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Behnaz Saboori - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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panel estimation for renewable and non renewable Energy consumption economic growth co2 emissions the composite trade intensity and financial openness of the commonwealth of independent states
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2018Co-Authors: Ehsan Rasoulinezhad, Behnaz SabooriAbstract:This article investigates the long-run and causal linkages between economic growth, CO2 emissions, renewable and non-renewable (Fossil Fuels) Energy consumption, the Composite Trade Intensity (CTI) as a proxy for trade openness, and the Chinn-Ito index as a proxy for financial openness for a panel of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) region including Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan over the period of 1992-2015. It is the first time that CTI and the Chinn-Ito indexes are used in an economic-pollution model. Employing three panel unit root tests, panel cointegration estimation methods (DOLS and FMOLS), and two panel causality tests, the main empirical results provided evidence for the bidirectional long-run relationship between all the variables in all 12 sampled countries except for economic growth-renewable Energy use linkage. The findings of causality tests indicated that there is a unidirectional short-run panel causality running from economic growth, financial openness, and trade openness to CO2 emissions and from Fossil Fuel Energy consumption to renewable Energy use.
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panel estimation for renewable and non renewable Energy consumption economic growth co 2 emissions the composite trade intensity and financial openness of the commonwealth of independent states
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2018Co-Authors: Ehsan Rasoulinezhad, Behnaz SabooriAbstract:This article investigates the long-run and causal linkages between economic growth, CO2 emissions, renewable and non-renewable (Fossil Fuels) Energy consumption, the Composite Trade Intensity (CTI) as a proxy for trade openness, and the Chinn-Ito index as a proxy for financial openness for a panel of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) region including Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan over the period of 1992-2015. It is the first time that CTI and the Chinn-Ito indexes are used in an economic-pollution model. Employing three panel unit root tests, panel cointegration estimation methods (DOLS and FMOLS), and two panel causality tests, the main empirical results provided evidence for the bidirectional long-run relationship between all the variables in all 12 sampled countries except for economic growth-renewable Energy use linkage. The findings of causality tests indicated that there is a unidirectional short-run panel causality running from economic growth, financial openness, and trade openness to CO2 emissions and from Fossil Fuel Energy consumption to renewable Energy use.
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investigating the environmental kuznets curve hypothesis in vietnam
Energy Policy, 2015Co-Authors: Usama Almulali, Behnaz Saboori, Ilhan OzturkAbstract:This study investigates the existence of the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis in Vietnam during the period 1981–2011. To realize the goals of this study, a pollution model was established applying the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) methodology. The results revealed that the pollution haven hypothesis does exist in Vietnam because capital increases pollution. In addition, imports also increase pollution which indicates that most of Vietnam's imported products are Energy intensive and highly polluted. However, exports have no effect on pollution which indicates that the level of exports is not significant enough to affect pollution. Moreover, Fossil Fuel Energy consumption increases pollution while renewable Energy consumption has no significant effect in reducing pollution. Furthermore, labor force reduces pollution since most of Vietnam's labor force is in the agricultural and services sectors which are less Energy intensive than the industrial sector. Based on the obtained results, the EKC hypothesis does not exist because the relationship between GDP and pollution is positive in both the short and long run.
