Fraxinus excelsior

14,000,000 Leading Edge Experts on the ideXlab platform

Scan Science and Technology

Contact Leading Edge Experts & Companies

Scan Science and Technology

Contact Leading Edge Experts & Companies

The Experts below are selected from a list of 6840 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Gerard Marigo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • comparative studies of the water relations and the hydraulic characteristics in Fraxinus excelsior acer pseudoplatanus and a opalus trees under soil water contrasted conditions
    Annals of Forest Science, 2001
    Co-Authors: Damien Lemoine, Jeanpaul Peltier, Gerard Marigo
    Abstract:

    Plant water relationships and hydraulic characteristics were measured for two species of the genus Acer that co-occur with Fraxinus excelsior, but differ in their habitat preference with respect to soil moisture: Acer pseudoplatanusis restricted to wet habitats, whereas Acer opalusoccurs on drier sites. The data obtained showed significantly lower hydraulic conductance and lower vulnerability to embolism in the drought-tolerant species, Acer opalus, than in the water prefering species Acer pseudoplatanus. Similar differences in hydraulic conductance and xylem vulnerability to embolism were also found under dry acclimated conditions for Fraxinus excelsior trees, indicating that the hydraulic differences observed might be attributable to the contrasting soil water conditions of the sites. The possible physiological and ecological significance of such differences are discussed, in relation to habitat preference and the distribution of each species. hydraulic conductance / xylem embolism / drought tolerance / Acer pseudoplatanus / Acer opalus / Fraxinus excelsior

  • Comparative studies of the water relations and the hydraulic characteristics in Fraxinus excelsior, Acer pseudoplatanus and A. opalus trees under soil water contrasted conditions
    Annals of Forest Science, 2001
    Co-Authors: Damien Lemoine, Jeanpaul Peltier, Gerard Marigo
    Abstract:

    Plant water relationships and hydraulic characteristics were measured for two species of the genus Acer that co-occur with Fraxinus excelsior, but differ in their habitat preference with respect to soil moisture: Acer pseudoplatanus is restricted to wet habitats, whereas Acer opalus occurs on drier sites. The data obtained showed significantly lower hydraulic conductance and lower vulnerability to embolism in the drought-tolerant species, Acer opalus, than in the water prefering species Acer pseudoplatanus. Similar differences in hydraulic conductance and xylem vulnerability to embolism were also found under dry acclimated conditions for Fraxinus excelsior trees, indicating that the hydraulic differences observed might be attributable to the contrasting soil water conditions of the sites. The possible physiological and ecological significance of such differences are discussed, in relation to habitat preference and the distribution of each species.

  • Success in the demographic expansion of Fraxinus excelsior L.
    Trees, 2000
    Co-Authors: Gerard Marigo, Jeanpaul Peltier, Jacky Girel, Guy Pautou
    Abstract:

    This review examines the ecological traits and ecophysiological characteristics of the common ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) that help to explain the current spread of ash communities in Europe. As a consequence of anthropogenic disturbance, the common ash has experienced new environmental conditions and the frequency of the species has fluctuated over space and time. Owing to its ubiquity, over the last few decades the common ash has been greatly favoured in areas abandoned by agriculture and also along impounded rivers. F. excelsior is a mesophilic species that usually thrives on alluvial soils and can also survive the strong water deficit on hillslopes. Drought tolerance in ash trees is related to stomatal regulation, a decrease in osmotic potential and also an increase in the elastic modulus e. Malic acid plays a central role in drought tolerance, first as one of the major solutes involved in osmotic adjustment, and second as an effector for stomatal regulation through a drought-induced increase in its xylem concentration.

  • Success in the demographic expansion of Fraxinus excelsior L.
    Trees, 2000
    Co-Authors: Gerard Marigo, Jeanpaul Peltier, Jacky Girel, Guy Pautou
    Abstract:

    This review examines the ecological traits and ecophysiological characteristics of the common ash ( Fraxinus excelsior L.) that help to explain the current spread of ash communities in Europe. As a consequence of anthropogenic disturbance, the common ash has experienced new environmental conditions and the frequency of the species has fluctuated over space and time. Owing to its ubiquity, over the last few decades the common ash has been greatly favoured in areas abandoned by agriculture and also along impounded rivers. F. excelsior is a mesophilic species that usually thrives on alluvial soils and can also survive the strong water deficit on hillslopes. Drought tolerance in ash trees is related to stomatal regulation, a decrease in osmotic potential and also an increase in the elastic modulus ε. Malic acid plays a central role in drought tolerance, first as one of the major solutes involved in osmotic adjustment, and second as an effector for stomatal regulation through a drought-induced increase in its xylem concentration.

