The Experts below are selected from a list of 47559 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Hua Dong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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HCI (27) - Value and Values in Inclusive Design
Human Aspects of IT for the Aged Population. Technologies Design and User Experience, 2020Co-Authors: Haiou Zhu, Thorsten Gruber, Hua DongAbstract:As an ethical Design approach embedding with the human value of Inclusiveness, Inclusive Design could contribute to economic value creation. However, research on the relationship between economic value and human values in Inclusive Design has seldom been explored. This preliminary literature review focuses on how value and values have been discussed in Inclusive Design research. The findings first present the evolving conceptions of Inclusive Design that formulate and transform the understanding of value and values. Then, existing literature on the economic value of Inclusive Design, and Inclusive Design for human values at both individual and social levels are reviewed respectively. We categorize these disparate discussions into ‘value creation’ and ‘value distribution’ and propose opportunities for an integrated approach that would bridge discussions on the economic value and human values in future research.
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From Accessibility to Experience: Opportunities for Inclusive Design in Architectural Practice
2016Co-Authors: Valerie Van Der Linden, Hua Dong, Ann HeylighenAbstract:This paper presents an explorative study on the relation between architectural practice and Inclusive Design. It is hypothesised that the limited adoption of Inclusive Design in architectural practice may relate to a particular mind-set and/or a lack of information formats that are compatible with (architectural) Design practice. The first part of this paper reviews literature from various Design disciplines on potential factors that influence the adoption of Inclusive Design. Influences are sought in the direction of the international context of Inclusive Design, the limitations of current information formats, and the specific context of architectural practice. The second part of this paper reports empirical research results from 20 interviews with different stakeholders in architectural practice in Flanders, Belgium. The aim of these interviews was to investigate current perceptions, sources and tools, as well as perceived barriers and motivations for Inclusive Design. Combining these findings with those from other Design disciplines reveals opportunities for a closer relation between architectural practice and Inclusive Design. It was found that a focus on accessibility legislation – both in terms of content and format – inhibits a potential broader understanding of user experience, which could correspond more to architects’ way of working.
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Designing for Designers: insights into the knowledge users of Inclusive Design.
Applied Ergonomics, 2015Co-Authors: Hua Dong, Chris Mcginley, Farnaz Nickpour, Abdusselam Selami CifterAbstract:Over the last twenty years, research on Inclusive Design has delivered a wealth of publications and initiatives, forming an emerging knowledge base for Inclusive Design. The Inclusive Design knowledge base breaks down into two discrete areas - understanding end users from many different perspectives, and understanding the information needs of the knowledge users (e.g. Designers) who are involved in promoting and delivering Inclusive Design solutions. Much research has focused on the end users, but in recent years, understanding the needs and the characteristics of knowledge users has added a new dimension to the research task. This paper focuses on the knowledge users of Inclusive Design. It discusses the different types of knowledge users and their knowledge needs. The research programmes undertaken by the Inclusive Design Research Group (IDRG) are used to illustrate the process of understanding knowledge needs of Designers, developing different types of tools to meet those needs and evaluating their effectiveness. The paper concludes with a discussion on how to adopt an Inclusive Design research methodology to effectively engage the knowledge users in the development of Inclusive Design tools.
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Interdisciplinary engagement with Inclusive Design - the Challenge Workshops model.
Applied Ergonomics, 2015Co-Authors: Julia Cassim, Hua DongAbstract:Abstract The DBA Inclusive Design Challenge and the Challenge Workshops organised by the lead author has exposed numerous Design teams to the benefit of working with extreme users – this paper will analyse the challenges and benefits of this approach to Inclusive Design and suggest how the lessons learned from competition can be transferred into Design practice.
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Strategies for teaching Inclusive Design
Journal of Engineering Design, 2009Co-Authors: Hua DongAbstract:Engineering Designers often see themselves as ‘solution providers’, but there is an emerging need to change this mindset towards ‘user-led innovation’. Inclusive Design, as one of the many user-centred Design approaches, has the potential to help students appreciate user capabilities, needs, and expectations: a first step towards user-led innovation. This paper discusses approaches to the teaching of Inclusive Design at degree levels. A number of the challenges of teaching Inclusive Design to undergraduate students are identified. Three pilot studies are illustrated, focusing on (1) effective user research methods in large class teaching, (2) involving end-users and different disciplines in the Design process; and (3) developing case studies based on successful major projects (final year Design projects). Next, strategies for teaching Inclusive Design are proposed. This paper offers practical recommendations in incorporating Inclusive Design teaching into different levels of Design and engineering program...