Takuzo Aida - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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high water content mouldable hydrogels by mixing clay and a dendritic molecular binder
Nature, 2010Co-Authors: Qigang Wang, Justin L Mynar, Masaru Yoshida, Kou Okuro, Kazushi Kinbara, Takuzo AidaAbstract:Hydrogels are mouldable polymeric materials made mostly of water, used for example as cell tissue cultures and in prosthetics. Hydrogels held together by non-covalent interactions usually have poor mechanical properties, whereas the rather stronger covalently bonded hydrogels cannot self-heal if cut and tend to be brittle. The idea that water-based hydrogels might be developed as environmentally friendly substitutes for conventional petroleum-based plastics in some applications, bringing novel properties with them, comes a little closer with the development of a supramolecular (non-covalent) hydrogel that is a solid thanks to the presence of small quantities of non-water ligands — 3% clay and tiny amounts of an organic binder. This new gel is capable of self-healing, is exceptionally resilient and can be moulded into free-standing shapes that can also be fused together to form more complex architectures. In the search to reduce our dependency on Fossil-Fuel Energy, new plastic materials that are less dependent on petroleum are being developed, with water-based gels — hydrogels — representing one possible solution. Here, a mixture of water, 3% clay and a tiny amount of a special organic binder is shown to form a transparent hydrogel that can be moulded into shape-persistent, free-standing objects and that rapidly and completely self-heals when damaged. With the world’s focus on reducing our dependency on Fossil-Fuel Energy, the scientific community can investigate new plastic materials that are much less dependent on petroleum than are conventional plastics. Given increasing environmental issues, the idea of replacing plastics with water-based gels, so-called hydrogels, seems reasonable. Here we report that water and clay (2–3 per cent by mass), when mixed with a very small proportion (<0.4 per cent by mass) of organic components, quickly form a transparent hydrogel. This material can be moulded into shape-persistent, free-standing objects owing to its exceptionally great mechanical strength, and rapidly and completely self-heals when damaged. Furthermore, it preserves biologically active proteins for catalysis. So far1 no other hydrogels, including conventional ones formed by mixing polymeric cations and anions2,3 or polysaccharides and borax4, have been reported to possess all these features. Notably, this material is formed only by non-covalent forces resulting from the specific design of a telechelic dendritic macromolecule with multiple adhesive termini for binding to clay.
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high water content mouldable hydrogels by mixing clay and a dendritic molecular binder
Nature, 2010Co-Authors: Qigang Wang, Justin L Mynar, Masaru Yoshida, Kou Okuro, Kazushi Kinbara, Eunji Lee, Myongsoo Lee, Takuzo AidaAbstract:With the world's focus on reducing our dependency on Fossil-Fuel Energy, the scientific community can investigate new plastic materials that are much less dependent on petroleum than are conventional plastics. Given increasing environmental issues, the idea of replacing plastics with water-based gels, so-called hydrogels, seems reasonable. Here we report that water and clay (2-3 per cent by mass), when mixed with a very small proportion (<0.4 per cent by mass) of organic components, quickly form a transparent hydrogel. This material can be moulded into shape-persistent, free-standing objects owing to its exceptionally great mechanical strength, and rapidly and completely self-heals when damaged. Furthermore, it preserves biologically active proteins for catalysis. So far no other hydrogels, including conventional ones formed by mixing polymeric cations and anions or polysaccharides and borax, have been reported to possess all these features. Notably, this material is formed only by non-covalent forces resulting from the specific design of a telechelic dendritic macromolecule with multiple adhesive termini for binding to clay.
Brototi Roy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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india s new coal geography coastal transformations imported Fuel and state business collaboration in the transition to more Fossil Fuel Energy
Energy research and social science, 2021Co-Authors: Patrik Oskarsson, Kenneth Bo Nielsen, Kuntala Lahiridutt, Brototi RoyAbstract:Abstract The advance of renewable Energy around the world has kindled hopes that coal-based Energy is on the way out. Recent data, however, make it clear that growing coal consumption in India coupled with its continued use in China keeps coal-based Energy at 40 percent of the world’s heat and power generation. To address the consolidation of coal-based power in India, this article analyses an Energy transition to, rather than away from, carbon-intensive Energy over the past two decades. We term this transition India’s new coal geography; the new coal geography comprises new ports and thermal power plants run by private-sector actors along the coastline and Fuelled by imported coal. This geography runs parallel to, yet is distinct from, India’s ‘old’ coal geography, which was based on domestic public-sector coal mining and thermal power generation. We understand the development of coastal thermal power as an outcome of long-term electrical Energy shortages and significant public controversy within the old coal geography. By analysing the making of the new coal geography at a national level, and scrutinizing its localised manifestation and impact through a case study of Goa state, we outline the significant infrastructural investment and policy work of a dispersed network of public- and private-sector actors that slowly enabled this new coal Energy avatar. We argue that the enormous effort to establish India’s new coal geography further entrenches the country’s reliance on coal. The result is that for India, Energy security is a choice between domestic and imported coal.
