The Experts below are selected from a list of 91881 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Eric R. Fossum - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a review of the pinned photodiode for ccd and cmos Image Sensors
IEEE Journal of the Electron Devices Society, 2014Co-Authors: Eric R. Fossum, Donald HondongwaAbstract:The pinned photodiode is the primary photodetector structure used in most CCD and CMOS Image Sensors. This paper reviews the development, physics, and technology of the pinned photodiode.
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Special Issue on Solid-State Image Sensors
IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, 2009Co-Authors: Eric R. Fossum, Pierre Magnan, Junichi Nakamura, J. Hynecek, J. Tower, N. Teranishi, Albert J. P. TheuwissenAbstract:This editorial summarizes the contents of this special issue of the IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices on solid state Image Sensors. Several researches on CCD and CMOS Image Sensors are included in this issue.
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Radiation-induced dark signal in 0.5-μm CMOS APS Image Sensors
Photonics for Space Environments VII, 2000Co-Authors: Richard Tsai, Eric R. Fossum, Robert Spagnuolo, John J. Deily, Hal AnthonyAbstract:A CMOS APS Image sensor test chip, which was designed employing the physical design techniques of enclosed geometry and guard rings and fabricated in a 0.5-micrometers CMOS process, underwent a Co 60 (gamma) -ray irradiation experiment. The experiment demonstrated that implementing the physical design techniques of enclosed geometry and guard rings in CMOS APS Image Sensors is possible. It verified that employing these design techniques does not represent a fundamental impediment for the functionality and performance of CMOS APS Image Sensors. It further proved that CMOS APS Image Sensors that employ these physical design techniques yield better dark signal performance in ionizing radiation environment than their counterpart that do not employ those physical design techniques. For one of the different pixel designs that were included in the test chip pixel array, the pre- radiation average dark signal was approximately 1.92 mV/s. At the highest total ionizing radiation dose level used in the experiment (approximately 88 Krad(Si)), average dark signal increased to approximately 36.35 mV/s. After annealing for 168 hours at 100 degree(s)C, it dropped to approximately 3.87 mV/s.
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CMOS Image Sensors: electronic camera-on-a-chip
IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, 1997Co-Authors: Eric R. FossumAbstract:CMOS active pixel Sensors (APS) have performance competitive with\ncharge-coupled device (CCD) technology, and offer advantages in on-chip\nfunctionality, system power reduction, cost, and miniaturization. This\npaper discusses the requirements for CMOS Image Sensors and their\nhistorical development, CMOS devices and circuits for pixels, analog\nsignal chain, and on-chip analog-to-digital conversion are reviewed and\ndiscussed
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CMOS active pixel Image Sensors for highly integrated imaging systems
IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, 1997Co-Authors: S.k. Mendis, S.e. Kemeny, B. Pain, C.o. Staller, Eric R. FossumAbstract:A family of CMOS-based active pixel Image Sensors (APSs) that are inherently compatible with the integration of on-chip signal processing circuitry is reported. The Image Sensors were fabricated using commercially available 2-/spl mu/m CMOS processes and both p-well and n-well implementations were explored. The arrays feature random access, 5-V operation and transistor-transistor logic (TTL) compatible control signals. Methods of on-chip suppression of fixed pattern noise to less than 0.1% saturation are demonstrated. The baseline design achieved a pixel size of 40 /spl mu/m/spl times/40 /spl mu/m with 26% fill-factor. Array sizes of 28/spl times/28 elements and 128/spl times/128 elements have been fabricated and characterized. Typical output conversion gain is 3.7 /spl mu/V/e/sup -/ for the p-well devices and 6.5 /spl mu/V/e/sup -/ for the n-well devices. Input referred read noise of 28 e/sup -/ rms corresponding to a dynamic range of 76 dB was achieved. Characterization of various photogate pixel designs and a photodiode design is reported. Photoresponse variations for different pixel designs are discussed.
