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Paul Baker - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Using the Termiticide Transport ® 50 WP to Control Subterranean Termites around Structures in Southern Arizona
2015Co-Authors: Paul Baker, Ruben MarchoskyAbstract:The critical features needed for long-standing structural protection against subterranean termites are chemical efficacy and stability of termiticides. Federal regulations concerning minimum product performance of termiticide treatments stress the importance of field-testing existing and candidate termiticides. Field tests are designed to simulate typical application conditions and provide the regulated community non-penetration data. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the termiticide Transport ® in terms of providing structural protection and consumer satisfaction against Heterotermes aureus. Five residential structures were selected in Tucson for the study. None of the homes had undergone any treatment for termites within 12 months and all were of one construction type, frame stucco with slab foundations. The effectiveness of the termiticide Transport ® in controlling Heterotermes aureus based on the five homes was very good. Termites were cleared in under a month when inspections were performed. Standard difficulties were encounter in gaining access to structures for inspections. Coordination with homeowners varied greatly and required persistence by the inspectors
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Survivability of the Subterranean Termite Heterotermes aureus (Snyder) (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) When Exposure to Different Temperatures and Relative Humidity
2006Co-Authors: Brian Weeks, Paul BakerAbstract:Survivability of Heterotermes aureus (Snyder) was tested under varying temperature and relative humidity regimes in laboratory incubators over seven day periods. Initial tests showed that RH had a strong influence on H. aureus survival. Survival was significantly higher (P
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survivability of the subterranean termite Heterotermes aureus snyder isoptera rhinotermitidae when exposure to different temperatures and relative humidity
2006Co-Authors: Brian Weeks, Paul BakerAbstract:Survivability of Heterotermes aureus (Snyder) was tested under varying temperature and relative humidity regimes in laboratory incubators over seven day periods. Initial tests showed that RH had a strong influence on H. aureus survival. Survival was significantly higher (P<.05) at 90% RH than 50% RH when held at a constant temperature of 29.4 o C. Four temperatures were tested at a constant RH of 90%. Survival was highest at temperatures of 19.4 o C (91.8%) and 21.1 o C (97.3%). Survival was significantly lower for the higher ranger temperatures of 29.4 o C (91.2%) and 32.2 o C (69.2%).
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Subterranean Termite (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) Mortality Due to Entomopathogenic Nematodes (Nematoda:Steinernematidae, Heterorhabditidae)
Turfgrass Landscape and Urban IPM Research Summary, 2004Co-Authors: Brian Weeks, Paul BakerAbstract:Two species of entomopathogenic nematode were studied in terms of their survivability, detectability by the subterranean termite Heterotermes aureus, and their ability to induce mortality in H. aureus. Heterorhabdidtis bacteriophora (Poinar) and Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser) are nematodes sold commercially as a means of biological control for termites. We used a laboratory method to determine how effective these nematode species might be under field conditions. Tests showed a difference in the survivability between nematode species and also ability to kill termites. It was also shown that H. aureus had no ability to detect either nematode species when given a choice between arenas infested with nematodes and not. Though nematodes might have some limited capacity for termite control, those considering using nematodes to control Heterotermes aureus may want to consider the species of nematode before making a purchase.
Michael Lenz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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uber zwischenformen bei der kastenbildung von kalotermesflavicollis f und Heterotermes indicola wasm kalotermitidae rhinotermitidae 1
Journal of Applied Entomology, 2009Co-Authors: Michael LenzAbstract:On the occurrence of intercastes in Kalotermes flavicollis (F.) und Heterotermes indicola (Wasm.) (Kalotermitidae, Rhinotermitidae). The occurrence of intercastes in the both termite species is described. In both cases the intercastes (pseudoimagines) showed well developed dark complex eyes but only small wing pads.
