The Experts below are selected from a list of 162 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Sinead Okeeffe - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
ii economic assessment for first generation Green Biorefinery gbr scenarios for an irish gbr blueprint
Biomass & Bioenergy, 2012Co-Authors: R P O Schulte, Sinead Okeeffe, Joha P M Sanders, P C StruikAbstract:Abstract Green Biorefinery (GBR) is an alternative use of grassland biomass. GBR involves applying technology to chemically and physically fractionate (split) biomass such as grass and grass silage to produce marketable products. Three GBR system models were developed in a companion paper to determine, using scenario analysis, the most technically feasible scenario for the development of a blueprint Irish GBR system. The three GBR system models were a combination of feedstock system and Biorefinery technology: Grass/silage – basic technology (GS), Silage – basic technology (S) and Silage – advanced technology (AT). The models were then assessed at different input volumes. The focus of this paper is on the development of the economic modelling component of the three GBR system models in order to identify which of the previously selected GBR scenarios is the most technically and economically viable to develop a blueprint for a first generation GBR. Six scenarios were assessed in this paper. The GS, S and AT GBR systems, at two input volume rates: medium volume and low volume. Additional scenario analyses were also carried out to investigate two possible production scenarios "No Prot" (fibre product only), and "Prot" (includes proteinaceous secondary product). Both the economic and technical scenario analyses of this paper and its companion paper suggest the most appropriate GBR systems for a first generation Irish blueprint are the combination of Silage feedstock – basic Biorefinery technology (S), at the medium input volume and both "Prot" and "No Prot" systems.
-
i technical assessment for first generation Green Biorefinery gbr using mass and energy balances scenarios for an irish gbr blueprint
Biomass & Bioenergy, 2011Co-Authors: R P O Schulte, Sinead Okeeffe, Joha P M Sanders, P C StruikAbstract:Abstract “Green Biorefinery” (GBR) could be an alternative option for using grassland biomass. GBR involves applying technology to chemically and physically fractionate (split) biomass such as grass and grass silage into marketable products. From the grass fibre fraction insulation materials can be produced. From the grass juice fraction, proteinaceous products for animal feed and lactic acid (LA) for plastic production (polylactic acid – PLA) can be produced. This paper is the first part in the analysis to develop a blueprint for a first generation Irish GBR system. The focus of this paper is on the technical aspects of developing three GBR system models and subsequent scenario analyses. The three GBR system models were a combination of feedstock system and Biorefinery technology; Grass/silage–basic technology (GS), Silage–basic technology (S) and Silage–High Tech (AT). The models, which were integrated mass and energy balances, were then assessed at the three different input volumes, to generate nine scenarios. The scenarios which required further economic analysis in a companion paper to determine their overall feasibility (technical and economic) in the development of blueprint for a first generation Irish GBR system were identified. From the technical analysis outlined in this paper six scenarios were identified which require further economic analysis. These were scenarios generated for the GS, S and AT GBR systems, at two input volume rates.
-
Green Biorefinery gbr scenarios for a two cut silage system investigating the impacts of sward botanical composition n fertilisation rate and biomass availability on gbr profitability and price offered to farmers
Biomass & Bioenergy, 2011Co-Authors: R P O Schulte, P Okiely, S T J Lalo, Sinead Okeeffe, P C StruikAbstract:Abstract In Ireland, grass is a readily available bioresource. It has previously been established that Green Biorefinery (GBR) could become a potential use of Irish grasslands, and a blueprint for a sustainable GBR industry in Ireland has been developed. The objective of this paper is to use scenario analysis to investigate the sensitivity of the profitability of the GBR blueprint to variations in grass quantity and quality as a function of botanical composition, fertiliser application, and biomass availability. As an outcome of these scenario analyses, the price the GBR can offer to farmers above their production costs (€ t −1 dry matter) was calculated. Results of the scenario analyses determined that GBR systems located in a catchment area of permanent pasture ( Lolium perenne > 60%) with annual grass yields in the range of 9–12 t dry matter (DM) ha −1 , and supplied with grass biomass with a fibre content of 500–555 g kg −1 DM and a protein content of 110–130 g kg −1 DM, were viable. The most profitable scenarios were generated when nitrogen fertiliser application was greater than 90 kg ha −1 a −1 . Biomass availability of less than 30% resulted in reduced profitability and for some scenarios resulted in a loss for both the GBR and farmer due to increased transport costs. Within the scenario assumptions of this study, grass feedstock was valued at €4–€56 t −1 dry matter above production costs. However, this value depended on the yields and biomass availability of the GBR catchment area.
