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Antti Vaheri - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Hantavirus Infection induced b cell activation elevates free light chains levels in circulation
PLOS Pathogens, 2021Co-Authors: Satu Makela, Antti Vaheri, Jussi Hepojoki, Leif C. Andersson, Luz E Cabrera, Satu Hepojoki, Carla Bellomo, Lauri Kareinen, Jukka MustonenAbstract:In humans, orthoHantaviruses can cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) or Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS). An earlier study reported that acute Andes virus HPS caused a massive and transient elevation in the number of circulating plasmablasts with specificity towards both viral and host antigens suggestive of polyclonal B cell activation. Immunoglobulins (Igs), produced by different B cell populations, comprise heavy and light chains; however, a certain amount of free light chains (FLCs) is constantly present in serum. Upregulation of FLCs, especially clonal species, associates with renal pathogenesis by fibril or deposit formations affecting the glomeruli, induction of epithelial cell disorders, or cast formation in the tubular network. We report that acute orthoHantavirus Infection increases the level of Ig FLCs in serum of both HFRS and HPS patients, and that the increase correlates with the severity of acute kidney injury in HFRS. The fact that the kappa to lambda FLC ratio in the sera of HFRS and HPS patients remained within the normal range suggests polyclonal B cell activation rather than proliferation of a single B cell clone. HFRS patients demonstrated increased urinary excretion of FLCs, and we found plasma cell infiltration in archival patient kidney biopsies that we speculate to contribute to the observed FLC excreta. Analysis of hospitalized HFRS patients' peripheral blood mononuclear cells showed elevated plasmablast levels, a fraction of which stained positive for Puumala virus antigen. Furthermore, B cells isolated from healthy donors were susceptible to Puumala virus in vitro, and the virus Infection induced increased production of Igs and FLCs. The findings propose that Hantaviruses directly activate B cells, and that the ensuing intense production of polyclonal Igs and FLCs may contribute to acute Hantavirus Infection-associated pathological findings.
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coagulopathy in acute puumala Hantavirus Infection
Viruses, 2021Co-Authors: Sirpa M Koskela, Satu Makela, Jukka Mustonen, Antti Vaheri, Tuula K. Outinen, Ilkka Pörsti, Lotta Joutsikorhonen, Tomas Strandin, Outi LaineAbstract:Puumala Hantavirus (PUUV) causes a hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), also called nephropathia epidemica (NE), which is mainly endemic in Europe and Russia. The clinical features include a low platelet count, altered coagulation, endothelial activation, and acute kidney injury (AKI). Multiple connections between coagulation pathways and inflammatory mediators, as well as complement and kallikrein-kinin systems, have been reported. The bleeding symptoms are usually mild. PUUV-infected patients also have an increased risk for disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and thrombosis.
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heterologous boosting of nonrelated toxoid immunity during acute puumala Hantavirus Infection
Vaccine, 2021Co-Authors: Tiitus Lamponen, Satu Makela, Jukka Mustonen, Antti Vaheri, Hanna Jarva, Iivo Hetemaki, Heikki J Niemi, Eliisa Kekalainen, Petteri T ArstilaAbstract:Persistence of immune memory in humans is a crucial yet poorly understood aspect of immunology. Here we have studied the effect of Puumala Hantavirus Infection on unrelated, pre-existing immune memory by studying T cell- and antibody responses against toxoid vaccine antigens of diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis in a cohort of 45 patients. We found that tetanus- and pertussis -specific IgG concentrations elevate during acute Puumala virus Infection. Increase in vaccine IgG was associated with proliferation of heterologous T cells. Interestingly, increases in tetanus-specific IgG persisted a year after the Infection while pertussis-specific IgG declined rapidly; a difference in IgG kinetics resembling the difference seen after vaccination against tetanus and pertussis. These results suggest that persistence of immune memory is facilitated by heterologous boosting of old memory during memory formation against newly encountered antigens. They also show that different toxoid antigens may be treated differently. Our study gives new insight into how immune memory formation may alter pre-existing immune memory, and also shows that heterologous immunity may have an impact on vaccination outcomes.
