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Y Dahmani - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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etude immunohistochimique du pancreas chez Gerbillus Gerbillus rendue diabetique par la streptozotocine
Annales D Endocrinologie, 2020Co-Authors: A Mallek, N Semiane, Z Bellahreche, Y DahmaniAbstract:Le diabete est une affection metabolique chronique caracterisee par une perturbation du metabolisme des glucides, des lipides et des proteines resultant d’un defaut de la secretion de l’insuline ou de l’action de l’insuline ou de ces deux anomalies associees. Dans le present travail, nous nous sommes interesses a l’impact de la streptozotocine sur le pancreas de la gerbille, Gerbillus Gerbillus. Pour ce faire, deux lots ont ete constitues : un groupe temoin (n = 6) recevant une injection intraperitoneale unique de tampon citrate et un groupe experimente (n = 6) recevant une injection intraperitoneale unique de streptozotocine (130 mg/kg de poids corporel). L’administration de la streptozotocine a induit une perturbation du statut metabolique se manifestant par une baisse de l’insulinemie, une hyperglycemie et une hyperlipemie. Conjointement, l’etude qualitative a revele une desorganisation de l’architecture du pancreas et une infiltration par des cellules immunitaires confirmee par l’examen immunohistochimique. En conclusion, la gerbille represente un modele potentiel pour l’etude du diabete experimental et de ses complications.
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High-carbohydrate diet-induced metabolic disorders in Gerbillus tarabuli (a new model of non-alcoholic fatty-liver disease). Protective effects of 20-hydroxyecdysone.
Archives of physiology and biochemistry, 2019Co-Authors: Hadjer Agoun, S Hammadi, Z Bellahreche, Ali Khalkhal, Nesrine Semiane, Aicha Mallek, Maha Madjerab, Mohamed Abdlalli, Y DahmaniAbstract:The aim of our study was to reveal the effects of long-term consumption of a high-carbohydrate diet (HCD) on metabolic dysfunctions and histopathological liver alterations in Gerbillus tarabuli, as...
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adrenal cortex disorders in a new model of obesity Gerbillus Gerbillus exposed to a high carbohydrate diet
Comptes Rendus Biologies, 2019Co-Authors: Maha Medjerab, S Hammadi, Hadjer Agoun, Ali Khalkhal, Nesrine Semiane, Aicha Mallek, Mohamed Abdelali, Zineb Bellahrache, Y DahmaniAbstract:Obesity is associated with several endocrine disorders, including hypersensitivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a high carbohydrate diet on structural and ultrastructural features of steroidogenic tissue, as well to evaluate adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cortisol, and insulin levels in the blood and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) expression in the adrenals of gerbils. In electron microscopy, the most pronounced effect of the hypercaloric diet was observed in the zona fasciculata. Plasma levels of ACTH, cortisol, and insulin also showed significant increases. However, no significant change was noted in StAR protein levels. There is evidence that high carbohydrate intake brings about remarkable morphological and functional modifications. This could ultimately lead to mitochondrial alteration and accumulation of lipid droplets, which may lead to inflammation and degeneration of adrenal cells.
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Hyperactivation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical axis in streptozotocin-diabetic gerbils (Gerbillus Gerbillus)
International journal of experimental pathology, 2018Co-Authors: S Hammadi, Z Bellahreche, Hadjer Agoun, Ali Khalkhal, Owen Chan, Mohamed Abdellali, Maha Medjerab, Y DahmaniAbstract:This study was designed to investigate the HPA-axis impairment in the streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic gerbils (Gerbillus Gerbillus). Twenty-six male gerbils (body weight ~27 g) were divided into 3 groups: vehicle control (n = 10), 2 days of diabetes (n = 09) and 30 days of diabetes (n = 07). The latter 2 groups received an intraperitoneal injection of STZ (150 mg/kg of body weight). At 2 and 30 days of diabetes, streptozotocin-diabetic gerbils underwent a retro-orbital puncture for assessment of biochemical and hormonal parameters. Subsequently the animals were decapitated and the adrenal glands were removed, weighed and processed for light microscopy and stereology. Nondiabetic control gerbils that had been injected with citrate buffer were examined as a comparison. At 2 days of diabetes, STZ gerbils exhibited symptoms that are characteristic of human diabetes type 1. The adrenal gland showed significant increase in weight, associated with a larger cortex layer, hypertrophy of the fasciculate cells and a significant decrease in the nucleocytoplasmic index. These changes were associated with higher plasma ACTH and cortisol concentrations compared to nondiabetic controls. At 30 days postdiabetes, ACTH levels remained elevated, whereas cortisol levels decreased compared to the early stage of diabetes. Histological analysis revealed the existence of a band of connective tissue (collagen) that separates the cortical and medullary zones and is not present in humans or laboratory rodents, which represents a striking change seen throughout the disease. STZ-induced diabetes mellitus in Gerbillus Gerbillus resulted in hyperactivation of the HPA axis in the early stages of diabetes mellitus which did not persist into the final stages of the disease, suggesting a possible reduction in adrenocortical sensitivity over time.
