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Citra Lestari - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The effect of subGingival irrigation of Gambir (Uncaria gambir [Hunter] Roxb) catechin to the number of Actinobacillus Actinomycetemcomitans in the Gingival Sulcus of periodontitis mice
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry, 2011Co-Authors: Citra LestariAbstract:Periodontitis is one of periodontal disease that the main cause is bacteria, especially Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (AA). One of the treatments for these conditions can be done with subGingival irrigation using Gambir catechin (Uncaria gambir [Hunter] Roxb). Catechins are polyphenolic compounds and have antibacterial effects. Based on its advantages, a cathecin effect may decrease the amount of AA in periodontitis and help the healing. The aim of this study was to know the effect of subGingival irrigation of the Gambir catechin to the amount of AA in periodontitis mice. Twelve mice, 3 months age, 200-250 gr in weight, with the anterior Gingival sling with yarn was made for periodontitis condition. The mice were divided into four groups treatment: Treatment with aquadest, Gambir catechin I, Gambir catechin II, and chlorhexidine 0.2%. SubGingival irrigation performed after visible signs of periodontitis with 2 times daily for seven days. AA retrieval was done using paper points inserted in the Gingival Sulcus and grown in BHI agar with bacitracin 5 units/ml (modification). The number of AA was then counting with colony counters. Study result showed a significant difference (p
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the effect of subGingival irrigation of gambir uncaria gambir hunter roxb catechin to the number of actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in the Gingival Sulcus of periodontitis mice
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry, 2011Co-Authors: Citra LestariAbstract:Periodontitis is one of periodontal disease that the main cause is bacteria, especially Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (AA). One of the treatments for these conditions can be done with subGingival irrigation using Gambir catechin (Uncaria gambir [Hunter] Roxb). Catechins are polyphenolic compounds and have antibacterial effects. Based on its advantages, a cathecin effect may decrease the amount of AA in periodontitis and help the healing. The aim of this study was to know the effect of subGingival irrigation of the Gambir catechin to the amount of AA in periodontitis mice. Twelve mice, 3 months age, 200-250 gr in weight, with the anterior Gingival sling with yarn was made for periodontitis condition. The mice were divided into four groups treatment: Treatment with aquadest, Gambir catechin I, Gambir catechin II, and chlorhexidine 0.2%. SubGingival irrigation performed after visible signs of periodontitis with 2 times daily for seven days. AA retrieval was done using paper points inserted in the Gingival Sulcus and grown in BHI agar with bacitracin 5 units/ml (modification). The number of AA was then counting with colony counters. Study result showed a significant difference (p <0.05) between aquadest treatment group with Gambir catechin I, Gambir catechin II, and chlorhexidine 0.2%. But there was no significant difference between Gambir catechin I and II. The conclusion of this study indicated that subGingival irrigation of Gambir catechin I and II could decrease the amount of AA but there was no statistical difference between the two groups. This means that Gambir catechin in solutions and effervescent didn't affect the activity of a substance in it. It was shown that catechins can be used as an alternative to the condition of periodontitis.
Maurizio S. Tonetti - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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neutrophil migration into the Gingival Sulcus is associated with transepithelial gradients of interleukin 8 and icam 1
Journal of Periodontology, 1998Co-Authors: Maurizio S. Tonetti, Martin A. Imboden, Niklaus P. LangAbstract:The expression of adhesion molecules and the local production of chemotactic cytokines within the epithelium are considered to be key events in neutrophil (PMN) migration at sites of mucosal infections. In their journey toward the Gingival Sulcus, PMNs have been shown to selectively migrate through the junctional epithelium. Little, however, is known about the molecular mechanisms involved in this key process aimed at the control of subGingival bacterial plaque. This investigation describes the expression of IL-8 mRNA-positive cells and the establishment of a gradient of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) receptors within the junctional epithelium of clinically healthy gingiva. Expression of ICAM-1 and IL-8 was topographically associated with the area of PMN migration; i.e., the junctional epithelium. Levels of ICAM-1 expression increased from the basal cells toward the surface of the junctional epithelium and thus toward areas exposed to bacterial challenges. IL-8 mRNA-positive cells were also pr...
