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Vikram K Yeragani - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Gastric Dysmotility in major depression
Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry, 2010Co-Authors: Carmen Quick, Sandy Berger, M Hocke, Anna Kliem, Manuel Tancer, Georg Juckel, Vikram K YeraganiAbstract:Abstract Background Somatic symptoms of the gastrointestinal tract occur frequently in major depressive disorder (MDD) and might be associated with the known autonomic imbalance in the disease. Hence, we have investigated Gastric electrical activity in patients suffering from major depression before and after treatment by means of electrogastrography (EGG) to investigate a putative association with either the disease state and its symptoms or its relation to the treatment. Methods EGG readings before and after ingestion of a test meal of 27 patients suffering from major depression were recorded before and after treatment with antidepressants and compared with age-matched controls. Abdominal symptoms were rated by a specific Autonomic Nervous Symptom-score. Results We found a significantly increased amount of tachygastria before and after medication, indicating increased sympathetic modulation. A significant difference was observed for the instability coefficients before and after medication, indicating Gastric Dysmotility in our patients prior to treatment. The elevated approximate entropy measure points to increased complexity and dysregulation. Furthermore, we have observed a correlation between subjective sensation of sweating and dry mouth with the sympathetic parameter tachygastria. Discussion Our results suggest that major depression is associated with Gastric dysrhythmia possibly caused by increased sympathetic modulation. Linear and non-linear EGG measures emphasize a possible role of the autonomic nervous system in the development of Gastric symptoms. The treatment with antidepressants seems to increase the activity of the sympathetic nervous system, without aggravating Gastric symptoms. The association of increased sympathetic modulation with somatic symptoms was indicated by correlation analysis with these symptoms.
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linear and non linear measures indicate Gastric Dysmotility in patients suffering from acute schizophrenia
Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry, 2009Co-Authors: Jeannine Peupelmann, Sandy Berger, M Hocke, Carmen Quick, Manuel Tancer, Vikram K YeraganiAbstract:Cardiac autonomic dysfunction has been reported in patients suffering from schizophrenia. The aim of the present study was to evaluate Gastric electrical activity in unmedicated patients suffering from acute schizophrenia in relation to their symptoms. Electrogastrography was performed before and after test meal ingestion in 26 patients suffering from schizophrenia and 26 matched controls. The non-linear measure approximate entropy (ApEn) was calculated for the first time from the obtained signal in addition to standardized measures. Results were correlated with the scales for the assessment of positive symptoms and negative symptoms. In addition, autonomic and abdominal symptoms were assessed by the autonomic symptom score. We found a significantly increased amount of tachygastria and arrhythmia within the signal of the activity of the Gastric pacemaker before and after test meal digestion in patients compared to controls, indicating increased sympathetic modulation within the enteric nervous system. A significant difference was observed for slow wave, which represents the dominant frequency of Gastric pacemaker activity, indicating Gastric Dysmotility in our patients. The elevated ApEn measure points to increased complexity and dysregulation. In addition, we have observed a correlation between delusions and tachygastria. Sympathetic function seems to be altered in the enteric nervous system of patients suffering from schizophrenia. Future studies need to explore the influence of the disease on different branches of the autonomic nervous system and clinical consequences of enteric dysfunction. Our findings point to a possible systemic autonomic imbalance that needs to be studied in respect to the neurobiology of schizophrenia.
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Gastric Dysmotility in patients with major depression
Journal of Affective Disorders, 2008Co-Authors: Carmen Ruhland, M Hocke, Vikram K Yeragani, Jeannine Peupelmann, Mandy Koschke, Wolf Greiner, Uta PietschAbstract:Abstract Background Depressed patients frequently complain about vegetative symptoms. The aim of the present study was to evaluate Gastric electrical activity in patients suffering from major depression in relation to their symptoms. Methods Electrogastrography (EGG) was performed before and after a test meal ingestion in 21 patients suffering from major depression and control subjects. A structured interview was used to assess the severity of clinical as well as abdominal symptoms. Results Patients presented with significantly elevated proportions of tachygastria. Significant differences were found for the parameter arrhythmia, the coefficient of dominant frequency and slow wave after the test meal ingestion. A positive correlation was found between tachygastria and ANS score as well as tachygastria and the item “sweating”. Limitations Further studies are warranted to include more patients and to investigate interaction with specific antidepressive drugs. Discussion This is the first study demonstrating an increased amount of tachygastria in patients suffering from major depression which might be caused by increased sympathetic modulation. The correlation of tachygastria with the amount of Gastric symptoms underlines the clinical significance of this finding.
