The Experts below are selected from a list of 180 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Simon Johnson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • framework for understanding cybersecurity impacts on International Trade
    Social Science Research Network, 2019
    Co-Authors: Keman Huang, Stuart E Madnick, Simon Johnson
    Abstract:

    Cybersecurity concern is becoming a key issue for Trade Policy. Issues of International Trade Policy have recently gained increased attention. Of course, restrictions on International Trade regarding technology have long existed – on imports and exports, as well as on direct foreign investment in the United States. But cybersecurity has not been a key issue for Trade Policy – until now. This is because of the wide adoption of information and communications technologies (ICTs), like the Internet-of-Things (IoT), cloud computing, and big data analysis in the digital society.

  • interactions between cybersecurity and International Trade a systematic framework
    Social Science Research Network, 2018
    Co-Authors: Keman Huang, Stuart E Madnick, Simon Johnson
    Abstract:

    Issues of International Trade Policy have gained increased attention while cybersecurity has not been a key issue for Trade Policy until recently. Cybersecurity concerns have presented significant challenges, and cybersecurity-related allegations have become a major source of growing commercial disputes. The future of cybersecurity in International Trade will shape not only cyberspace for the countries directly, but also the broader globalized society. However, it is still not clear how cybersecurity and International Trade can impact each other, whether the current implemented policies can sufficiently resolve problems, and what can be done to retune the negative impacts of cybersecurity concerns on International Trade. To investigate these influences, this paper uses real-world case study, in-depth domain subject expert interviews and workshop practices to develop a systematic framework to understand the relations between cybersecurity concern and International Trade. We focus on the different types of cybersecurity concerns, national and organizational actions for cybersecurity concerns and global supply chain management. From these we identify three scenarios (regulation compliance scenario, supply chain strategy scenario and geopolitical scenario) and three mechanisms (the gap between national cybersecurity concerns, public-private cybersecurity management and supply chain risk management) which represent the interaction between cybersecurity concern and International Trade. This study reveals that cybersecurity concerns in International Trade are not just a regulation compliance issue but should be considered a business strategy issue and geopolitical issue. More importantly, to return the current “tit for tat” circle, businesses should not only passively react to cybersecurity concerns in International Trade context, but need to actively involve themselves in cybersecurity concerns mitigation and Policy implementation procedures. In this way, cybersecurity concern pressure can even be used to improve the global supply chain and create competitive advantage.

Peter J Neary - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • measuring the restrictiveness of International Trade Policy
    Research Papers in Economics, 2005
    Co-Authors: James E Anderson, Peter J Neary
    Abstract:

    A country's stance on International Trade is an important component of its economic welfare. Yet relatively little theoretical attention has been paid to developing accurate methods to assess Trade policies, leaving practitioners and Policy makers with ad hoc solutions that lack theoretical foundation. In this book, James Anderson and Peter Neary present a new approach to gauging Trade restrictiveness. Extending the standard theory of index numbers that apply to prices, output, or productivity, Anderson and Neary develop index numbers that apply directly to Policy variables. Their theoretical work builds on, and extends, the standard theory of Policy reform in open economics; their empirical findings illustrate how the new indexes can be applied and show the resulting difference in the assessment of Trade restrictiveness. Thus their book will be of interest to both theorists and practitioners. After giving a nontechnical introduction to the topic, which includes a discussion of the theoretical and practical failings of other methods of measurement, Anderson and Neary propose two new indexes, the welfare-equivalent uniform tariff and the import-volume-equivalent uniform tariff, and present the theoretical foundation for these methods. The empirical work that follows applies the new approach to a range of issues, including the Trade restrictiveness of domestic distortions and the use of a computable general equilibrium model to calculate the proposed measures of Trade restrictiveness.

  • pitfalls in the theory of International Trade Policy concertina reforms of tariffs and subsidies to high technology industries
    The Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 1998
    Co-Authors: Peter J Neary
    Abstract:

    This paper explores the links between International Trade theory and the practice of Trade and industrial Policy in open economies, with special attention to three areas where theoretical lessons have been misunderstood in Policy debates. The author argues that the 'concertina rule' for tariff reform justifies reductions in high tariffs but not moves toward uniformity and particularly not increases in low tariffs. He shows that the basic principles of tariff reform are the same in unilateral, multilateral, and customs union contexts. Finally, the author suggests that the theory of strategic Trade Policy does not justify subsidies to high-technology industries.