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Glucosuria Predicts the Severity of Puumala Hantavirus Infection
Kidney international reports, 2019Co-Authors: Johanna Tietäväinen, Satu Makela, Antti Vaheri, Paula Mantula, Tuula K. Outinen, Heini Huhtala, Ilkka Pörsti, Onni Niemelä, Jukka MustonenAbstract:Introduction Puumala Hantavirus (PUUV) causes a mild type of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome characterized by acute kidney injury (AKI), increased capillary leakage, and thrombocytopenia. Albuminuria and hematuria in dipstick urine test at hospital admission are known to predict the severity of upcoming AKI. Methods We analyzed dipstick urine glucose in 195 patients with acute PUUV Infection at hospital admission, and divided them into 2 categories according to the presence or absence of glucose in the dipstick urine test. Determinants of disease severity were analyzed in glucosuric and nonglucosuric patients. Results Altogether, 24 of 195 patients (12%) had glucosuria. The patients with glucosuria had more severe AKI than patients without glucosuria (median maximum creatinine concentration 459 μmol/l, range 78–1041 μmol/l vs. 166 μmol/l, range 51–1499 μmol/l; P Conclusion Glucosuria is relatively rare, but when present it predicts a more severe disease course in patients with acute PUUV Infection.
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indoleamine 2 3 dioxygenase activity is associated with regulatory t cell response in acute puumala Hantavirus Infection
Pathogens and Disease, 2017Co-Authors: Tuiskutuulia Koivula, Satu Makela, Jukka Mustonen, Antti Vaheri, Iivo Hetemaki, Anni Tuulasvaara, Mikko Hurme, Petteri T ArstilaAbstract:High indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) activity is associated with clinically severe acute Infection caused by Puumala Hantavirus. The immunoregulatory effects of IDO can be mediated either through metabolic control of effector T cells, caused by depletion of the essential amino acid tryptophan, or intercellular signaling and activation of regulatory T cell responses. Here, we have studied 24 patients with acute Puumala Hantavirus Infection to distinguish between these possibilities. Maximum IDO activity showed a significant positive correlation with FOXP3 expression levels in regulatory T cells, a quantitative surrogate marker for suppressive capability. In contrast, IDO activity did not correlate with the frequency of CD8+ effector cells in cell cycle. The data suggest that in Puumala Infection, the mechanism responsible for the suppressive effect of IDO is not metabolic control of effector cells but rather the signaling mediated by tryptophan breakdown products, such as kynurenine.
Jukka Mustonen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Hantavirus Infection induced b cell activation elevates free light chains levels in circulation
PLOS Pathogens, 2021Co-Authors: Satu Makela, Antti Vaheri, Jussi Hepojoki, Leif C. Andersson, Luz E Cabrera, Satu Hepojoki, Carla Bellomo, Lauri Kareinen, Jukka MustonenAbstract:In humans, orthoHantaviruses can cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) or Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS). An earlier study reported that acute Andes virus HPS caused a massive and transient elevation in the number of circulating plasmablasts with specificity towards both viral and host antigens suggestive of polyclonal B cell activation. Immunoglobulins (Igs), produced by different B cell populations, comprise heavy and light chains; however, a certain amount of free light chains (FLCs) is constantly present in serum. Upregulation of FLCs, especially clonal species, associates with renal pathogenesis by fibril or deposit formations affecting the glomeruli, induction of epithelial cell disorders, or cast formation in the tubular network. We report that acute orthoHantavirus Infection increases the level of Ig FLCs in serum of both HFRS and HPS patients, and that the increase correlates with the severity of acute kidney injury in HFRS. The fact that the kappa to lambda FLC ratio in the sera of HFRS and HPS patients remained within the normal range suggests polyclonal B cell activation rather than proliferation of a single B cell clone. HFRS patients demonstrated increased urinary excretion of FLCs, and we found plasma cell infiltration in archival patient kidney biopsies that we speculate to contribute to the observed FLC excreta. Analysis of hospitalized HFRS patients' peripheral blood mononuclear cells showed elevated plasmablast levels, a fraction of which stained positive for Puumala virus antigen. Furthermore, B cells isolated from healthy donors were susceptible to Puumala virus in vitro, and the virus Infection induced increased production of Igs and FLCs. The findings propose that Hantaviruses directly activate B cells, and that the ensuing intense production of polyclonal Igs and FLCs may contribute to acute Hantavirus Infection-associated pathological findings.