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Neutrophil Migration Into the Gingival Sulcus Is Associated With Transepithelial Gradients of Interleukin‐8 and ICAM‐1
Journal of periodontology, 1998Co-Authors: Maurizio S. Tonetti, Martin A. Imboden, Niklaus P. LangAbstract:The expression of adhesion molecules and the local production of chemotactic cytokines within the epithelium are considered to be key events in neutrophil (PMN) migration at sites of mucosal infections. In their journey toward the Gingival Sulcus, PMNs have been shown to selectively migrate through the junctional epithelium. Little, however, is known about the molecular mechanisms involved in this key process aimed at the control of subGingival bacterial plaque. This investigation describes the expression of IL-8 mRNA-positive cells and the establishment of a gradient of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) receptors within the junctional epithelium of clinically healthy gingiva. Expression of ICAM-1 and IL-8 was topographically associated with the area of PMN migration; i.e., the junctional epithelium. Levels of ICAM-1 expression increased from the basal cells toward the surface of the junctional epithelium and thus toward areas exposed to bacterial challenges. IL-8 mRNA-positive cells were also pr...
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Molecular factors associated with compartmentalization of Gingival immune responses and transepithelial neutrophil migration
Journal of Periodontal Research, 1997Co-Authors: Maurizio S. TonettiAbstract:PMN migration into the Gingival Sulcus is a tightly regulated process aimed at selectively increasing leukocyte availability at the site of bacterial plaque aggression, i.e. the superficial portion of the junctional epithelium. The evidence reviewed in this paper indicates that, besides the action of complement fragments, arachidonic acid metabolites, formyl peptides and other bacterial products, the establishment of a gradient of ICAM-1 expression across the junctional epithelium and the expression of IL-8 in its superficial layers probably represent important regulatory mechanisms leading to PMN migration into the Gingival Sulcus. Such mechanisms can be regulated by the autocrine and paracrine action of some pro-inflammatory cytokines and could possibly be initiated by specific bacteria-keratinocyte interactions. The advantage of such a redundant regulatory mechanism leading to PMN transepithelial migration is probably related to the key role of the neutrophil in the maintenance of a local host-parasite equilibrium on one side, and on the tissue injury associated with PMN persistence or random migration within periodontal tissues on the other. Several investigations are in progress aimed at identifying the initial environmental stimuli leading to PMN recruitment into the Gingival Sulcus and at further exploring the important regulatory events.
Heinrich Wehrbein - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Approximal plaque and Gingival Sulcus bleeding in routine dental care patients: relations to life stress, somatization and depression.
Journal of clinical periodontology, 2005Co-Authors: Ulrich Klages, Andreas Gordon Weber, Heinrich WehrbeinAbstract:Objectives: Previous research on relations between life stress and periodontal conditions was often based on indicators of periodontal destruction history and stimulus-specific measures of life stress. The present study was undertaken to compare patients showing different degrees of Gingival Sulcus bleeding with patients without signs of bleeding, using an instrument measuring cognitive impacts of events and assessing reported symptoms of depression and somatization. Additionally the patient groups were compared with regard to dental status and dental visiting behaviour. Analog comparisons were conducted in patients with different degrees of approximal plaque. Materials and Methods: 140 routine dental care patients attending a private dental practice were examined. Measurement devices were the Sulcus bleeding index (SBI), the approximal plaque index (API), the Dental Avoidance Scale, the Life Experience Survey (LES), the Impact of Event Scale with the subtests cognitive intrusion and cognitive avoidance, and the SCL-90-R subscales somatization and depression. Results: Patients with high API scores differed from their zero-score counterparts in dental avoidance and time since last visit only. By contrast, subjects scoring high in the SBI not only had more missing teeth and reported more dental avoidance than their zero-score counterparts but also had elevated scores in intrusive and avoidant thoughts related to a stressful event as well as in symptoms of somatization and depression. No difference was found for the measure of stimulus specific recent life events (LES). Conclusions: The results suggest that cognitive preoccupation with adverse events and the presence of somatization and depression symptoms might play a role in Gingival inflammation.
