The Experts below are selected from a list of 843 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Pérez Cerdá, Marta Araceli - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Rediseño del packaging y el diseño gráfico de los productos de higiene femenina
2020Co-Authors: Pérez Cerdá, Marta AraceliAbstract:[ES] El objetivo de este proyecto es rediseñar el packaging de los productos de higiene femenina, es decir, buscar una solución alternativa a los envases que ya existen en el mercado a partir de los problemas detectados en ellos por la experiencia tanto de la autora de este trabajo como la de todas las personas entrevistadas en él.[EN] This work is based on own experience and the experiences of nearby women who detect problems and discomfort in certain Feminine Hygiene products and the use of them. With this work you don't want to change the product itself, but that packaging, either tampons or pads, can be adapted to any situation of life and any space, facilitating the reach of products, storage and transport in case of travel or outputs of home longer than usual. Another point to change is the material of the containers, a lot of them are made of plastic and a way to help the environment by reducing the consumption of this material is changing it by cardboard. In addition, change the graphic design and make it more innovative, attractive and explanatory.Pérez Cerdá, MA. (2020). Rediseño del packaging y el diseño gráfico de los productos de higiene femenina. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/152738TFG
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Rediseño del packaging y el diseño gráfico de los productos de higiene femenina
'Universitat Politecnica de Valencia', 2020Co-Authors: Pérez Cerdá, Marta AraceliAbstract:[ES] El objetivo de este proyecto es rediseñar el packaging de los productos de higiene femenina, es decir, buscar una solución alternativa a los envases que ya existen en el mercado a partir de los problemas detectados en ellos por la experiencia tanto de la autora de este trabajo como la de todas las personas entrevistadas en él.[EN] This work is based on own experience and the experiences of nearby women who detect problems and discomfort in certain Feminine Hygiene products and the use of them. With this work you don't want to change the product itself, but that packaging, either tampons or pads, can be adapted to any situation of life and any space, facilitating the reach of products, storage and transport in case of travel or outputs of home longer than usual. Another point to change is the material of the containers, a lot of them are made of plastic and a way to help the environment by reducing the consumption of this material is changing it by cardboard. In addition, change the graphic design and make it more innovative, attractive and explanatory.Pérez Cerdá, MA. (2020). Rediseño del packaging y el diseño gráfico de los productos de higiene femenina. Universitat Politècnica de València. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/152738TFG
Susan E. Powers - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Dataset: Feminine Hygiene product lifecycle inventory and impact assessment.
Data in Brief, 2020Co-Authors: Amy Hait, Susan E. PowersAbstract:Abstract A life cycle assessment (LCA) of Feminine Hygiene products was completed with three samples considered representative of sanitary pads, tampons and menstrual cups. Gabi LCA software was used to organize inventory data with the ILCD (v.1.0.10) life cycle impact assessment method used to determine mid-point and normalized impact scores. Data from the ecoinvent database, and literature were used to complete the assessment. The dataset includes product details (mass and materials), life cycle inventory (LCI) data and life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) results for all mass and energy flows. Hait and Powers [1] used the data in a comparative LCA.
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The value of reusable Feminine Hygiene products evaluated by comparative environmental life cycle assessment
Resources Conservation and Recycling, 2019Co-Authors: Amy Hait, Susan E. PowersAbstract:Abstract New options for Feminine Hygiene products could greatly reduce solid waste impacts and have other environmental benefits. As a group of widely used but rarely examined consumer products, Feminine Hygiene products offer great potential for impact reduction if alternative products are used or conventional products improved. Through a comparative life cycle assessment (LCA) of three menstrual products: disposable tampons and sanitary pads, and reusable menstrual cups, this study details the mid-point impacts of each product. Data from the Ecoinvent database and literature were used to complete the assessment. Disposable tampons and sanitary pads had far greater impacts across each category than the re-useable menstrual cup. Between the two disposable options, sanitary pads were the most impactful product, though the quantitative differences between the two disposable products is within uncertainty associated with variable use habits among women. The use of wood pulp as a component of the absorbent material in sanitary pads has substantial benefit for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. However, that benefit is coupled with increased toxicity, mostly due to the potential for dioxin generation during bleaching. For tampons, removing the applicator from the product substantially reduced several of the impacts and generally made them a better choice than a sanitary pad. The impacts of the reusable menstrual cup used for one year were less than 1.5% the environmental impacts of the disposable products and approximately only 10% of the cost. Thereby clearly demonstrating the overall value of the reusable option in a class of highly used and important consumer products.