Shunsuke Kamijo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Semantic Hierarchy Fusion of Image Sensors and Supersonic wave Sensors
2006 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, 2006Co-Authors: Naoki Sumiya, Kenji Fujihira, Shunsuke KamijoAbstract:Recently, a lot of Image Sensors are employed for the purpose of incident detection, because Image Sensors can provide much more rich information than spot Sensors such as supersonic wave Sensors. However, it is quite difficult to achieve high accuracy by Image recognition methods because of their instability against environmental changes. On the other hand, for example, supersonic wave Sensors have advantages on robustness against environmental changes, and it requires less CPU performance than Image Sensors. Therefore, future event detection system should collaborate different Sensors in order to realize a totally efficient surveillance system. In this paper, we developed algorithms for incident detection by sensor fusion technique among the two different Sensors. The algorithm was evaluated by using 3 month data of Images and supersonic waves on expressway in Tokyo containing about 20 incidents. And the algorithm was then proved to be more accurate than the algorithm using a single video Image which we previously developed for incident detection.
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Incident detection system by sensor fusion network employing Image Sensors and supersonic wave
2006 IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference, 2006Co-Authors: Naoki Sumiya, K. Familiar, Shunsuke KamijoAbstract:A lot of Image Sensors are employed for the purpose of incident detection, because Image Sensors can provide much more rich information than spot Sensors such as supersonic wave Sensors. In addition, Image sensor can overlook wide area. Therefore, installation cost is lower. However, it is quite difficult to achieve high accuracy by Image recognition methods because of their instability against environmental changes. And Image processing requires more CPU performance. On the other hand, for example, supersonic wave Sensors have advantages on robustness against environmental changes, and they require less CPU performance than Image Sensors. Therefore, future event detection system should combine different Sensors in order to realize a totally efficient surveillance system. In this paper, we developed algorithms for incident detection by sensor fusion technique between the two different Sensors. The recall rate and false alarms was evaluated by using 3 month data of Images and supersonic waves on expressway in Tokyo containing about 20 incidents. And the algorithm was then proved to be more accurate than the algorithm using a single video Image which we previously developed for incident detection
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INCIDENT DETECTION ON HIGHWAY BY SENSOR FUSION EMPLOYING Image Sensors AND SUPERSONIC WAVE Sensors
2006Co-Authors: Naoki Sumiya, Kenji Fujihira, Shunsuke KamijoAbstract:Recently, a lot of Image Sensors are employed for the purpose of incident detection, because Image Sensors can provide better information. However, it is quite difficult to achieve high accuracy by Image recognition methods because of their instability against environmental changes. On the other hand, supersonic wave Sensors have advantages on robustness against environmental changes, and it requires less CPU (central processing unit) performance than Image Sensors. Therefore, the two different Sensors should collaborate in order to realize a totally efficient surveillance system. Agorithms for incident detection by sensor fusion technique among the two different Sensors were developed. For the covering abstract see ITRD E134653.
Naoki Sumiya - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Semantic Hierarchy Fusion of Image Sensors and Supersonic wave Sensors
2006 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, 2006Co-Authors: Naoki Sumiya, Kenji Fujihira, Shunsuke KamijoAbstract:Recently, a lot of Image Sensors are employed for the purpose of incident detection, because Image Sensors can provide much more rich information than spot Sensors such as supersonic wave Sensors. However, it is quite difficult to achieve high accuracy by Image recognition methods because of their instability against environmental changes. On the other hand, for example, supersonic wave Sensors have advantages on robustness against environmental changes, and it requires less CPU performance than Image Sensors. Therefore, future event detection system should collaborate different Sensors in order to realize a totally efficient surveillance system. In this paper, we developed algorithms for incident detection by sensor fusion technique among the two different Sensors. The algorithm was evaluated by using 3 month data of Images and supersonic waves on expressway in Tokyo containing about 20 incidents. And the algorithm was then proved to be more accurate than the algorithm using a single video Image which we previously developed for incident detection.