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Gastric Dysmotility in patients with major depression.
Journal of affective disorders, 2008Co-Authors: Carmen Ruhland, M Hocke, Jeannine Peupelmann, Mandy Koschke, Wolf Greiner, Uta Pietsch, Vikram K YeraganiAbstract:Depressed patients frequently complain about vegetative symptoms. The aim of the present study was to evaluate Gastric electrical activity in patients suffering from major depression in relation to their symptoms. Electrogastrography (EGG) was performed before and after a test meal ingestion in 21 patients suffering from major depression and control subjects. A structured interview was used to assess the severity of clinical as well as abdominal symptoms. Patients presented with significantly elevated proportions of tachygastria. Significant differences were found for the parameter arrhythmia, the coefficient of dominant frequency and slow wave after the test meal ingestion. A positive correlation was found between tachygastria and ANS score as well as tachygastria and the item "sweating". Further studies are warranted to include more patients and to investigate interaction with specific antidepressive drugs. This is the first study demonstrating an increased amount of tachygastria in patients suffering from major depression which might be caused by increased sympathetic modulation. The correlation of tachygastria with the amount of Gastric symptoms underlines the clinical significance of this finding.
M Hocke - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Gastric Dysmotility in healthy first degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia
Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry, 2010Co-Authors: Sandy Berger, M HockeAbstract:Gastric Dysmotility has been reported in patients suffering from major depression or schizophrenia. An increased sympathetic activity modulating the Gastric pacemaker located in the antrum of the stomach has been suggested as the underlying pathology. Similar to patients suffering from schizophrenia, their first-degree relatives showed alterations in cardiac autonomic modulation. Here we aimed to investigate Gastric myoelectrical activity in healthy relatives of patients suffering from paranoid schizophrenia. Electrogastrography (EGG) was performed before and after test meal ingestion in 20 patients with paranoid schizophrenia, 20 of their first-degree relatives and 20 healthy matched controls. Autonomic and abdominal symptoms were assessed by the autonomic symptom score as previously reported. Autonomic parameters were correlated with the positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS). Only minimal differences were observed before test meal ingestion between relatives and controls. In contrast, after test meal ingestion we observed a significantly increased tachygastria within the signal of the Gastric pacemaker in relatives compared to controls, whereas normogastria was reduced. Significant difference between relatives and controls were also found for postprandial ICDF (instability coefficient of dominant frequency) and slow wave, which represents the dominant frequency of Gastric pacemaker activity, indicating Gastric Dysmotility in relatives. Between relatives and patients just a difference for ICDP (instability coefficient of dominant power) was observed. After stimulation of the enteric nervous system we have observed an increased sympathetic modulation in first-degree relatives of patients suffering from schizophrenia. This result adds evidence to an ongoing debate on the genetic influence of autonomic dysfunction in the disease.