Miranda A. Farage - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a randomized prospective trial of the cutaneous and sensory effects of Feminine Hygiene wet wipes
Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey, 2009Co-Authors: Miranda A. Farage, Angela Stadler, Didier Chassard, Monique PelisseAbstract:Objective To assess the effects of Feminine Hygiene wet wipes on vulvar skin. Study design An examiner-blind, randomized, prospective clinical trial of prototype wet wipes (treatment group) and dry toilet tissue (comparison group) in 120 premenopausal and 60 postmenopausal women was conducted in which the wipes or toilet tissues were for approximately 28 consecutive days. Results Use of wet wipes in lieu of toilet tissue caused no significant impact on erythema of the external genitalia. Mean vulvar erythema scores after 28 days of product use were lower than baseline scores for both wipes and toilet tissue. In postmenopausal women, wet wipes were associated with increased labial and perineal skin moisture. A minority of premenopausal participants found skin wetness from wipes less appealing and sometimes associated with slight sensory irritation; however, wet wipes were favored for personal cleansing by postmenopausal women. Conclusion Four weeks of using wet wipes caused negligible clinical effects on vulvar skin irritation and appeared to contribute to skin moisture in postmenopausal women. This subgroup preferred using wet wipes, possibly due to the skin atrophy and dryness that accompany estrogen depletion. An opportunity exists to tailor the lotion level on the wipes m to the genital skin condition and preferences of younger and older Women.
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A behind-the-scenes look at the safety assessment of Feminine Hygiene pads.
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2006Co-Authors: Miranda A. FarageAbstract:Forms of menstrual protection have evolved with time. Today's disposable Feminine Hygiene products, notably sanitary pads, include a wide range of designs and features to meet women's needs for reliable, discreet, and comfortable protection. Manufacturers support substantive research and testing programs to ensure the safety of these products. The premarket safety assessment of Feminine Hygiene pads is a systematic, stepwise process that includes toxicological evaluation of the raw materials, the conduct of prospective, controlled clinical trials to assess product safety-in-use, and, in some cases, independent scientific review. A broad clinical database, developed over the past 20 years, substantiates that modern, Feminine Hygiene pads are not associated with significant gynecological, dermatological, or microbiological effects. Postmarket surveillance provides reassurance that the products are acceptable to consumers worldwide.
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cutaneous and sensory effects of Feminine Hygiene pads among women with recent genital infection
Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology, 2006Co-Authors: Miranda A. Farage, Sandy Meyer, Alexandra Katsarou, Philip Bowtell, Aikaterini Deliveliotou, George CreatsasAbstract:We compared the skin compatibility of two menstrual pad technologies in a single-center, parallel, randomized, examiner-blinded study involving adult women. This report presents the results of a subset of 10 participants who had a genital infection within 12 months prior to the start of the study. In a blinded fashion, participants were randomized to receive one of the two pads for use over two menstrual periods. Participants' skin erythema was graded 24-48 hours following cessation of menstrual flow and on day 14 of each menstrual cycle. Participants subjectively reported any sensory effects. Vulvar erythema scores for the mons pubis, labia majora, labia minora, perineum, buttocks, left medial thigh, and right medial thigh assessed after both menstrual cycles were not statistically different between groups or between the two different products. A low incidence of itching and burning occurred in both groups without statistical significance; none of the participants experienced a recurrent or new genital infection. These preliminary results show that participants with recent genital infections included in clinical studies do not exhibit greater vulvar erythema or sensory effects than participants without recent genital infection. The study showed that the safety profile of the products tested remained acceptable in women with recent genital infection.
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new surface covering for Feminine Hygiene pads dermatological testing
Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology, 2005Co-Authors: Miranda A. Farage, Angela Stadler, Peter Elsner, George Creatsas, Howard I MaibachAbstract:The skin compatibility of a new surface covering for Feminine Hygiene pads was assessed by 1) skin irritation patch tests, 2) the Human Repeat Insult Patch Test, and 3) a test protocol for assessin...
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Evaluation of modifications of the traditional patch test in assessing the chemical irritation potential of Feminine Hygiene products
Skin Research and Technology, 2004Co-Authors: Miranda A. Farage, Sandy Meyer, Dave WalterAbstract:Background/aims: The first main objective of the work presented in this paper was to investigate ways of optimizing the current arm patch test protocol by (1) increasing the sensitivity of the test in order to evaluate more effectively the products that are inherently non-irritating, and/or (2) reducing the costs of these types of studies by shortening the protocol. The second main objective was to use the results of these studies and the results of the parallel studies conducted using the behind-the-knee method to better understand the contribution of mechanical irritation to the skin effects produced by these types of products. In addition, we were interested in continuing the evaluation of sensory effects and their relationship to objective measures of irritation. Methods: Test materials were prepared from three, currently marketed Feminine protection pads. Wet and dry samples were applied to the upper arm using the standard 24-h patch test. Applications were repeated daily for 4 consecutive days. The test sites were scored for irritation prior to the first patch application, and 30–60 min after removal of each patch. Some test sites were treated by tape stripping the skin prior to the initial patch application. In addition, in one experiment, panelists were asked to keep a daily diary describing any sensory skin effects they noticed at each test site. Results: All protocol variations ([intact skin/dry samples], [compromised skin/dry samples], [intact skin/wet samples], and [compromised skin/wet samples]) gave similar results for the products tested. When compared to the behind-the-knee test method, the standard upper arm patch test gave consistently lower levels of irritation when the test sites were scored shortly after patch removal, even though the sample application was longer (24 vs. 6 h) in the standard patch test. The higher level of irritation in the behind-the-knee method was likely due to mechanical irritation. The sensory skin effects did not appear to be related to a particular test product or a particular protocol variation. However, the mean irritation scores at those sites where a sensory effect was reported were higher than the mean irritation scores at those sites were no sensory effects were reported. Conclusions: • All four protocol variations of the standard upper arm patch test can be used to assess the inherent chemical irritant properties of Feminine protection products. • For these products, which are inherently non-irritating, tape stripping and/or applying wet samples does not increase the sensitivity of the patch test method. • Differences in irritation potential were apparent after one to three 24-h applications. Therefore, the standard patch test protocol can be shortened to three applications without compromising our ability to detect differences in the chemical irritation produced by the test materials. • The patch test can be used to evaluate effectively the inherent chemical irritation potential of these types of products. However, this method is not suitable for testing the mechanical irritation due to friction that occurs during product use. • There is no relationship between specific test conditions, i.e., compromised skin and/or testing wet samples and reports of perceived sensory reactions. • However, there seems to be a clear relationship between sensory reactions and objective irritation scores.
