontaneous rupture of the scar occurred. There were no statistically significant differences between women who had defibulation with those who did not or between infibulated registered and unregistered women in the duration of labor, episiotomy rates, blood loss, Apgar score, or fetal birth weight. CONCLUSION: Defibulation during vaginal delivery is a valid management option. Labor attendants should be trained to perform it.
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sexual function in women with Female Genital Mutilation
Fertility and Sterility, 2008Co-Authors: S A Alsibiani, Abdulrahim A RouziAbstract:Objective To compare the sexual function of women with Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) to women without FGM. Design A prospective case-control study. Setting A tertiary referral university hospital. Patient(s) One hundred and thirty sexually active women with FGM and 130 sexually active women without FGM in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Intervention(s) Women with and without FGM were asked to answer the Arabic-translated version of the Female sexual function index (FSFI) questionnaire. Main Outcome Measure(s) The individual domain scores for pain, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction, pain, and overall score of the FSFI were calculated. Result(s) The two groups were comparable in demographic characteristics. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in mean desire score (± standard deviation) or pain score. However, there were statistically significant differences between the two groups in their scores for arousal, lubrication, orgasm, and satisfaction as well as the overall score. Conclusion(s) Sexual function in women with FGM is adversely altered. This adds to the well-known health consequences of FGM. Efforts to document and explain these complications should be encouraged so that FGM can be abandoned.