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Gastric Dysmotility in major depression
Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry, 2010Co-Authors: Carmen Quick, Sandy Berger, M Hocke, Anna Kliem, Manuel Tancer, Georg Juckel, Vikram K YeraganiAbstract:Abstract Background Somatic symptoms of the gastrointestinal tract occur frequently in major depressive disorder (MDD) and might be associated with the known autonomic imbalance in the disease. Hence, we have investigated Gastric electrical activity in patients suffering from major depression before and after treatment by means of electrogastrography (EGG) to investigate a putative association with either the disease state and its symptoms or its relation to the treatment. Methods EGG readings before and after ingestion of a test meal of 27 patients suffering from major depression were recorded before and after treatment with antidepressants and compared with age-matched controls. Abdominal symptoms were rated by a specific Autonomic Nervous Symptom-score. Results We found a significantly increased amount of tachygastria before and after medication, indicating increased sympathetic modulation. A significant difference was observed for the instability coefficients before and after medication, indicating Gastric Dysmotility in our patients prior to treatment. The elevated approximate entropy measure points to increased complexity and dysregulation. Furthermore, we have observed a correlation between subjective sensation of sweating and dry mouth with the sympathetic parameter tachygastria. Discussion Our results suggest that major depression is associated with Gastric dysrhythmia possibly caused by increased sympathetic modulation. Linear and non-linear EGG measures emphasize a possible role of the autonomic nervous system in the development of Gastric symptoms. The treatment with antidepressants seems to increase the activity of the sympathetic nervous system, without aggravating Gastric symptoms. The association of increased sympathetic modulation with somatic symptoms was indicated by correlation analysis with these symptoms.
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linear and non linear measures indicate Gastric Dysmotility in patients suffering from acute schizophrenia
Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry, 2009Co-Authors: Jeannine Peupelmann, Sandy Berger, M Hocke, Carmen Quick, Manuel Tancer, Vikram K YeraganiAbstract:Cardiac autonomic dysfunction has been reported in patients suffering from schizophrenia. The aim of the present study was to evaluate Gastric electrical activity in unmedicated patients suffering from acute schizophrenia in relation to their symptoms. Electrogastrography was performed before and after test meal ingestion in 26 patients suffering from schizophrenia and 26 matched controls. The non-linear measure approximate entropy (ApEn) was calculated for the first time from the obtained signal in addition to standardized measures. Results were correlated with the scales for the assessment of positive symptoms and negative symptoms. In addition, autonomic and abdominal symptoms were assessed by the autonomic symptom score. We found a significantly increased amount of tachygastria and arrhythmia within the signal of the activity of the Gastric pacemaker before and after test meal digestion in patients compared to controls, indicating increased sympathetic modulation within the enteric nervous system. A significant difference was observed for slow wave, which represents the dominant frequency of Gastric pacemaker activity, indicating Gastric Dysmotility in our patients. The elevated ApEn measure points to increased complexity and dysregulation. In addition, we have observed a correlation between delusions and tachygastria. Sympathetic function seems to be altered in the enteric nervous system of patients suffering from schizophrenia. Future studies need to explore the influence of the disease on different branches of the autonomic nervous system and clinical consequences of enteric dysfunction. Our findings point to a possible systemic autonomic imbalance that needs to be studied in respect to the neurobiology of schizophrenia.
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Gastric Dysmotility in patients with major depression
Journal of Affective Disorders, 2008Co-Authors: Carmen Ruhland, M Hocke, Vikram K Yeragani, Jeannine Peupelmann, Mandy Koschke, Wolf Greiner, Uta PietschAbstract:Abstract Background Depressed patients frequently complain about vegetative symptoms. The aim of the present study was to evaluate Gastric electrical activity in patients suffering from major depression in relation to their symptoms. Methods Electrogastrography (EGG) was performed before and after a test meal ingestion in 21 patients suffering from major depression and control subjects. A structured interview was used to assess the severity of clinical as well as abdominal symptoms. Results Patients presented with significantly elevated proportions of tachygastria. Significant differences were found for the parameter arrhythmia, the coefficient of dominant frequency and slow wave after the test meal ingestion. A positive correlation was found between tachygastria and ANS score as well as tachygastria and the item “sweating”. Limitations Further studies are warranted to include more patients and to investigate interaction with specific antidepressive drugs. Discussion This is the first study demonstrating an increased amount of tachygastria in patients suffering from major depression which might be caused by increased sympathetic modulation. The correlation of tachygastria with the amount of Gastric symptoms underlines the clinical significance of this finding.
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Gastric Dysmotility in patients with major depression.