  • pitfalls in the theory of International Trade Policy concertina reforms of tariffs and subsidies to high technology industries
    Social Science Research Network, 1997
    Co-Authors: Peter J Neary
    Abstract:

    This paper explores the links between International Trade theory and the practice of Trade and industrial Policy in open economies, with special attention to three areas where theoretical lessons have been misunderstood in Policy debates. It argues that the "concertina rule" for tariff reform justifies reductions in high tariffs, but not moves towards uniformity and particularly not increases in low tariffs. It shows that the basic principles of tariff reform are the same in unilateral, multilateral and customs union contexts. Finally, the paper suggests that the theory of strategic Trade Policy does not justify subsidies to high-technology industries.

  • pitfalls in the theory of International Trade Policy concertina reforms of tariffs and subsidies to high technology industries
    Research Papers in Economics, 1997
    Co-Authors: Peter J Neary
    Abstract:

    This paper explores the links between International Trade theory and the practice of Trade and industrial Policy in open economies, with special attention to three areas where theoretical lessons have been misunderstood in Policy debates. I argue that the "concertina rule" for tariff reform justifies reductions in high tariffs but not moves towards uniformity and particularly not increases in low tariffs. I show that the basic principles of tariff reform are the same in unilateral, multilateral and customs union contexts. Finally, I suggest that the theory of strategic Trade Policy does not justify subsidies to high-technology industries.

Kristen Pue - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the puzzle of agricultural exceptionalism in International Trade Policy
    Social Science Research Network, 2015
    Co-Authors: Michael J Trebilcock, Kristen Pue
    Abstract:

    This article first seeks to demonstrate the exceptional levels of protectionism accorded to the agricultural sector, especially in many developed countries. It reviews the principal protectionist measures employed: domestic subsidies and price supports, production restrictions, and border measures; describes briefly the disciplines applicable to these measures under World Trade Organization law; and then surveys empirical evidence on the extent of protectionism that prevails in the agricultural sector in many countries. Next, it evaluates the principal normative justifications often offered for exceptional levels of agricultural protectionism: ensuring access to affordable food; ensuring a livable income for farmers; and preserving traditional rural lifestyles and communities. It finds that these are not especially compelling either relative to many other economic sectors or in terms of first-best Policy responses to the normative concerns in question. The article then considers political economy explanations for exceptional levels of protectionism in agriculture — including Public Choice explanations and the transitional gains trap — which, while providing some purchase on the phenomenon, are again not completely compelling. The article concludes with some observations on how liberalization of Trade in agricultural products might be advanced in the future.

Keman Huang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • framework for understanding cybersecurity impacts on International Trade
    Social Science Research Network, 2019
    Co-Authors: Keman Huang, Stuart E Madnick, Simon Johnson
    Abstract:

    Cybersecurity concern is becoming a key issue for Trade Policy. Issues of International Trade Policy have recently gained increased attention. Of course, restrictions on International Trade regarding technology have long existed – on imports and exports, as well as on direct foreign investment in the United States. But cybersecurity has not been a key issue for Trade Policy – until now. This is because of the wide adoption of information and communications technologies (ICTs), like the Internet-of-Things (IoT), cloud computing, and big data analysis in the digital society.

  • interactions between cybersecurity and International Trade a systematic framework
    Social Science Research Network, 2018
    Co-Authors: Keman Huang, Stuart E Madnick, Simon Johnson
    Abstract:

    Issues of International Trade Policy have gained increased attention while cybersecurity has not been a key issue for Trade Policy until recently. Cybersecurity concerns have presented significant challenges, and cybersecurity-related allegations have become a major source of growing commercial disputes. The future of cybersecurity in International Trade will shape not only cyberspace for the countries directly, but also the broader globalized society. However, it is still not clear how cybersecurity and International Trade can impact each other, whether the current implemented policies can sufficiently resolve problems, and what can be done to retune the negative impacts of cybersecurity concerns on International Trade. To investigate these influences, this paper uses real-world case study, in-depth domain subject expert interviews and workshop practices to develop a systematic framework to understand the relations between cybersecurity concern and International Trade. We focus on the different types of cybersecurity concerns, national and organizational actions for cybersecurity concerns and global supply chain management. From these we identify three scenarios (regulation compliance scenario, supply chain strategy scenario and geopolitical scenario) and three mechanisms (the gap between national cybersecurity concerns, public-private cybersecurity management and supply chain risk management) which represent the interaction between cybersecurity concern and International Trade. This study reveals that cybersecurity concerns in International Trade are not just a regulation compliance issue but should be considered a business strategy issue and geopolitical issue. More importantly, to return the current “tit for tat” circle, businesses should not only passively react to cybersecurity concerns in International Trade context, but need to actively involve themselves in cybersecurity concerns mitigation and Policy implementation procedures. In this way, cybersecurity concern pressure can even be used to improve the global supply chain and create competitive advantage.

Cathy R Wessells - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.