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John A. Angelos - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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relatedness of type iv pilin pila amongst geographically diverse moraxella bovoculi isolated from cattle with Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis
Journal of Medical Microbiology, 2021Co-Authors: John A. Angelos, Kristin A Clothier, Regina L Agulto, Boguslav Mandzyuk, Morten TrylandAbstract:Introduction. Moraxella bovoculi is frequently isolated from the eyes of cattle with Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis (IBK; pinkeye). As with M. bovis, which has been causally linked to IBK, M. bovoculi expresses an RTX (repeats in the structural toxin) cytotoxin that is related to M. bovis cytotoxin. Pilin, another pathogenic factor in M. bovis, is required for corneal attachment. Seven antigenically distinct pilin serogroups have been described in M. bovis.Hypothesis/Gap Statement. Multiple different serogroups exist amongst type IV pilin encoded by M. bovis, however, it is not known whether M. bovoculi exhibits a similar degree of diversity in type IV pilin that it encodes.Aim. This study was done to characterize a structural pilin (PilA) encoded by M. bovoculi isolated from cases of IBK to determine if diversity exists amongst PilA sequences.Methodology. Ninety-four isolates of M. bovoculi collected between 2002 and 2017 from 23 counties throughout California and from five counties in four other Western states were evaluated.Results. DNA sequencing and determination of deduced amino acid sequences revealed ten (designated groups A through J) unique PilA sequences that were ~96.1-99.3 % identical. Pilin groups A and C matched previously reported putative PilA sequences from M. bovoculi isolated from IBK-affected cattle in the USA (Virginia, Nebraska, and Kansas) and Asia (Kazakhstan). The ten pilin sequences identified were only ~74-76 % identical to deduced amino acid sequences of putative pilin proteins identified from the previously reported whole-genome sequences of M. bovoculi derived from deep nasopharyngeal swabs of IBK-asymptomatic cattle.Conclusions. Compared to the diversity reported between structural pilin proteins amongst different serogroups of M. bovis, M. bovoculi PilA from geographically diverse isolates derived from IBK-affected cattle are more conserved.
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Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis (Pinkeye)
The Veterinary clinics of North America. Food animal practice, 2015Co-Authors: John A. AngelosAbstract:As is the case for controlling other Infectious livestock diseases, the most successful efforts to control Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis (IBK) will include consideration of the host, the environment, herd management, and ongoing surveillance even after the immediate crisis has passed. Research over many years has led to the discovery of a variety of antibiotic treatments and antibiotic regimens that can be effective against IBK. The discoveries of Mor bovoculi and reports of IBK associated with Mycoplasma spp without concurrent Mor bovis or Mor bovoculi have raised new questions into the roles that other organisms may play in IBK pathogenesis.
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randomized controlled field trial to assess efficacy of a moraxella bovis pilin cytotoxin moraxella bovoculi cytotoxin subunit vaccine to prevent naturally occurring Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis
American Journal of Veterinary Research, 2012Co-Authors: John A. Angelos, Louise M. Ball, Khaled G Gohary, John F HessAbstract:Objective—To evaluate efficacy of a recombinant Moraxella bovis pilin-cytotoxin-Moraxella bovoculi cytotoxin subunit vaccine to prevent naturally occurring Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis (IBK). Animals—107 beef steers. Procedures—2 groups of calves were inoculated SC with an immunostimulating complex (ISCOM) matrix adjuvant (control group; n = 54) or a recombinant M bovis pilin-cytotoxin–M bovoculi cytotoxin subunit antigen with the ISCOM matrix adjuvant (vaccine group; 53); calves received booster injections 21 days later. Calves were examined once weekly for 16 weeks. Investigators and herd managers were not aware of the inoculum administered to each calf throughout the trial. Primary outcome of interest was the cumulative proportion of calves that developed IBK. Serum samples were obtained before inoculation (day 0) and on days 42 and 112. Serum hemolysin-neutralizing titers against native M bovis and M bovoculi cytotoxin were determined. Results—No difference was detected between groups for th...