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Experimental diabetes induced by streptozotocin in the desert gerbil, Gerbillus Gerbillus, and the effects of short-term 20-hydroxyecdysone administration.
Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie, 2018Co-Authors: Aicha Mallek, Ali Khalkhal, Nesrine Semiane, Jamileh Movassat, Souad Ameddah, Junjun Liu, Y DahmaniAbstract:Abstract The present work was aimed at studying the effects of streptozotocin (STZ; 130 mg/kg) in the desert gerbil, Gerbillus Gerbillus, and at evaluating the impact of the short-term administration of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E; 5 mg/kg). We observed that administration of streptozotocin caused a significant increase in plasmatic glucose and a decrease in insulin levels. The plasma lipid profile and liver glycogen content were also altered. The activities of antioxidant enzymes and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were increased in the pancreatic tissue of STZ-treated gerbils. Moreover, histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis showed degenerative damage in the pancreas with a decline in the percentage area of β-cells. Treatment of STZ-treated gerbils with 20E counteracted metabolic disorders and reduced lipid peroxidation. Histological and immunohistochemical studies showed moderate amelioration in the pancreatic structure. These findings indicate that streptozotocin administration induced experimental diabetes in gerbils and that short-term administration of 20E has beneficial effects in glucose homeostasis in STZ-treated gerbils suggesting that 20E may stimulate surviving β-cells to release more insulin.
S Hammadi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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High-carbohydrate diet-induced metabolic disorders in Gerbillus tarabuli (a new model of non-alcoholic fatty-liver disease). Protective effects of 20-hydroxyecdysone.
Archives of physiology and biochemistry, 2019Co-Authors: Hadjer Agoun, S Hammadi, Z Bellahreche, Ali Khalkhal, Nesrine Semiane, Aicha Mallek, Maha Madjerab, Mohamed Abdlalli, Y DahmaniAbstract:The aim of our study was to reveal the effects of long-term consumption of a high-carbohydrate diet (HCD) on metabolic dysfunctions and histopathological liver alterations in Gerbillus tarabuli, as...
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adrenal cortex disorders in a new model of obesity Gerbillus Gerbillus exposed to a high carbohydrate diet
Comptes Rendus Biologies, 2019Co-Authors: Maha Medjerab, S Hammadi, Hadjer Agoun, Ali Khalkhal, Nesrine Semiane, Aicha Mallek, Mohamed Abdelali, Zineb Bellahrache, Y DahmaniAbstract:Obesity is associated with several endocrine disorders, including hypersensitivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a high carbohydrate diet on structural and ultrastructural features of steroidogenic tissue, as well to evaluate adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cortisol, and insulin levels in the blood and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) expression in the adrenals of gerbils. In electron microscopy, the most pronounced effect of the hypercaloric diet was observed in the zona fasciculata. Plasma levels of ACTH, cortisol, and insulin also showed significant increases. However, no significant change was noted in StAR protein levels. There is evidence that high carbohydrate intake brings about remarkable morphological and functional modifications. This could ultimately lead to mitochondrial alteration and accumulation of lipid droplets, which may lead to inflammation and degeneration of adrenal cells.