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coagulopathy in acute puumala Hantavirus Infection
Viruses, 2021Co-Authors: Sirpa M Koskela, Satu Makela, Jukka Mustonen, Antti Vaheri, Tuula K. Outinen, Ilkka Pörsti, Lotta Joutsikorhonen, Tomas Strandin, Outi LaineAbstract:Puumala Hantavirus (PUUV) causes a hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), also called nephropathia epidemica (NE), which is mainly endemic in Europe and Russia. The clinical features include a low platelet count, altered coagulation, endothelial activation, and acute kidney injury (AKI). Multiple connections between coagulation pathways and inflammatory mediators, as well as complement and kallikrein-kinin systems, have been reported. The bleeding symptoms are usually mild. PUUV-infected patients also have an increased risk for disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and thrombosis.
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heterologous boosting of nonrelated toxoid immunity during acute puumala Hantavirus Infection
Vaccine, 2021Co-Authors: Tiitus Lamponen, Satu Makela, Jukka Mustonen, Antti Vaheri, Hanna Jarva, Iivo Hetemaki, Heikki J Niemi, Eliisa Kekalainen, Petteri T ArstilaAbstract:Persistence of immune memory in humans is a crucial yet poorly understood aspect of immunology. Here we have studied the effect of Puumala Hantavirus Infection on unrelated, pre-existing immune memory by studying T cell- and antibody responses against toxoid vaccine antigens of diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis in a cohort of 45 patients. We found that tetanus- and pertussis -specific IgG concentrations elevate during acute Puumala virus Infection. Increase in vaccine IgG was associated with proliferation of heterologous T cells. Interestingly, increases in tetanus-specific IgG persisted a year after the Infection while pertussis-specific IgG declined rapidly; a difference in IgG kinetics resembling the difference seen after vaccination against tetanus and pertussis. These results suggest that persistence of immune memory is facilitated by heterologous boosting of old memory during memory formation against newly encountered antigens. They also show that different toxoid antigens may be treated differently. Our study gives new insight into how immune memory formation may alter pre-existing immune memory, and also shows that heterologous immunity may have an impact on vaccination outcomes.
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Glucosuria Predicts the Severity of Puumala Hantavirus Infection
Kidney international reports, 2019Co-Authors: Johanna Tietäväinen, Satu Makela, Antti Vaheri, Paula Mantula, Tuula K. Outinen, Heini Huhtala, Ilkka Pörsti, Onni Niemelä, Jukka MustonenAbstract:Introduction Puumala Hantavirus (PUUV) causes a mild type of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome characterized by acute kidney injury (AKI), increased capillary leakage, and thrombocytopenia. Albuminuria and hematuria in dipstick urine test at hospital admission are known to predict the severity of upcoming AKI. Methods We analyzed dipstick urine glucose in 195 patients with acute PUUV Infection at hospital admission, and divided them into 2 categories according to the presence or absence of glucose in the dipstick urine test. Determinants of disease severity were analyzed in glucosuric and nonglucosuric patients. Results Altogether, 24 of 195 patients (12%) had glucosuria. The patients with glucosuria had more severe AKI than patients without glucosuria (median maximum creatinine concentration 459 μmol/l, range 78–1041 μmol/l vs. 166 μmol/l, range 51–1499 μmol/l; P Conclusion Glucosuria is relatively rare, but when present it predicts a more severe disease course in patients with acute PUUV Infection.