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Minimum inhibitory concentrations of selected antimicrobial agents for Moraxella bovoculi associated with Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis
Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation : official publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians Inc, 2011Co-Authors: John A. Angelos, Louise M. Ball, Barbara A. ByrneAbstract:Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis (IBK) has been associated with ocular infections by Moraxella bovis, the established etiologic agent of IBK, and more recently, Moraxella bovoculi, a recently described species of Moraxella. To assist in designing rational treatment regimens for M. bovoculi infections associated with IBK, the in vitro susceptibilities of 57 M. bovoculi field isolates cultured from eyes of cattle with IBK in California from 2002 through 2007 were determined. The minimum inhibitory concentration required to inhibit the growth of 90% of organisms (MIC90) of the following 18 antibiotics tested in the present study were: danofloxacin and enrofloxacin: ≤0.12 µg/ml; ampicillin and ceftiofur: ≤0.25 µg/ml; penicillin: 0.25 µg/ml; gentamicin: ≤1 µg/ml; chlortetracycline, oxytetracycline, and tiamulin: 1 µg/ml; florfenicol: 0.5 µg/ml; trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole: ≤2/38 µg/ml; clindamycin: 2 µg/ml; neomycin and tilmicosin: ≤4 µg/ml; tulathromycin: 4 µg/ml; spectinomycin and tylosin: 16 µg/ml; ...
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Recombinant Moraxella bovoculi cytotoxin-ISCOM matrix adjuvanted vaccine to prevent naturally occurring Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis
Veterinary Research Communications, 2010Co-Authors: John A. Angelos, V. Michael Lane, Louise M. Ball, John F HessAbstract:A randomized, blinded, controlled field trial was conducted during summer 2006 in a northern California, USA, herd of beef cattle to evaluate the efficacy of a recombinant Moraxella bovoculi cytotoxin subunit vaccine to prevent naturally occurring Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis (IBK; pinkeye). A convenience sample comprised of 127 steers were administered a subcutaneous dose of either adjuvant alone (ISCOM matrices; control group) or recombinant M. bovoculi cytotoxin carboxy terminus adjuvanted with ISCOM matrices (MbvA group) and were boostered 21 days later. The steers were examined once weekly for 15 weeks for evidence of IBK. No significant difference in the cumulative proportion of corneal ulcerations was detected between groups. Compared to the control calves, the MbvA vaccinates had significantly higher increases in serum neutralizing titers to M. bovoculi hemolysin between week 0 and week 6. The prevalence of M. bovis isolations was higher from ulcerated eyes of calves vaccinated with MbvA as compared to control calves. Vaccination of calves against the carboxy terminus of M. bovoculi RTX toxin resulted in significant increases in serum hemolysin neutralizing titers and may modulate organism type cultured from ulcerated eyes of calves in herds where both M. bovis and M. bovoculi exist. Use of M. bovoculi antigens alone in vaccines to prevent IBK may not be beneficial in herds where IBK is associated with both M. bovoculi and M. bovis .
John F Hess - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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randomized controlled field trial to assess efficacy of a moraxella bovis pilin cytotoxin moraxella bovoculi cytotoxin subunit vaccine to prevent naturally occurring Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis
American Journal of Veterinary Research, 2012Co-Authors: John A. Angelos, Louise M. Ball, Khaled G Gohary, John F HessAbstract:Objective—To evaluate efficacy of a recombinant Moraxella bovis pilin-cytotoxin-Moraxella bovoculi cytotoxin subunit vaccine to prevent naturally occurring Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis (IBK). Animals—107 beef steers. Procedures—2 groups of calves were inoculated SC with an immunostimulating complex (ISCOM) matrix adjuvant (control group; n = 54) or a recombinant M bovis pilin-cytotoxin–M bovoculi cytotoxin subunit antigen with the ISCOM matrix adjuvant (vaccine group; 53); calves received booster injections 21 days later. Calves were examined once weekly for 16 weeks. Investigators and herd managers were not aware of the inoculum administered to each calf throughout the trial. Primary outcome of interest was the cumulative proportion of calves that developed IBK. Serum samples were obtained before inoculation (day 0) and on days 42 and 112. Serum hemolysin-neutralizing titers against native M bovis and M bovoculi cytotoxin were determined. Results—No difference was detected between groups for th...