Yoshitaka Hara - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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topical application of glycyrrhetinic acid in the Gingival Sulcus inhibits attachment loss in lipopolysaccharide induced experimental periodontitis in rats
Journal of Periodontal Research, 2018Co-Authors: Akiko Takamori, Y. Yoshinaga, Takashi Ukai, Chiaki Shiraishi, Hirotaka Nakamura, Yuzo Takamori, S. Izumi, Yoshitaka HaraAbstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Attachment loss of the junctional epithelium and alveolar bone destruction are signs of periodontitis, which is mainly caused by an inflammatory response to dental plaque. Glycyrrhetinic acid (GA), a component of the licorice herb, has been shown to have important anti-inflammatory activities; however, there are no previous reports on the ability of its inhibitory effects to prevent periodontal diseases. Hence, in this study, using our experimental periodontitis model, we attempted to evaluate whether GA had an effect on the prevention of attachment loss and alveolar bone loss. MATERIAL AND METHODS Rats were intraperitoneally immunized with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The LPS group (n = 5) received 3 topical applications of 50 μg/μL of LPS followed by one application of the vehicle (propylene glycol:ethyl alcohol:phosphate-buffered saline [PBS] = 8:1:1) into the Gingival Sulcus. This protocol was repeated twice per day for 10 days. The low (n = 5) and high (n = 5) groups received topical application of LPS and 0.03% or 0.3% GA, respectively. The control group received topical application of PBS and vehicle. The rats were killed on the 10th day. Attachment loss, alveolar bone level and inflammatory cell infiltration were investigated histometrically. The formation of immune complexes and infiltration of LPS were evaluated immunohistologically. RESULTS Attachment loss, formation of immune complexes and infiltration of inflammatory cells were increased in the LPS group compared with the control group, and were completely inhibited in the low and high groups compared with the LPS group. The LPS group showed greater alveolar bone destruction compared with the control group and GA-treated groups. In addition, invasion of LPS was detected in the LPS group, was absent in the control group and was weaker in the GA-treated groups than in the LPS group. CONCLUSION In the present study, we showed that GA inhibits periodontal destruction in the rat experimental periodontitis model.
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Topical application of glycyrrhetinic acid in the Gingival Sulcus inhibits attachment loss in lipopolysaccharide‐induced experimental periodontitis in rats
Journal of periodontal research, 2018Co-Authors: Akiko Takamori, Takashi Ukai, Chiaki Shiraishi, Yasunori Yoshinaga, Hirotaka Nakamura, Yuzo Takamori, S. Izumi, Yoshitaka HaraAbstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Attachment loss of the junctional epithelium and alveolar bone destruction are signs of periodontitis, which is mainly caused by an inflammatory response to dental plaque. Glycyrrhetinic acid (GA), a component of the licorice herb, has been shown to have important anti-inflammatory activities; however, there are no previous reports on the ability of its inhibitory effects to prevent periodontal diseases. Hence, in this study, using our experimental periodontitis model, we attempted to evaluate whether GA had an effect on the prevention of attachment loss and alveolar bone loss. MATERIAL AND METHODS Rats were intraperitoneally immunized with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The LPS group (n = 5) received 3 topical applications of 50 μg/μL of LPS followed by one application of the vehicle (propylene glycol:ethyl alcohol:phosphate-buffered saline [PBS] = 8:1:1) into the Gingival Sulcus. This protocol was repeated twice per day for 10 days. The low (n = 5) and high (n = 5) groups received topical application of LPS and 0.03% or 0.3% GA, respectively. The control group received topical application of PBS and vehicle. The rats were killed on the 10th day. Attachment loss, alveolar bone level and inflammatory cell infiltration were investigated histometrically. The formation of immune complexes and infiltration of LPS were evaluated immunohistologically. RESULTS Attachment loss, formation of immune complexes and infiltration of inflammatory cells were increased in the LPS group compared with the control group, and were completely inhibited in the low and high groups compared with the LPS group. The LPS group showed greater alveolar bone destruction compared with the control group and GA-treated groups. In addition, invasion of LPS was detected in the LPS group, was absent in the control group and was weaker in the GA-treated groups than in the LPS group. CONCLUSION In the present study, we showed that GA inhibits periodontal destruction in the rat experimental periodontitis model.