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Hyperactivation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical axis in streptozotocin-diabetic gerbils (Gerbillus Gerbillus)
International journal of experimental pathology, 2018Co-Authors: S Hammadi, Z Bellahreche, Hadjer Agoun, Ali Khalkhal, Owen Chan, Mohamed Abdellali, Maha Medjerab, Y DahmaniAbstract:This study was designed to investigate the HPA-axis impairment in the streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic gerbils (Gerbillus Gerbillus). Twenty-six male gerbils (body weight ~27 g) were divided into 3 groups: vehicle control (n = 10), 2 days of diabetes (n = 09) and 30 days of diabetes (n = 07). The latter 2 groups received an intraperitoneal injection of STZ (150 mg/kg of body weight). At 2 and 30 days of diabetes, streptozotocin-diabetic gerbils underwent a retro-orbital puncture for assessment of biochemical and hormonal parameters. Subsequently the animals were decapitated and the adrenal glands were removed, weighed and processed for light microscopy and stereology. Nondiabetic control gerbils that had been injected with citrate buffer were examined as a comparison. At 2 days of diabetes, STZ gerbils exhibited symptoms that are characteristic of human diabetes type 1. The adrenal gland showed significant increase in weight, associated with a larger cortex layer, hypertrophy of the fasciculate cells and a significant decrease in the nucleocytoplasmic index. These changes were associated with higher plasma ACTH and cortisol concentrations compared to nondiabetic controls. At 30 days postdiabetes, ACTH levels remained elevated, whereas cortisol levels decreased compared to the early stage of diabetes. Histological analysis revealed the existence of a band of connective tissue (collagen) that separates the cortical and medullary zones and is not present in humans or laboratory rodents, which represents a striking change seen throughout the disease. STZ-induced diabetes mellitus in Gerbillus Gerbillus resulted in hyperactivation of the HPA axis in the early stages of diabetes mellitus which did not persist into the final stages of the disease, suggesting a possible reduction in adrenocortical sensitivity over time.
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Hypercortisolemia In the streptozotocin-diabetic Gerbils (Gerbillus Gerbillus)
Annales d'Endocrinologie, 2018Co-Authors: S Hammadi, Z Bellahreche, Hadjer Agoun, Ali Khalkhal, Owen Chan, Mohamed Abdellali, Y DahmaniAbstract:One of the recognized issues in diabetes mellitus research is the lack of animal models allowing the research of pathological, biochemical and genetic factors in immuno-competent animals. Our research group has successfully employed the gerbil in several studies of experimental diabetes and hypercaloric diet. In the present work, we investigate the effect of an acute and chronic pharmacologic stress, the streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetes type I, in the Gerbillus Gerbillus. In this purpose, we aimed to study the morphology of the gerbil's adrenal gland with assessment of cortisol level at two and 30 days of diabetes. Adult gerbils weighing 25–28 g (n = 11), were divided into the following groups: non-diabetic (control), 2 days of diabetes (acute) and 30 days of diabetes (chronic). The experimental groups received an intra-peritoneal injection of a single dose of 150 mg/kg STZ. At two and 30 days of diabetes the animals underwent a retro-orbital puncture, for assessment of hormonal parameters (Cortisol and insulin) and subsequently decapitated, the adrenal glands were removed, weighed and processed for light microscopy and stereology. Non-diabetic control gerbils with citrate buffer were also examined for comparison. At two days of diabetes, STZ gerbils – adrenal gland showed a significant increase in weight, accompanied by a larger cortex layer, hypertrophy of the fasciculate cells and a significant decrease in the nucleocytoplasmic index, these changes were associated with higher plasma cortisol level, compared to non-diabetic controls. At 30 days post-diabetes, cortisol level remained elevated compared to control; whereas it decreased significantly compared to the early stage of diabetes. These data indicate that, the administration of STZ involve in the small gerbil, an endocrine and metabolic dysfunction as well as structural disorders of the adrenal cortex that could be a sign of hyperactivity at the early stage of the disease and suggest a possible reduction in adrenocortical sensitivity over time.