  • Osmotic adjustment in Fraxinus excelsior L . : malate and mannitol accumulation in leaves under drought conditions
    Trees, 1997
    Co-Authors: P. Guicherd, Jeanpaul Peltier, E. Gout, Richard Bligny, Gerard Marigo
    Abstract:

    In leaves of Fraxinus excelsior L., malate and mannitol were characterized by 13C NMR spectroscopy and enzymatic specific assays as the major constituents of a soluble carbon fraction involved in an osmotic adjustment. During a summer drought where predawn leaf water potential of adult trees growing in a mesoxerophilic stand fell to – 4 MPa in August, malate and mannitol leaf contents increased by a factor of 1.8 and 2.2 respectively, compared to control trees growing on a flood plain. This drought stress led to concentrations as high as 280 mM and 600 mM for mannitol and malate, respectively. The effects of gradually developing water deficit were also studied in a semi-controlled environment in 3-year-old seedlings. When predawn leaf water potential reached -6 MPa, leaves displayed a low turgor pressure but stomatal conductance was still measurable. Malate and mannitol were also the main osmoticum involved. After rewatering, gas exchange capacities were largely restored. Altogether, these results show that the strong water-stress tolerance of Fraxinus excelsior is in part related to an accumulation of malate and mannitol.

Damien Lemoine - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • comparative studies of the water relations and the hydraulic characteristics in Fraxinus excelsior acer pseudoplatanus and a opalus trees under soil water contrasted conditions
    Annals of Forest Science, 2001
    Co-Authors: Damien Lemoine, Jeanpaul Peltier, Gerard Marigo
    Abstract:

    Plant water relationships and hydraulic characteristics were measured for two species of the genus Acer that co-occur with Fraxinus excelsior, but differ in their habitat preference with respect to soil moisture: Acer pseudoplatanusis restricted to wet habitats, whereas Acer opalusoccurs on drier sites. The data obtained showed significantly lower hydraulic conductance and lower vulnerability to embolism in the drought-tolerant species, Acer opalus, than in the water prefering species Acer pseudoplatanus. Similar differences in hydraulic conductance and xylem vulnerability to embolism were also found under dry acclimated conditions for Fraxinus excelsior trees, indicating that the hydraulic differences observed might be attributable to the contrasting soil water conditions of the sites. The possible physiological and ecological significance of such differences are discussed, in relation to habitat preference and the distribution of each species. hydraulic conductance / xylem embolism / drought tolerance / Acer pseudoplatanus / Acer opalus / Fraxinus excelsior

  • Comparative studies of the water relations and the hydraulic characteristics in Fraxinus excelsior, Acer pseudoplatanus and A. opalus trees under soil water contrasted conditions
    Annals of Forest Science, 2001
    Co-Authors: Damien Lemoine, Jeanpaul Peltier, Gerard Marigo
    Abstract:

    Plant water relationships and hydraulic characteristics were measured for two species of the genus Acer that co-occur with Fraxinus excelsior, but differ in their habitat preference with respect to soil moisture: Acer pseudoplatanus is restricted to wet habitats, whereas Acer opalus occurs on drier sites. The data obtained showed significantly lower hydraulic conductance and lower vulnerability to embolism in the drought-tolerant species, Acer opalus, than in the water prefering species Acer pseudoplatanus. Similar differences in hydraulic conductance and xylem vulnerability to embolism were also found under dry acclimated conditions for Fraxinus excelsior trees, indicating that the hydraulic differences observed might be attributable to the contrasting soil water conditions of the sites. The possible physiological and ecological significance of such differences are discussed, in relation to habitat preference and the distribution of each species.