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Über die Ursache der abschreckenden Wirkung von Kiefernholz auf Termiten
Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie, 2009Co-Authors: Günther Becker, Hans-joachim Petrowitz, Michael LenzAbstract:Causes of repellent effect of pine wood on termites. Of the water-soluble pine wood extractives occurring at low quantities, i. e. the ketones camphor and 2.5-hexanedion and the aldehyde furfural, the 2 ketones have attracting, the aldehyde repellent effects on the Rhinotermitid species Heterotermes indicola (Wasmann). The aldehyde compound repells also other termite species. It may be assumed that in pine wood furfural is responsible for the repellency. Individual termite species react differently to furfural. Zusammenfassung Von den in Kiefernholz in geringer Menge vorkommenden wasserloslichen Verbindungen, den Ketonen Campher und 2,5-Hexandion und dem Aldehyd Furfural, haben die beiden Ketone eine anlockende, der Aldehyd eine abschreckende Wirkung fur die Rhinotermitiden art Heterotermes indicola (Wasmann). Die Aldehyd-Verbindung wirkt auch auf andere Termitenarten abschreckend. Es liegt nahe anzunehmen, das Furfural der Stoff ist, der die von Kiefernholz ausgehende Repellent-Wirkung erzeugt. In der Reaktion auf Furfural bestehen Unterschiede zwischen einzelnen Termiten-Arten.
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Einfluß von Moderfäulepilzen in Holz auf Fraßtätigkeit, Galeriebau und Entwicklung einiger Termiten-Arten
Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie, 2009Co-Authors: Günther Becker, Michael LenzAbstract:Abstract Effects of soft rot fungi in wood on the feeding, gallery building and development of some termites species The effects of soft rot attack of red beech and pine sapwood on termites were determined after 4, 8 and 16 weeks of soft rot development of the species Fusarium aquaeductum, Glenospora graphii, Humicola grisea, Myrothecium verrucaria, Petriella setifera, Phialophora aurantiaca, Sclerophoma pityophila, and Trichurus spiralis (Fungi imperfecti and Ascomycetes). The termite species used were Heterotermes indicola (Wasmann), Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar) with 2 different races, Coptotermes amanii (Sjostedt), and Nasutitermes nigriceps (Haldemann). It was studied whether the termites were attracted or repelled by the attacked wood or whether they avoided it. Their feeding and gallery building activities as well as their caste development were likewise observed. The results differed with regard to the termite, fungal and wood species and also with regard to the length of fungal development. Glenospora graphii and Fusarium aquaeductum had the most stimulating effects on the termites' feeding activity. At the same time the Glenospora species showed toxic effects on Heterotermes indicola, however. Sclerophoma pityophila, Trichurus spiralis and Myrothecium verrucaria had in many cases adverse effects on the termites' activity. Even in the most favourable cases the stimulating and beneficial effects of the soft rot fungi on the termites were smaller than those of the most effective brown rot Basidiomycetes tested so far. For culturing termites these fungi should therefore be preferred. In nature they are probably also more important. Zusammenfassung Der Einflus eines Befalls von Rotbuchenholz und Kiefernsplintholz durch Moderfaulepilze auf Termiten wurde nach 4-, 8- und 16 wochiger Entwicklungszeit der Arten Fusarium aquaeductum, Glenospora graphii, Humicola grisea, Myrothecium verrucaria, Petriella setifera, Phialophora aurantiaca, Sclerophoma pityophila und Trichurus spiralis (Fungi imperfecti und Ascomycetes) gepruft. Die verwendeten Termitenarten waren Heterotermes indicola (Wasmann), Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar) mit 2 verschiedenen Rassen, Coptotermes amanii (Sjostedt) und Nasutitermes nigriceps (Haldemann). Es wurden das sich in Anlockung oder Abschreckung und Meiden ausernde Verhalten der Termiten, ihre Fras- und Galeriebau-Tatigkeit sowie die Kastenentwicklung untersucht. Die Ergebnisse waren fur die einzelnen Termiten-, Pilz- und Holzarten sowie fur die Pilzeinwirkungszeiten verschieden. Glenospora graphii und Fusarium aquaeductum regten den Fras am starksten an. Die Glenospora-Art wirkte aber gleichzeitig toxisch auf Heterotermes indicola. Sclerophoma pityophila, Trichurus spiralis und Myrothecium verrucaria hatten vielfach einen ungunstigen Einflus auf die Aktivitat der Termiten. Auch in den gunstigsten Fallen war die stimulierende und fordernde Wirkung der verwendeten Moderfaulepilze auf die Termiten geringer als bei den bestwirksamen der bisher gepruften Braunfaule-Basidiomyceten. Diese sind daher fur Zwecke der Termitenzucht zu bevorzugen und wahrscheinlich auch in der Natur von groserer Bedeutung.
Rudolf H Scheffrahn - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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West Indian Subterranean Termite, Heterotermessp.