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etude ultrastructurale de la corticosurrenale chez la gerbille Gerbillus Gerbillus soumise a une diete riche en hydrates de carbone
Annales D Endocrinologie, 2015Co-Authors: M Medjerab, N Semiane, S Hammadi, Z Bellahreche, A Mallek, Hadjer Agoun, M Abdelali, Ali Khalkhal, T Hacini, Y DahmaniAbstract:Gerbillus Gerbillus presente un interet particulier car, soumise a un stress nutritionnel, elle developpe un syndrome plurimetabolique marque par une importante obesite viscerale et des troubles metaboliques s’accompagnant de perturbations structurales et ultrastructurales des glandes surrenales. L’interet de ce travail est d’etudier les repercussions de la surcharge glucidique sur les aspects ultrastructuraux de la corticosurrenale chez les animaux soumis au regime hyperglucidique. Nos experiences ont dure 6 mois et ont porte sur 12 gerbilles de sexe mâle et femelle reparties en deux groupes : (G1 : temoins ; n = 6) : recevant une alimentation hypocalorique (branchettes, paille, carottes), (G2 : experimentes ; n = 6) : animaux soumis a une diete hyperglucidique (orge et dattes seches) correspondant a un apport calorique journalier de 22,50 Cal/animal. Au terme de l’experimentation, les gerbilles du G2 developpent une obesite, une hyperglycemie, et une insulinoresistance par apport aux animaux du G1. Conjointement, ces memes animaux manifestent des changements ultrastructuraux tres importants au niveau des trois zones (glomerulee, fasciculee et reticulee) comparativement a l’animal temoin G1. Ces changements sont caracterises par l’estompement de la membrane plasmique, l’elargissement de l’espace intercellulaire, la dilatation du reticulum endoplasmique lisse, la desintegration des mitochondries, la presence de nombreux lysosomes et une infiltration par du tissu conjonctif. Ces resultats montrent que le regime hyperglucidique induit chez Gerbillus Gerbillus des desordres endocrinometaboliques associes a des lesions ultrastructurales de la corticosurrenale.
Ali Khalkhal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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High-carbohydrate diet-induced metabolic disorders in Gerbillus tarabuli (a new model of non-alcoholic fatty-liver disease). Protective effects of 20-hydroxyecdysone.
Archives of physiology and biochemistry, 2019Co-Authors: Hadjer Agoun, S Hammadi, Z Bellahreche, Ali Khalkhal, Nesrine Semiane, Aicha Mallek, Maha Madjerab, Mohamed Abdlalli, Y DahmaniAbstract:The aim of our study was to reveal the effects of long-term consumption of a high-carbohydrate diet (HCD) on metabolic dysfunctions and histopathological liver alterations in Gerbillus tarabuli, as...
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adrenal cortex disorders in a new model of obesity Gerbillus Gerbillus exposed to a high carbohydrate diet
Comptes Rendus Biologies, 2019Co-Authors: Maha Medjerab, S Hammadi, Hadjer Agoun, Ali Khalkhal, Nesrine Semiane, Aicha Mallek, Mohamed Abdelali, Zineb Bellahrache, Y DahmaniAbstract:Obesity is associated with several endocrine disorders, including hypersensitivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a high carbohydrate diet on structural and ultrastructural features of steroidogenic tissue, as well to evaluate adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cortisol, and insulin levels in the blood and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) expression in the adrenals of gerbils. In electron microscopy, the most pronounced effect of the hypercaloric diet was observed in the zona fasciculata. Plasma levels of ACTH, cortisol, and insulin also showed significant increases. However, no significant change was noted in StAR protein levels. There is evidence that high carbohydrate intake brings about remarkable morphological and functional modifications. This could ultimately lead to mitochondrial alteration and accumulation of lipid droplets, which may lead to inflammation and degeneration of adrenal cells.
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Hyperactivation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical axis in streptozotocin-diabetic gerbils (Gerbillus Gerbillus)
International journal of experimental pathology, 2018Co-Authors: S Hammadi, Z Bellahreche, Hadjer Agoun, Ali Khalkhal, Owen Chan, Mohamed Abdellali, Maha Medjerab, Y DahmaniAbstract:This study was designed to investigate the HPA-axis impairment in the streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic gerbils (Gerbillus Gerbillus). Twenty-six male gerbils (body weight ~27 g) were divided into 3 groups: vehicle control (n = 10), 2 days of diabetes (n = 09) and 30 days of diabetes (n = 07). The latter 2 groups received an intraperitoneal injection of STZ (150 mg/kg of body weight). At 2 and 30 days of diabetes, streptozotocin-diabetic gerbils underwent a retro-orbital puncture for assessment of biochemical and hormonal parameters. Subsequently the animals were decapitated and the adrenal glands were removed, weighed and processed for light microscopy and stereology. Nondiabetic control gerbils that had been injected with citrate buffer were examined as a comparison. At 2 days of diabetes, STZ gerbils exhibited symptoms that are characteristic of human diabetes type 1. The adrenal gland showed significant increase in weight, associated with a larger cortex layer, hypertrophy of the fasciculate cells and a significant decrease in the nucleocytoplasmic index. These changes were associated with higher plasma ACTH and cortisol concentrations compared to nondiabetic controls. At 30 days postdiabetes, ACTH levels remained elevated, whereas cortisol levels decreased compared to the early stage of diabetes. Histological analysis revealed the existence of a band of connective tissue (collagen) that separates the cortical and medullary zones and is not present in humans or laboratory rodents, which represents a striking change seen throughout the disease. STZ-induced diabetes mellitus in Gerbillus Gerbillus resulted in hyperactivation of the HPA axis in the early stages of diabetes mellitus which did not persist into the final stages of the disease, suggesting a possible reduction in adrenocortical sensitivity over time.