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indoleamine 2 3 dioxygenase activity is associated with regulatory t cell response in acute puumala Hantavirus Infection
Pathogens and Disease, 2017Co-Authors: Tuiskutuulia Koivula, Satu Makela, Jukka Mustonen, Antti Vaheri, Iivo Hetemaki, Anni Tuulasvaara, Mikko Hurme, Petteri T ArstilaAbstract:High indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) activity is associated with clinically severe acute Infection caused by Puumala Hantavirus. The immunoregulatory effects of IDO can be mediated either through metabolic control of effector T cells, caused by depletion of the essential amino acid tryptophan, or intercellular signaling and activation of regulatory T cell responses. Here, we have studied 24 patients with acute Puumala Hantavirus Infection to distinguish between these possibilities. Maximum IDO activity showed a significant positive correlation with FOXP3 expression levels in regulatory T cells, a quantitative surrogate marker for suppressive capability. In contrast, IDO activity did not correlate with the frequency of CD8+ effector cells in cell cycle. The data suggest that in Puumala Infection, the mechanism responsible for the suppressive effect of IDO is not metabolic control of effector cells but rather the signaling mediated by tryptophan breakdown products, such as kynurenine.
Olli Vapalahti - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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long term hormonal follow up after human puumala Hantavirus Infection
Clinical Endocrinology, 2016Co-Authors: Terhi Partanen, Minna Koivikko, Paivi Leisti, P I Salmela, Eija Paakko, Ari Karttunen, Harri Sintonen, Leila Risteli, Nina Hautala, Olli VapalahtiAbstract:SummaryObjective Nephropathia epidemica (NE) is a haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) caused by Puumala Hantavirus (PUUV). Pituitary haemorrhage and hypopituitarism may complicate recovery from acute NE. Design Forty-seven of our recent cohort of 58 NE patients volunteered to be re-examined in order to estimate the burden of hormonal deficiency 4 to 8 years after the acute illness. Two patients had suffered from pituitary haemorrhage, but many others exhibited pituitary oedema during their acute Infection. In this study, we searched for symptoms of hormonal deficiency, performed hormonal laboratory screening, and most patients underwent pituitary MRI examination. Results The pituitary size had diminished in all patients in whom MRI was performed (P < 0·001). One patient with acute phase haemorrhage had made a complete recovery while the other continued to require hormonal substitution. In addition, hormonal laboratory abnormalities were observed in nine other patients; these being attributable to several reasons, for example independent peripheral hormonal diseases, side effects of medication or other secondary causes such as obesity. None of them had signs of late-onset pituitary insufficiency caused by their previous NE. Health-related quality of life (mean and median 15D score) of patients was comparable to that of age-standardized general population. Conclusions None of our patients had developed obvious late-onset hypopituitarism despite of the fact that pituitary gland can be affected during acute NE. We recommend requesting a history of Hantavirus Infection whenever the possibility of pituitary dysfunction is suspected at least in patients originating from regions with high NE Infection rate.
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age related effects of chronic Hantavirus Infection on female host fecundity
Journal of Animal Ecology, 2015Co-Authors: Heikki Helle, Eva R Kallio, Esa Koskela, Tapio Mappes, Olli VapalahtiAbstract:1. Pathogens often cause detrimental effects to their hosts and, consequently, may influence host population dynamics that may, in turn, feed back to pathogen transmission dynamics. Understanding fitness effects of pathogens upon animal host populations can help to predict the risks that zoonotic pathogens pose to humans. 2. Here we determine whether chronic Infection by Puumala Hantavirus (PUUV) affects important fitness-related traits, namely the probability of breeding, reproductive effort and mother and offspring condition, in the bank vole (Myodes glareolus). Using 9 years empirical data in a PUUV endemic area in Central Finland, we found differences between reproductive characteristics of PUUV-infected and uninfected female bank voles. 3. Young infected females had a significantly higher, and old individuals lower, likelihood of reproducing than uninfected animals during the middle of the breeding season. The implication is that PUUV Infection may have long-term deleterious effects that are observed at old age, while in young individuals, the Infection may enhance breeding probability by directing resources towards current breeding. 4. Moreover, PUUV Infection was related with the mother's body condition. Infected mothers were in poorer condition than uninfected mothers in the early breeding season, but were in better condition than uninfected mothers during the middle of the breeding season. Offspring body condition was positively associated with mother's body condition, which, in turn, was related to the PUUV Infection status of the mother. 5. Our findings indicate that chronic Infection may affect the reproduction of female hosts, but the effect is dependent on the host age. The effect of chronic Hantavirus Infection was small and density-independent and hence unlikely to contribute to the cyclic population dynamics of the host. However, the effects on a female's reproductive output might affect the abundance of young susceptible individuals in the population and hence influence the transmission and persistence of the pathogen. Although experimental and long-term capture-mark-recapture studies are required to further clarify the fitness effects of Hantavirus Infection and their consequences for pathogen dynamics, this study shows that the Infection may have complex effects that are dependent on the age of the individual and the time of the breeding season.