P. John Clarkson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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An Inclusive Design Perspective on Automotive HMI Trends
Universal Access in Human-Computer Interaction. Users and Context Diversity, 2016Co-Authors: Mike Bradley, Patrick M. Langdon, P. John ClarksonAbstract:This paper looks at recent trends in automotive human machine interfaces, with a lens of evaluation from an Inclusive Design perspective. The goal of Inclusive Design is to ensure that the population of potential users for a product or service is maximised. Until relatively recently, automotive human machine interfaces (HMI’s) have excluded and caused difficulties for users due to visibility, reach and force required to operate controls. Over the last 15 or so years however, there has been a significant increase in control and display location, interface types and integration of functions, as well as dramatically increased potential functionality due to in-vehicle emergent technologies. It is suggested that this increase in interface unfamiliarity for a driver will cause significant difficulty and potential exclusion, due to the demands of learning and conflicts in expectation. The effects on this trend in the context of an ageing population and automated driving technologies are discussed.
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A comparison of methods currently used in Inclusive Design.
Applied ergonomics, 2014Co-Authors: Joy Goodman-deane, James Ward, Ian Hosking, P. John ClarksonAbstract:Abstract Inclusive Design has unique challenges because it aims to improve usability for a wide range of users. This typically includes people with lower levels of ability, as well as mainstream users. This paper examines the effectiveness of two methods that are used in Inclusive Design: user trials and exclusion calculations (an Inclusive Design inspection method). A study examined three autoinjectors using both methods ( n = 30 for the user trials). The usability issues identified by each method are compared and the effectiveness of the methods is discussed. The study found that each method identified different kinds of issues, all of which are important for Inclusive Design. We therefore conclude that a combination of methods should be used in Inclusive Design rather than relying on a single method. Recommendations are also given for how the individual methods can be used more effectively in this context.
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Inclusive Design advisor: understanding the Design practice before developing inclusivity tools
Journal of Usability Studies archive, 2013Co-Authors: Emilene Zitkus, Patrick Langdon, P. John ClarksonAbstract:This paper describes an exploratory study investigating ways to accommodate Inclusive Design techniques and tools within industrial Design practices. The approach of our research is that by making only small changes in Design features, Designers end up with more Inclusive products. Our research group examined how to enable Designers to make Design decisions toward more accessible products by observing and interviewing 20 experienced industrial Designers. We also Designed an Inclusive Design advisor tool that provided suggestions that Designers could use to make more Inclusively Designed products. We asked the Designers about their opinions of available Inclusive Design techniques and tools and their tendency to use those techniques and tools. We then presented our Designers with the interactive Design advisor tool built in Google SketchUp. Although the tool was in the very early stages of development, it exemplified an interactive way to supply Designers with information about inclusivity. Through using the tool, Designers were encouraged to talk about pros and cons of the tool. We also asked the Designers to provide more detailed information about their current practices. The results confirm that tools, such as guidelines, user testing, and physical simulations, all have limitations that restrict their adoption by Designers. Also, Inclusive Design advisors, such as the tool developed in Google SketchUp, could be accepted by the Design community if the tool is tailored for each Design domain and the tools that they use. Additionally, the Designers highlighted that they would consider inclusivity if it is part of the Design requirements. Moreover, they underlined the need for supplying inclusivity information to clients---who commission the project and who own the final product.
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Facets of prior experience and the effectiveness of Inclusive Design
Universal Access in the Information Society, 2013Co-Authors: Jörn Hurtienne, Patrick M. Langdon, Anne-marie Horn, P. John ClarksonAbstract:Research in Inclusive Design has shown the importance of prior experience for the usability of interactive products. Prior experience, however, is an ill-defined and inconsistently used construct. A number of different definitions and operationalisations of experience exist, but the differing power of these operationalisations to predict the usability of products for older users has rarely been investigated systematically. This study seeks to fill that gap. It is argued that the construct of experience has at least three components. It is proposed that two of these components, exposure and competence, are directly relevant for the current discussion about prior experience in Inclusive Design and that they can predict to different degrees the usability of a product for older users. In an empirical study, these facets of expertise are each operationalised on three levels of specificity and their impact on usability is assessed. The results show that measures of competence predict usability variables more strongly than measures of exposure and that levels of medium and high specificity are the best predictors. The application of Inclusive Design principles to a reDesigned version of a ticket vending machine—although not resulting in a difference of overall usability—changed the impact of prior experience on usability measures implying an enhanced Inclusiveness of the reDesign with regard to prior experience. The implications of these findings for the effectiveness of Inclusive Design for older users are discussed.
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Making the case for Inclusive Design.
Applied ergonomics, 2013Co-Authors: Sam Waller, Mike Bradley, Ian Hosking, P. John ClarksonAbstract:This paper describes the University of Cambridge, Engineering Design Centre's (EDC) case for Inclusive Design, based on 10 years of research, promotion and knowledge transfer. In summary, Inclusive Design applies an understanding of customer diversity to inform decisions throughout the development process, in order to better satisfy the needs of more people. Products that are more Inclusive can reach a wider market, improve customer satisfaction and drive business success. The rapidly ageing population increases the importance of this approach. The case presented here has helped to convince BT, Nestlé and others to adopt an Inclusive approach.