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Recombinant Moraxella bovoculi cytotoxin-ISCOM matrix adjuvanted vaccine to prevent naturally occurring Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis
Veterinary Research Communications, 2010Co-Authors: John A. Angelos, V. Michael Lane, Louise M. Ball, John F HessAbstract:A randomized, blinded, controlled field trial was conducted during summer 2006 in a northern California, USA, herd of beef cattle to evaluate the efficacy of a recombinant Moraxella bovoculi cytotoxin subunit vaccine to prevent naturally occurring Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis (IBK; pinkeye). A convenience sample comprised of 127 steers were administered a subcutaneous dose of either adjuvant alone (ISCOM matrices; control group) or recombinant M. bovoculi cytotoxin carboxy terminus adjuvanted with ISCOM matrices (MbvA group) and were boostered 21 days later. The steers were examined once weekly for 15 weeks for evidence of IBK. No significant difference in the cumulative proportion of corneal ulcerations was detected between groups. Compared to the control calves, the MbvA vaccinates had significantly higher increases in serum neutralizing titers to M. bovoculi hemolysin between week 0 and week 6. The prevalence of M. bovis isolations was higher from ulcerated eyes of calves vaccinated with MbvA as compared to control calves. Vaccination of calves against the carboxy terminus of M. bovoculi RTX toxin resulted in significant increases in serum hemolysin neutralizing titers and may modulate organism type cultured from ulcerated eyes of calves in herds where both M. bovis and M. bovoculi exist. Use of M. bovoculi antigens alone in vaccines to prevent IBK may not be beneficial in herds where IBK is associated with both M. bovoculi and M. bovis .
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prevention of naturally occurring Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis with a recombinant moraxella bovis pilin moraxella bovis cytotoxin iscom matrix adjuvanted vaccine
Veterinary Microbiology, 2007Co-Authors: John A. Angelos, Robert G Bonifacio, Louise M. Ball, John F HessAbstract:Abstract To evaluate the efficacy of a recombinant Moraxella bovis pilin– M. bovis cytotoxin subunit vaccine to prevent naturally occurring Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis (IBK; pinkeye), a randomized, blinded, controlled field trial was conducted during summer 2005 in a northern California herd of beef cattle. One hundred and one steers were vaccinated with ISCOM matrix (adjuvant control), recombinant M. bovis cytotoxin carboxy terminus + ISCOM matrix (MbxA), or recombinant M. bovis pilin–cytotoxin carboxy terminus + ISCOM matrix (pilin–MbxA); calves received secondary vaccinations 21 days later. Calves were examined once weekly for 18 weeks for the development of corneal ulcers associated with IBK. Overall, the pilin–MbxA vaccinated group had the lowest overall cumulative proportion of ulcerated calves. Calves that received MbxA, whether alone or with pilin had significantly higher M. bovis cytotoxin serum neutralizing titers as compared to control calves. Results of ocular cultures suggested that vaccination with an M. bovis antigen affected organism type isolated from an ulcer: M. bovis was cultured more often from the eyes of control calves than from the eyes of calves vaccinated with MbxA and pilin–MbxA. In addition, vaccination of calves with MbxA and pilin–MbxA resulted in a higher prevalence of Moraxella bovoculi sp. nov. in ocular cultures. While no significant difference was observed between a cytotoxin versus pilin + cytotoxin vaccine against IBK, the reduced cumulative proportion of IBK in the pilin–cytotoxin vaccinated calves suggests it may provide an advantage over a cytotoxin vaccine alone. Efficacy of an M. bovis vaccine may be reduced in herds where IBK is associated with M. bovoculi sp. nov.