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gram positive bacteria as an antigen topically applied into Gingival Sulcus of immunized rat accelerates periodontal destruction
Journal of Periodontal Research, 2013Co-Authors: F. Nagano, Y. Yoshinaga, Takashi Ukai, Takashi Kaneko, S. Nakatsu, A. Kuramoto, K. Oshino, I. Ichimura, Yoshitaka HaraAbstract:Background and objective Periodontitis is generally accepted to relate to gram-negative bacteria, and the host defense system influences its onset and progression. However, little is known about the relation between gram-positive bacteria and periodontitis. In this study, we topically applied gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial suspensions to the Gingival Sulcus in rats after immunization, and then histopathologically examined their influence on periodontal destruction. Materials and Methods Rats previously immunized with heat-treated and sonicated Staphylococcus aureus or Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans were used as immunized groups. The non-immunized group received only sterile phosphate-buffered saline. In each animal, S. aureus or A. actinomycetemcomitans suspension was applied topically to the palatal Gingival Sulcus of first molars every 24 h for 10 d. Blood samples were collected and the serum level of anti-S. aureus or anti-A. actinomycetemcomitans immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The first molar regions were resected and observed histopathologically. Osteoclasts were stained with tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP). The formation of immune complexes was confirmed by immunohistological staining of C1qB. Results Serum levels of anti-S. aureus and anti-A. actinomycetemcomitans IgG antibodies in the immunized groups were significantly higher than those in the non-immunized groups were. The loss of attachment, increase in apical migration of the junctional epithelium, and decreases in alveolar bone level and number of TRAP-positive multinuclear cells in each immunized group were significantly greater than in each non-immunized group. The presence of C1qB was observed in the junctional epithelium and adjacent connective tissue in the immunized groups. Conclusions Heat-treated and sonicated S. aureus and A. actinomycetemcomitans induced attachment loss in rats immunized with their suspensions. Our results suggest that not only gram-negative but also gram-positive bacteria are able to induce periodontal destruction.
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Gram‐positive bacteria as an antigen topically applied into Gingival Sulcus of immunized rat accelerates periodontal destruction
Journal of periodontal research, 2012Co-Authors: F. Nagano, Y. Yoshinaga, Takashi Ukai, Takashi Kaneko, S. Nakatsu, A. Kuramoto, K. Oshino, I. Ichimura, Yoshitaka HaraAbstract:Background and objective Periodontitis is generally accepted to relate to gram-negative bacteria, and the host defense system influences its onset and progression. However, little is known about the relation between gram-positive bacteria and periodontitis. In this study, we topically applied gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial suspensions to the Gingival Sulcus in rats after immunization, and then histopathologically examined their influence on periodontal destruction. Materials and Methods Rats previously immunized with heat-treated and sonicated Staphylococcus aureus or Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans were used as immunized groups. The non-immunized group received only sterile phosphate-buffered saline. In each animal, S. aureus or A. actinomycetemcomitans suspension was applied topically to the palatal Gingival Sulcus of first molars every 24 h for 10 d. Blood samples were collected and the serum level of anti-S. aureus or anti-A. actinomycetemcomitans immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The first molar regions were resected and observed histopathologically. Osteoclasts were stained with tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP). The formation of immune complexes was confirmed by immunohistological staining of C1qB. Results Serum levels of anti-S. aureus and anti-A. actinomycetemcomitans IgG antibodies in the immunized groups were significantly higher than those in the non-immunized groups were. The loss of attachment, increase in apical migration of the junctional epithelium, and decreases in alveolar bone level and number of TRAP-positive multinuclear cells in each immunized group were significantly greater than in each non-immunized group. The presence of C1qB was observed in the junctional epithelium and adjacent connective tissue in the immunized groups. Conclusions Heat-treated and sonicated S. aureus and A. actinomycetemcomitans induced attachment loss in rats immunized with their suspensions. Our results suggest that not only gram-negative but also gram-positive bacteria are able to induce periodontal destruction.