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Experimental diabetes induced by streptozotocin in the desert gerbil, Gerbillus Gerbillus, and the effects of short-term 20-hydroxyecdysone administration.
Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie, 2018Co-Authors: Aicha Mallek, Ali Khalkhal, Nesrine Semiane, Jamileh Movassat, Souad Ameddah, Junjun Liu, Y DahmaniAbstract:Abstract The present work was aimed at studying the effects of streptozotocin (STZ; 130 mg/kg) in the desert gerbil, Gerbillus Gerbillus, and at evaluating the impact of the short-term administration of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E; 5 mg/kg). We observed that administration of streptozotocin caused a significant increase in plasmatic glucose and a decrease in insulin levels. The plasma lipid profile and liver glycogen content were also altered. The activities of antioxidant enzymes and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were increased in the pancreatic tissue of STZ-treated gerbils. Moreover, histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis showed degenerative damage in the pancreas with a decline in the percentage area of β-cells. Treatment of STZ-treated gerbils with 20E counteracted metabolic disorders and reduced lipid peroxidation. Histological and immunohistochemical studies showed moderate amelioration in the pancreatic structure. These findings indicate that streptozotocin administration induced experimental diabetes in gerbils and that short-term administration of 20E has beneficial effects in glucose homeostasis in STZ-treated gerbils suggesting that 20E may stimulate surviving β-cells to release more insulin.
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Hypercortisolemia In the streptozotocin-diabetic Gerbils (Gerbillus Gerbillus)
Annales d'Endocrinologie, 2018Co-Authors: S Hammadi, Z Bellahreche, Hadjer Agoun, Ali Khalkhal, Owen Chan, Mohamed Abdellali, Y DahmaniAbstract:One of the recognized issues in diabetes mellitus research is the lack of animal models allowing the research of pathological, biochemical and genetic factors in immuno-competent animals. Our research group has successfully employed the gerbil in several studies of experimental diabetes and hypercaloric diet. In the present work, we investigate the effect of an acute and chronic pharmacologic stress, the streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetes type I, in the Gerbillus Gerbillus. In this purpose, we aimed to study the morphology of the gerbil's adrenal gland with assessment of cortisol level at two and 30 days of diabetes. Adult gerbils weighing 25–28 g (n = 11), were divided into the following groups: non-diabetic (control), 2 days of diabetes (acute) and 30 days of diabetes (chronic). The experimental groups received an intra-peritoneal injection of a single dose of 150 mg/kg STZ. At two and 30 days of diabetes the animals underwent a retro-orbital puncture, for assessment of hormonal parameters (Cortisol and insulin) and subsequently decapitated, the adrenal glands were removed, weighed and processed for light microscopy and stereology. Non-diabetic control gerbils with citrate buffer were also examined for comparison. At two days of diabetes, STZ gerbils – adrenal gland showed a significant increase in weight, accompanied by a larger cortex layer, hypertrophy of the fasciculate cells and a significant decrease in the nucleocytoplasmic index, these changes were associated with higher plasma cortisol level, compared to non-diabetic controls. At 30 days post-diabetes, cortisol level remained elevated compared to control; whereas it decreased significantly compared to the early stage of diabetes. These data indicate that, the administration of STZ involve in the small gerbil, an endocrine and metabolic dysfunction as well as structural disorders of the adrenal cortex that could be a sign of hyperactivity at the early stage of the disease and suggest a possible reduction in adrenocortical sensitivity over time.