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prevention of naturally occurring Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis with a recombinant moraxella bovis pilin moraxella bovis cytotoxin iscom matrix adjuvanted vaccine
Veterinary Microbiology, 2007Co-Authors: John A. Angelos, Robert G Bonifacio, Louise M. Ball, John F HessAbstract:Abstract To evaluate the efficacy of a recombinant Moraxella bovis pilin– M. bovis cytotoxin subunit vaccine to prevent naturally occurring Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis (IBK; pinkeye), a randomized, blinded, controlled field trial was conducted during summer 2005 in a northern California herd of beef cattle. One hundred and one steers were vaccinated with ISCOM matrix (adjuvant control), recombinant M. bovis cytotoxin carboxy terminus + ISCOM matrix (MbxA), or recombinant M. bovis pilin–cytotoxin carboxy terminus + ISCOM matrix (pilin–MbxA); calves received secondary vaccinations 21 days later. Calves were examined once weekly for 18 weeks for the development of corneal ulcers associated with IBK. Overall, the pilin–MbxA vaccinated group had the lowest overall cumulative proportion of ulcerated calves. Calves that received MbxA, whether alone or with pilin had significantly higher M. bovis cytotoxin serum neutralizing titers as compared to control calves. Results of ocular cultures suggested that vaccination with an M. bovis antigen affected organism type isolated from an ulcer: M. bovis was cultured more often from the eyes of control calves than from the eyes of calves vaccinated with MbxA and pilin–MbxA. In addition, vaccination of calves with MbxA and pilin–MbxA resulted in a higher prevalence of Moraxella bovoculi sp. nov. in ocular cultures. While no significant difference was observed between a cytotoxin versus pilin + cytotoxin vaccine against IBK, the reduced cumulative proportion of IBK in the pilin–cytotoxin vaccinated calves suggests it may provide an advantage over a cytotoxin vaccine alone. Efficacy of an M. bovis vaccine may be reduced in herds where IBK is associated with M. bovoculi sp. nov.
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prevention of naturally occurring Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis with a recombinant moraxella bovis cytotoxin iscom matrix adjuvanted vaccine
Vaccine, 2004Co-Authors: John A. Angelos, John F Hess, L. W. GeorgeAbstract:The efficacy of a recombinant Moraxella bovis cytotoxin subunit vaccine to prevent naturally occurring Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis (IBK) was evaluated in a randomized, blinded, controlled field trial. Ninety-three cross bred beef calves were vaccinated with either saline, ISCOM matrix (adjuvant control), or a recombinant M. bovis cytotoxin carboxy terminus peptide plus ISCOM matrix and boostered 21 days later. Ocular examinations were performed once weekly for 20 weeks. At week 12, the cumulative proportion of calves with ulcerated eyes in the recombinant vaccine group was significantly lower than in the saline control group. Throughout the 20 week trial, the cumulative proportion of ulcerated calves remained lowest in the recombinant vaccine group. By week 7, nonulcerated calves in the recombinant vaccine group had significantly higher changes in serum neutralizing titers and cytotoxin specific to total IgG ratios in serum and tears as compared to calves in the control groups. The trend for a reduced cumulative proportion of IBK in the vaccinated calves over the 20 week trial suggests that a recombinant M. bovis cytotoxin vaccine may be beneficial in helping to prevent naturally occurring IBK.
Louise M. Ball - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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randomized controlled field trial to assess efficacy of a moraxella bovis pilin cytotoxin moraxella bovoculi cytotoxin subunit vaccine to prevent naturally occurring Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis
American Journal of Veterinary Research, 2012Co-Authors: John A. Angelos, Louise M. Ball, Khaled G Gohary, John F HessAbstract:Objective—To evaluate efficacy of a recombinant Moraxella bovis pilin-cytotoxin-Moraxella bovoculi cytotoxin subunit vaccine to prevent naturally occurring Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis (IBK). Animals—107 beef steers. Procedures—2 groups of calves were inoculated SC with an immunostimulating complex (ISCOM) matrix adjuvant (control group; n = 54) or a recombinant M bovis pilin-cytotoxin–M bovoculi cytotoxin subunit antigen with the ISCOM matrix adjuvant (vaccine group; 53); calves received booster injections 21 days later. Calves were examined once weekly for 16 weeks. Investigators and herd managers were not aware of the inoculum administered to each calf throughout the trial. Primary outcome of interest was the cumulative proportion of calves that developed IBK. Serum samples were obtained before inoculation (day 0) and on days 42 and 112. Serum hemolysin-neutralizing titers against native M bovis and M bovoculi cytotoxin were determined. Results—No difference was detected between groups for th...
