The Experts below are selected from a list of 237 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Tibor Nadasdy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Acute Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis
Bacterial Infections and the Kidney, 2017Co-Authors: Sergey V. Brodsky, Tibor NadasdyAbstract:Acute poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis (APSGN) is the classic Glomerulonephritis related to bacterial infections and used to be the most common type of immune complex Glomerulonephritis in the past. Therefore, APSGN has been extensively studied, and we learned a tremendous amount of information about the pathogenesis of immune complex Glomerulonephritis through these studies. In recent decades, after the widespread use of antibiotics, APSGN became much less common, particularly in developed countries, and became a rare diagnosis in the average nephropathology laboratory. However, APSGN still remains a frequent form of Glomerulonephritis in third-world countries, particularly in areas where the disease occurs in epidemics. In this chapter, we review the pathogenesis, clinical presentation, renal biopsy findings, morphologic differential diagnosis, and clinicopathologic correlations of APSGN.
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staphylococcus related Glomerulonephritis and poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis why defining post is important in understanding and treating infection related Glomerulonephritis
American Journal of Kidney Diseases, 2015Co-Authors: Richard J Glassock, Tibor Nadasdy, Anthony Alvarado, Jason Prosek, Courtney Hebert, Samir Parikh, Anjali A Satoskar, John P Forman, Brad H Rovin, Lee A HebertAbstract:A spate of recent publications describes a newly recognized form of Glomerulonephritis associated with active staphylococcal infection. The key kidney biopsy findings, glomerular immunoglobulin A (IgA) deposits dominant or codominant with IgG deposits, resemble those of IgA nephritis. Many authors describe this condition as "postinfectious" and have termed it "poststaphylococcal Glomerulonephritis." However, viewed through the prism of poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis, the prefix "post" in poststaphylococcal Glomerulonephritis is historically incorrect, illogical, and misleading with regard to choosing therapy. There are numerous reports describing the use of high-dose steroids to treat poststaphylococcal Glomerulonephritis. The decision to use steroid therapy suggests that the treating physician believed that the dominant problem was a postinfectious Glomerulonephritis, not the infection itself. Unfortunately, steroid therapy in staphylococcus-related Glomerulonephritis can precipitate severe staphylococcal sepsis and even death and provides no observable benefits. Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis is an authentic postinfectious Glomerulonephritis; poststaphylococcal Glomerulonephritis is not. Making this distinction is important from the perspective of history, pathogenesis, and clinical management.
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IgG subclass staining in renal biopsies with membranous Glomerulonephritis indicates subclass switch during disease progression
Modern Pathology, 2013Co-Authors: Cheng Cheng Huang, Amy Lehman, Alia Albawardi, Anjali Satoskar, Sergey Brodsky, Gyongyi Nadasdy, Lee Hebert, Brad Rovin, Tibor NadasdyAbstract:Recent breakthrough findings revealed that most patients with idiopathic (primary) membranous Glomerulonephritis have IgG4 antibodies to the phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R). These IgG4 antibodies can be detected in the glomerular immune complexes and they colocalize with PLA2R. In secondary forms of membranous Glomerulonephritis, such IgG4 antibodies are absent or less prevalent. There are no studies addressing the IgG subclass distribution across different stages of membranous Glomerulonephritis. During a 25-month period, we identified 157 consecutive biopsies with membranous Glomerulonephritis with adequate tissue for light, immunofluorescence and electron microscopy. Of the 157 membranous Glomerulonephritis cases, 114 were primary membranous Glomerulonephritis and 43 were secondary membranous Glomerulonephritis. We compared the intensity of IgG subclass staining (on a semiquantitative scale of 0 to 3+) and the IgG subclass dominance between primary and secondary membranous Glomerulonephritis and between the different stages of membranous Glomerulonephritis. In primary membranous Glomerulonephritis most (76% of cases) were IgG4 dominant. In contrast, in secondary membranous Glomerulonephritis IgG1 was dominant in 60% of biopsies ( P =0.0018). Interestingly, in early stage (stage 1) primary membranous Glomerulonephritis, IgG1 was the dominant IgG subclass (64% of cases); in all later stages IgG4 dominated ( P =0.0493). It appears that there is an inverse relationship between the intensity of glomerular capillary IgG4 and C1q staining. In secondary forms of membranous Glomerulonephritis (heterogeneous group with low case numbers), we did not find such associations. Our data indicate that in early stage membranous Glomerulonephritis, antibody response is different from later stages, with IgG1 dominant deposits. It is possible that early on, antigens other than PLA2R have an important role, Alternately, there may be an IgG subclass switch in the antibody response with IgG4 taking over later as the dominant immunoglobulin.