Jeanpaul Peltier - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • comparative studies of the water relations and the hydraulic characteristics in Fraxinus excelsior acer pseudoplatanus and a opalus trees under soil water contrasted conditions
    Annals of Forest Science, 2001
    Co-Authors: Damien Lemoine, Jeanpaul Peltier, Gerard Marigo
    Abstract:

    Plant water relationships and hydraulic characteristics were measured for two species of the genus Acer that co-occur with Fraxinus excelsior, but differ in their habitat preference with respect to soil moisture: Acer pseudoplatanusis restricted to wet habitats, whereas Acer opalusoccurs on drier sites. The data obtained showed significantly lower hydraulic conductance and lower vulnerability to embolism in the drought-tolerant species, Acer opalus, than in the water prefering species Acer pseudoplatanus. Similar differences in hydraulic conductance and xylem vulnerability to embolism were also found under dry acclimated conditions for Fraxinus excelsior trees, indicating that the hydraulic differences observed might be attributable to the contrasting soil water conditions of the sites. The possible physiological and ecological significance of such differences are discussed, in relation to habitat preference and the distribution of each species. hydraulic conductance / xylem embolism / drought tolerance / Acer pseudoplatanus / Acer opalus / Fraxinus excelsior

  • Comparative studies of the water relations and the hydraulic characteristics in Fraxinus excelsior, Acer pseudoplatanus and A. opalus trees under soil water contrasted conditions
    Annals of Forest Science, 2001
    Co-Authors: Damien Lemoine, Jeanpaul Peltier, Gerard Marigo
    Abstract:

    Plant water relationships and hydraulic characteristics were measured for two species of the genus Acer that co-occur with Fraxinus excelsior, but differ in their habitat preference with respect to soil moisture: Acer pseudoplatanus is restricted to wet habitats, whereas Acer opalus occurs on drier sites. The data obtained showed significantly lower hydraulic conductance and lower vulnerability to embolism in the drought-tolerant species, Acer opalus, than in the water prefering species Acer pseudoplatanus. Similar differences in hydraulic conductance and xylem vulnerability to embolism were also found under dry acclimated conditions for Fraxinus excelsior trees, indicating that the hydraulic differences observed might be attributable to the contrasting soil water conditions of the sites. The possible physiological and ecological significance of such differences are discussed, in relation to habitat preference and the distribution of each species.

  • Success in the demographic expansion of Fraxinus excelsior L.
    Trees, 2000
    Co-Authors: Gerard Marigo, Jeanpaul Peltier, Jacky Girel, Guy Pautou
    Abstract:

    This review examines the ecological traits and ecophysiological characteristics of the common ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) that help to explain the current spread of ash communities in Europe. As a consequence of anthropogenic disturbance, the common ash has experienced new environmental conditions and the frequency of the species has fluctuated over space and time. Owing to its ubiquity, over the last few decades the common ash has been greatly favoured in areas abandoned by agriculture and also along impounded rivers. F. excelsior is a mesophilic species that usually thrives on alluvial soils and can also survive the strong water deficit on hillslopes. Drought tolerance in ash trees is related to stomatal regulation, a decrease in osmotic potential and also an increase in the elastic modulus e. Malic acid plays a central role in drought tolerance, first as one of the major solutes involved in osmotic adjustment, and second as an effector for stomatal regulation through a drought-induced increase in its xylem concentration.

  • Success in the demographic expansion of Fraxinus excelsior L.
    Trees, 2000
    Co-Authors: Gerard Marigo, Jeanpaul Peltier, Jacky Girel, Guy Pautou
    Abstract:

    This review examines the ecological traits and ecophysiological characteristics of the common ash ( Fraxinus excelsior L.) that help to explain the current spread of ash communities in Europe. As a consequence of anthropogenic disturbance, the common ash has experienced new environmental conditions and the frequency of the species has fluctuated over space and time. Owing to its ubiquity, over the last few decades the common ash has been greatly favoured in areas abandoned by agriculture and also along impounded rivers. F. excelsior is a mesophilic species that usually thrives on alluvial soils and can also survive the strong water deficit on hillslopes. Drought tolerance in ash trees is related to stomatal regulation, a decrease in osmotic potential and also an increase in the elastic modulus ε. Malic acid plays a central role in drought tolerance, first as one of the major solutes involved in osmotic adjustment, and second as an effector for stomatal regulation through a drought-induced increase in its xylem concentration.

  • Osmotic adjustment in Fraxinus excelsior L . : malate and mannitol accumulation in leaves under drought conditions
    Trees, 1997
    Co-Authors: P. Guicherd, Jeanpaul Peltier, E. Gout, Richard Bligny, Gerard Marigo
    Abstract:

    In leaves of Fraxinus excelsior L., malate and mannitol were characterized by 13C NMR spectroscopy and enzymatic specific assays as the major constituents of a soluble carbon fraction involved in an osmotic adjustment. During a summer drought where predawn leaf water potential of adult trees growing in a mesoxerophilic stand fell to – 4 MPa in August, malate and mannitol leaf contents increased by a factor of 1.8 and 2.2 respectively, compared to control trees growing on a flood plain. This drought stress led to concentrations as high as 280 mM and 600 mM for mannitol and malate, respectively. The effects of gradually developing water deficit were also studied in a semi-controlled environment in 3-year-old seedlings. When predawn leaf water potential reached -6 MPa, leaves displayed a low turgor pressure but stomatal conductance was still measurable. Malate and mannitol were also the main osmoticum involved. After rewatering, gas exchange capacities were largely restored. Altogether, these results show that the strong water-stress tolerance of Fraxinus excelsior is in part related to an accumulation of malate and mannitol.