Kurunthachalam Kannan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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phthalates bisphenols parabens and triclocarban in Feminine Hygiene products from the united states and their implications for human exposure
Environment International, 2020Co-Authors: Kurunthachalam KannanAbstract:Abstract Feminine Hygiene products, a category of daily necessities, can be a source of exposure to plasticizers and antimicrobial agents in women. Nevertheless, studies on the occurrence of chemicals in Feminine Hygiene products have received little attention. In this study, 24 endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), comprising nine phthalates, six parabens, eight bisphenols, and triclocarban (TCC) were measured in seven categories of Feminine Hygiene products (i.e., pads, panty liners, tampons, wipes, bactericidal creams and solutions, and deodorant sprays and powders; N = 77) collected in the Albany area of New York State in the United States. Dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), di-iso-butyl phthalate (DIBP), di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), methyl paraben (MeP), and ethyl paraben (EtP) were found in all pad, panty liner, and tampon samples. Panty liners contained the highest concentrations of DMP (median: 249 ng/g), DEP (386 ng/g), DBP (393 ng/g), and DIBP (299 ng/g) and tampons contained the highest concentrations of DEHP (267 ng/g). MeP, EtP, and propyl paraben (PrP) were the major parabens found in Feminine Hygiene products. Bactericidal creams and solutions contained median concentrations of MeP, EtP and PrP at 2840, 734, and 278 ng/g, respectively. The estimated exposure doses of phthalates, parabens, and bisphenols through the dermal absorption pathway from the use of pads, panty liners, and tampons were significant. In comparison with the exposure doses reported previously from other sources and pathways, the significance of Feminine Hygiene products as sources of EDC exposure was delineated. The dermal absorption doses from the use of Feminine Hygiene products, under different exposure scenarios, were 0.19–27.9% and 0.01–6.2% of the total exposure doses of phthalates and bisphenols, respectively. This is the first study to report the occurrence of phthalates, parabens, bisphenols, and TCC in Feminine Hygiene products from the United States.
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Feminine Hygiene Products-A Neglected Source of Phthalate Exposure in Women.
Environmental Science & Technology, 2019Co-Authors: Chong-jing Gao, Kurunthachalam Kannan, Fei Wang, Hui-min Shen, Ying GuoAbstract:Phthalates have been associated with reproductive toxicity and precocious puberty in females, but the occurrence of these toxicants in Feminine Hygiene products is rarely reported. In this study, e...
Shaughn O'brien - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Menstrual blood loss measurement: validation of the alkaline hematin technique for Feminine Hygiene products containing superabsorbent polymers
Fertility and Sterility, 2010Co-Authors: Julia L. Magnay, Tracy Nevatte, Vandana Dhingra, Shaughn O'brienAbstract:Objective To validate the alkaline hematin technique for measurement of menstrual blood loss using ultra-thin sanitary towels that contain superabsorbent polymer granules as the absorptive agent. Design Laboratory study using simulated menstrual fluid (SMF) and Always Ultra Normal, Long, and Night "with wings" sanitary towels. Setting Keele Menstrual Disorders Laboratory. Patient(s) None. Intervention(s) None. Main Outcome Measure(s) Recovery of blood, linearity, and interassay variation over a range of SMF volumes applied to towels. Because of the variable percentage of blood in menstrual fluid, blood recovery was assessed from SMF constituted as 10%, 25%, 50%, and 100% blood. The lower limit of reliable detection and the effect of storing soiled towels for up to 4 weeks at 15°C–20°C, 4°C, and −20°C before analysis were determined. Result(s) Ninety percent recovery was reproducibly achieved up to 30 mL applied volume at all tested SMF compositions, except at low volume or high dilution equivalent to Conclusion(s) The alkaline hematin technique is a suitable and validated method for measuring menstrual blood loss from Always Ultra sanitary towels that contain superabsorbent polymers.