P C Struik - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
ii economic assessment for first generation Green Biorefinery gbr scenarios for an irish gbr blueprint
Biomass & Bioenergy, 2012Co-Authors: R P O Schulte, Sinead Okeeffe, Joha P M Sanders, P C StruikAbstract:Abstract Green Biorefinery (GBR) is an alternative use of grassland biomass. GBR involves applying technology to chemically and physically fractionate (split) biomass such as grass and grass silage to produce marketable products. Three GBR system models were developed in a companion paper to determine, using scenario analysis, the most technically feasible scenario for the development of a blueprint Irish GBR system. The three GBR system models were a combination of feedstock system and Biorefinery technology: Grass/silage – basic technology (GS), Silage – basic technology (S) and Silage – advanced technology (AT). The models were then assessed at different input volumes. The focus of this paper is on the development of the economic modelling component of the three GBR system models in order to identify which of the previously selected GBR scenarios is the most technically and economically viable to develop a blueprint for a first generation GBR. Six scenarios were assessed in this paper. The GS, S and AT GBR systems, at two input volume rates: medium volume and low volume. Additional scenario analyses were also carried out to investigate two possible production scenarios "No Prot" (fibre product only), and "Prot" (includes proteinaceous secondary product). Both the economic and technical scenario analyses of this paper and its companion paper suggest the most appropriate GBR systems for a first generation Irish blueprint are the combination of Silage feedstock – basic Biorefinery technology (S), at the medium input volume and both "Prot" and "No Prot" systems.
-
erratum to i technical assessment for first generation Green Biorefinery gbr using mass and energy balances scenarios for an irish gbr blueprint biomass bioenergy 35 2011 4712 4723
Biomass & Bioenergy, 2012Co-Authors: S Okeeffe, R P O Schulte, Joha P M Sanders, P C StruikAbstract:DOI of original article: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.06.017. * Corresponding author. Wageningen University and Research Centre E-mail addresses: sinead.okeeffe@teagasc.ie, sinead.okeeffe@wur. 0961-9534/$ e see front matter a 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserve doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.12.015 In Table 3, under point a input volumes; HVe high volume, MV emedium volume, LV e low volume, with throughputs of 5, 2, 0.8 t DMh 1 respectively’ should read with throughputs of 5, 0.8, 0.2 t DMh 1 respectively’.
-
i technical assessment for first generation Green Biorefinery gbr using mass and energy balances scenarios for an irish gbr blueprint
Biomass & Bioenergy, 2011Co-Authors: R P O Schulte, Sinead Okeeffe, Joha P M Sanders, P C StruikAbstract:Abstract “Green Biorefinery” (GBR) could be an alternative option for using grassland biomass. GBR involves applying technology to chemically and physically fractionate (split) biomass such as grass and grass silage into marketable products. From the grass fibre fraction insulation materials can be produced. From the grass juice fraction, proteinaceous products for animal feed and lactic acid (LA) for plastic production (polylactic acid – PLA) can be produced. This paper is the first part in the analysis to develop a blueprint for a first generation Irish GBR system. The focus of this paper is on the technical aspects of developing three GBR system models and subsequent scenario analyses. The three GBR system models were a combination of feedstock system and Biorefinery technology; Grass/silage–basic technology (GS), Silage–basic technology (S) and Silage–High Tech (AT). The models, which were integrated mass and energy balances, were then assessed at the three different input volumes, to generate nine scenarios. The scenarios which required further economic analysis in a companion paper to determine their overall feasibility (technical and economic) in the development of blueprint for a first generation Irish GBR system were identified. From the technical analysis outlined in this paper six scenarios were identified which require further economic analysis. These were scenarios generated for the GS, S and AT GBR systems, at two input volume rates.
-
Green Biorefinery gbr scenarios for a two cut silage system investigating the impacts of sward botanical composition n fertilisation rate and biomass availability on gbr profitability and price offered to farmers
Biomass & Bioenergy, 2011Co-Authors: R P O Schulte, P Okiely, S T J Lalo, Sinead Okeeffe, P C StruikAbstract:Abstract In Ireland, grass is a readily available bioresource. It has previously been established that Green Biorefinery (GBR) could become a potential use of Irish grasslands, and a blueprint for a sustainable GBR industry in Ireland has been developed. The objective of this paper is to use scenario analysis to investigate the sensitivity of the profitability of the GBR blueprint to variations in grass quantity and quality as a function of botanical composition, fertiliser application, and biomass availability. As an outcome of these scenario analyses, the price the GBR can offer to farmers above their production costs (€ t −1 dry matter) was calculated. Results of the scenario analyses determined that GBR systems located in a catchment area of permanent pasture ( Lolium perenne > 60%) with annual grass yields in the range of 9–12 t dry matter (DM) ha −1 , and supplied with grass biomass with a fibre content of 500–555 g kg −1 DM and a protein content of 110–130 g kg −1 DM, were viable. The most profitable scenarios were generated when nitrogen fertiliser application was greater than 90 kg ha −1 a −1 . Biomass availability of less than 30% resulted in reduced profitability and for some scenarios resulted in a loss for both the GBR and farmer due to increased transport costs. Within the scenario assumptions of this study, grass feedstock was valued at €4–€56 t −1 dry matter above production costs. However, this value depended on the yields and biomass availability of the GBR catchment area.
