The Experts below are selected from a list of 2910 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Eisuke Nishida - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • signalling through rheb 1 mediates Intermittent Fasting induced longevity in c elegans
    Nature, 2009
    Co-Authors: Sakiko Honjoh, Takuya Yamamoto, Eisuke Nishida
    Abstract:

    Dietary restriction can extend lifespan in various species. In mammals, Intermittent Fasting can also extend lifespan and reduce the incidence of age-related disorders, even when there is little or no decrease in calorie intake. In a study of the molecular mechanisms associated with the beneficial effect of Intermittent Fasting, Honjoh et al. established a Fasting regime that extends the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans, and show that the low molecular weight GTPase RHEB-1 has a dual role in lifespan regulation. It is required for the Intermittent Fasting-induced longevity, whereas RHEB-1 inhibition mimics the effects of caloric restriction. RHEB-1 exerts its effects in Intermittent Fasting in part via the insulin/insulin growth factor-like signalling effector DAF-16. These findings may contribute to the development of dietary restriction mimetics intended to improve health without toxic side effects. Dietary restriction can extend lifespan in various species. In mammals, Intermittent Fasting can also extend lifespan and reduce the incidence of age-related disorders. It is shown that Intermittent Fasting can effectively extend the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans, and that the low molecular weight GTPase RHEB-1 has a central role in lifespan regulation. Dietary restriction is the most effective and reproducible intervention to extend lifespan in divergent species1. In mammals, two regimens of dietary restriction, Intermittent Fasting (IF) and chronic caloric restriction, have proven to extend lifespan and reduce the incidence of age-related disorders2. An important characteristic of IF is that it can increase lifespan even when there is little or no overall decrease in calorie intake2. The molecular mechanisms underlying IF-induced longevity, however, remain largely unknown. Here we establish an IF regimen that effectively extends the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans, and show that the low molecular weight GTPase RHEB-1 has a dual role in lifespan regulation; RHEB-1 is required for the IF-induced longevity, whereas inhibition of RHEB-1 mimics the caloric-restriction effects. RHEB-1 exerts its effects in part by the insulin/insulin growth factor (IGF)-like signalling effector DAF-16 in IF. Our analyses demonstrate that most Fasting-induced upregulated genes require RHEB-1 function for their induction, and that RHEB-1 and TOR signalling are required for the Fasting-induced downregulation of an insulin-like peptide, INS-7. These findings identify the essential role of signalling by RHEB-1 in IF-induced longevity and gene expression changes, and suggest a molecular link between the IF-induced longevity and the insulin/IGF-like signalling pathway.

  • Signalling through RHEB-1 mediates Intermittent Fasting-induced longevity in C. elegans
    Nature, 2009
    Co-Authors: Sakiko Honjoh, Masaharu Uno, Takuya Yamamoto, Eisuke Nishida
    Abstract:

    Dietary restriction is the most effective and reproducible intervention to extend lifespan in divergent species. In mammals, two regimens of dietary restriction, Intermittent Fasting (IF) and chronic caloric restriction, have proven to extend lifespan and reduce the incidence of age-related disorders. An important characteristic of IF is that it can increase lifespan even when there is little or no overall decrease in calorie intake. The molecular mechanisms underlying IF-induced longevity, however, remain largely unknown. Here we establish an IF regimen that effectively extends the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans, and show that the low molecular weight GTPase RHEB-1 has a dual role in lifespan regulation; RHEB-1 is required for the IF-induced longevity, whereas inhibition of RHEB-1 mimics the caloric-restriction effects. RHEB-1 exerts its effects in part by the insulin/insulin growth factor (IGF)-like signalling effector DAF-16 in IF. Our analyses demonstrate that most Fasting-induced upregulated genes require RHEB-1 function for their induction, and that RHEB-1 and TOR signalling are required for the Fasting-induced downregulation of an insulin-like peptide, INS-7. These findings identify the essential role of signalling by RHEB-1 in IF-induced longevity and gene expression changes, and suggest a molecular link between the IF-induced longevity and the insulin/IGF-like signalling pathway.