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pathophysiology of a severe case of puumala Hantavirus Infection successfully treated with bradykinin receptor antagonist icatibant
Antiviral Research, 2014Co-Authors: Antti Vaheri, Tomas Strandin, Anne J Jaaskelainen, Olli Vapalahti, Hanna Jarva, Marjaliisa Lokki, Jaakko AntonenAbstract:We recently described a patient with very severe Puumala Hantavirus Infection manifested by capillary leakage syndrome and shock. He was successfully treated with the bradykinin receptor antagonist, icatibant (Antonen et al., 2013). Here we report analysis of the pathophysiology which indicated pronounced complement activation, prolonged leukocytosis, extensive fibrinolysis, circulating histones, and defects in liver function. The patient had an uncommon HLA-phenotype, which may have contributed to the severe course of the disease.
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Hantavirus Infections in europe
Lancet Infectious Diseases, 2003Co-Authors: Jukka Mustonen, Antti Vaheri, Olli Vapalahti, Heikki Henttonen, Ake Lundkvist, Alexander PlyusninAbstract:Hantaviruses are enveloped RNA viruses each carried by a specific rodent species. Three Hantaviruses, Puumala, Dobrava, and Saaremaa viruses, are known to cause haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. In Europe. Puumala causes a generally mild disease, nephropathia epidemica, which presents most commonly with fever, headache, gastrointestinal symptoms, impaired renal function, and blurred vision, whereas Dobrava Infections often also have haemorrhagic complications. There are few available data about the clinical picture of confirmed Saaremaa Infections, but epidemiological evidence suggests that it is less pathogenic than Dobrava, and that Saaremaa Infections are more similar to nephropathia epidemica caused by Puumala. Along with its rodent host, the bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus), Puumala is reported throughout most of Europe (excluding the Mediterranean region), whereas Dobrava, carried by the yellow-necked mouse (Apodemus flavicollis), and Saaremaa, carried by the striped field mouse (Apodemus agrarius), are reported mainly in eastern and central Europe. The diagnosis of acute Hantavirus Infection is based on the detection of virus-specific IgM. Whereas Puumala is distinct, Dobrava and Saaremaa are genetically and antigenically very closely related and were previously thought to be variants of the same virus. Typing of a specific Hantavirus Infection requires neutralisation antibody assays or reverse transcriptase PCR and sequencing.
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patterns of puumala virus Infection in finland
Eurosurveillance, 2003Co-Authors: Angela M C Rose, Olli Vapalahti, O Lyytikainen, P NuortiAbstract:Puumala Hantavirus Infection is prevalent throughout most of Europe, and in endemic areas it may be the most common cause of acute renal failure. To evaluate trends in incidence of Puumala virus Infections in Finland, we analysed national surveillance data in 12-month periods from March 1995 to February 2002. During this time, 8184 laboratory-confirmed cases were notified to the National Infectious Disease Register. Three epidemic periods were identified, for which the number of cases was more than 1400 (there were approximately 600-900 cases per non-epidemic period). The incidence of Puumala Hantavirus Infection varied by geographic region during the study period, and the overall number of cases may be increasing.