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Infection-related Glomerulonephritis: understanding mechanisms.
Seminars in Nephrology, 2011Co-Authors: Tibor Nadasdy, Lee A HebertAbstract:Summary The epidemiology of infection-related Glomerulonephritis is undergoing striking changes, particularly in developed countries. The incidence of acute poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis (PSAGN) is decreasing because of the successful treatment of streptococcal infections. In contrast, because of the emergence of antibiotic-resistant staphylococcus strains, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), the incidence of Staphylococcus aureus infection-associated Glomerulonephritis (SAAGN) is on the rise. In this review, we focus on the pathogenesis of PSAGN and SAAGN, but also emphasize the clinical importance of differentiating between two major forms of infection-related Glomerulonephritis: postinfectious Glomerulonephritis (such as PSAGN) and Glomerulonephritis associated with active infection (such as SAAGN).
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Infection-related Glomerulonephritis.
Contributions To Nephrology, 2011Co-Authors: Sergey V. Brodsky, Tibor NadasdyAbstract:The epidemiology of infection related Glomerulonephritis has been changing during recent decades. With the successful treatment of streptococcal infections, the incident of classic post-streptococcal Glomerulonephritis is decreasing in most developed countries. In contrast, we see staphylococcus infection related Glomerulonephritis more frequently. Animal models reproducing these glomerulonephritides are scant, particularly because it is difficult to develop clinically relevant animal models of infection related Glomerulonephritis. Species specific immune responses as well as differences in susceptibility between species and even between animal strains make the interpretation of animal models difficult. Still, these models significantly contributed to our understanding of infection related Glomerulonephritis. This is a short review focusing on the existing animal models of infection associated Glomerulonephritis.
Lee A Hebert - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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staphylococcus related Glomerulonephritis and poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis why defining post is important in understanding and treating infection related Glomerulonephritis
American Journal of Kidney Diseases, 2015Co-Authors: Richard J Glassock, Tibor Nadasdy, Anthony Alvarado, Jason Prosek, Courtney Hebert, Samir Parikh, Anjali A Satoskar, John P Forman, Brad H Rovin, Lee A HebertAbstract:A spate of recent publications describes a newly recognized form of Glomerulonephritis associated with active staphylococcal infection. The key kidney biopsy findings, glomerular immunoglobulin A (IgA) deposits dominant or codominant with IgG deposits, resemble those of IgA nephritis. Many authors describe this condition as "postinfectious" and have termed it "poststaphylococcal Glomerulonephritis." However, viewed through the prism of poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis, the prefix "post" in poststaphylococcal Glomerulonephritis is historically incorrect, illogical, and misleading with regard to choosing therapy. There are numerous reports describing the use of high-dose steroids to treat poststaphylococcal Glomerulonephritis. The decision to use steroid therapy suggests that the treating physician believed that the dominant problem was a postinfectious Glomerulonephritis, not the infection itself. Unfortunately, steroid therapy in staphylococcus-related Glomerulonephritis can precipitate severe staphylococcal sepsis and even death and provides no observable benefits. Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis is an authentic postinfectious Glomerulonephritis; poststaphylococcal Glomerulonephritis is not. Making this distinction is important from the perspective of history, pathogenesis, and clinical management.
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Infection-related Glomerulonephritis: understanding mechanisms.