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Topical application of lipopolysaccharide into Gingival Sulcus promotes periodontal destruction in rats immunized with lipopolysaccharide
Journal of periodontal research, 2012Co-Authors: Y. Yoshinaga, Takashi Ukai, Takashi Kaneko, S. Nakatsu, Chiaki Shiraishi, A. Kuramoto, K. Oshino, I. Ichimura, Yoshitaka HaraAbstract:Yoshinaga Y, Ukai T, Kaneko T, Nakatsu S, Shiraishi C, Kuramoto A, Oshino K, Ichimura I, Hara Y. Topical application of lipopolysaccharide into Gingival Sulcus promotes periodontal destruction in rats immunized with lipopolysaccharide. J Periodont Res 2012; 47: 674–680. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S Background and Objective: The causes of periodontitis are bacteria and the host immune system, but the role of the immune system in the onset and progression of periodontal disease is still unclear. Our previous report showed that the formation of an immune complex in the Gingival Sulcus induces periodontal destruction. This study was carried out to investigate how the immune system, particularly immunization, is involved in periodontal destruction. Material and Methods: Animals immunized intraperitoneally with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were used as the immunized group. The nonimmunized group received only phosphate-buffered saline. LPS was applied daily onto the palatal Gingival Sulcus in both groups 1 d after the booster injection. Serum levels of anti-LPS IgG were determined. Loss of attachment and the level of alveolar bone were histopathologically and histometrically investigated. RANKL-bearing cells and the expression of C1qB were immunohistologically evaluated. Results: The serum levels of anti-LPS IgG were elevated in the early experimental period in the immunized group. There were significant increases in loss of attachment, level of alveolar bone and the number of RANKL-bearing cells in the immunized group. C1qB was observed in the junctional epithelium and adjacent connective tissue. The nonimmunized group showed similar findings at and after the time when the serum level of anti-LPS IgG was elevated. Conclusion: Topical application of LPS as an antigen induced periodontal destruction when the serum level of anti-LPS IgG was elevated in rats immunized with LPS. The presence of C1qB suggests that the formation of immune complexes is involved in this destruction.
Anderson S. L. Gomes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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In vivo assessment of periodontal structures and measurement of Gingival Sulcus with Optical Coherence Tomography: a pilot study.
Journal of biophotonics, 2016Co-Authors: Luana Osório Fernandes, Cláudia C. B. O. Mota, Luciana S. A. De Melo, Manuella Uilmann Silva Da Costa Soares, Daniela Da Silva Feitosa, Anderson S. L. GomesAbstract:Photonic assessment of periodontal tissue with OCT (top) in a clinical environment, showing tooth/gingiva features (bottom). There has been increasing interest on the development of clinically acceptable, more sensitive and specific methods for non-invasive diagnosis in Periodontics. In this pilot study, the performance of an Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) system in imaging periodontal structures in humans was evaluated. Gingival Sulcus depth measurements were obtained and compared with traditional probes. In total, 445 sites of 23 periodontally healthy individuals were measured by 3 instruments: North Carolina manual probe, Florida automated probe and OCT at 1325 nm. To obtain quantitative measurements from OCT images, the Gingival refractive index was also determined. Discomfort/pain perception and the duration of examinations were compared among the instruments. The analysis of OCT images allowed the identification of relevant anatomic dental and periodontal regions. The average Sulcus depth measured by OCT, 0.85 ± 0.27 mm and 0.87 ± 0.28 mm, was lower than the values obtained by manual and automated probing. Discomfort/pain were prevalent for traditional probes, which are invasive methods, than for the non-invasive OCT technique. OCT has the potential to be a reliable tool for in vivo periodontal tissues evaluation and for reproducible Sulcus depth measurements in healthy sites. Further technological advances are required to reduce the procedure time and promote evaluation of posterior oral regions.