The Experts below are selected from a list of 273 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
G Thorvaldsson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Growth response of seven perennial grass species to three temperature regimes applied at two Growth stages
Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B-soil and Plant Science, 2004Co-Authors: G Thorvaldsson, Ralph C. MartinAbstract:The effect of temperature on the Growth rate of shoots and roots for seven grass species was investigated in a Growth chamber experiment. The following species were tested: Alopecurus pratensis L, Deschampsia caespitosa L (PB), Festuca pratensis Huds, Festuca rubra L, Lolium perenne L, Poa pratensis L and Phleum pratense L. Plants were grown in pots in a greenhouse, then placed in three Growth Chambers (9/5, 13/9 and 17/13 day/night °C) when the seedlings were two weeks old (5–8 cm high) or five weeks old (14–37 cm high). The young seedlings responded immediately to different temperatures and grew more slowly in the colder Growth Chambers. Shoot Growth of the older plants was similar at all temperatures. Percentage of root was significantly affected by temperature at both Growth stages. The results of this experiment indicate that Growth of temperate grasses in early Growth stages is more dependent on temperature than at later stages.
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the effects of temperature on digestibility of timothy phleum pratense l tested in Growth Chambers
Grass and Forage Science, 1992Co-Authors: G ThorvaldssonAbstract:Plants were grown in pots outdoors and placed in four Growth Chambers at different temperatures (day temperatures 9, 13, 17 and 21°C) and at three different phenological stages. They were then harvested at weekly intervals for up to 6 weeks. Pots left outdoors were harvested at the same time. Digestibility was nearly constant during the 6 weeks at the lowest temperature. The rate of decline in digestibility per day, calculated from that portion of the data which was assumed to be best for such estimation, was 0·060±0·008 per cent units for each degree increase in temperature. The results indicate that the temperature effect on decline in digestibility is the same for early as for late Growth stages.
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The Effect of Temperature on Growth, Development and Nitrogen in Shoots and Roots in Timothy (Phleum pratense L.), Tested in Growth Chambers
Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B-soil and Plant Science, 1992Co-Authors: G ThorvaldssonAbstract:Abstract The effect of temperature on Growth, development and crude protein content of timothy (Phleum pratense L.) was investigated. Plants were grown in pots outdoors and placed in four Growth Chambers at different mean temperatures (8, 12, 16 and 20°C) and at three different phenological stages in order to study the interaction between temperature, development and Growth. They were then harvested at weekly intervals for up to six weeks. Pots left outdoors were harvested at the same time. The dry matter yield of shoots and roots, number of tillers per plant, plant height and crude protein content in shoots and roots were recorded.
Rainer Schuhmacher - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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preparation of uniformly labelled 13c and 15n plants using customised Growth Chambers
Plant Methods, 2020Co-Authors: Asja Ceranic, Maria Doppler, Christoph Buschl, Alexandra Parich, Kangkang Xu, Andrea Koutnik, Hermann Burstmayr, Marc Lemmens, Rainer SchuhmacherAbstract:Background: Stable isotopically labelled organisms have found wide application in life science research including plant physiology, plant stress and defense as well as metabolism related sciences. Therefore, the reproducible production of plant material enriched with stable isotopes such as 13C and 15N is of considerable interest. A high degree of enrichment (> 96 atom %) with a uniformly distributed isotope (global labelling) is accomplished by a continuous substrate supply during plant Growth/cultivation. In the case of plants, 13C-labelling can be achieved by Growth in 13CO2(g) atmosphere while global 15N-labelling needs 15N- containing salts in the watering/nutrient solution. Here, we present a method for the preparation of 13C and 15N-labelled plants by the use of closed Growth Chambers and hydroponic nutrient supply. The method is exemplified with durum wheat. Results: In total, 330 g of globally 13C- and 295 g of 15N-labelled Triticum durum wheat was produced during 87 cultivation days. For this, a total of 3.88 mol of 13CO2(g) and 58 mmol of 15N were consumed. The degree of enrichment was determined by LC-HRMS and ranged between 96 and 98 atom % for 13C and 95-99 atom % for 15N, respectively. Additionally, the isotopically labelled plant extracts were successfully used for metabolome-wide internal standardisation of native T.durum plants. Application of an isotope-assisted LC-HRMS workflow enabled the detection of 652 truly wheat-derived metabolites out of which 143 contain N. Conclusion: A reproducible cultivation which makes use of climate Chambers and hydroponics was successfully adapted to produce highly enriched, uniformly 13C- and 15N-labelled wheat. The obtained plant material is suitable to be used in all kinds of isotope-assisted research. The described technical equipment and protocol can easily be applied to other plants to produce 13C-enriched biological samples when the necessary specific adaptations e.g. temperature and light regime, as well as nutrient supply are considered. Additionally, the 15N-labelling method can also be carried out under regular glasshouse conditions without the need for customised atmosphere.