Z Bellahreche - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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etude immunohistochimique du pancreas chez Gerbillus Gerbillus rendue diabetique par la streptozotocine
Annales D Endocrinologie, 2020Co-Authors: A Mallek, N Semiane, Z Bellahreche, Y DahmaniAbstract:Le diabete est une affection metabolique chronique caracterisee par une perturbation du metabolisme des glucides, des lipides et des proteines resultant d’un defaut de la secretion de l’insuline ou de l’action de l’insuline ou de ces deux anomalies associees. Dans le present travail, nous nous sommes interesses a l’impact de la streptozotocine sur le pancreas de la gerbille, Gerbillus Gerbillus. Pour ce faire, deux lots ont ete constitues : un groupe temoin (n = 6) recevant une injection intraperitoneale unique de tampon citrate et un groupe experimente (n = 6) recevant une injection intraperitoneale unique de streptozotocine (130 mg/kg de poids corporel). L’administration de la streptozotocine a induit une perturbation du statut metabolique se manifestant par une baisse de l’insulinemie, une hyperglycemie et une hyperlipemie. Conjointement, l’etude qualitative a revele une desorganisation de l’architecture du pancreas et une infiltration par des cellules immunitaires confirmee par l’examen immunohistochimique. En conclusion, la gerbille represente un modele potentiel pour l’etude du diabete experimental et de ses complications.
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High-carbohydrate diet-induced metabolic disorders in Gerbillus tarabuli (a new model of non-alcoholic fatty-liver disease). Protective effects of 20-hydroxyecdysone.
Archives of physiology and biochemistry, 2019Co-Authors: Hadjer Agoun, S Hammadi, Z Bellahreche, Ali Khalkhal, Nesrine Semiane, Aicha Mallek, Maha Madjerab, Mohamed Abdlalli, Y DahmaniAbstract:The aim of our study was to reveal the effects of long-term consumption of a high-carbohydrate diet (HCD) on metabolic dysfunctions and histopathological liver alterations in Gerbillus tarabuli, as...
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Hyperactivation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical axis in streptozotocin-diabetic gerbils (Gerbillus Gerbillus)
International journal of experimental pathology, 2018Co-Authors: S Hammadi, Z Bellahreche, Hadjer Agoun, Ali Khalkhal, Owen Chan, Mohamed Abdellali, Maha Medjerab, Y DahmaniAbstract:This study was designed to investigate the HPA-axis impairment in the streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic gerbils (Gerbillus Gerbillus). Twenty-six male gerbils (body weight ~27 g) were divided into 3 groups: vehicle control (n = 10), 2 days of diabetes (n = 09) and 30 days of diabetes (n = 07). The latter 2 groups received an intraperitoneal injection of STZ (150 mg/kg of body weight). At 2 and 30 days of diabetes, streptozotocin-diabetic gerbils underwent a retro-orbital puncture for assessment of biochemical and hormonal parameters. Subsequently the animals were decapitated and the adrenal glands were removed, weighed and processed for light microscopy and stereology. Nondiabetic control gerbils that had been injected with citrate buffer were examined as a comparison. At 2 days of diabetes, STZ gerbils exhibited symptoms that are characteristic of human diabetes type 1. The adrenal gland showed significant increase in weight, associated with a larger cortex layer, hypertrophy of the fasciculate cells and a significant decrease in the nucleocytoplasmic index. These changes were associated with higher plasma ACTH and cortisol concentrations compared to nondiabetic controls. At 30 days postdiabetes, ACTH levels remained elevated, whereas cortisol levels decreased compared to the early stage of diabetes. Histological analysis revealed the existence of a band of connective tissue (collagen) that separates the cortical and medullary zones and is not present in humans or laboratory rodents, which represents a striking change seen throughout the disease. STZ-induced diabetes mellitus in Gerbillus Gerbillus resulted in hyperactivation of the HPA axis in the early stages of diabetes mellitus which did not persist into the final stages of the disease, suggesting a possible reduction in adrenocortical sensitivity over time.