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Incident detection system by sensor fusion network employing Image Sensors and supersonic wave
2006 IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference, 2006Co-Authors: Naoki Sumiya, K. Familiar, Shunsuke KamijoAbstract:A lot of Image Sensors are employed for the purpose of incident detection, because Image Sensors can provide much more rich information than spot Sensors such as supersonic wave Sensors. In addition, Image sensor can overlook wide area. Therefore, installation cost is lower. However, it is quite difficult to achieve high accuracy by Image recognition methods because of their instability against environmental changes. And Image processing requires more CPU performance. On the other hand, for example, supersonic wave Sensors have advantages on robustness against environmental changes, and they require less CPU performance than Image Sensors. Therefore, future event detection system should combine different Sensors in order to realize a totally efficient surveillance system. In this paper, we developed algorithms for incident detection by sensor fusion technique between the two different Sensors. The recall rate and false alarms was evaluated by using 3 month data of Images and supersonic waves on expressway in Tokyo containing about 20 incidents. And the algorithm was then proved to be more accurate than the algorithm using a single video Image which we previously developed for incident detection
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INCIDENT DETECTION ON HIGHWAY BY SENSOR FUSION EMPLOYING Image Sensors AND SUPERSONIC WAVE Sensors
2006Co-Authors: Naoki Sumiya, Kenji Fujihira, Shunsuke KamijoAbstract:Recently, a lot of Image Sensors are employed for the purpose of incident detection, because Image Sensors can provide better information. However, it is quite difficult to achieve high accuracy by Image recognition methods because of their instability against environmental changes. On the other hand, supersonic wave Sensors have advantages on robustness against environmental changes, and it requires less CPU (central processing unit) performance than Image Sensors. Therefore, the two different Sensors should collaborate in order to realize a totally efficient surveillance system. Agorithms for incident detection by sensor fusion technique among the two different Sensors were developed. For the covering abstract see ITRD E134653.
Ana Claudia Arias - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Charge-integrating organic heterojunction phototransistors for wide-dynamic-range Image Sensors
Nature Photonics, 2017Co-Authors: Adrien Pierre, Abhinav Gaikwad, Ana Claudia AriasAbstract:Solution-processed phototransistors can substantially advance the performance of Image Sensors. Phototransistors exhibit large photoconductive gain and a sublinear responsivity to irradiance, which enables a logarithmic sensing of irradiance that is akin to the human eye and has a wider dynamic range than photodiode-based Image Sensors. Here, we present a novel solution-processed phototransistor composed of a heterostructure between a high-mobility organic semiconductor and an organic bulk heterojunction. The device efficiently integrates photogenerated charge during the period of a video frame then quickly discharges it, which significantly increases the signal-to-noise ratio compared with sampling photocurrent during readout. Phototransistor-based Image Sensors processed without photolithography on plastic substrates integrate charge with external quantum efficiencies above 100% at 100 frames per second. In addition, the sublinear responsivity to irradiance of these devices enables a wide dynamic range of 103 dB at 30 frames per second, which is competitive with state-of-the-art Image Sensors. A solution-processed organic phototransistor is operated at 100-frame-per-second rates with external quantum efficiencies above 100%. Dynamic range as high as 103 dB was shown for 30-frame-per-second operation.
Masahiko Yachida - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Real-Time Omnidirectional Image Sensors
International Journal of Computer Vision, 2004Co-Authors: Yasushi Yagi, Masahiko YachidaAbstract:Conventional T.V. cameras are limited in their field of view. A real-time omnidirectional camera which can acquire an omnidirectional (360 degrees) field of view at video rate and which could be applied in a variety of fields, such as autonomous navigation, telepresence, virtual reality and remote monitoring, is presented. We have developed three different types of omnidirectional Image Sensors, and two different types of multiple-Image sensing systems which consist of an omnidirectional Image sensor and binocular vision. In this paper, we describe the outlines and fundamental optics of our developed Sensors and show examples of applications for robot navigation.