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Preparation of uniformly labelled 13C- and 15N-plants using customised Growth Chambers
2020Co-Authors: Asja Ceranic, Maria Doppler, Christoph Buschl, Alexandra Parich, Kangkang Xu, Andrea Koutnik, Hermann Burstmayr, Marc Lemmens, Rainer SchuhmacherAbstract:Abstract Background Stable isotopically labelled organisms found wide application in life science research including plant physiology, plant stress and defense as well as metabolism related sciences. Therefore, the reproducible production of plant material enriched with stable isotopes such as 13 C and 15 N is of considerable interest. A high degree of enrichment (>96 atom%) with a uniformly distributed isotope (global labelling) is accomplished by a continuous substrate supply during plant Growth/cultivation. In the case of plants, 13 C-labelling can be achieved by Growth in 13 CO 2(g) atmosphere while global 15 N labelling needs 15 N- containing salts in the watering/nutrient solution. Here, we present a method for the preparation of 13 C and 15 N labelled plants by the use of closed Growth Chambers and hydroponic nutrient supply. The method is exemplified with durum wheat.Results In total, 330 g of globally 13 C- and 295 g of 15 N labelled T. durum wheat was produced during 87 cultivation days. For this, a total of 3.88 mol of 13 CO 2(g) and 58 mmol of 15 N were consumed. The degree of enrichment was determined by LC-HRMS and ranged between 96-98 atom% for 13 C and 95-99 atom% for 15 N, respectively. Additionally, the isotopically labelled plant extracts were successfully used for metabolome-wide internal standardisation of native T.durum plants. Application of an isotope-assisted LC-HRMS workflow enabled the detection of 652 truly wheat-derived metabolites out of which 143 contain N.Conclusion A reproducible cultivation which makes use of climate Chambers and hydroponics was successfully adapted to produce highly enriched, uniformly 13 C- and 15 N-labelled wheat. The obtained plant material is suitable to be used in all kinds of isotope-assisted research. The described technical equipment and protocol can easily be applied to other plants to produce 13 C-enriched biological samples when the necessary specific adaptations e.g. temperature and light regime, as well as nutrient supply are considered. Additionally, the 15 N-labelling method can also be carried out under regular glasshouse conditions without the need for customised atmosphere.
Ulrich Heber - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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sulfate concentrations in norway spruce needles in relation to atmospheric so2 a comparison of trees from various forests in germany with trees fumigated with so2 in Growth Chambers
Tree Physiology, 1993Co-Authors: Werner M Kaiser, Andreas Dittrich, Ulrich HeberAbstract:Summary Concentrations of inorganic sulfur, organic sulfur and water-soluble cations and anions were determined in needles of young Norway spruce trees (Picea shies L. (Karst.) that had been fumigated in Growth Chambers for weeks or months with different concentrations of SO2, SO2 plus ozone, or SO2 plus NO2. Measurements were also made on needles from older trees growing in forests in various regions of Germany with different mean annual atmospheric SO2 emissions. In the fumigated young trees, sulfate accumulation in the needles was a linear function of atmospheric SO2 concentration. Little or no sulfur was incorporated into the organic sulfur fraction. The mean accumulation rate of sulfate in needles of fumigated trees was about 0.4 nmol gd,,-’ (nl ll’))’ hb’, which is very similar to the estimated rate of uptake of atmospheric SO2 calculated from mean stomata1 conductances (15 mmol mA2 s-‘) and the external SO2 concentration (the calculated rate of uptake was 0.37 nmol gd,.-’ (nl I-‘)-’ h-l). Concentrations of organic acids and other inorganic ions did not change much in response to SO2 fumigation. In needles collected from trees in south and southeast Germany, large differences in sulfate concentrations were observed that probably reflect SO2 emissions in the different regions. The highest foliar sulfate concentrations, and the highest annual increase in sulfate concentration with needle age were observed in material collected from the heavily polluted Erzgebirge (up to 12 umol gdw-’ year-‘), followed by material from the Fichtelgebirge (up to 6 pm01
Asja Ceranic - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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preparation of uniformly labelled 13c and 15n plants using customised Growth Chambers
Plant Methods, 2020Co-Authors: Asja Ceranic, Maria Doppler, Christoph Buschl, Alexandra Parich, Kangkang Xu, Andrea Koutnik, Hermann Burstmayr, Marc Lemmens, Rainer SchuhmacherAbstract:Background: Stable isotopically labelled organisms have found wide application in life science research including plant physiology, plant stress and defense as well as metabolism related sciences. Therefore, the reproducible production of plant material enriched with stable isotopes such as 13C and 15N is of considerable interest. A high degree of enrichment (> 96 atom %) with a uniformly distributed isotope (global labelling) is accomplished by a continuous substrate supply during plant Growth/cultivation. In the case of plants, 13C-labelling can be achieved by Growth in 13CO2(g) atmosphere while global 15N-labelling needs 15N- containing salts in the watering/nutrient solution. Here, we present a method for the preparation of 13C and 15N-labelled plants by the use of closed Growth Chambers and hydroponic nutrient supply. The method is exemplified with durum wheat. Results: In total, 330 g of globally 13C- and 295 g of 15N-labelled Triticum durum wheat was produced during 87 cultivation days. For this, a total of 3.88 mol of 13CO2(g) and 58 mmol of 15N were consumed. The degree of enrichment was determined by LC-HRMS and ranged between 96 and 98 atom % for 13C and 95-99 atom % for 15N, respectively. Additionally, the isotopically labelled plant extracts were successfully used for metabolome-wide internal standardisation of native T.durum plants. Application of an isotope-assisted LC-HRMS workflow enabled the detection of 652 truly wheat-derived metabolites out of which 143 contain N. Conclusion: A reproducible cultivation which makes use of climate Chambers and hydroponics was successfully adapted to produce highly enriched, uniformly 13C- and 15N-labelled wheat. The obtained plant material is suitable to be used in all kinds of isotope-assisted research. The described technical equipment and protocol can easily be applied to other plants to produce 13C-enriched biological samples when the necessary specific adaptations e.g. temperature and light regime, as well as nutrient supply are considered. Additionally, the 15N-labelling method can also be carried out under regular glasshouse conditions without the need for customised atmosphere.