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Minimum inhibitory concentrations of selected antimicrobial agents for Moraxella bovoculi associated with Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis
Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation : official publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians Inc, 2011Co-Authors: John A. Angelos, Louise M. Ball, Barbara A. ByrneAbstract:Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis (IBK) has been associated with ocular infections by Moraxella bovis, the established etiologic agent of IBK, and more recently, Moraxella bovoculi, a recently described species of Moraxella. To assist in designing rational treatment regimens for M. bovoculi infections associated with IBK, the in vitro susceptibilities of 57 M. bovoculi field isolates cultured from eyes of cattle with IBK in California from 2002 through 2007 were determined. The minimum inhibitory concentration required to inhibit the growth of 90% of organisms (MIC90) of the following 18 antibiotics tested in the present study were: danofloxacin and enrofloxacin: ≤0.12 µg/ml; ampicillin and ceftiofur: ≤0.25 µg/ml; penicillin: 0.25 µg/ml; gentamicin: ≤1 µg/ml; chlortetracycline, oxytetracycline, and tiamulin: 1 µg/ml; florfenicol: 0.5 µg/ml; trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole: ≤2/38 µg/ml; clindamycin: 2 µg/ml; neomycin and tilmicosin: ≤4 µg/ml; tulathromycin: 4 µg/ml; spectinomycin and tylosin: 16 µg/ml; ...
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Recombinant Moraxella bovoculi cytotoxin-ISCOM matrix adjuvanted vaccine to prevent naturally occurring Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis
Veterinary Research Communications, 2010Co-Authors: John A. Angelos, V. Michael Lane, Louise M. Ball, John F HessAbstract:A randomized, blinded, controlled field trial was conducted during summer 2006 in a northern California, USA, herd of beef cattle to evaluate the efficacy of a recombinant Moraxella bovoculi cytotoxin subunit vaccine to prevent naturally occurring Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis (IBK; pinkeye). A convenience sample comprised of 127 steers were administered a subcutaneous dose of either adjuvant alone (ISCOM matrices; control group) or recombinant M. bovoculi cytotoxin carboxy terminus adjuvanted with ISCOM matrices (MbvA group) and were boostered 21 days later. The steers were examined once weekly for 15 weeks for evidence of IBK. No significant difference in the cumulative proportion of corneal ulcerations was detected between groups. Compared to the control calves, the MbvA vaccinates had significantly higher increases in serum neutralizing titers to M. bovoculi hemolysin between week 0 and week 6. The prevalence of M. bovis isolations was higher from ulcerated eyes of calves vaccinated with MbvA as compared to control calves. Vaccination of calves against the carboxy terminus of M. bovoculi RTX toxin resulted in significant increases in serum hemolysin neutralizing titers and may modulate organism type cultured from ulcerated eyes of calves in herds where both M. bovis and M. bovoculi exist. Use of M. bovoculi antigens alone in vaccines to prevent IBK may not be beneficial in herds where IBK is associated with both M. bovoculi and M. bovis .
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prevention of naturally occurring Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis with a recombinant moraxella bovis pilin moraxella bovis cytotoxin iscom matrix adjuvanted vaccine
Veterinary Microbiology, 2007Co-Authors: John A. Angelos, Robert G Bonifacio, Louise M. Ball, John F HessAbstract:Abstract To evaluate the efficacy of a recombinant Moraxella bovis pilin– M. bovis cytotoxin subunit vaccine to prevent naturally occurring Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis (IBK; pinkeye), a randomized, blinded, controlled field trial was conducted during summer 2005 in a northern California herd of beef cattle. One hundred and one steers were vaccinated with ISCOM matrix (adjuvant control), recombinant M. bovis cytotoxin carboxy terminus + ISCOM matrix (MbxA), or recombinant M. bovis pilin–cytotoxin carboxy terminus + ISCOM matrix (pilin–MbxA); calves received secondary vaccinations 21 days later. Calves were examined once weekly for 18 weeks for the development of corneal ulcers associated with IBK. Overall, the pilin–MbxA vaccinated group had the lowest overall cumulative proportion of ulcerated calves. Calves that received MbxA, whether alone or with pilin had significantly higher M. bovis cytotoxin serum neutralizing titers as compared to control calves. Results of ocular cultures suggested that vaccination with an M. bovis antigen affected organism type isolated from an ulcer: M. bovis was cultured more often from the eyes of control calves than from the eyes of calves vaccinated with MbxA and pilin–MbxA. In addition, vaccination of calves with MbxA and pilin–MbxA resulted in a higher prevalence of Moraxella bovoculi sp. nov. in ocular cultures. While no significant difference was observed between a cytotoxin versus pilin + cytotoxin vaccine against IBK, the reduced cumulative proportion of IBK in the pilin–cytotoxin vaccinated calves suggests it may provide an advantage over a cytotoxin vaccine alone. Efficacy of an M. bovis vaccine may be reduced in herds where IBK is associated with M. bovoculi sp. nov.