-
growing grass for a Green Biorefinery an option for ireland
T Research : research and innovation news at Teagasc, 2010Co-Authors: S Okeeffe, R P O Schulte, P Okiely, C Odonoghue, S T J Lalo, P C StruikAbstract:Growing grass for a Green Biorefinery – an option for Ireland? Mind the gap: deciphering the gap between good intentions and healthy eating behaviour Halting biodiversity loss by 2020 – implications for agriculture A milk processing sector model for Ireland
Senad Novali - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
renewable resources Green Biorefinery separation of valuable substances from fluid fractions by means of membrane technology
Biofuels Bioproducts and Biorefining, 2009Co-Authors: Senad Novali, Thomas ZweckmaiAbstract:The aim of this study is to emphasize the potential of membrane technologies and the specific performance-limiting borders of pressure-driven (microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, reverse ssmosis) as well as electro-membrane (electrodialysis, electrodialysis using bipolar membranes) techniques for the separation of valuable substances from silage press-juice obtained in Green biorefineries. Depending on the product, nanofiltration can be considered a partially fractionating technique with great future potential. Electrodialysis turns out to be a suitable separation technique for removing huge amounts of salt and isolating individual valuable substances. However, residual impurities must be taken into account for subsequent separation steps. In any case, further separation processes (e.g. chromatography) must be integrated in future Green Biorefinery production plants. © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
-
Green Biorefinery separation of lactic acid from grass silage juice by chromatography using neutral polymeric resin
Bioresource Technology, 2008Co-Authors: Vu Hong Thang, Senad NovaliAbstract:The aim of this work was to recover lactic acid in undissociated form from grass silage juice. For this aim, chromatographic separation using neutral polymeric resin Amberlite XAD1600 was investigated. Up to now, there is no hint in the literatures about using neutral polymeric resin for lactic acid separation from a mixture. Important factors (flow-rate, concentration of feed and loaded volume) that affect separation performance were firstly investigated with model solutions. The obtained results showed that lactic acid solutions with the purity varying from 93.2% to 99.9% could be obtained at the recovery yields over 99.4%. After that, trials with silage juice were carried out. Due to the complex composition of the feed, the purity of products decreased to 94% at a recovery yield of 97%. Although 99% of inorganic salts and sugars were separated from lactic acid organic acids in general and acetic acid in particular caused a purity problem. It seems that organic acids could not be separated from lactic acid by neutral resin Amberlite XAD1600. Besides the organic acid problem, some amino acids were remained in the products as impurities.
-
flux and retention behaviour of nanofiltration and fine ultrafiltration membranes in filtrating juice from a Green Biorefinery a membrane screening
Journal of Membrane Science, 2005Co-Authors: W Koschuh, Vu Hong Thang, Senad Novali, Stanimira Krasteva, Klaus D KulbeAbstract:Abstract Nanofiltration (NF) of silage juice from a Green Biorefinery was investigated as a first step to purify lactic acid and amino acids which are seen as valuable products. The performances of three organic NF membranes (PES10, N30F and MPF36) as well as one ultrafiltration (UF) membrane (PES004H) were compared by experiments in a stirred batch cell. Cross flow trials with two inorganic membranes (UF Tami, NF Inocermic) completed the membrane screening. Special attention was directed to the retention of free amino acids, lactic acid, sugars, salts and colouring substances. Nanofiltration showed average fluxes of up to 6.5 L m −2 h −1 . Decolouring amounted to 80–99%. The membrane screening resulted in a recommendation for one NF membrane (PES10) with adequate specific separation properties. The UF membrane PES004H showed high transmission properties for amino acids and lactic acid in combination with noticeable specific separation properties for colouring substances.