Hoon Ki Sung - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • covid 19 and obesity fighting two pandemics with Intermittent Fasting
    Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2021
    Co-Authors: Kafi N Ealey, Joy Phillips, Hoon Ki Sung
    Abstract:

    Obesity is strongly and independently associated with an increased risk of severe illness and death from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The pathophysiological changes that result from elevated body weight lead to metabolic dysfunction, chronic inflammation, impaired immunological responses, and multisystem disorders, which increase vulnerability to severe illness from COVID-19. While vaccination strategies are under way across the world, the second and third waves of the pandemic, along with the emergence of novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) strains, continue to threaten the stability of medical systems worldwide. Furthermore, evidence from previous pandemics suggests that vaccines are less effective in obese individuals than in their healthy-weight counterparts over the long term. Therefore, a consideration of lifestyle changes that can boost metabolic health and immunity is critical to reduce the risk of complications and severe illness from viral infection. In this review, we discuss the potential mechanisms linking excess body weight with COVID-19 morbidity. We also present evidence that Intermittent Fasting (IF), a dietary program that has gained popularity in recent years, may be an effective strategy to improve metabolic health and immunity and thus reduce the impact of obesity on COVID-19 morbidity and mortality.

  • dynamic remodeling of white adipose tissue by Intermittent Fasting
    Current opinion in food science, 2020
    Co-Authors: Navkiran Verma, Nikita Thakkar, Joy Phillips, Kafi N Ealey, Hoon Ki Sung
    Abstract:

    Excessive accumulation of white adipose tissue (WAT) is a hallmark of obesity and perturbs systemic metabolism. Intermittent Fasting (IF) is a periodic and repeated energy restriction strategy utilized to combat obesity and improve metabolic parameters. Many studies have shown that one of the main targets of IF is WAT. This heterogenous organ is sensitive to nutritional conditions and undergoes dynamic remodeling to mediate IF benefits. In this review, we aim to discuss the impact of IF on various WAT cell components including adipocytes, adipocyte precursor cells (APCs), immune cells, and vascular cells. Furthermore, we highlight areas of research that require further exploration and propose overarching mechanisms that may mediate IF benefits observed in preclinical models.

  • Intermittent Fasting physiological implications on outcomes in mice and men
    Physiology, 2020
    Co-Authors: Ju Hee Lee, Navkiran Verma, Nikita Thakkar, Christy Yeung, Hoon Ki Sung
    Abstract:

    Intermittent Fasting (IF) is a widely practiced dietary method that encompasses periodic restriction of food consumption. Due to its protective benefits against metabolic diseases, aging, and cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, IF continues to gain attention as a preventative and therapeutic intervention to counteract these chronic diseases. Although numerous animal studies have reported positive health benefits of IF, its feasibility and efficacy in clinical settings remain controversial. Importantly, since dietary interventions such as IF have systemic effects, thoroughly investigating the tissue-specific changes in animal models is crucial to identify IF's mechanism and evaluate its potential adverse effects in humans. As such, we will review and compare the outcomes and underlying mechanisms of IF in both animal and human studies. Moreover, the limitations of IF and inconsistencies between preclinical and clinical studies will be discussed to provide insight into the gaps between translating research from bench to bedside.