Satu Makela - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Hantavirus Infection induced b cell activation elevates free light chains levels in circulation
PLOS Pathogens, 2021Co-Authors: Satu Makela, Antti Vaheri, Jussi Hepojoki, Leif C. Andersson, Luz E Cabrera, Satu Hepojoki, Carla Bellomo, Lauri Kareinen, Jukka MustonenAbstract:In humans, orthoHantaviruses can cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) or Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS). An earlier study reported that acute Andes virus HPS caused a massive and transient elevation in the number of circulating plasmablasts with specificity towards both viral and host antigens suggestive of polyclonal B cell activation. Immunoglobulins (Igs), produced by different B cell populations, comprise heavy and light chains; however, a certain amount of free light chains (FLCs) is constantly present in serum. Upregulation of FLCs, especially clonal species, associates with renal pathogenesis by fibril or deposit formations affecting the glomeruli, induction of epithelial cell disorders, or cast formation in the tubular network. We report that acute orthoHantavirus Infection increases the level of Ig FLCs in serum of both HFRS and HPS patients, and that the increase correlates with the severity of acute kidney injury in HFRS. The fact that the kappa to lambda FLC ratio in the sera of HFRS and HPS patients remained within the normal range suggests polyclonal B cell activation rather than proliferation of a single B cell clone. HFRS patients demonstrated increased urinary excretion of FLCs, and we found plasma cell infiltration in archival patient kidney biopsies that we speculate to contribute to the observed FLC excreta. Analysis of hospitalized HFRS patients' peripheral blood mononuclear cells showed elevated plasmablast levels, a fraction of which stained positive for Puumala virus antigen. Furthermore, B cells isolated from healthy donors were susceptible to Puumala virus in vitro, and the virus Infection induced increased production of Igs and FLCs. The findings propose that Hantaviruses directly activate B cells, and that the ensuing intense production of polyclonal Igs and FLCs may contribute to acute Hantavirus Infection-associated pathological findings.
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coagulopathy in acute puumala Hantavirus Infection
Viruses, 2021Co-Authors: Sirpa M Koskela, Satu Makela, Jukka Mustonen, Antti Vaheri, Tuula K. Outinen, Ilkka Pörsti, Lotta Joutsikorhonen, Tomas Strandin, Outi LaineAbstract:Puumala Hantavirus (PUUV) causes a hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), also called nephropathia epidemica (NE), which is mainly endemic in Europe and Russia. The clinical features include a low platelet count, altered coagulation, endothelial activation, and acute kidney injury (AKI). Multiple connections between coagulation pathways and inflammatory mediators, as well as complement and kallikrein-kinin systems, have been reported. The bleeding symptoms are usually mild. PUUV-infected patients also have an increased risk for disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and thrombosis.
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heterologous boosting of nonrelated toxoid immunity during acute puumala Hantavirus Infection
Vaccine, 2021Co-Authors: Tiitus Lamponen, Satu Makela, Jukka Mustonen, Antti Vaheri, Hanna Jarva, Iivo Hetemaki, Heikki J Niemi, Eliisa Kekalainen, Petteri T ArstilaAbstract:Persistence of immune memory in humans is a crucial yet poorly understood aspect of immunology. Here we have studied the effect of Puumala Hantavirus Infection on unrelated, pre-existing immune memory by studying T cell- and antibody responses against toxoid vaccine antigens of diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis in a cohort of 45 patients. We found that tetanus- and pertussis -specific IgG concentrations elevate during acute Puumala virus Infection. Increase in vaccine IgG was associated with proliferation of heterologous T cells. Interestingly, increases in tetanus-specific IgG persisted a year after the Infection while pertussis-specific IgG declined rapidly; a difference in IgG kinetics resembling the difference seen after vaccination against tetanus and pertussis. These results suggest that persistence of immune memory is facilitated by heterologous boosting of old memory during memory formation against newly encountered antigens. They also show that different toxoid antigens may be treated differently. Our study gives new insight into how immune memory formation may alter pre-existing immune memory, and also shows that heterologous immunity may have an impact on vaccination outcomes.
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Glucosuria Predicts the Severity of Puumala Hantavirus Infection
Kidney international reports, 2019Co-Authors: Johanna Tietäväinen, Satu Makela, Antti Vaheri, Paula Mantula, Tuula K. Outinen, Heini Huhtala, Ilkka Pörsti, Onni Niemelä, Jukka MustonenAbstract:Introduction Puumala Hantavirus (PUUV) causes a mild type of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome characterized by acute kidney injury (AKI), increased capillary leakage, and thrombocytopenia. Albuminuria and hematuria in dipstick urine test at hospital admission are known to predict the severity of upcoming AKI. Methods We analyzed dipstick urine glucose in 195 patients with acute PUUV Infection at hospital admission, and divided them into 2 categories according to the presence or absence of glucose in the dipstick urine test. Determinants of disease severity were analyzed in glucosuric and nonglucosuric patients. Results Altogether, 24 of 195 patients (12%) had glucosuria. The patients with glucosuria had more severe AKI than patients without glucosuria (median maximum creatinine concentration 459 μmol/l, range 78–1041 μmol/l vs. 166 μmol/l, range 51–1499 μmol/l; P Conclusion Glucosuria is relatively rare, but when present it predicts a more severe disease course in patients with acute PUUV Infection.