2015Co-Authors: Insecta Isoptera Rhinotermitidae, Rudolf H ScheffrahnAbstract:Heterotermes is a structure-infesting termite genus that accounts for a significant proportion of the damage attributed to subterranean termites wherever it occurs. Three species have been reported from the West Indie
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Phylogenetic relationships between Cthulhu, Cthylla, environmental sequences, and closely related parabasalians.
2013Co-Authors: Erick R. James, Rudolf H Scheffrahn, Noriko Okamoto, Fabien Burki, Patrick J. KeelingAbstract:Bayesian tree with posterior probabilities (upper) and maximum likelihood bootstraps (lower) indicated for each node, and major identified groups named to the right. Cthulhu and Cthylla are both related to unidentified environmental sequences from Heterotermes tenuis and Reticulitermes chinensis, respectively. They are all closely related to a large clade of unidentified environmental sequences from Cryptotermes, Glyptotermes, and Calcaritermes, which has previously been hypothesized to represent Tricercomitus. If true, then Cthulhu and Cthylla would be best considered members of the Tricercomitidae, thought this will depend on molecular characterization for this group.
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Molecular Phylogeny and Biogeography of Heterotermes (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) in the West Indies
Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 2004Co-Authors: Allen L. Szalanski, Rudolf H Scheffrahn, James W. Austin, Jan KrecekAbstract:A phylogenetic analysis of Heterotermes from 63 locations in the West Indies and associated mainland is presented based on the DNA sequence of a portion of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene. Maximum parsimony analysis of the aligned Heterotermes species and the outgroup taxa resulted in a consensus tree with five distinct West Indian groups. Morphological characters and geographical distribution supported the resulting clades, which were given the following taxonomic assignments: Heterotermes cardini (Bahamas and Cuba); Heterotermes sp. (Bonaire, FL; Grand Cayman; Grand Turk; Jamaica; and St. Barthelemy), Heterotermes convexinotatus (Antigua, Barbados, Curacao, Dominican Republic, Martinique, Puerto Rico, St. Kitts, St. Maarten, Venezuela, and Virgin Island), and Heterotermes tenuis (Lesser Antilles except Barbados and Martinique, Ecuador, and Suriname). The Florida Heterotermes sp. is a known nonendemic population, whereas those on Barbados, Grand Cayman, Grand Turk, Martinique, St. Barthelemy, and elsewhere may harbor or consist solely of nonendemic populations.
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Control of subterranean termite populations at San Cristóbal and El Morro, San Juan National Historic Site
Journal of Cultural Heritage, 2002Co-Authors: Paul M. Ban, Rudolf H ScheffrahnAbstract:Abstract Populations of Coptotermes havilandi and Heterotermes sp. were detected in soil and structures of San Cristobal and El Morro of the San Juan National Historic Site. This was the first record of C . havilandi in Puerto Rico. Baits containing a chitin synthesis inhibitor, hexaflumuron, were applied using in-ground and aboveground bait stations. It took 2–8 months to eliminate three populations of C . havilandi , but 13–15 months were required to eliminate four populations of Heterotermes sp. Due to the vast area of the San Juan National Historic Site, there are probably many more unseen populations of subterranean termites. There is a need for a routine monitoring program for early detection of subterranean termite infestations so that baits can be applied to eliminate detectable populations before severe and irreversible damage occurs to this historic site.