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Hypercortisolemia In the streptozotocin-diabetic Gerbils (Gerbillus Gerbillus)
Annales d'Endocrinologie, 2018Co-Authors: S Hammadi, Z Bellahreche, Hadjer Agoun, Ali Khalkhal, Owen Chan, Mohamed Abdellali, Y DahmaniAbstract:One of the recognized issues in diabetes mellitus research is the lack of animal models allowing the research of pathological, biochemical and genetic factors in immuno-competent animals. Our research group has successfully employed the gerbil in several studies of experimental diabetes and hypercaloric diet. In the present work, we investigate the effect of an acute and chronic pharmacologic stress, the streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetes type I, in the Gerbillus Gerbillus. In this purpose, we aimed to study the morphology of the gerbil's adrenal gland with assessment of cortisol level at two and 30 days of diabetes. Adult gerbils weighing 25–28 g (n = 11), were divided into the following groups: non-diabetic (control), 2 days of diabetes (acute) and 30 days of diabetes (chronic). The experimental groups received an intra-peritoneal injection of a single dose of 150 mg/kg STZ. At two and 30 days of diabetes the animals underwent a retro-orbital puncture, for assessment of hormonal parameters (Cortisol and insulin) and subsequently decapitated, the adrenal glands were removed, weighed and processed for light microscopy and stereology. Non-diabetic control gerbils with citrate buffer were also examined for comparison. At two days of diabetes, STZ gerbils – adrenal gland showed a significant increase in weight, accompanied by a larger cortex layer, hypertrophy of the fasciculate cells and a significant decrease in the nucleocytoplasmic index, these changes were associated with higher plasma cortisol level, compared to non-diabetic controls. At 30 days post-diabetes, cortisol level remained elevated compared to control; whereas it decreased significantly compared to the early stage of diabetes. These data indicate that, the administration of STZ involve in the small gerbil, an endocrine and metabolic dysfunction as well as structural disorders of the adrenal cortex that could be a sign of hyperactivity at the early stage of the disease and suggest a possible reduction in adrenocortical sensitivity over time.
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etude ultrastructurale de la corticosurrenale chez la gerbille Gerbillus Gerbillus soumise a une diete riche en hydrates de carbone
Annales D Endocrinologie, 2015Co-Authors: M Medjerab, N Semiane, S Hammadi, Z Bellahreche, A Mallek, Hadjer Agoun, M Abdelali, Ali Khalkhal, T Hacini, Y DahmaniAbstract:Gerbillus Gerbillus presente un interet particulier car, soumise a un stress nutritionnel, elle developpe un syndrome plurimetabolique marque par une importante obesite viscerale et des troubles metaboliques s’accompagnant de perturbations structurales et ultrastructurales des glandes surrenales. L’interet de ce travail est d’etudier les repercussions de la surcharge glucidique sur les aspects ultrastructuraux de la corticosurrenale chez les animaux soumis au regime hyperglucidique. Nos experiences ont dure 6 mois et ont porte sur 12 gerbilles de sexe mâle et femelle reparties en deux groupes : (G1 : temoins ; n = 6) : recevant une alimentation hypocalorique (branchettes, paille, carottes), (G2 : experimentes ; n = 6) : animaux soumis a une diete hyperglucidique (orge et dattes seches) correspondant a un apport calorique journalier de 22,50 Cal/animal. Au terme de l’experimentation, les gerbilles du G2 developpent une obesite, une hyperglycemie, et une insulinoresistance par apport aux animaux du G1. Conjointement, ces memes animaux manifestent des changements ultrastructuraux tres importants au niveau des trois zones (glomerulee, fasciculee et reticulee) comparativement a l’animal temoin G1. Ces changements sont caracterises par l’estompement de la membrane plasmique, l’elargissement de l’espace intercellulaire, la dilatation du reticulum endoplasmique lisse, la desintegration des mitochondries, la presence de nombreux lysosomes et une infiltration par du tissu conjonctif. Ces resultats montrent que le regime hyperglucidique induit chez Gerbillus Gerbillus des desordres endocrinometaboliques associes a des lesions ultrastructurales de la corticosurrenale.
Georgy I Shenbrot - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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ADDITIONAL RECORDS OF FLEAS (SIPHONAPTERA) ON WILD RODENTS IN THE SOUTHERN PART OF ISRAEL
Israel Journal of Zoology, 2013Co-Authors: Boris R Krasnov, Georgy I Shenbrot, Irina S. Khokhlova, Michael W. Hastriter, Sergei G. Medvedev, Valentin S. VatschenokAbstract:ABSTRACT Results, of a survey of fleas on small rodents of southern Israel conducted from 1992 to 1998 are presented. From 18 localities, 14 rodent species were sampled, yielding 14 species of fleas. Nosopsyllus iranus theodori is reported from Gerbillus Gerbillus, Gerbillus henleyi, and Mus musculus in Israel for the first time. Additional records of Coptopsylla africana in Israel substantiate the presence of this species in Israel. Other distributional records and host preferences are reported and discussed.