  • Assessment of the Metabolic Effects of Isocaloric 2:1 Intermittent Fasting in Mice.
    Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE, 2019
    Co-Authors: Ri Youn Kim, Hoon Ki Sung, Ju Hee Lee, Kyoung-han Kim
    Abstract:

    Intermittent Fasting (IF), a dietary intervention involving periodic energy restriction, has been considered to provide numerous benefits and counteract metabolic abnormalities. So far, different types of IF models with varying durations of Fasting and feeding periods have been documented. However, interpreting the outcomes is challenging, as many of these models involve multifactorial contributions from both time- and calorie-restriction strategies. For example, the alternate day Fasting model, often used as a rodent IF regimen, can result in underfeeding, suggesting that health benefits from this intervention are likely mediated via both caloric restriction and Fasting-refeeding cycles. Recently, it has been successfully demonstrated that 2:1 IF, comprising 1 day of Fasting followed by 2 days of feeding, can provide protection against diet-induced obesity and metabolic improvements without a reduction in overall caloric intake. Presented here is a protocol of this isocaloric 2:1 IF intervention in mice. Also described is a pair-feeding (PF) protocol required to examine a mouse model with altered eating behaviors, such as hyperphagia. Using the 2:1 IF regimen, it is demonstrated that isocaloric IF leads to reduced body weight gain, improved glucose homeostasis, and elevated energy expenditure. Thus, this regimen may be useful to investigate the health impacts of IF on various disease conditions.

Sakiko Honjoh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • signalling through rheb 1 mediates Intermittent Fasting induced longevity in c elegans
    Nature, 2009
    Co-Authors: Sakiko Honjoh, Takuya Yamamoto, Eisuke Nishida
    Abstract:

    Dietary restriction can extend lifespan in various species. In mammals, Intermittent Fasting can also extend lifespan and reduce the incidence of age-related disorders, even when there is little or no decrease in calorie intake. In a study of the molecular mechanisms associated with the beneficial effect of Intermittent Fasting, Honjoh et al. established a Fasting regime that extends the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans, and show that the low molecular weight GTPase RHEB-1 has a dual role in lifespan regulation. It is required for the Intermittent Fasting-induced longevity, whereas RHEB-1 inhibition mimics the effects of caloric restriction. RHEB-1 exerts its effects in Intermittent Fasting in part via the insulin/insulin growth factor-like signalling effector DAF-16. These findings may contribute to the development of dietary restriction mimetics intended to improve health without toxic side effects. Dietary restriction can extend lifespan in various species. In mammals, Intermittent Fasting can also extend lifespan and reduce the incidence of age-related disorders. It is shown that Intermittent Fasting can effectively extend the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans, and that the low molecular weight GTPase RHEB-1 has a central role in lifespan regulation. Dietary restriction is the most effective and reproducible intervention to extend lifespan in divergent species1. In mammals, two regimens of dietary restriction, Intermittent Fasting (IF) and chronic caloric restriction, have proven to extend lifespan and reduce the incidence of age-related disorders2. An important characteristic of IF is that it can increase lifespan even when there is little or no overall decrease in calorie intake2. The molecular mechanisms underlying IF-induced longevity, however, remain largely unknown. Here we establish an IF regimen that effectively extends the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans, and show that the low molecular weight GTPase RHEB-1 has a dual role in lifespan regulation; RHEB-1 is required for the IF-induced longevity, whereas inhibition of RHEB-1 mimics the caloric-restriction effects. RHEB-1 exerts its effects in part by the insulin/insulin growth factor (IGF)-like signalling effector DAF-16 in IF. Our analyses demonstrate that most Fasting-induced upregulated genes require RHEB-1 function for their induction, and that RHEB-1 and TOR signalling are required for the Fasting-induced downregulation of an insulin-like peptide, INS-7. These findings identify the essential role of signalling by RHEB-1 in IF-induced longevity and gene expression changes, and suggest a molecular link between the IF-induced longevity and the insulin/IGF-like signalling pathway.