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A New Subterranean Termite Introduced to Florida: Heterotermes Froggatt (Rhinotermitidae: Heterotermitinae) Established in Miami
The Florida Entomologist, 1995Co-Authors: Rudolf H ScheffrahnAbstract:On 3 January 1995, we were asked to identify termites collected on 30 December 1994 from a house in Miami. The sample, a termite-infested board and attached nest material (carton) contained thousands of workers and hundreds of soldiers and young brachypterous nymphs. We were struck by their small size and recognized the soldiers as Heterotermes which are characterized by their slender and straight mandibles in contrast to the relatively thick, curved mandibles of the native Reticulitermes spp. [Fig. 1; also see Mathews (1977) for character diagnosis of Heterotermes]. The specimens more or less fit the brief description of H. convexinotatus (Snyder 1924), a widely reported northern Neotropical species (Araujo 1977). However, the taxonomic status of Heterotermes in this region is vague and in need of revision, therefore, we have not as yet assigned a species name to this find. On 12 January 1995, we inspected the infested property, a small, older single-family house located 0.6 km east of Interstate Highway 95 and 0.3 km north of Interstate Highway 195 in the "Little Haiti" district of Miami. The Heterotermes infestation was centered in a room addition which was under construction on the north side of the house. The addition consisted of concrete-block walls opening without a ceiling to a covered wood-truss roof. We observed extensive drywood termite damage to the roof rafters of the original house. The floor area of the addition was unfinished, consisting of fill sand on bare soil. The sand completely or partially buried numerous plywood and solid lumber scraps. Additional scraps were scattered or stacked near the former north wall of the original house. Although conditions were dry, nearly all wood scraps were under some degree of Heterotermes attack. Foraging tubes criss-crossed the surfaces of some of the wood. Fist-size pieces of carton were attached to the older damaged wood. No foraging tubes were observed on any of the structure itself. The condition of the infestation and large numbers of brachypterous nymphs indicated that it had been active for years and had likely undergone one or more annual reproductive dispersal cycles. Our suspicion that additional colonies were established in the neighborhood were confirmed on 30 March 1995 when several soldiers and workers were collected by a pest control operator from a warehouse located about 300 m ENE from the original site. Unlike the original site, the warehouse showed many signs of above-ground for-
Günther Becker - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Termiten im Regenwald des Magdalenenstromtals in Kolumbien
Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie, 2009Co-Authors: Günther BeckerAbstract:Termites in the rain-forest of the river Magdalena in Columbia. In a rain-forest area of Columbia between the rivers Magdalena, Carare and Opon the following termite species were collected: Heterotermes tenuis (Hagen), Coptotermes niger Snyder, Coptotermes testaceus (L.), Microcerotermes exiguus (Hagen), Termes panamaensis (Snyder), Syntermes spec., Nasutitermes columbicus (Holmgren), Nasutitermes ephratae (Holmgren), Armitermes albidus (Hagen), Armitermes neotenicus Holmgren. Most frequently found were Microcerotermes exiguus and Nasutitermes columbicus, followed by Nasutitermes ephratae, Coptotermes niger and Termes panamaensis. C. niger occurs often in the interior of living trees up to a height of 10 m, especially in Goupia glabra (Saino), Humiriastrum colombianum (Aceituno) and Xylopia spec. (Escobillo). On the Caribbean coast Heterotermes tenuis and Nasutitermes columbicus destroyed timber in a building. A new species of Rugitermes was collected in Medellin. Zusammenfassung In einem Regenwald-Gebiet Kolumbiens zwischen den Flussen Magdalena, Carare und Opon wurden Heterotermes tenuis (Hagen), Coptotermes niger Snyder, Coptotermes testaceus (L.), Microcerotermes exiguus (Hagen), Termes panamaensis (Snyder), Syntermes spec, Nasutitermes columbicus (Holmgren), Nasutitermes ephratae (Holmgren), Armitermes albidus (Hagen) und Armitermes neotenicus Holmgren gefunden. Am verbreitetsten waren Microcerotermes exiguus und Nasutitermes columbicus; ihnen folgen Nasutitermes ephratae, Coptotermes niger und Termes panamaensis. C. niger kommt haufig im Stamminnern lebender Baume bis in rd. 10 m Hohe vor, besonders in Goupia glabra (Saino), Humiriastrum colombianum (Aceituno) und Xylopia spec. (Escobillo). An der karibischen Kuste traten Heterotermes tenuis und Nasutitermes columbicus als Holzzerstorer in einem Gebaude auf. Eine in Medellin eingesammelte Rugitermes-Art ist??
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Über die Ursache der abschreckenden Wirkung von Kiefernholz auf Termiten
Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie, 2009Co-Authors: Günther Becker, Hans-joachim Petrowitz, Michael LenzAbstract:Causes of repellent effect of pine wood on termites. Of the water-soluble pine wood extractives occurring at low quantities, i. e. the ketones camphor and 2.5-hexanedion and the aldehyde furfural, the 2 ketones have attracting, the aldehyde repellent effects on the Rhinotermitid species Heterotermes indicola (Wasmann). The aldehyde compound repells also other termite species. It may be assumed that in pine wood furfural is responsible for the repellency. Individual termite species react differently to furfural. Zusammenfassung Von den in Kiefernholz in geringer Menge vorkommenden wasserloslichen Verbindungen, den Ketonen Campher und 2,5-Hexandion und dem Aldehyd Furfural, haben die beiden Ketone eine anlockende, der Aldehyd eine abschreckende Wirkung fur die Rhinotermitiden art Heterotermes indicola (Wasmann). Die Aldehyd-Verbindung wirkt auch auf andere Termitenarten abschreckend. Es liegt nahe anzunehmen, das Furfural der Stoff ist, der die von Kiefernholz ausgehende Repellent-Wirkung erzeugt. In der Reaktion auf Furfural bestehen Unterschiede zwischen einzelnen Termiten-Arten.