Simeon Keates - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Critical user forums - an effective user research method for Inclusive Design
The Design Journal, 2005Co-Authors: Hua Dong, P. John Clarkson, Julia Cassim, Simeon KeatesAbstract:Inclusive or universal Design is about Designing more accessible products and services for the widest possible range of users, regardless of age and capabilities. It requires better understanding and empathy with all potential users. Traditional user research methods are limited in accommodating a wide range of users and hence there is a need to find more appropriate methods of user research for Inclusive Design. This paper describes a method called ‘Critical User Forums' which involves direct interaction between Design teams and a mixed group of users with severe disabilities. The evaluation of the effectiveness of this method for Inclusive Design is based on the interviews of eight UK Design consultancies that took part in a Design competition, emphasising Inclusive Design and involving users, known as the ‘DBA Design Challenge’. The contribution of critical users to the DBA projects is discussed and the Design teams’ viewpoints on such user involvement in the process are investigated. The paper conclud...
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Developing and evaluating a booklet for Inclusive Design
2004Co-Authors: Hua Dong, Simeon Keates, Pj ClarksonAbstract:The aim of Inclusive Design is to make products accessible to the widest possible population. Although Inclusive Design is not a new genre, given that similar ideas already existed in the 1970s, the context today is different from that of thirty years ago. The new technology, the emerging ‘grey’ market and the growing disability movement leading to the integration of disabled people into the mainstream society, etc., have formed a new paradigm of Designing for inclusion. Designers seldom deny the importance and benefits of Inclusive Design. However, they are lacking appropriate skills for practising Inclusive Design. This probably accounts for the prevalence of ‘non-Inclusive Designs’ in the mainstream market. The objective of this research is to identify what information about Inclusive Design is useful for Designers and provide them with practical support.
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Why the interest in Inclusive Design
Countering design exclusion, 2004Co-Authors: Simeon Keates, John ClarksonAbstract:It is in all of our interests that as many companies as possible adopt Inclusive Design practices for as many products and services as possible. This chapter presents many of the arguments in favour of doing so. The arguments address both the ethical case and the business case for adopting Inclusive Design.
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User Interfaces for All - Inclusive Design in Industry: Barriers, Drivers and the Business Case
User-Centered Interaction Paradigms for Universal Access in the Information Society, 2004Co-Authors: Hua Dong, Simeon Keates, P. John ClarksonAbstract:Despite increasing discussion in academia, genuinely ‘Inclusive’ Design in industry remains the exception rather than the rule. Based on literature reviews and industry surveys, this paper explores the barriers faced by manufacturers, retailers and Design consultancies in adopting Inclusive Design. Drivers for practising Inclusive Design are also investigated. Using information about such barriers and drivers and linking them to business objectives, a basic framework for the business case for Inclusive Design is proposed. The paper contributes to the in-depth understanding of industry barriers and motivations for Inclusive Design and forms the basis for further research into the business case in an Inclusive Design context. The paper provides an insight into industry practice that is applicable to the Design of User Interfaces for All.
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Industry Perceptions to Inclusive Design: A Comparative Study
Volume 3b: 2nd Symposium on International Issues in Engineering Design, 2004Co-Authors: Hua Dong, P. John Clarkson, Simeon KeatesAbstract:Despite increasing discussions on the topic in academia, truly Inclusive Design in industry remains the exception. This paper compares industry perceptions to Inclusive Design based on data collected from the UK, the US and Japan. Two comparisons are made. Firstly, the perceptions of UK consumer product manufacturers and retailers are compared with the perceptions of companies in the US and Japan. It appears that the attitudes to legislation and government regulations in the UK differ from those in the US and Japan. Secondly, comparisons are made between the perceptions of UK consumer industries. It was found that manufacturers, retailers and Design consultancies all consider that major barrier obstructing their adoption of Inclusive Design were from the other parties, rather than themselves. The paper concludes that ‘perception barriers’ form the majority of the barriers to Inclusive Design and are the most significant, followed by ‘technical barriers’ and then ‘organizational barriers.’ A toolkit that has been developed to address the barriers identified is also presented.
John Clarkson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Making the case for Inclusive Design
Applied Ergonomics, 2015Co-Authors: S. D. Waller, Mike Bradley, Ian Hosking, John ClarksonAbstract:This paper describes the University of Cambridge, Engineering Design Centre's (EDC) case for Inclusive Design, based on 10 years of research, promotion and knowledge transfer. In summary, Inclusive Design applies an understanding of customer diversity to inform decisions throughout the development process, in order to better satisfy the needs of more people. Products that are more Inclusive can reach a wider market, improve customer satisfaction and drive business success. The rapidly ageing population increases the importance of this approach. The case presented here has helped to convince BT, Nestle and others to adopt an Inclusive approach.
