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Christine R Harris - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Jealousy in dogs.
PloS one, 2014Co-Authors: Christine R Harris, Caroline ProuvostAbstract:It is commonly assumed that Jealousy is unique to humans, partially because of the complex cognitions often involved in this emotion. However, from a functional perspective, one might expect that an emotion that evolved to protect social bonds from interlopers might exist in other social species, particularly one as cognitively sophisticated as the dog. The current experiment adapted a paradigm from human infant studies to examine Jealousy in domestic dogs. We found that dogs exhibited significantly more jealous behaviors (e.g., snapping, getting between the owner and object, pushing/touching the object/owner) when their owners displayed affectionate behaviors towards what appeared to be another dog as compared to nonsocial objects. These results lend support to the hypothesis that Jealousy has some "primordial" form that exists in human infants and in at least one other social species besides humans.
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Handbook of Jealousy: Theory, Research, and Multidisciplinary Approaches - Jealousy in Adulthood
Handbook of Jealousy, 2010Co-Authors: Christine R Harris, Ryan S. DarbyAbstract:There is no doubt that Jealousy is a source of great personal misery and an emotion with far-reaching social consequences. For example, Jealousy is frequently implicated as a factor in relationship dissolution, spousal abuse and even murder (Daly & Wilson, 1988; Harris, 2003a). Despite its destructive side, Jealousy also may have some positive effects for individuals and relationships. For example, it alerts one to relationship threats and can motivate behaviors that protect the relationship. This chapter will focus on Jealousy in adulthood, particularly as it occurs in romantic relationships, given that this is the area that has received the most empirical attention. We begin with a discussion of theoretical approaches and conceptual debates on the nature and function of Jealousy. The next sections cover factors that impact the elicitation, experience, and expression of Jealousy including adult attachment styles, relationship variables, attributional processes, rival characteristics, and gender. We also examine Jealousy at its most dire, including Jealousy-inspired homicide and pathological Jealousy. We then discuss empirical challenges faced by the field and present some new studies that actively elicit Jealousy in the laboratory.
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Jealousy in adulthood
2010Co-Authors: Christine R Harris, Ryan S. DarbyAbstract:There is no doubt that Jealousy is a source of great personal misery and an emotion with far-reaching social consequences. For example, Jealousy is frequently implicated as a factor in relationship dissolution, spousal abuse and even murder (Daly & Wilson, 1988; Harris, 2003a). Despite its destructive side, Jealousy also may have some positive effects for individuals and relationships. For example, it alerts one to relationship threats and can motivate behaviors that protect the relationship. This chapter will focus on Jealousy in adulthood, particularly as it occurs in romantic relationships, given that this is the area that has received the most empirical attention. We begin with a discussion of theoretical approaches and conceptual debates on the nature and function of Jealousy. The next sections cover factors that impact the elicitation, experience, and expression of Jealousy including adult attachment styles, relationship variables, attributional processes, rival characteristics, and gender. We also examine Jealousy at its most dire, including Jealousy-inspired homicide and pathological Jealousy. We then discuss empirical challenges faced by the field and present some new studies that actively elicit Jealousy in the laboratory.
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Jealousy: novel methods and neural correlates.
Emotion (Washington D.C.), 2009Co-Authors: Eddie Harmon-jones, Carly K. Peterson, Christine R HarrisAbstract:Because of the difficulties surrounding the evocation of Jealousy, past research has relied on reactions to hypothetical scenarios and recall of past experiences of Jealousy. Both methodologies have limitations, however. The present research was designed to develop a method of evoking Jealousy in the laboratory that would be well controlled, ethically permissible, and psychologically meaningful. Study 1 demonstrated that Jealousy could be evoked in a modified version of K. D. Williams' (2007) Cyberball ostracism paradigm in which the rejecting person was computer-generated. Study 2, the first to examine neural activity during the active experience of Jealousy, tested whether experienced Jealousy was associated with greater relative left or right frontal cortical activation. The findings revealed that the experience of Jealousy was correlated with greater relative left frontal cortical activation toward the "sexually" desired partner. This pattern of activation suggests that Jealousy is associated with approach motivation. Taken together, the present studies developed a laboratory paradigm for the study of Jealousy that should help foster research on one of the most social of emotions.