Journal of affective disorders, 2008Co-Authors: Carmen Ruhland, M Hocke, Jeannine Peupelmann, Mandy Koschke, Wolf Greiner, Uta Pietsch, Vikram K YeraganiAbstract:Depressed patients frequently complain about vegetative symptoms. The aim of the present study was to evaluate Gastric electrical activity in patients suffering from major depression in relation to their symptoms. Electrogastrography (EGG) was performed before and after a test meal ingestion in 21 patients suffering from major depression and control subjects. A structured interview was used to assess the severity of clinical as well as abdominal symptoms. Patients presented with significantly elevated proportions of tachygastria. Significant differences were found for the parameter arrhythmia, the coefficient of dominant frequency and slow wave after the test meal ingestion. A positive correlation was found between tachygastria and ANS score as well as tachygastria and the item "sweating". Further studies are warranted to include more patients and to investigate interaction with specific antidepressive drugs. This is the first study demonstrating an increased amount of tachygastria in patients suffering from major depression which might be caused by increased sympathetic modulation. The correlation of tachygastria with the amount of Gastric symptoms underlines the clinical significance of this finding.
Raquel Abalo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Radiographic dose‐dependency study of loperamide effects on gastrointestinal motor function in the rat. Temporal relationship with nausea‐like behavior
Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 2019Co-Authors: Gema Vera, Rocío Girón, María Isabel Martín‐fontelles, Raquel AbaloAbstract:Loperamide is a potent mu opioid receptor agonist available over the counter to treat diarrhea. Although at therapeutic doses loperamide is devoid of central effects, it may exert them if used at high doses or combined with drugs that increase its systemic and/or central bioavailability. Recently, public health and scientific interest on loperamide has increased due to a growing trend of misuse and abuse, and consequent reports on its toxicity. Our aim was to evaluate in the rat the effects of increasing loperamide doses, with increasing likelihood to induce central effects, on gastrointestinal motor function (including Gastric Dysmotility and nausea-like behavior). Male Wistar rats received an intraperitoneal injection of vehicle or loperamide (0.1, 1, or 10 mg kg-1 ). Three sets of experiments were performed to evaluate: (a) central effects (somatic nociceptive thresholds, immobility time, core temperature, spontaneous locomotor activity); (b) general gastrointestinal motility (serial X-rays were taken 0-8 hours after intraGastric barium administration and analyzed semiquantitatively, morphometrically, and densitometrically); and (c) bedding intake (a rodent indirect marker of nausea). Animals from sets 1 and 3 were used to evaluate Gastric Dysmotility ex vivo at 2 and 4 hours after administration, respectively. Loperamide significantly induced antinociception, hypothermia, and hypolocomotion (but not catalepsy) at high doses and dose-dependently reduced gastrointestinal motor function, with the intestine exhibiting higher sensitivity than the stomach. Whereas bedding intake occurred early and transiently, Gastric Dysmotility was much more persistent. Our results suggest that loperamide-induced nausea and Gastric Dysmotility might be temporally dissociated. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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alterations of colonic sensitivity and Gastric Dysmotility after acute cisplatin and granisetron
Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 2019Co-Authors: Marta Martinruiz, J A Uranga, Paula Mosinska, Jakub Fichna, Kulmira Nurgali, Ma Isabel Martinfontelles, Raquel AbaloAbstract:BACKGROUND: Cisplatin is a highly emetogenic antineoplastic drug and induces peripheral neuropathy when given in cycles. Granisetron, a 5-HT3 antagonist, is clinically used to prevent chemotherapy-induced nausea/emesis and abdominal pain in irritable bowel syndrome. The effects of cisplatin on visceral sensitivity and those of granisetron in the context of cancer chemotherapy are not well known. METHODS: Adult male Wistar rats received two intraperitoneal injections 30 minutes apart: granisetron (1 mg kg-1 )/vehicle and cisplatin (6 mg kg-1 )/vehicle. Thereafter, nausea-like behavior was measured as bedding intake for 4 hours, and Gastric Dysmotility was measured radiographically for 8 hours. Gastric weight and size were determined ex vivo and samples of the forestomach, corpus, ileum, and colon were obtained for histological analysis at 4 and 30 hours after cisplatin/vehicle. Visceral sensitivity was measured as abdominal contractions in response to mechanical intracolonic stimulation 2 hours after cisplatin/vehicle. KEY RESULTS: Cisplatin-induced bedding intake and Gastric Dysmotility, and granisetron blocked these effects, which occurred in the absence of frank mucositis. Visceral sensitivity was reduced to a similar extent by both drugs alone or in combination. CONCLUSIONS AND INFERENCES: Cisplatin-induced bedding intake and Gastric Dysmotility were blocked by granisetron, confirming the involvement of serotonin acting on 5-HT3 receptors. Unexpectedly, visceral sensitivity to colonic distension was reduced, to the same extent, by cisplatin, granisetron, and their combination, suggesting important mechanistic differences with nausea and Gastric Dysmotility that warrant further investigation.