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India’s new coal geography: Coastal transformations, imported Fuel and state-business collaboration in the transition to more Fossil Fuel Energy
Energy Research & Social Science, 2021Co-Authors: Patrik Oskarsson, Kenneth Bo Nielsen, Kuntala Lahiri-dutt, Brototi RoyAbstract:Abstract The advance of renewable Energy around the world has kindled hopes that coal-based Energy is on the way out. Recent data, however, make it clear that growing coal consumption in India coupled with its continued use in China keeps coal-based Energy at 40 percent of the world’s heat and power generation. To address the consolidation of coal-based power in India, this article analyses an Energy transition to, rather than away from, carbon-intensive Energy over the past two decades. We term this transition India’s new coal geography; the new coal geography comprises new ports and thermal power plants run by private-sector actors along the coastline and Fuelled by imported coal. This geography runs parallel to, yet is distinct from, India’s ‘old’ coal geography, which was based on domestic public-sector coal mining and thermal power generation. We understand the development of coastal thermal power as an outcome of long-term electrical Energy shortages and significant public controversy within the old coal geography. By analysing the making of the new coal geography at a national level, and scrutinizing its localised manifestation and impact through a case study of Goa state, we outline the significant infrastructural investment and policy work of a dispersed network of public- and private-sector actors that slowly enabled this new coal Energy avatar. We argue that the enormous effort to establish India’s new coal geography further entrenches the country’s reliance on coal. The result is that for India, Energy security is a choice between domestic and imported coal.
Qigang Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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high water content mouldable hydrogels by mixing clay and a dendritic molecular binder
Nature, 2010Co-Authors: Qigang Wang, Justin L Mynar, Masaru Yoshida, Kou Okuro, Kazushi Kinbara, Takuzo AidaAbstract:Hydrogels are mouldable polymeric materials made mostly of water, used for example as cell tissue cultures and in prosthetics. Hydrogels held together by non-covalent interactions usually have poor mechanical properties, whereas the rather stronger covalently bonded hydrogels cannot self-heal if cut and tend to be brittle. The idea that water-based hydrogels might be developed as environmentally friendly substitutes for conventional petroleum-based plastics in some applications, bringing novel properties with them, comes a little closer with the development of a supramolecular (non-covalent) hydrogel that is a solid thanks to the presence of small quantities of non-water ligands — 3% clay and tiny amounts of an organic binder. This new gel is capable of self-healing, is exceptionally resilient and can be moulded into free-standing shapes that can also be fused together to form more complex architectures. In the search to reduce our dependency on Fossil-Fuel Energy, new plastic materials that are less dependent on petroleum are being developed, with water-based gels — hydrogels — representing one possible solution. Here, a mixture of water, 3% clay and a tiny amount of a special organic binder is shown to form a transparent hydrogel that can be moulded into shape-persistent, free-standing objects and that rapidly and completely self-heals when damaged. With the world’s focus on reducing our dependency on Fossil-Fuel Energy, the scientific community can investigate new plastic materials that are much less dependent on petroleum than are conventional plastics. Given increasing environmental issues, the idea of replacing plastics with water-based gels, so-called hydrogels, seems reasonable. Here we report that water and clay (2–3 per cent by mass), when mixed with a very small proportion (<0.4 per cent by mass) of organic components, quickly form a transparent hydrogel. This material can be moulded into shape-persistent, free-standing objects owing to its exceptionally great mechanical strength, and rapidly and completely self-heals when damaged. Furthermore, it preserves biologically active proteins for catalysis. So far1 no other hydrogels, including conventional ones formed by mixing polymeric cations and anions2,3 or polysaccharides and borax4, have been reported to possess all these features. Notably, this material is formed only by non-covalent forces resulting from the specific design of a telechelic dendritic macromolecule with multiple adhesive termini for binding to clay.
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high water content mouldable hydrogels by mixing clay and a dendritic molecular binder
Nature, 2010Co-Authors: Qigang Wang, Justin L Mynar, Masaru Yoshida, Kou Okuro, Kazushi Kinbara, Eunji Lee, Myongsoo Lee, Takuzo AidaAbstract:With the world's focus on reducing our dependency on Fossil-Fuel Energy, the scientific community can investigate new plastic materials that are much less dependent on petroleum than are conventional plastics. Given increasing environmental issues, the idea of replacing plastics with water-based gels, so-called hydrogels, seems reasonable. Here we report that water and clay (2-3 per cent by mass), when mixed with a very small proportion (<0.4 per cent by mass) of organic components, quickly form a transparent hydrogel. This material can be moulded into shape-persistent, free-standing objects owing to its exceptionally great mechanical strength, and rapidly and completely self-heals when damaged. Furthermore, it preserves biologically active proteins for catalysis. So far no other hydrogels, including conventional ones formed by mixing polymeric cations and anions or polysaccharides and borax, have been reported to possess all these features. Notably, this material is formed only by non-covalent forces resulting from the specific design of a telechelic dendritic macromolecule with multiple adhesive termini for binding to clay.