R P O Schulte - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
ii economic assessment for first generation Green Biorefinery gbr scenarios for an irish gbr blueprint
Biomass & Bioenergy, 2012Co-Authors: R P O Schulte, Sinead Okeeffe, Joha P M Sanders, P C StruikAbstract:Abstract Green Biorefinery (GBR) is an alternative use of grassland biomass. GBR involves applying technology to chemically and physically fractionate (split) biomass such as grass and grass silage to produce marketable products. Three GBR system models were developed in a companion paper to determine, using scenario analysis, the most technically feasible scenario for the development of a blueprint Irish GBR system. The three GBR system models were a combination of feedstock system and Biorefinery technology: Grass/silage – basic technology (GS), Silage – basic technology (S) and Silage – advanced technology (AT). The models were then assessed at different input volumes. The focus of this paper is on the development of the economic modelling component of the three GBR system models in order to identify which of the previously selected GBR scenarios is the most technically and economically viable to develop a blueprint for a first generation GBR. Six scenarios were assessed in this paper. The GS, S and AT GBR systems, at two input volume rates: medium volume and low volume. Additional scenario analyses were also carried out to investigate two possible production scenarios "No Prot" (fibre product only), and "Prot" (includes proteinaceous secondary product). Both the economic and technical scenario analyses of this paper and its companion paper suggest the most appropriate GBR systems for a first generation Irish blueprint are the combination of Silage feedstock – basic Biorefinery technology (S), at the medium input volume and both "Prot" and "No Prot" systems.
-
erratum to i technical assessment for first generation Green Biorefinery gbr using mass and energy balances scenarios for an irish gbr blueprint biomass bioenergy 35 2011 4712 4723
Biomass & Bioenergy, 2012Co-Authors: S Okeeffe, R P O Schulte, Joha P M Sanders, P C StruikAbstract:DOI of original article: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.06.017. * Corresponding author. Wageningen University and Research Centre E-mail addresses: sinead.okeeffe@teagasc.ie, sinead.okeeffe@wur. 0961-9534/$ e see front matter a 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserve doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.12.015 In Table 3, under point a input volumes; HVe high volume, MV emedium volume, LV e low volume, with throughputs of 5, 2, 0.8 t DMh 1 respectively’ should read with throughputs of 5, 0.8, 0.2 t DMh 1 respectively’.
-
i technical assessment for first generation Green Biorefinery gbr using mass and energy balances scenarios for an irish gbr blueprint
Biomass & Bioenergy, 2011Co-Authors: R P O Schulte, Sinead Okeeffe, Joha P M Sanders, P C StruikAbstract:Abstract “Green Biorefinery” (GBR) could be an alternative option for using grassland biomass. GBR involves applying technology to chemically and physically fractionate (split) biomass such as grass and grass silage into marketable products. From the grass fibre fraction insulation materials can be produced. From the grass juice fraction, proteinaceous products for animal feed and lactic acid (LA) for plastic production (polylactic acid – PLA) can be produced. This paper is the first part in the analysis to develop a blueprint for a first generation Irish GBR system. The focus of this paper is on the technical aspects of developing three GBR system models and subsequent scenario analyses. The three GBR system models were a combination of feedstock system and Biorefinery technology; Grass/silage–basic technology (GS), Silage–basic technology (S) and Silage–High Tech (AT). The models, which were integrated mass and energy balances, were then assessed at the three different input volumes, to generate nine scenarios. The scenarios which required further economic analysis in a companion paper to determine their overall feasibility (technical and economic) in the development of blueprint for a first generation Irish GBR system were identified. From the technical analysis outlined in this paper six scenarios were identified which require further economic analysis. These were scenarios generated for the GS, S and AT GBR systems, at two input volume rates.
-
Green Biorefinery gbr scenarios for a two cut silage system investigating the impacts of sward botanical composition n fertilisation rate and biomass availability on gbr profitability and price offered to farmers
Biomass & Bioenergy, 2011Co-Authors: R P O Schulte, P Okiely, S T J Lalo, Sinead Okeeffe, P C StruikAbstract:Abstract In Ireland, grass is a readily available bioresource. It has previously been established that Green Biorefinery (GBR) could become a potential use of Irish grasslands, and a blueprint for a sustainable GBR industry in Ireland has been developed. The objective of this paper is to use scenario analysis to investigate the sensitivity of the profitability of the GBR blueprint to variations in grass quantity and quality as a function of botanical composition, fertiliser application, and biomass availability. As an outcome of these scenario analyses, the price the GBR can offer to farmers above their production costs (€ t −1 dry matter) was calculated. Results of the scenario analyses determined that GBR systems located in a catchment area of permanent pasture ( Lolium perenne > 60%) with annual grass yields in the range of 9–12 t dry matter (DM) ha −1 , and supplied with grass biomass with a fibre content of 500–555 g kg −1 DM and a protein content of 110–130 g kg −1 DM, were viable. The most profitable scenarios were generated when nitrogen fertiliser application was greater than 90 kg ha −1 a −1 . Biomass availability of less than 30% resulted in reduced profitability and for some scenarios resulted in a loss for both the GBR and farmer due to increased transport costs. Within the scenario assumptions of this study, grass feedstock was valued at €4–€56 t −1 dry matter above production costs. However, this value depended on the yields and biomass availability of the GBR catchment area.