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a review of sex differences in sexual Jealousy including self report data psychophysiological responses interpersonal violence and morbid Jealousy
Personality and Social Psychology Review, 2003Co-Authors: Christine R HarrisAbstract:The specific innate modular theory of Jealousy hypothesizes that natural selection shaped sexual Jealousy as a mechanism to prevent cuckoldry, and emotional Jealousy as a mechanism to prevent resource loss. Therefore, men should be primarily jealous over a mate's sexual infidelity and women over a mate's emotional infidelity. Five lines of evidence have been offered as support: self report responses, psychophysiological data, domestic violence (including spousal abuse and homicide), and morbid Jealousy cases. This article reviews each line of evidence and finds only one hypothetical measure consistent with the hypothesis. This, however, is contradicted by a variety of other measures (including reported reactions to real infidelity). A meta-analysis of Jealousy-inspired homicides, taking into account base rates for murder, found no evidence that Jealousy disproportionately motivates men to kill. The findings are discussed from a social-cognitive theoretical perspective.
Jennifer L. Bevan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Relational Uncertainty as a Consequence of Partner Jealousy Expressions
Communication Studies, 2009Co-Authors: Jennifer L. Bevan, Karin D. TidgewellAbstract:The present study examines how the relational-uncertainty levels of individuals whose partners are jealous (i.e., “Jealousy targets”) are predicted by how partners express Jealousy. Students and community members completed a questionnaire where they recalled an instance when they were the recipients of their romantic partners' expression of Jealousy. In general, Jealousy-target relational uncertainty was positively predicted by a majority of negative and general behavioral partner Jealousy expressions. However, positive partner Jealousy expressions were not generally associated with Jealousy-target relational uncertainty. Implications for the theoretical understanding of relational uncertainty and consequences of partner Jealousy expression are discussed.
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Testing and Refining a Consequence Model of Jealousy Across Relational Contexts and Jealousy Expression Messages
Communication Reports, 2006Co-Authors: Jennifer L. BevanAbstract:An empirically tested model of an individual's cognitive and emotional consequences to a close relational partner's Jealousy expression is described and tested. Specifically, general partner uncertainty, relational uncertainty, negative Jealousy-related emotion, and rumination are examined in concert with one another as consequences of partner Jealousy expression. Path modeling techniques reveal that one of two competing consequence models of Jealousy fit the data: Upon partner Jealousy expression, the jealous target first experiences general partner uncertainty, which leads to relational uncertainty, which leads to rumination, which finally leads to negative Jealousy-related emotion. This model spans both close relationship types and specific methods of Jealousy expression. Implications of this model for the theoretical pursuit of Jealousy research are discussed.
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Negative Jealousy-Related Emotion Rumination as Consequences of Romantic Partner, Cross-Sex Friend, and Sibling Jealousy Expression
Communication Studies, 2006Co-Authors: Jennifer L. Bevan, Jerold L. HaleAbstract:Negative Jealousy-related emotion and rumination are examined as consequences of a close relational partner's Jealousy expression. Specifically, relationship type (i.e., sibling relationships, cross-sex friendships, and dating partners) and three of Guerrero et al.'s (1995) forms of Jealousy expression (i.e., distributive communication, integrative communication, and negative affect expression) are compared according to negative Jealousy-related emotion and rumination following a hypothetical partner Jealousy expression situation. Siblings and dating partners reported experiencing more intense negative emotion than cross-sex friends after partner Jealousy expression. Further, participants reported ruminating more after their partners used distributive communication compared with integrative communication or negative affect expression to express Jealousy. Emotional intensity did not vary according to type of Jealousy expression and rumination did not vary with regard to relationship type. Practical and the...