Ilhan Ozturk - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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asymmetric investigation to track the effect of urbanization Energy utilization Fossil Fuel Energy and co2 emission on economic efficiency in china another outlook
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2021Co-Authors: Abdul Rehman, Muhammad Zubair Chishti, Ilhan Ozturk, Muhammad Irfan, Munir AhmadAbstract:The accelerated urbanization in China was already coupled with a steadily increasing demand for Energy usage. The present study major aim was to determine the asymmetric influence of urbanization, Energy utilization, Fossil Fuel Energy and CO2 emission on economic progress in China by using an annual time series data varies from 1975 to 2017. Stationarity amid variables was verified by applying the unit root tests, while non-linear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) bounds testing model was used to examine the asymmetric impacts on variables with short- and long-run dynamics. Outcomes revealed that via short-run estimates, the negative shocks of Energy usage cause significantly to increase the economic efficiency, but positive shocks of Energy utilization display the adverse linkage with the economic progress. Similarly, the negative shocks of GDP per capita growth demonstrate a substantial upsurge in the economic progress, and the positive shocks establish the adverse influence towards economic growth. Further, the outcomes of short-run dynamics also exposed the negative shocks of urbanization significantly affected the economic growth, but positive shocks exposed the adversative influence on economic growth. The outcomes display that Fossil Fuel Energy consumption showed a constructive impact to economic progress, and additionally, the variable CO2 emission also uncovered a positive shocks having significant impact on economic progress. Furthermore, the outcomes of long-run analysis express that Energy utilization has negative and positive shocks that expose the adverse influence on economic progress of China. GDP per capita growth exposed the constructive influence on the economic growth in both shocks. The negative and positive shocks of urbanization demonstrate a noteworthy influence on economic growth. The variable Fossil Fuel Energy consumption also exposed an optimistic influence on economic progress, and finally the influence of CO2 emission on economic growth is insignificant as the results exposed. The reducing carbon alteration target aims to be reached for China, and in the next several decades, it will encourage the green Energy options in order to decrease carbon dioxide emission to avoid environmental pollution by raising its Energy intensity.
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investigating the presence of the environmental kuznets curve ekc hypothesis in kenya an autoregressive distributed lag ardl approach
Natural Hazards, 2016Co-Authors: Usama Almulali, Sakiru Adebola Solarin, Ilhan OzturkAbstract:This study investigates the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis in Kenya using the time period of 1980–2012. To achieve the objective of this study, the ARDL approach was utilized. To prevent any estimation errors and unreliability in the model, the Narayan and Narayan (Energy Policy 38:661–666, 2010) approach was used to control the multicollinearity problems in the regression. The outcome of this research revealed that Fossil Fuel Energy consumption, GDP, urbanization, and trade openness increase air pollution mutually in the long run and short run. However, renewable Energy consumption mitigates air pollution in the long run and the short run. Moreover, financial development also reduces air pollution, but only in the long run. Based on the results, the EKC hypothesis does exist in Kenya. From the findings of this research, few policy recommendations were provided to help Kenya for reducing its air pollution levels.
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investigating the environmental kuznets curve hypothesis in vietnam
Energy Policy, 2015Co-Authors: Usama Almulali, Behnaz Saboori, Ilhan OzturkAbstract:This study investigates the existence of the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis in Vietnam during the period 1981–2011. To realize the goals of this study, a pollution model was established applying the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) methodology. The results revealed that the pollution haven hypothesis does exist in Vietnam because capital increases pollution. In addition, imports also increase pollution which indicates that most of Vietnam's imported products are Energy intensive and highly polluted. However, exports have no effect on pollution which indicates that the level of exports is not significant enough to affect pollution. Moreover, Fossil Fuel Energy consumption increases pollution while renewable Energy consumption has no significant effect in reducing pollution. Furthermore, labor force reduces pollution since most of Vietnam's labor force is in the agricultural and services sectors which are less Energy intensive than the industrial sector. Based on the obtained results, the EKC hypothesis does not exist because the relationship between GDP and pollution is positive in both the short and long run.