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Einfluß von Moderfäulepilzen in Holz auf Fraßtätigkeit, Galeriebau und Entwicklung einiger Termiten-Arten
Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie, 2009Co-Authors: Günther Becker, Michael LenzAbstract:Abstract Effects of soft rot fungi in wood on the feeding, gallery building and development of some termites species The effects of soft rot attack of red beech and pine sapwood on termites were determined after 4, 8 and 16 weeks of soft rot development of the species Fusarium aquaeductum, Glenospora graphii, Humicola grisea, Myrothecium verrucaria, Petriella setifera, Phialophora aurantiaca, Sclerophoma pityophila, and Trichurus spiralis (Fungi imperfecti and Ascomycetes). The termite species used were Heterotermes indicola (Wasmann), Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar) with 2 different races, Coptotermes amanii (Sjostedt), and Nasutitermes nigriceps (Haldemann). It was studied whether the termites were attracted or repelled by the attacked wood or whether they avoided it. Their feeding and gallery building activities as well as their caste development were likewise observed. The results differed with regard to the termite, fungal and wood species and also with regard to the length of fungal development. Glenospora graphii and Fusarium aquaeductum had the most stimulating effects on the termites' feeding activity. At the same time the Glenospora species showed toxic effects on Heterotermes indicola, however. Sclerophoma pityophila, Trichurus spiralis and Myrothecium verrucaria had in many cases adverse effects on the termites' activity. Even in the most favourable cases the stimulating and beneficial effects of the soft rot fungi on the termites were smaller than those of the most effective brown rot Basidiomycetes tested so far. For culturing termites these fungi should therefore be preferred. In nature they are probably also more important. Zusammenfassung Der Einflus eines Befalls von Rotbuchenholz und Kiefernsplintholz durch Moderfaulepilze auf Termiten wurde nach 4-, 8- und 16 wochiger Entwicklungszeit der Arten Fusarium aquaeductum, Glenospora graphii, Humicola grisea, Myrothecium verrucaria, Petriella setifera, Phialophora aurantiaca, Sclerophoma pityophila und Trichurus spiralis (Fungi imperfecti und Ascomycetes) gepruft. Die verwendeten Termitenarten waren Heterotermes indicola (Wasmann), Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar) mit 2 verschiedenen Rassen, Coptotermes amanii (Sjostedt) und Nasutitermes nigriceps (Haldemann). Es wurden das sich in Anlockung oder Abschreckung und Meiden ausernde Verhalten der Termiten, ihre Fras- und Galeriebau-Tatigkeit sowie die Kastenentwicklung untersucht. Die Ergebnisse waren fur die einzelnen Termiten-, Pilz- und Holzarten sowie fur die Pilzeinwirkungszeiten verschieden. Glenospora graphii und Fusarium aquaeductum regten den Fras am starksten an. Die Glenospora-Art wirkte aber gleichzeitig toxisch auf Heterotermes indicola. Sclerophoma pityophila, Trichurus spiralis und Myrothecium verrucaria hatten vielfach einen ungunstigen Einflus auf die Aktivitat der Termiten. Auch in den gunstigsten Fallen war die stimulierende und fordernde Wirkung der verwendeten Moderfaulepilze auf die Termiten geringer als bei den bestwirksamen der bisher gepruften Braunfaule-Basidiomyceten. Diese sind daher fur Zwecke der Termitenzucht zu bevorzugen und wahrscheinlich auch in der Natur von groserer Bedeutung.
Susan C. Jones - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Seeking quantitative morphological characters for species identification in soldiers of Puerto Rican Heterotermes (Dictyoptera, Blattaria, Termitoidae, Rhinotermitidae).