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Alterations of colonic sensitivity and Gastric Dysmotility after acute cisplatin and granisetron
Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 2018Co-Authors: Marta Martín-ruiz, J A Uranga, Jakub Fichna, Kulmira Nurgali, Paula Mosińska, Mª Isabel Martín‐fontelles, Raquel AbaloAbstract:Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (SAF2012‐40075‐C02‐01). L. Blanco had a contract by Consejeria de Educacion, Juventud y Deporte from Comunidad de Madrid and Fondo Social Europeo (PEJ15/BIO/TL‐0580).
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cannabinoids may worsen Gastric Dysmotility induced by chronic cisplatin in the rat
Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 2013Co-Authors: Raquel Abalo, P A Cabezos, Gema Vera, Ana Esther Lopezperez, M I MartinAbstract:Background Although cannabinoids have traditionally been used for the treatment and/or prevention of nausea and/or emesis, anorexia and weight loss induced by clinical use of antineoplastic drugs, their efficacy and safety in long-term treatments are still controversial. Our aim was to analyze the effects of the non-selective cannabinoid agonist WIN 55 212-2 (WIN) on gastrointestinal (GI) Dysmotility and other adverse effects induced by repeated cisplatin administration in the rat. Methods Male Wistar rats received two intraperitoneal injections once a week for 4 weeks: the first one was WIN, at non-psychoactive doses (0.5 or 1 mg kg−1), its vehicle or saline; the second one was cisplatin (2 mg kg−1) or saline. Radiographic techniques were used to determine the acute (after first dose), chronic (after last dose), and residual (1 week after treatment finalization) effects of cisplatin and/or WIN on GI motility. Bodyweight gain, food ingestion, and mechanical sensitivity were also tested. Key Results Weekly cisplatin induced mechanical allodynia, which WIN prevented, as well as weight gain reduction and anorexia, which WIN did not. Gastric emptying was dose-dependently delayed by cisplatin and this effect was enhanced upon chronic treatment. WIN aggravated cisplatin-induced Gastric Dysmotility. One week after treatment finalization, only minor alterations of GI motor function were found in rats treated with cisplatin, WIN or both. Conclusions & Inferences WIN weekly administered at low doses prevents neuropathy, but does not prevent anorexia or weight loss and aggravates Gastric Dysmotility induced by cisplatin. Cannabinoids should be handled with caution if chronically administered during chemotherapy.
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Cisplatin-induced gastrointestinal Dysmotility is aggravated after chronic administration in the rat. Comparison with pica.
Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 2010Co-Authors: P A Cabezos, Gema Vera, M. I. Martín‐fontelles, R. Fernández‐pujol, Raquel AbaloAbstract:Background Chemotherapy induces nausea/emesis and gastrointestinal Dysmotility. Pica, the ingestion of non-nutritive substances, is considered as an indirect marker of nausea/emesis in non-vomiting species, like the rat. Cisplatin is the most emetogenic antitumoral drug. In the rat, acute cisplatin induces pica and Gastric Dysmotility in a temporally related manner, but the effects of chronic cisplatin are not well known. This study analyzed the effects of chronic cisplatin on pica and on gastrointestinal motor function in the rat, using radiographic, non-invasive methods. Methods Rats received saline or cisplatin (1–3 mg kg−1, i.p.) once a week for four consecutive weeks. Serial X-rays were taken 0–8 h after administration of barium sulfate, which was given intraGastrically immediately after the first and last cisplatin administrations and 1 week after treatment finalization. Pica (i.e., kaolin intake) was measured in isolated rats. Key Results Cisplatin delayed Gastric emptying and induced acute (during the 24 h following each administration) pica. Upon chronic administration, these effects were exacerbated. In addition, basal kaolin intake was enhanced (facilitated) and Gastric distension induced. Delayed Gastric emptying and Gastric distension were not apparent 1 week after treatment, but basal kaolin intake was still elevated. Conclusions & Inferences Whereas Gastric Dysmotility induced by cisplatin is parallel to the development of acute pica and might underlie facilitation of pica throughout chronic treatment, it does not explain its long-term maintenance. These findings should be taken into account in the search for new antiemetic strategies.