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prevention of naturally occurring Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis with a recombinant moraxella bovis pilin moraxella bovis cytotoxin iscom matrix adjuvanted vaccine
Veterinary Microbiology, 2007Co-Authors: John A. Angelos, Robert G Bonifacio, Louise M. Ball, John F HessAbstract:Abstract To evaluate the efficacy of a recombinant Moraxella bovis pilin– M. bovis cytotoxin subunit vaccine to prevent naturally occurring Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis (IBK; pinkeye), a randomized, blinded, controlled field trial was conducted during summer 2005 in a northern California herd of beef cattle. One hundred and one steers were vaccinated with ISCOM matrix (adjuvant control), recombinant M. bovis cytotoxin carboxy terminus + ISCOM matrix (MbxA), or recombinant M. bovis pilin–cytotoxin carboxy terminus + ISCOM matrix (pilin–MbxA); calves received secondary vaccinations 21 days later. Calves were examined once weekly for 18 weeks for the development of corneal ulcers associated with IBK. Overall, the pilin–MbxA vaccinated group had the lowest overall cumulative proportion of ulcerated calves. Calves that received MbxA, whether alone or with pilin had significantly higher M. bovis cytotoxin serum neutralizing titers as compared to control calves. Results of ocular cultures suggested that vaccination with an M. bovis antigen affected organism type isolated from an ulcer: M. bovis was cultured more often from the eyes of control calves than from the eyes of calves vaccinated with MbxA and pilin–MbxA. In addition, vaccination of calves with MbxA and pilin–MbxA resulted in a higher prevalence of Moraxella bovoculi sp. nov. in ocular cultures. While no significant difference was observed between a cytotoxin versus pilin + cytotoxin vaccine against IBK, the reduced cumulative proportion of IBK in the pilin–cytotoxin vaccinated calves suggests it may provide an advantage over a cytotoxin vaccine alone. Efficacy of an M. bovis vaccine may be reduced in herds where IBK is associated with M. bovoculi sp. nov.
L. W. George - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Moraxella bovoculi sp. nov., isolated from calves with Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis.
International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology, 2007Co-Authors: John A. Angelos, Louise M. Ball, Phillip Q Spinks, L. W. GeorgeAbstract:Eighteen isolates of a Gram-negative coccus (strain 237(T)) were cultured from the eyes of dairy and beef calves affected with Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis (IBK; 'pinkeye') in northern California, USA, during summer 2002. These isolates had near full-length (1397 bp) 16S rRNA gene sequences that clustered into three groups with 99.9 % sequence similarity. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence, the isolates were most closely associated with Moraxella bovis and Moraxella ovis in clade I of the classical moraxellae. Biochemically, the novel isolates could be distinguished from the other members of the genus Moraxella isolated from animals on the basis of phenylalanine deaminase activity. The results of partial sequence analysis of six housekeeping genes, the 16S-23S rRNA gene interspacer region and partial 23S rRNA gene provide strong support for the inclusion of these isolates in a novel taxon, for which the name Moraxella bovoculi sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is strain 237(T) (=ATCC BAA-1259(T)=CCUG 52049(T)).
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Effectiveness of a cytolysin-enriched vaccine for protection of cattle against Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis.
American journal of veterinary research, 2005Co-Authors: L. W. George, Andrew J. Borrowman, John A. AngelosAbstract:OBJECTIVE To determine the immunogenicity of a Moraxella bovis cytolysin-enriched vaccine for prevention of Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis (IBK). ANIMALS 104 mixed-breed beef calves ranging between 4 and 8 months of age. PROCEDURE Vaccines were prepared by the diafiltration of broth culture supernatant from hemolytic M bovis or sterile media. The diafiltered retentate was combined with Quil A adjuvant. Calves were randomly assigned to receive either the cytolysin vaccine (n = 35) or, as controls, adjuvant (35) or saline (0.9% NaCl) solution (34). Eyes of all calves were examined weekly for signs of IBK for 15 weeks. Calves that developed severe IBK were treated SC with florfenicol. RESULTS Cytolysin vaccine contained 4 proteins with molecular masses ranging between 65 and 90 kd. Cytolysin-vaccinated calves had fewer instances of IBK than control calves. The time of onset of corneal lesions in cytolysin-vaccinated calves that developed IBK was delayed, compared with that of calves in either control group. The cytolysin-Quil A vaccine contained endotoxin, but calves did not have clinical signs of illness after vaccination. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Calves that were vaccinated with a cytolysin-enriched vaccine had some resistance to IBK. Vaccines containing concentrated diafiltered M bovis cytolysin could protect beef calves against IBK.