Seminars in Nephrology, 2011Co-Authors: Tibor Nadasdy, Lee A HebertAbstract:Summary The epidemiology of infection-related Glomerulonephritis is undergoing striking changes, particularly in developed countries. The incidence of acute poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis (PSAGN) is decreasing because of the successful treatment of streptococcal infections. In contrast, because of the emergence of antibiotic-resistant staphylococcus strains, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), the incidence of Staphylococcus aureus infection-associated Glomerulonephritis (SAAGN) is on the rise. In this review, we focus on the pathogenesis of PSAGN and SAAGN, but also emphasize the clinical importance of differentiating between two major forms of infection-related Glomerulonephritis: postinfectious Glomerulonephritis (such as PSAGN) and Glomerulonephritis associated with active infection (such as SAAGN).
Guowang Xu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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metabolomic identification of potential phospholipid biomarkers for chronic Glomerulonephritis by using high performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry
Journal of Chromatography B, 2007Co-Authors: Chang Wang, Sumin Zhao, Xin Lu, Guowang XuAbstract:Plasma phospholipids metabolic profile of chronic Glomerulonephritis was investigated using high performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) and principal component analysis. The plasma samples of 18 patients with chronic Glomerulonephritis, 17 patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) without renal replacement therapy and 18 healthy persons were collected and analyzed. It was found that combination of the LC/MS technique with PCA can be successfully applied to phospholipid profile analysis. The results showed that primary chronic Glomerulonephritis and CRF had phospholipids metabolic abnormality. Nineteen phospholipid species were identified as possible biomarkers in plasma samples of chronic Glomerulonephritis and chronic renal failure. Moreover, the identification of the molecular structure of the potential phospholipid markers was obtained by ESI-MS/MS experiment. It suggests that phospholipids can be used as potential biomarkers on the progress of primary chronic Glomerulonephritis.
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Metabolomic identification of potential phospholipid biomarkers for chronic Glomerulonephritis by using high performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry
Journal of Chromatography B, 2007Co-Authors: Chang Wang, Sumin Zhao, Xin Lu, Guowang XuAbstract:Plasma phospholipids metabolic profile of chronic Glomerulonephritis was investigated using high performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) and principal component analysis. The plasma samples of 18 patients with chronic Glomerulonephritis, 17 patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) without renal replacement therapy and 18 healthy persons were collected and analyzed. It was found that combination of the LC/MS technique with PCA can be successfully applied to phospholipid profile analysis. The results showed that primary chronic Glomerulonephritis and CRF had phospholipids metabolic abnormality. Nineteen phospholipid species were identified as possible biomarkers in plasma samples of chronic Glomerulonephritis and chronic renal failure. Moreover, the identification of the molecular structure of the potential phospholipid markers was obtained by ESI-MS/MS experiment. It suggests that phospholipids can be used as potential biomarkers on the progress of primary chronic Glomerulonephritis.
Robert C Atkins - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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risk of renal allograft loss from recurrent Glomerulonephritis
The New England Journal of Medicine, 2002Co-Authors: Esther M Briganti, Graeme R Russ, John J Mcneil, Robert C Atkins, Steven J ChadbanAbstract:Background Recurrent Glomerulonephritis is a known cause of renal allograft loss; however, the incidence of this complication is poorly defined. We determined the incidence, timing, and relative importance of allograft loss due to the recurrence of Glomerulonephritis. Methods A total of 1505 patients with biopsy-proved Glomerulonephritis received a primary renal transplant in Australia from 1988 through 1997. Recurrence was confirmed by renal biopsy. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to estimate the 10-year incidence of allograft failure due to recurrent Glomerulonephritis, and this incidence was compared with the incidence of acute rejection, chronic rejection, and death with a functioning allograft. Characteristics of the recipients and donors were examined as potential predictors of recurrence. Results Allograft loss due to the recurrence of Glomerulonephritis occurred in 52 recipients, with a 10-year incidence of 8.4 percent (95 percent confidence interval, 5.9 to 12.0). The type of Glomerulonephritis,...