  • Signalling through RHEB-1 mediates Intermittent Fasting-induced longevity in C. elegans
    Nature, 2009
    Co-Authors: Sakiko Honjoh, Masaharu Uno, Takuya Yamamoto, Eisuke Nishida
    Abstract:

    Dietary restriction is the most effective and reproducible intervention to extend lifespan in divergent species. In mammals, two regimens of dietary restriction, Intermittent Fasting (IF) and chronic caloric restriction, have proven to extend lifespan and reduce the incidence of age-related disorders. An important characteristic of IF is that it can increase lifespan even when there is little or no overall decrease in calorie intake. The molecular mechanisms underlying IF-induced longevity, however, remain largely unknown. Here we establish an IF regimen that effectively extends the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans, and show that the low molecular weight GTPase RHEB-1 has a dual role in lifespan regulation; RHEB-1 is required for the IF-induced longevity, whereas inhibition of RHEB-1 mimics the caloric-restriction effects. RHEB-1 exerts its effects in part by the insulin/insulin growth factor (IGF)-like signalling effector DAF-16 in IF. Our analyses demonstrate that most Fasting-induced upregulated genes require RHEB-1 function for their induction, and that RHEB-1 and TOR signalling are required for the Fasting-induced downregulation of an insulin-like peptide, INS-7. These findings identify the essential role of signalling by RHEB-1 in IF-induced longevity and gene expression changes, and suggest a molecular link between the IF-induced longevity and the insulin/IGF-like signalling pathway.

Takuya Yamamoto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • signalling through rheb 1 mediates Intermittent Fasting induced longevity in c elegans
    Nature, 2009
    Co-Authors: Sakiko Honjoh, Takuya Yamamoto, Eisuke Nishida
    Abstract:

    Dietary restriction can extend lifespan in various species. In mammals, Intermittent Fasting can also extend lifespan and reduce the incidence of age-related disorders, even when there is little or no decrease in calorie intake. In a study of the molecular mechanisms associated with the beneficial effect of Intermittent Fasting, Honjoh et al. established a Fasting regime that extends the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans, and show that the low molecular weight GTPase RHEB-1 has a dual role in lifespan regulation. It is required for the Intermittent Fasting-induced longevity, whereas RHEB-1 inhibition mimics the effects of caloric restriction. RHEB-1 exerts its effects in Intermittent Fasting in part via the insulin/insulin growth factor-like signalling effector DAF-16. These findings may contribute to the development of dietary restriction mimetics intended to improve health without toxic side effects. Dietary restriction can extend lifespan in various species. In mammals, Intermittent Fasting can also extend lifespan and reduce the incidence of age-related disorders. It is shown that Intermittent Fasting can effectively extend the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans, and that the low molecular weight GTPase RHEB-1 has a central role in lifespan regulation. Dietary restriction is the most effective and reproducible intervention to extend lifespan in divergent species1. In mammals, two regimens of dietary restriction, Intermittent Fasting (IF) and chronic caloric restriction, have proven to extend lifespan and reduce the incidence of age-related disorders2. An important characteristic of IF is that it can increase lifespan even when there is little or no overall decrease in calorie intake2. The molecular mechanisms underlying IF-induced longevity, however, remain largely unknown. Here we establish an IF regimen that effectively extends the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans, and show that the low molecular weight GTPase RHEB-1 has a dual role in lifespan regulation; RHEB-1 is required for the IF-induced longevity, whereas inhibition of RHEB-1 mimics the caloric-restriction effects. RHEB-1 exerts its effects in part by the insulin/insulin growth factor (IGF)-like signalling effector DAF-16 in IF. Our analyses demonstrate that most Fasting-induced upregulated genes require RHEB-1 function for their induction, and that RHEB-1 and TOR signalling are required for the Fasting-induced downregulation of an insulin-like peptide, INS-7. These findings identify the essential role of signalling by RHEB-1 in IF-induced longevity and gene expression changes, and suggest a molecular link between the IF-induced longevity and the insulin/IGF-like signalling pathway.