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HCI (6) - A conceptual client-Designer framework: inspiring the development of Inclusive Design interactive techniques
Universal Access in Human-Computer Interaction. Design Methods Tools and Interaction Techniques for eInclusion, 2013Co-Authors: Emilene Zitkus, Patrick Langdon, John ClarksonAbstract:The adoption of Inclusive Design approach into Design practice is compatible to the needs of an ageing society. However, tools and methods that promote inclusivity during new product development are scarcely used in industry. This paper is part of a research project that investigates ways to accommodate Inclusive Design into the Design process in industrial context. The present paper is based on the finds from the observations and interviews with industrial Designers and interviews with stakeholders. The outcomes from the study supported a better understanding of the client-Designer dynamic as well as the stages in the Design process where information related to Inclusive Design could be introduced. The findings were essential to inspire the development of an Inclusive Design interactive technique to be used by clients and Designers.
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capability measurement for Inclusive Design
Journal of Engineering Design, 2010Co-Authors: Daniel Johnson, John Clarkson, Felicia A HuppertAbstract:Understanding users’ capabilities, needs and expectations is key to the domain of Inclusive Design. Much of the work in the field could be informed and further strengthened by clear, valid and representative data covering the full range of people's capabilities. This article reviews existing data sets and identifies the challenges inherent in measuring capability in a manner that is informative for work in Inclusive Design. The need for a Design-relevant capability data set is identified and consideration is given to a variety of capability construct operationalisation issues including questions associated with self-report and performance measures, sampling and the appropriate granularity of measures. The need for further experimental work is identified and a programme of research Designed to culminate in the Design of a valid and reliable capability survey is described.
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Knowledge transfer in Inclusive Design
Countering design exclusion, 2004Co-Authors: Simeon Keates, John ClarksonAbstract:Having defined the ultimate aim of Inclusive Design and identified suitable measures of success with the WINIT scales and measures of Inclusive merit in Chapter 5, the next step is to consider the structure of the Design process as a whole to support more Inclusive Design practices.
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Inclusive Design in industry
Countering design exclusion, 2004Co-Authors: Simeon Keates, John ClarksonAbstract:So far we have discussed why companies should be adopting Inclusive Design practices. However, the uptake of Inclusive Design in the UK has been somewhat patchy at best. Conversely, Universal Design has had more of an impact in changing how companies in the US develop new products, supported by more comprehensive and longstanding legislation. Within the European Community, the UK stands alone as having wide-ranging disability discrimination laws, although Germany and the Netherlands are moving towards implementing similar statutes.
Margaret Burnett - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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pedagogical content knowledge for teaching Inclusive Design
International Computing Education Research Workshop, 2018Co-Authors: Alannah Oleson, Christopher Mendez, Zoe Steinehanson, Claudia Hilderbrand, Christopher Perdriau, Margaret BurnettAbstract:Inclusive Design is important in today's software industry, but there is little research about how to teach it. In collaboration with 9 teacher-researchers across 8 U.S. universities and more than 400 computer and information science students, we embarked upon an Action Research investigation to gather insights into the pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) that teachers need to teach a particular Inclusive Design method called GenderMag. Analysis of the teachers' observations and experiences, the materials they used, direct observations of students' behaviors, and multiple data on the students' own reflections on their learning revealed 11 components of Inclusive Design PCK. These include strategies for anticipating and addressing resistance to the topic of inclusion, strategies for modeling and scaffolding perspective taking, and strategies for tailoring instruction to students' prior beliefs and biases.
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ICER - Pedagogical Content Knowledge for Teaching Inclusive Design
Proceedings of the 2018 ACM Conference on International Computing Education Research, 2018Co-Authors: Alannah Oleson, Christopher Mendez, Claudia Hilderbrand, Christopher Perdriau, Zoe Steine-hanson, Margaret BurnettAbstract:Inclusive Design is important in today's software industry, but there is little research about how to teach it. In collaboration with 9 teacher-researchers across 8 U.S. universities and more than 400 computer and information science students, we embarked upon an Action Research investigation to gather insights into the pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) that teachers need to teach a particular Inclusive Design method called GenderMag. Analysis of the teachers' observations and experiences, the materials they used, direct observations of students' behaviors, and multiple data on the students' own reflections on their learning revealed 11 components of Inclusive Design PCK. These include strategies for anticipating and addressing resistance to the topic of inclusion, strategies for modeling and scaffolding perspective taking, and strategies for tailoring instruction to students' prior beliefs and biases.