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prevention of naturally occurring Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis with a recombinant moraxella bovis cytotoxin iscom matrix adjuvanted vaccine
Vaccine, 2004Co-Authors: John A. Angelos, John F Hess, L. W. GeorgeAbstract:The efficacy of a recombinant Moraxella bovis cytotoxin subunit vaccine to prevent naturally occurring Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis (IBK) was evaluated in a randomized, blinded, controlled field trial. Ninety-three cross bred beef calves were vaccinated with either saline, ISCOM matrix (adjuvant control), or a recombinant M. bovis cytotoxin carboxy terminus peptide plus ISCOM matrix and boostered 21 days later. Ocular examinations were performed once weekly for 20 weeks. At week 12, the cumulative proportion of calves with ulcerated eyes in the recombinant vaccine group was significantly lower than in the saline control group. Throughout the 20 week trial, the cumulative proportion of ulcerated calves remained lowest in the recombinant vaccine group. By week 7, nonulcerated calves in the recombinant vaccine group had significantly higher changes in serum neutralizing titers and cytotoxin specific to total IgG ratios in serum and tears as compared to calves in the control groups. The trend for a reduced cumulative proportion of IBK in the vaccinated calves over the 20 week trial suggests that a recombinant M. bovis cytotoxin vaccine may be beneficial in helping to prevent naturally occurring IBK.
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Efficacy of a long-acting formulation of ceftiofur crystalline-free acid for the treatment of naturally occurring Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis
American journal of veterinary research, 2004Co-Authors: Erica L. Dueger, John A. Angelos, L. W. George, Natalie S. Tankersley, Kelsie M. Luiz, Jonalee A. Meyer, Ellen Portis, Merlyn J. LucasAbstract:Objective—To evaluate the efficacy of ceftiofur crystalline- free acid (CCFA) administered into the posterior aspect of an ear for treatment of corneal ulceration associated with naturally occurring Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis (IBK). Animals—78 beef calves located at Sierra Foothills Field Station (SFS) and 52 calves located at a commercial dairy (CD). All calves were from 3 to 9 months old. Procedure—At each site, calves were randomly allocated to 1 of 2 treatment groups by use of a block design determined by corneal ulcer size. A single dose of CCFA (6.6 mg of ceftiofur equivalents/kg, SC) was administered into the posterior aspect of a pinna. A second group of calves received a single dose of vehicle (0.03 mL/kg, SC; controls). Corneal ulcers were photographed, and clinical signs were assessed in calves every 3 to 4 days for 21 days. Results—A positive treatment effect was detected at SFS. Results at the CD were inconclusive because ulcer healing occurred rapidly in control and CCFA-treated ...
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Efficacy of florfenicol for treatment of naturally occurring Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis.
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 2000Co-Authors: John A. Angelos, L. W. George, Erica L. Dueger, Tracey K. Carrier, J. E. Mihalyi, Sallie B. Cosgrove, John C. JohnsonAbstract:Objective—To determine the efficacy of florfenicol for treatment of calves with naturally occurring Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis (IBK). Design—Randomized controlled field trial. Animals—63 beef calves and 80 dairy calves between 4 and 12 months of age. Procedure—Calves were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatment groups. Calves in the SC treatment group received a single dose of florfenicol (40 mg/kg [18.2 mg/lb] of body weight), SC, on day 0. Calves in the IM treatment group received florfenicol (20 mg/kg [9.1 mg/lb]), IM, on days 0 and 2. Calves in the control group received injections of saline solution (0.9% NaCl), IM, on days 0 and 2. Calves were reevaluated every other day for 20 days after treatment. Results—Corneal ulcers healed by day 20 in 48 of 49 (98%) calves treated with florfenicol IM, 39 of 42 (93%) calves treated with florfenicol SC, and 33 of 52 (63%) control calves. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Florfenicol administered SC (1 dose) or IM (2 doses 48 hours apart) was effectiv...