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the incidence of biopsy proven Glomerulonephritis in australia
Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, 2001Co-Authors: Esther M Briganti, John J Mcneil, John E Dowling, Moira Finlay, Prue Hill, Colin L Jones, Priscilla Kincaidsmith, Roger Sinclair, Robert C AtkinsAbstract:Background There is limited population-based epidemiological data on renal disease. An insight into the spectrum of clinically significant Glomerulonephritis can be obtained from renal biopsy diagnoses. This is a descriptive report of biopsy-proven Glomerulonephritis within a defined population. Methods A retrospective review of the pathology reports of all native renal biopsies performed in the Australian state of Victoria in 1995 and 1997 was undertaken. Trends in the average annual age- and sex-specific incidence rates for biopsy-proven Glomerulonephritis were calculated. Comparisons were made with the incidence of end-stage renal disease due to Glomerulonephritis confirmed on renal biopsy. Results The most common glomerulonephritides in adults are IgA disease, focal glomerulosclerosis, lupus nephritis and vasculitis, and in children are lupus nephritis, focal glomerulosclerosis, IgA disease and minimal change disease. A male predominance is seen for all glomerulonephritides, except lupus nephritis, in both adults and children. An increase in incidence of disease with age, particularly in males, is seen for vasculitis and focal glomerulosclerosis. The most common glomerulonephritides on renal biopsy are reflected in the most common causes of end-stage renal disease due to Glomerulonephritis. Conclusions This review has provided population-based descriptive epidemiological data on clinically significant Glomerulonephritis. This data provides important clues for further studies relating to the identification of risk factors for the various types of Glomerulonephritis.
Esther M Briganti - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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risk of renal allograft loss from recurrent Glomerulonephritis
The New England Journal of Medicine, 2002Co-Authors: Esther M Briganti, Graeme R Russ, John J Mcneil, Robert C Atkins, Steven J ChadbanAbstract:Background Recurrent Glomerulonephritis is a known cause of renal allograft loss; however, the incidence of this complication is poorly defined. We determined the incidence, timing, and relative importance of allograft loss due to the recurrence of Glomerulonephritis. Methods A total of 1505 patients with biopsy-proved Glomerulonephritis received a primary renal transplant in Australia from 1988 through 1997. Recurrence was confirmed by renal biopsy. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to estimate the 10-year incidence of allograft failure due to recurrent Glomerulonephritis, and this incidence was compared with the incidence of acute rejection, chronic rejection, and death with a functioning allograft. Characteristics of the recipients and donors were examined as potential predictors of recurrence. Results Allograft loss due to the recurrence of Glomerulonephritis occurred in 52 recipients, with a 10-year incidence of 8.4 percent (95 percent confidence interval, 5.9 to 12.0). The type of Glomerulonephritis,...
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the incidence of biopsy proven Glomerulonephritis in australia
Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, 2001Co-Authors: Esther M Briganti, John J Mcneil, John E Dowling, Moira Finlay, Prue Hill, Colin L Jones, Priscilla Kincaidsmith, Roger Sinclair, Robert C AtkinsAbstract:Background There is limited population-based epidemiological data on renal disease. An insight into the spectrum of clinically significant Glomerulonephritis can be obtained from renal biopsy diagnoses. This is a descriptive report of biopsy-proven Glomerulonephritis within a defined population. Methods A retrospective review of the pathology reports of all native renal biopsies performed in the Australian state of Victoria in 1995 and 1997 was undertaken. Trends in the average annual age- and sex-specific incidence rates for biopsy-proven Glomerulonephritis were calculated. Comparisons were made with the incidence of end-stage renal disease due to Glomerulonephritis confirmed on renal biopsy. Results The most common glomerulonephritides in adults are IgA disease, focal glomerulosclerosis, lupus nephritis and vasculitis, and in children are lupus nephritis, focal glomerulosclerosis, IgA disease and minimal change disease. A male predominance is seen for all glomerulonephritides, except lupus nephritis, in both adults and children. An increase in incidence of disease with age, particularly in males, is seen for vasculitis and focal glomerulosclerosis. The most common glomerulonephritides on renal biopsy are reflected in the most common causes of end-stage renal disease due to Glomerulonephritis. Conclusions This review has provided population-based descriptive epidemiological data on clinically significant Glomerulonephritis. This data provides important clues for further studies relating to the identification of risk factors for the various types of Glomerulonephritis.