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Sex-biased parasitism, seasonality and sexual size dimorphism in desert rodents
Oecologia, 2005Co-Authors: Boris R Krasnov, Irina S. Khokhlova, Hadas Hawlena, Serge Morand, Georgy I ShenbrotAbstract:We investigated seasonality of gender differences in the patterns of flea infestation in nine rodent species to test if sex-biased parasitism in terms of mean abundance, species richness, prevalence and the level of aggregation (a) varies among hosts and between seasons, and (b) is linked to sexual size dimorphism. Sexual size differences were significant in both summer and winter in Acomys cahirinus, Gerbillus pyramidum and Meriones crassus , and in winter only in Acomys russatus, Gerbillus dasyurus , Gerbillus nanus and Sekeetamys calurus . Sexual size dimorphism was male biased except for A. russatus in which it was female biased. Manifestation of sexual differences in flea infestation was different among hosts between seasons. A significant effect of sex on mean flea abundance was found in six hosts, on mean flea species richness in five hosts and on prevalence in two hosts. Male-biased parasitism was found in summer in one host only and in winter in five hosts. Female-biased parasitism occurred in winter in A. russatus . Gender differences in the slopes of the regressions of log-transformed variances against log-transformed mean abundances occurred in three hosts. No relationship was found between sexual size dimorphism and any parasitological parameter in any season using both conventional regressions and the method of independent contrasts. Our results suggest that sex-biased parasitism is a complicated phenomenon that involves several different mechanisms.
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space use in wagner s gerbil Gerbillus dasyurus in the negev highlands israel
Acta Theriologica, 2000Co-Authors: Vladimir S Gromov, Boris R Krasnov, Georgy I ShenbrotAbstract:Space use of Gerbillus dasyurus (Wagner, 1842) was studied on a 1.25-ha site during 2 months.
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Does food‐searching ability determine habitat selection? Foraging in sand of three species of gerbilline rodents
Ecography, 2000Co-Authors: Boris R Krasnov, Georgy I Shenbrot, Luis E. Rios, Maria E. LizurumeAbstract:The distribution of three gerbil species in the Negev Desert, Israel differs in relation to sandy habitats. Gerbillus Gerbillus occurs in sand only, Gerbillus dasyurus lives in all habitat types except sand, Gerbillus henleyi occurs in sand at high density periods only. We hypothesized that the reason for this distribution pattern is differential ability of species to forage in sand. We tested the ability of gerbils to search for seeds in sand layers of different depths and predicted that a) G. Gerbillus will have equal search success at different sand depths, b) G. henleyi (which is twice smaller than G. Gerbillus and G. dasyurus) will find seeds in thin layers better than in deep layers, and c) G. dasyurus will successfully find seeds in the thinnest layers only. We predicted also d) that G. Gerbillus relies on olfaction for seed location, so its foraging success will be higher in searching for whole seeds than for seed kernels, whereas this will not be the case for G. henleyi and G. dasyurus. We examined the responses of the three species to odor of whole seeds vs seed kernels in Y-maze. In regards to seed depth, the search success of G. Gerbillus was significantly higher when the whole seeds rather than kernels were offered in all treatments except the control, but sand depth did not influence the search success. The search success of G. dasyurus and G. henleyi did not depend on the type of seeds offered. The search success of G. dasyurus was lower in experimental (1, 3, 5 and 8 cm sand depth) than in control (1 mm sand depth) treatments, but did not differ among most experimental treatments. The search success of the smallest G. henleyi depended on sand depth for both whole seeds and kernels. Gerbillus Gerbillus and G. dasyurus did not lose body masses in any treatment, whereas body mass changes of G. henleyi were influenced by the depth of sand in which gerbils foraged. No species demonstrated differences in response to whole seeds vs kernels in Y-maze tests.
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On the biology of Gerbillus henleyi (Rodentia: Gerbillidae) in the Negev Highlands, Israel
Mammalia, 1994Co-Authors: Georgy I Shenbrot, Boris R Krasnov, Irina S. KhokhlovaAbstract:De nouvelles donnees sur la biologie de Gerbillus henleyi dans le Negev central (Israel) sont presentees d'apres les resultats de deux annees d'observations sur le terrain. La taille et le poids, la reproduction, la mue, les ectoparasites, l'abondance, la repartition, la structure des populations selon les sexes et l'âge, la mobilite et les especes qui se trouvent avec G. henleyi sont decrits d'apres les donnees obtenues par marquage et capture-recapture de 209 individus