Robert G Bonifacio - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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prevention of naturally occurring Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis with a recombinant moraxella bovis pilin moraxella bovis cytotoxin iscom matrix adjuvanted vaccine
Veterinary Microbiology, 2007Co-Authors: John A. Angelos, Robert G Bonifacio, Louise M. Ball, John F HessAbstract:Abstract To evaluate the efficacy of a recombinant Moraxella bovis pilin– M. bovis cytotoxin subunit vaccine to prevent naturally occurring Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis (IBK; pinkeye), a randomized, blinded, controlled field trial was conducted during summer 2005 in a northern California herd of beef cattle. One hundred and one steers were vaccinated with ISCOM matrix (adjuvant control), recombinant M. bovis cytotoxin carboxy terminus + ISCOM matrix (MbxA), or recombinant M. bovis pilin–cytotoxin carboxy terminus + ISCOM matrix (pilin–MbxA); calves received secondary vaccinations 21 days later. Calves were examined once weekly for 18 weeks for the development of corneal ulcers associated with IBK. Overall, the pilin–MbxA vaccinated group had the lowest overall cumulative proportion of ulcerated calves. Calves that received MbxA, whether alone or with pilin had significantly higher M. bovis cytotoxin serum neutralizing titers as compared to control calves. Results of ocular cultures suggested that vaccination with an M. bovis antigen affected organism type isolated from an ulcer: M. bovis was cultured more often from the eyes of control calves than from the eyes of calves vaccinated with MbxA and pilin–MbxA. In addition, vaccination of calves with MbxA and pilin–MbxA resulted in a higher prevalence of Moraxella bovoculi sp. nov. in ocular cultures. While no significant difference was observed between a cytotoxin versus pilin + cytotoxin vaccine against IBK, the reduced cumulative proportion of IBK in the pilin–cytotoxin vaccinated calves suggests it may provide an advantage over a cytotoxin vaccine alone. Efficacy of an M. bovis vaccine may be reduced in herds where IBK is associated with M. bovoculi sp. nov.
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prevention of naturally occurring Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis with a recombinant moraxella bovis pilin moraxella bovis cytotoxin iscom matrix adjuvanted vaccine
Veterinary Microbiology, 2007Co-Authors: John A. Angelos, Robert G Bonifacio, Louise M. Ball, John F HessAbstract:Abstract To evaluate the efficacy of a recombinant Moraxella bovis pilin– M. bovis cytotoxin subunit vaccine to prevent naturally occurring Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis (IBK; pinkeye), a randomized, blinded, controlled field trial was conducted during summer 2005 in a northern California herd of beef cattle. One hundred and one steers were vaccinated with ISCOM matrix (adjuvant control), recombinant M. bovis cytotoxin carboxy terminus + ISCOM matrix (MbxA), or recombinant M. bovis pilin–cytotoxin carboxy terminus + ISCOM matrix (pilin–MbxA); calves received secondary vaccinations 21 days later. Calves were examined once weekly for 18 weeks for the development of corneal ulcers associated with IBK. Overall, the pilin–MbxA vaccinated group had the lowest overall cumulative proportion of ulcerated calves. Calves that received MbxA, whether alone or with pilin had significantly higher M. bovis cytotoxin serum neutralizing titers as compared to control calves. Results of ocular cultures suggested that vaccination with an M. bovis antigen affected organism type isolated from an ulcer: M. bovis was cultured more often from the eyes of control calves than from the eyes of calves vaccinated with MbxA and pilin–MbxA. In addition, vaccination of calves with MbxA and pilin–MbxA resulted in a higher prevalence of Moraxella bovoculi sp. nov. in ocular cultures. While no significant difference was observed between a cytotoxin versus pilin + cytotoxin vaccine against IBK, the reduced cumulative proportion of IBK in the pilin–cytotoxin vaccinated calves suggests it may provide an advantage over a cytotoxin vaccine alone. Efficacy of an M. bovis vaccine may be reduced in herds where IBK is associated with M. bovoculi sp. nov.