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indoleamine 2 3 dioxygenase activity is associated with regulatory t cell response in acute puumala Hantavirus Infection
Pathogens and Disease, 2017Co-Authors: Tuiskutuulia Koivula, Satu Makela, Jukka Mustonen, Antti Vaheri, Iivo Hetemaki, Anni Tuulasvaara, Mikko Hurme, Petteri T ArstilaAbstract:High indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) activity is associated with clinically severe acute Infection caused by Puumala Hantavirus. The immunoregulatory effects of IDO can be mediated either through metabolic control of effector T cells, caused by depletion of the essential amino acid tryptophan, or intercellular signaling and activation of regulatory T cell responses. Here, we have studied 24 patients with acute Puumala Hantavirus Infection to distinguish between these possibilities. Maximum IDO activity showed a significant positive correlation with FOXP3 expression levels in regulatory T cells, a quantitative surrogate marker for suppressive capability. In contrast, IDO activity did not correlate with the frequency of CD8+ effector cells in cell cycle. The data suggest that in Puumala Infection, the mechanism responsible for the suppressive effect of IDO is not metabolic control of effector cells but rather the signaling mediated by tryptophan breakdown products, such as kynurenine.
Huaiyu Tian - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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landscape and rodent community composition are associated with risk of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in two cities in china 2006 2013
BMC Infectious Diseases, 2018Co-Authors: Hong Xiao, Xin Tong, Ru Huang, Lidong Gao, Hongwei Gao, Pai Zheng, Huisuo Yang, Zheng Y X Huang, Hua Tan, Huaiyu TianAbstract:Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is a rodent-borne disease caused by Hantaviruses. Landscape can influence the risk of Hantavirus Infection for humans, mainly through its effect on rodent community composition and distribution. It is important to understand how landscapes influence population dynamics for different rodent species and the subsequent effect on HFRS risk. To determine how rodent community composition influenced human Hantavirus Infection, we monitored rodent communities in the prefecture-level cities of Loudi and Shaoyang, China, from 2006 to 2013. Land use data were extracted from satellite images and rodent community diversity was analyzed in 45 trapping sites, in different environments. Potential contact matrices, determining how rodent community composition influence HFRS Infection among different land use types, were estimated based on rodent community composition and environment type for geo-located HFRS cases. Apodemus agrarius and Rattus norvegicus were the predominant species in Loudi and Shaoyang, respectively. The major risk of HFRS Infection was concentrated in areas with cultivated land and was associated with A. agrarius, R. norvegicus, and Rattus flavipectus. In urban areas in Shaoyang, Mus musculus was related to risk of Hantavirus Infection. Landscape features and rodent community dynamics may affect the risk of human Hantavirus Infection. Results of this study may be useful for the development of HFRS prevention initiatives that are customized for regions with different geographical environments.
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Hantavirus Infection in rodents and haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in shaanxi province china 1984 2012
Epidemiology and Infection, 2015Co-Authors: Huaiyu Tian, Jing Wei, Zhao Wang, Sen Zhou, Jianhua Dong, Jingjun WangAbstract:SUMMARY The transmission of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is deeply influenced by the reservoir and Hantavirus prevalence rate. In this study, a surveillance on human HFRS cases, relative rodent abundance, and Hantavirus Infection prevalence was conducted in Shaanxi province, China, during 1984–2012. A generalized linear model with Poisson-distributed residuals and a log link was used to quantify the relationship between reservoir, virus and HFRS cases. The result indicated that there was a significant association of HFRS incidence with relative rodent density and the prevalence rate. This research provides evidence that the changes of Infection prevalence in the reservoir could lead directly to the emergence of a new epidemic. It was concluded that the measurement of a number of these variables could be used in disease surveillance to give useful advance warning of potential disease epidemics.