Richard Gorczynski - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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reduced nitric oxide reactivity of a new recombinant human hemoglobin attenuates Gastric Dysmotility
European Journal of Pharmacology, 1998Co-Authors: Craig J Hartman, Gayle Argoudelis, Daniel H Doherty, Douglas D Lemon, Richard GorczynskiAbstract:The objective of this investigation was to compare the Gastric motility effects of two recombinant hemoglobin variants, rHb1.1, and rHb3011, the latter having decreased nitric oxide reactivity via mutagenic alteration. Variants were administered to rats at 750 and 1500 mg/kg, i.v., prior to feeding a meal. The percentage of meal emptied was determined 45 min after feeding. rHb1.1 reduced Gastric emptying significantly (48% and 71%), whereas rHb3011 was significant (42%) only at the higher dose (p<0.05). The results suggest that rHb1.1 inhibits Gastric emptying by scavenging NO, and this effect is significantly reduced by rHb3011, which has decreased NO reactivity.
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Reduced nitric oxide reactivity of a new recombinant human hemoglobin attenuates Gastric Dysmotility
European Journal of Pharmacology, 1998Co-Authors: J.craig Hartman, Gayle Argoudelis, Daniel H Doherty, Douglas D Lemon, Richard GorczynskiAbstract:The objective of this investigation was to compare the Gastric motility effects of two recombinant hemoglobin variants, rHb1.1, and rHb3011, the latter having decreased nitric oxide reactivity via mutagenic alteration. Variants were administered to rats at 750 and 1500 mg/kg, i.v., prior to feeding a meal. The percentage of meal emptied was determined 45 min after feeding. rHb1.1 reduced Gastric emptying significantly (48% and 71%), whereas rHb3011 was significant (42%) only at the higher dose (p
Maud Y. A. Van Herwaarden-lindeboom - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Effect of Gastrostomy Placement on Gastric Function in Children: a Prospective Cohort Study
Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery, 2017Co-Authors: Josephine Franken, Femke A. Mauritz, Rebecca K. Stellato, Maud Y. A. Van Herwaarden-lindeboomAbstract:Background A gastrostomy placement is frequently performed in pediatric patients who require long-term enteral tube feeding. Unfortunately, postoperative complications such as leakage, feeding intolerance, and gastroesophageal reflux frequently occur. These complications may be due to postoperative Gastric Dysmotility. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of gastrostomy placement on Gastric emptying in children. Methods A prospective study was performed including 50 children undergoing laparoscopic gastrostomy. Before and 3 months after gastrostomy, assessment was performed using the ^13C-octanoic acid breath test, 24-h pH monitoring, and reflux symptom questionnaires. Results Gastric half-emptying time significantly increased from the 57th to the 79th percentile ( p
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The Effect of Gastrostomy Placement on Gastric Function in Children: a Prospective Cohort Study
Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery, 2017Co-Authors: Josephine Franken, Femke A. Mauritz, Rebecca K. Stellato, Maud Y. A. Van Herwaarden-lindeboomAbstract:Background A gastrostomy placement is frequently performed in pediatric patients who require long-term enteral tube feeding. Unfortunately, postoperative complications such as leakage, feeding intolerance, and gastroesophageal reflux frequently occur. These complications may be due to postoperative Gastric Dysmotility. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of gastrostomy placement on Gastric emptying in children.