Mohamed Eddouks - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Fraxinus excelsior l evokes a hypotensive action in normal and spontaneously hypertensive rats
    Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2005
    Co-Authors: Mohamed Eddouks, M Maghrani, Naoufel Ali Zeggwagh, Meriem Haloui, Jeanbaptiste Michel
    Abstract:

    Abstract The hypotensive effect of an aqueous extract of Fraxinus excelsior L. was investigated in both normotensive (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Daily oral administration of Fraxinus excelsior (20 mg/kg) aqueous extract for 3 weeks produced a significant decrease in systolic blood pressure (SBP) with variation coefficient (Δ%) of 13.5% in SHR ( p p Fraxinus excelsior significantly enhanced the urination in both SHR ( p p ® ), an angiotensin II antagonist, was used as reference drug. Furthermore, oral administration of aqueous Fraxinus excelsior extract at a dose of 20 mg/kg produced a significant increase in urinary excretion of sodium ( p p p Fraxinus excelsior extract administration induced a significant increase of the urinary elimination of sodium ( p p p Fraxinus excelsior treatment in both SHR and WKY rats, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) showed a significant increase in SH rats ( p Fraxinus excelsior treatment. These results suggest that oral administration of aqueous extract of Fraxinus excelsior exhibited hypotensive and diuretic actions.

  • phlorizin like effect of Fraxinus excelsior in normal and diabetic rats
    Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2004
    Co-Authors: Mohamed Eddouks, M Maghrani
    Abstract:

    Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine the underlying mechanism of the hypoglycaemic activity of the aqueous extract perfusion of Fraxinus excelsior L. (FE) in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The aqueous extract was administered intravenously and the blood glucose changes were determined within four hours after starting the treatment. Plasma insulin concentrations and glycosuria were determined. The aqueous extract at a dose of 10 mg/kg/h produced a significant decrease in blood glucose levels in normal rats (P We conclude that aqueous extract perfusion of FE caused a potent inhibition of renal glucose reabsorption. This renal effect might be at least one mechanism explaining the observed hypoglycaemic activity of this plant in normal and diabetic rats.

  • study of the hypoglycaemic activity of Fraxinus excelsior and silybum marianum in an animal model of type 1 diabetes mellitus
    Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2004
    Co-Authors: M Maghrani, Naoufel Ali Zeggwagh, Jeanbaptiste Michel, A Lemhadri, El M Amraoui, Mohamed Eddouks
    Abstract:

    Abstract The hypoglycaemic effect of the aqueous extracts of Fraxinus excelsior (FE) seed and Silybum marianum (SM) aerial part was investigated in normal and streptozotocin (STZ) diabetic rats. After a single dose or 15 daily doses, oral administration of the aqueous extracts (20 mg/kg) produced a significant decrease of blood glucose levels in both normal and STZ diabetic rats ( P P P We conclude that the aqueous extracts of FE and SM exhibit potent hypoglycaemic and anti-hyperglycaemic activities in normal and STZ rats, respectively, without affecting basal plasma insulin concentrations.

  • Phlorizin-like effect of Fraxinus excelsior in normal and diabetic rats
    Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2004
    Co-Authors: Mohamed Eddouks, M Maghrani
    Abstract:

    The purpose of this study was to determine the underlying mechanism of the hypoglycaemic activity of the aqueous extract perfusion of Fraxinus excelsior L. (FE) in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The aqueous extract was administered intravenously and the blood glucose changes were determined within four hours after starting the treatment. Plasma insulin concentrations and glycosuria were determined. The aqueous extract at a dose of 10 mg/kg/h produced a significant decrease in blood glucose levels in normal rats (P < 0.001) and even more in diabetic rats (P < 0.001). This hypoglycaemic effect might be due to an extra-pancreatic action of the aqueous extract of FE, since the basal plasma insulin concentrations were unchanged after FE treatment. A potent increase of glycosuria was observed both in normal and diabetic rats (P < 0.001). We conclude that aqueous extract perfusion of FE caused a potent inhibition of renal glucose reabsorption. This renal effect might be at least one mechanism explaining the observed hypoglycaemic activity of this plant in normal and diabetic rats.