Patricia Noller - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Romantic Jealousy and Relationship Satisfaction: The Costs of Rumination
Western Journal of Communication, 2013Co-Authors: Rachel A Elphinston, Patricia Noller, Judith A. Feeney, Jason P. Connor, Jennifer FitzgeraldAbstract:The experience of romantic Jealousy and its influence on relationship outcomes is unclear. Romantic Jealousy is often associated with damaging effects; on the other hand, Jealousy is linked to positive relationship outcomes such as increased commitment. In this study, we aimed to address inconsistencies in previous research by proposing rumination as a mediator between romantic Jealousy (cognitive Jealousy and surveillance behaviors) and relationship dissatisfaction. We also aimed to extend our understanding of behavioral responses to Jealousy, and in particular, partner surveillance and its link to relational dissatisfaction by proposing a research question. Overall, there were two paths to relationship dissatisfaction: Cognitive Jealousy and surveillance behaviors were associated with relationship dissatisfaction via rumination, and cognitive Jealousy was also directly associated with relationship dissatisfaction. Interestingly, surveillance behaviors were directly associated with relationship satisfaction. From these results, rumination is highlighted as a factor in explaining the link between romantic Jealousy and relationship dissatisfaction. Clinical implications are discussed.
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time to face it facebook intrusion and the implications for romantic Jealousy and relationship satisfaction
Cyberpsychology Behavior and Social Networking, 2011Co-Authors: Rachel A Elphinston, Patricia NollerAbstract:Abstract Young people's exposure to social network sites such as Facebook is increasing, along with the potential for such use to complicate romantic relationships. Yet, little is known about the overlaps between the online and offline worlds. We extended previous research by investigating the links between Facebook intrusion, Jealousy in romantic relationships, and relationship outcomes in a sample of undergraduates currently in a romantic relationship. A Facebook Intrusion Questionnaire was developed based on key features of technological (behavioral) addictions. An eight-item Facebook Intrusion Questionnaire with a single-factor structure was supported; internal consistency was high. Facebook intrusion was linked to relationship dissatisfaction, via jealous cognitions and surveillance behaviors. The results highlight the possibility of high levels of Facebook intrusion spilling over into romantic relationships, resulting in problems such as Jealousy and dissatisfaction. The results have implications fo...
Desiree Mcdonald - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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swings and roundabouts management of Jealousy in heterosexual swinging couples
British Journal of Social Psychology, 2007Co-Authors: Richard O De Visser, Desiree McdonaldAbstract:Swinging involves consensual mutual involvement in extra-dyadic sex. Jealousy in swinging couples is an interesting topic for social psychological research, because it is a common and acceptable response to a romantic partner's real or imagined infidelity. This qualitative study examined the management of Jealousy among four active heterosexual swinging couples living in southern England. Participants highlighted the importance of discussion and negotiation to develop a shared couple identity and shared rules and boundaries that allowed them to manage Jealousy so that they could better enjoy swinging. Rather than seeking to eliminate Jealousy, swingers may manage their feelings of Jealousy in order to increase sexual excitement and arousal. This study adds to our understanding of Jealousy among swingers and the broader issue of Jealousy in intimate relationships.
Brooke A Scelza - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Jealousy in a small scale natural fertility population the roles of paternity investment and love in jealous response
Evolution and Human Behavior, 2014Co-Authors: Brooke A ScelzaAbstract:article i nfo Evolutionary scientists have predicted a universal sex difference in response to different forms of infidelity, with men expected to be more upset than women by a sexual infidelity when both a sexual transgression and an emotional transgression occur. Although this finding has proven to be robust, the vast majority of studies have occurred in industrialized countries and student populations. Here I present the first test of the Jealousy hypothesis among a small-scale, natural fertility population, the Himba of Namibia. In this population, the majority of both men and women report greater distress over a sexual infidelity, with men reaching an almost unanimous consensus (96%). Despite the skew for both men and women, there is a significant sex difference in the direction predicted by the evolutionary hypothesis, providing further support for this view. The increased risks of both pregnancy and paternity loss that occur in this natural fertility population may help to explain why these results differ from previously studied populations. More broadly, these data suggest that both the type and the intensity of Jealousy expressed may be facultative responses and that further investigation of correlates related to life history trade-offs, forms of investment, and the sexual division of labor can help us to understand the inter-cultural variation in jealous response.