ZooKeys, 2017Co-Authors: Zachary H. Griebenow, Susan C. Jones, Tyler D. EatonAbstract:Subterranean termites in the genus Heterotermes Froggatt (Rhinotermitidae: Heterotermitinae) are pantropical wood feeders capable of causing significant structural damage. The aim of this study was to investigate soldier morphological attributes in three Puerto Rican species of Heterotermes previously identified by sequencing of two mitochondrial genes and attributed to Heterotermes tenuis (Hagen), H. convexinotatus (Snyder) and H. cardini (Snyder). Soldiers (n = 156) were imaged and measured using the Auto-Montage image-stacking program. We demonstrated that Puerto Rican Heterotermes soldiers could not be identified to species level based upon seven morphometric indices or any combination thereof. Nor could differences in soldier head pilosity be used to discriminate species, in contrast to previous findings. However, previously described characters of the soldier tergal setae were reported to be useful in discriminating H. tenuis from both of its Puerto Rican congeners.
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species diversity of puerto rican Heterotermes dictyoptera rhinotermitidae revealed by phylogenetic analyses of two mitochondrial genes
Journal of Insect Science, 2016Co-Authors: Tyler D. Eaton, Susan C. Jones, Tracie M JenkinsAbstract:The goal of this study was to infer Heterotermes (Froggatt) (Dictyoptera: Rhinotermitidae) species diversity on the island of Puerto Rico from phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequence data from two mitochondrial genes, 16S rRNA and cytochrome oxidase II (COII). This termite genus is a structural pest known to be well adapted to arid environments in subtropical and tropical regions worldwide including Puerto Rico and many other Caribbean islands. Extensive sampling was accomplished across Puerto Rico, and phylogenetic analyses of individual gene sequences from these samples indicated robust datasets of congruent gene tree topologies showing three monophyletic groups: H. cardini (Snyder), H. convexinotatus (Snyder), and H. tenuis (Hagen). We found that H. cardini and H. convexinotatus were widespread in the arid coastal regions of Puerto Rico, whereas H. tenuis was uncommon and may represent a relatively new introduction. We found only H. convexinotatus on Culebra Island. We provide strong evidence that Puerto Rico may be linked to the Heterotermes in southern Florida, USA, since its GenBank 16S sequence was identical to that of seven Puerto Rican H. cardini sequences. Our study represents the first records of H. cardini from Puerto Rico and Grand Bahama.
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155 survey of the termites (Isoptera: Kalotermitidae, Rhinotermitidae, Termitidae) of St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands
Sociobiology, 2002Co-Authors: Susan C. JonesAbstract:A survey of the island of St. John revealed the presence of Incisitermes nr. incisus, Procryptotermes nr. corniceps and Neotermes mona (Kalotermitidae); one or more undetermined species of Heterotermes (Rhinotermitidae); and Parvitermes wolcotti and Nasutitermes acajutlae (Termitidae). The most commonly noted termites included a drywood termite, I. nr. incisus; the subterranean termite genus Heterotermes; and an arboreal nesting nasutiform termite, N. acajutlae. These three species appeared to be more cosmopolitan, being found in both the moist forest and dry forest areas of St. John. Termite associations with a number of host plants are reported. A total of six taxa in three families now are known from St. John, whereas only three species previously have been noted.
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Field observations of intercolony aggression and territory changes inHeterotermes aureus (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae)
Journal of Insect Behavior, 1993Co-Authors: Susan C. JonesAbstract:Intercolony aggression was observed for a southwestern desert subterranean termite , Heterotermes aureus (Snyder), in bait plots in a Sonoran Desert grassland in Arizona. Intermittent conflict took place at the sites of corrugatedpaper rolls on the boundary between two colonies. Rows of dead termites locked in combat were found within the corrugations, with additional dead termites usually in the soil beneath the roll. Dead soldiers constituted 64 to 100% of termites recovered from sites of intercolony conflict. Ongoing intercolony aggression is likely involved in the maintenance of discrete H. aureus territories .
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Field observations of intercolony aggression and territory changes in Heterotermes aureus (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae)
Journal of Insect Behavior, 1993Co-Authors: Susan C. JonesAbstract:Intercolony aggression was observed for a southwestern desert subterranean termite, Heterotermes aureus(Snyder), in bait plots in a Sonoran Desert grassland in Arizona. Intermittent conflict took place at the sites of corrugatedpaper rolls on the boundary between two colonies. Rows of dead termites locked in combat were found within the corrugations, with additional dead termites usually in the soil beneath the roll. Dead soldiers constituted 64 to 100% of termites recovered from sites of intercolony conflict. Ongoing intercolony aggression is likely involved in the maintenance of discrete H. aureusterritories.