M Maghrani - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Fraxinus excelsior l evokes a hypotensive action in normal and spontaneously hypertensive rats
    Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2005
    Co-Authors: Mohamed Eddouks, M Maghrani, Naoufel Ali Zeggwagh, Meriem Haloui, Jeanbaptiste Michel
    Abstract:

    Abstract The hypotensive effect of an aqueous extract of Fraxinus excelsior L. was investigated in both normotensive (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Daily oral administration of Fraxinus excelsior (20 mg/kg) aqueous extract for 3 weeks produced a significant decrease in systolic blood pressure (SBP) with variation coefficient (Δ%) of 13.5% in SHR ( p p Fraxinus excelsior significantly enhanced the urination in both SHR ( p p ® ), an angiotensin II antagonist, was used as reference drug. Furthermore, oral administration of aqueous Fraxinus excelsior extract at a dose of 20 mg/kg produced a significant increase in urinary excretion of sodium ( p p p Fraxinus excelsior extract administration induced a significant increase of the urinary elimination of sodium ( p p p Fraxinus excelsior treatment in both SHR and WKY rats, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) showed a significant increase in SH rats ( p Fraxinus excelsior treatment. These results suggest that oral administration of aqueous extract of Fraxinus excelsior exhibited hypotensive and diuretic actions.

  • phlorizin like effect of Fraxinus excelsior in normal and diabetic rats
    Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2004
    Co-Authors: Mohamed Eddouks, M Maghrani
    Abstract:

    Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine the underlying mechanism of the hypoglycaemic activity of the aqueous extract perfusion of Fraxinus excelsior L. (FE) in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The aqueous extract was administered intravenously and the blood glucose changes were determined within four hours after starting the treatment. Plasma insulin concentrations and glycosuria were determined. The aqueous extract at a dose of 10 mg/kg/h produced a significant decrease in blood glucose levels in normal rats (P We conclude that aqueous extract perfusion of FE caused a potent inhibition of renal glucose reabsorption. This renal effect might be at least one mechanism explaining the observed hypoglycaemic activity of this plant in normal and diabetic rats.

  • study of the hypoglycaemic activity of Fraxinus excelsior and silybum marianum in an animal model of type 1 diabetes mellitus
    Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2004
    Co-Authors: M Maghrani, Naoufel Ali Zeggwagh, Jeanbaptiste Michel, A Lemhadri, El M Amraoui, Mohamed Eddouks
    Abstract:

    Abstract The hypoglycaemic effect of the aqueous extracts of Fraxinus excelsior (FE) seed and Silybum marianum (SM) aerial part was investigated in normal and streptozotocin (STZ) diabetic rats. After a single dose or 15 daily doses, oral administration of the aqueous extracts (20 mg/kg) produced a significant decrease of blood glucose levels in both normal and STZ diabetic rats ( P P P We conclude that the aqueous extracts of FE and SM exhibit potent hypoglycaemic and anti-hyperglycaemic activities in normal and STZ rats, respectively, without affecting basal plasma insulin concentrations.

  • Phlorizin-like effect of Fraxinus excelsior in normal and diabetic rats
    Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2004
    Co-Authors: Mohamed Eddouks, M Maghrani
    Abstract:

    The purpose of this study was to determine the underlying mechanism of the hypoglycaemic activity of the aqueous extract perfusion of Fraxinus excelsior L. (FE) in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The aqueous extract was administered intravenously and the blood glucose changes were determined within four hours after starting the treatment. Plasma insulin concentrations and glycosuria were determined. The aqueous extract at a dose of 10 mg/kg/h produced a significant decrease in blood glucose levels in normal rats (P < 0.001) and even more in diabetic rats (P < 0.001). This hypoglycaemic effect might be due to an extra-pancreatic action of the aqueous extract of FE, since the basal plasma insulin concentrations were unchanged after FE treatment. A potent increase of glycosuria was observed both in normal and diabetic rats (P < 0.001). We conclude that aqueous extract perfusion of FE caused a potent inhibition of renal glucose reabsorption. This renal effect might be at least one mechanism explaining the observed hypoglycaemic activity of this plant in normal and diabetic rats.

Fraxinus excelsior - 15 days free trial to Access Experts & Abstracts