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Preparation of uniformly labelled 13C- and 15N-plants using customised Growth Chambers
2020Co-Authors: Asja Ceranic, Maria Doppler, Christoph Buschl, Alexandra Parich, Kangkang Xu, Andrea Koutnik, Hermann Burstmayr, Marc Lemmens, Rainer SchuhmacherAbstract:Abstract Background Stable isotopically labelled organisms found wide application in life science research including plant physiology, plant stress and defense as well as metabolism related sciences. Therefore, the reproducible production of plant material enriched with stable isotopes such as 13 C and 15 N is of considerable interest. A high degree of enrichment (>96 atom%) with a uniformly distributed isotope (global labelling) is accomplished by a continuous substrate supply during plant Growth/cultivation. In the case of plants, 13 C-labelling can be achieved by Growth in 13 CO 2(g) atmosphere while global 15 N labelling needs 15 N- containing salts in the watering/nutrient solution. Here, we present a method for the preparation of 13 C and 15 N labelled plants by the use of closed Growth Chambers and hydroponic nutrient supply. The method is exemplified with durum wheat.Results In total, 330 g of globally 13 C- and 295 g of 15 N labelled T. durum wheat was produced during 87 cultivation days. For this, a total of 3.88 mol of 13 CO 2(g) and 58 mmol of 15 N were consumed. The degree of enrichment was determined by LC-HRMS and ranged between 96-98 atom% for 13 C and 95-99 atom% for 15 N, respectively. Additionally, the isotopically labelled plant extracts were successfully used for metabolome-wide internal standardisation of native T.durum plants. Application of an isotope-assisted LC-HRMS workflow enabled the detection of 652 truly wheat-derived metabolites out of which 143 contain N.Conclusion A reproducible cultivation which makes use of climate Chambers and hydroponics was successfully adapted to produce highly enriched, uniformly 13 C- and 15 N-labelled wheat. The obtained plant material is suitable to be used in all kinds of isotope-assisted research. The described technical equipment and protocol can easily be applied to other plants to produce 13 C-enriched biological samples when the necessary specific adaptations e.g. temperature and light regime, as well as nutrient supply are considered. Additionally, the 15 N-labelling method can also be carried out under regular glasshouse conditions without the need for customised atmosphere.
Werner M Kaiser - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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sulfate concentrations in norway spruce needles in relation to atmospheric so2 a comparison of trees from various forests in germany with trees fumigated with so2 in Growth Chambers
Tree Physiology, 1993Co-Authors: Werner M Kaiser, Andreas Dittrich, Ulrich HeberAbstract:Summary Concentrations of inorganic sulfur, organic sulfur and water-soluble cations and anions were determined in needles of young Norway spruce trees (Picea shies L. (Karst.) that had been fumigated in Growth Chambers for weeks or months with different concentrations of SO2, SO2 plus ozone, or SO2 plus NO2. Measurements were also made on needles from older trees growing in forests in various regions of Germany with different mean annual atmospheric SO2 emissions. In the fumigated young trees, sulfate accumulation in the needles was a linear function of atmospheric SO2 concentration. Little or no sulfur was incorporated into the organic sulfur fraction. The mean accumulation rate of sulfate in needles of fumigated trees was about 0.4 nmol gd,,-’ (nl ll’))’ hb’, which is very similar to the estimated rate of uptake of atmospheric SO2 calculated from mean stomata1 conductances (15 mmol mA2 s-‘) and the external SO2 concentration (the calculated rate of uptake was 0.37 nmol gd,.-’ (nl I-‘)-’ h-l). Concentrations of organic acids and other inorganic ions did not change much in response to SO2 fumigation. In needles collected from trees in south and southeast Germany, large differences in sulfate concentrations were observed that probably reflect SO2 emissions in the different regions. The highest foliar sulfate concentrations, and the highest annual increase in sulfate concentration with needle age were observed in material collected from the heavily polluted Erzgebirge (up to 12 umol gdw-’ year-‘), followed by material from the Fichtelgebirge (up to 6 pm01