-
growing grass for a Green Biorefinery an option for ireland
T Research : research and innovation news at Teagasc, 2010Co-Authors: S Okeeffe, R P O Schulte, P Okiely, C Odonoghue, S T J Lalo, P C StruikAbstract:Growing grass for a Green Biorefinery – an option for Ireland? Mind the gap: deciphering the gap between good intentions and healthy eating behaviour Halting biodiversity loss by 2020 – implications for agriculture A milk processing sector model for Ireland
Morte Irkved - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
environmental screening of potential biomass for Green Biorefinery conversion
Journal of Cleaner Production, 2018Co-Authors: Andrea Corona, Ranja Parajuli, Morte Ambyejense, Michael Zwicky Hauschild, Morte IrkvedAbstract:Abstract Green Biorefinery (GBR) is a new Biorefinery technology for the conversion of fresh biomass to value added products. In the present study, we combined a Process Flowsheet Simulation (PFS) and Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of a small scale decentralized GBR to screen environmental impact profiles for potential biomass feedstocks for GBR conversion. Furthermore, we carried out hotspot and sensitivity analysis to identify where the largest impacts arise in the biorefining stage in order to provide recommendations and focus points for GBR technology developers. The GBR considered in this study produces a protein-rich feed for monogastric animals and an energy-rich feed from the press pulp and biogas from the GBR residues. The included biomass feedstocks are: alfalfa, grass-clover, festulolium and ryegrass. These biomasses were selected to accommodate variations in central biomass characteristics like: crop yields, rate of fertilizer application, chemical biomass compositions and related potential environmental implications. Among the studied crops, alfalfa provides the best overall environmental performance due to its high yield and low agricultural input demands. Results of the hotspot analysis further identified the coagulation and the drying as the processes that induce most of the environmental impacts in the biorefining stage. Conversion of Green biomass for the production of feed and energy could provide environmental benefits compared to the production of conventional feed. However, the GBR technology have still room for optimization in order to further reduce the environmental impacts, across all impact categories, by decreasing energy consumption and increasing conversion efficiency.
-
can farmers mitigate environmental impacts through combined production of food fuel and feed a consequential life cycle assessment of integrated mixed crop livestock system with a Green Biorefinery
Science of The Total Environment, 2018Co-Authors: Ranja Parajuli, Tommy Dalgaard, Morte IrkvedAbstract:This study evaluates environmental impacts of an integrated mixed crop-livestock system with a Green Biorefinery (GBR). System integration included production of feed crops and Green biomasses (Sys-I) to meet the demand of a livestock system (Sys-III) and to process Green biomasses in a GBR system (Sys-II). Processing of grass-clover to produce feed protein was considered in Sys-II, particularly to substitute the imported soybean meal. Waste generated from the livestock and GBR systems were considered for the conversion to biomethane (Sys-IV). Digestate produced therefrom was assumed to be recirculated back to the farmers' field (Sys-I). A consequential approach of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method was used to evaluate the environmental impacts of a combined production of suckler cow calves (SCC) and Pigs, calculated in terms of their live weight (LW). The functional unit (FU) was a basket of two products "1kgLW-SCC+1kgLW-Pigs", produced at the farm gate. Results obtained per FU were: 19.6kg CO2 eq for carbon footprint; 0.11kg PO4 eq for eutrophication potential, -129MJ eq for non-renewable energy use and -3.9 comparative toxicity units (CTUe) for potential freshwater ecotoxicity. Environmental impact, e.g. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emission was primarily due to (i) N2O emission and diesel consumption within Sys-I, (ii) energy input to Sys-II, III and IV, and (iii) methane emission from Sys-III and Sys-IV. Specifically, integrating GBR with the mixed crop-livestock system contributed 4% of the GHG emissions, whilst its products credited 7% of the total impact. Synergies among the different sub-systems showed positive environmental gains for the selected main products. The main effects of the system integration were in the reductions of GHG emissions, fossil fuel consumption, eutrophication potential and freshwater ecotoxicity, compared to a conventional mixed crop-livestock system, without the biogas conversion facility and the GBR.