  • Signalling through RHEB-1 mediates Intermittent Fasting-induced longevity in C. elegans
    Nature, 2009
    Co-Authors: Sakiko Honjoh, Masaharu Uno, Takuya Yamamoto, Eisuke Nishida
    Abstract:

    Dietary restriction is the most effective and reproducible intervention to extend lifespan in divergent species. In mammals, two regimens of dietary restriction, Intermittent Fasting (IF) and chronic caloric restriction, have proven to extend lifespan and reduce the incidence of age-related disorders. An important characteristic of IF is that it can increase lifespan even when there is little or no overall decrease in calorie intake. The molecular mechanisms underlying IF-induced longevity, however, remain largely unknown. Here we establish an IF regimen that effectively extends the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans, and show that the low molecular weight GTPase RHEB-1 has a dual role in lifespan regulation; RHEB-1 is required for the IF-induced longevity, whereas inhibition of RHEB-1 mimics the caloric-restriction effects. RHEB-1 exerts its effects in part by the insulin/insulin growth factor (IGF)-like signalling effector DAF-16 in IF. Our analyses demonstrate that most Fasting-induced upregulated genes require RHEB-1 function for their induction, and that RHEB-1 and TOR signalling are required for the Fasting-induced downregulation of an insulin-like peptide, INS-7. These findings identify the essential role of signalling by RHEB-1 in IF-induced longevity and gene expression changes, and suggest a molecular link between the IF-induced longevity and the insulin/IGF-like signalling pathway.

Benjamin D Horne - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • abstract 10043 Intermittent Fasting lifestyle and incidence of heart failure and myocardial infarction in cardiac catheterization patients
    Circulation, 2019
    Co-Authors: Ciera L Bartholomew, Jeffrey L Anderson, Heidi T May, Kirk U Knowlton, Tami L Bair, Bruce W Bailey, Joseph B Muhlestein, Benjamin D Horne
    Abstract:

    Background: Intermittent Fasting (IF) and longevity research has been a topic of interest for over half a century. However, studies assessing the effects of Fasting on cardiac outcomes is limited. ...

  • abstract 11123 Intermittent Fasting lifestyle and human longevity in cardiac catheterization populations
    Circulation, 2019
    Co-Authors: Benjamin D Horne, Ciera L Bartholomew, Jeffrey L Anderson, Heidi T May, Kirk U Knowlton, Tami L Bair, Bruce W Bailey, Joseph B Muhlestein
    Abstract:

    Introduction: Since a rodent study of Intermittent Fasting (IF) and survival in 1946, animal models have repeatedly shown IF increases longevity. Human data, though, are limited to anecdotal longev...

  • clinical management of Intermittent Fasting in patients with diabetes mellitus
    Nutrients, 2019
    Co-Authors: Martin M Grajower, Benjamin D Horne
    Abstract:

    Intermittent Fasting is increasing in popularity as a means of losing weight and controlling chronic illness. Patients with diabetes mellitus, both types 1 and 2, comprise about 10% of the population in the United States and would likely be attracted to follow one of the many methods of Intermittent Fasting. Studies on the safety and benefits of Intermittent Fasting with diabetes are very limited though, and health recommendations unfortunately today arise primarily from weight loss gurus and animal studies. Medical guidelines on how to manage therapeutic Intermittent Fasting in patients with diabetes are non-existent. The evidence to build such a clinical guideline for people with a diabetes diagnosis is almost non-existent, with just one randomized trial and several case reports. This article provides an overview of the available knowledge and a review of the very limited pertinent literature on the effects of Intermittent Fasting among people with diabetes. It also evaluates the known safety and efficacy issues surrounding treatments for diabetes in the Fasting state. Based on those limited data and a knowledge of best practices, this paper proposes expert-based guidelines on how to manage a patient with either type 1 or 2 diabetes who is interested in Intermittent Fasting. The safety of each relevant pharmaceutical treatment during a Fasting period is considered. When done under the supervision of the patient’s healthcare provider, and with appropriate personal glucose monitoring, Intermittent Fasting can be safely undertaken in patients with diabetes.