Lactose

14,000,000 Leading Edge Experts on the ideXlab platform

Scan Science and Technology

Contact Leading Edge Experts & Companies

Scan Science and Technology

Contact Leading Edge Experts & Companies

The Experts below are selected from a list of 127791 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Jeremy D Sanderson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • review article Lactose intolerance in clinical practice myths and realities
    Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 2007
    Co-Authors: Miranda Lomer, Jeremy D Sanderson, Gareth Parkes
    Abstract:

    Summary Background  Approximately 70% of the world population has hypolactasia, which often remains undiagnosed and has the potential to cause some morbidity. However, not everyone has Lactose intolerance, as several nutritional and genetic factors influence tolerance. Aims  To review current clinical practice and identify published literature on the management of Lactose intolerance. Methods  PubMed was searched using the terms Lactose, lactase and diet to find original research and reviews. Relevant articles and clinical experience provided the basis for this review. Results  Lactose is found only in mammalian milk and is hydrolysed by lactase in the small intestine. The lactase gene has recently been identified. ‘Wild-type’ is characterized by lactase nonpersistence, often leading to Lactose intolerance. Two genetic polymorphisms responsible for persistence have been identified, with their distribution concentrated in north Europeans. Symptoms of Lactose intolerance include abdominal pain, bloating, flatulence and diarrhoea. Diagnosis is most commonly by the Lactose hydrogen breath test. However, most people with hypolactasia, if given appropriate advice, can tolerate some Lactose-containing foods without symptoms. Conclusion  In clinical practice, some people with Lactose intolerance can consume milk and dairy foods without developing symptoms, whereas others will need Lactose restriction.

  • Review article: Lactose intolerance in clinical practice – myths and realities
    Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 2007
    Co-Authors: Miranda Lomer, Gareth Parkes, Jeremy D Sanderson
    Abstract:

    Summary Background  Approximately 70% of the world population has hypolactasia, which often remains undiagnosed and has the potential to cause some morbidity. However, not everyone has Lactose intolerance, as several nutritional and genetic factors influence tolerance. Aims  To review current clinical practice and identify published literature on the management of Lactose intolerance. Methods  PubMed was searched using the terms Lactose, lactase and diet to find original research and reviews. Relevant articles and clinical experience provided the basis for this review. Results  Lactose is found only in mammalian milk and is hydrolysed by lactase in the small intestine. The lactase gene has recently been identified. ‘Wild-type’ is characterized by lactase nonpersistence, often leading to Lactose intolerance. Two genetic polymorphisms responsible for persistence have been identified, with their distribution concentrated in north Europeans. Symptoms of Lactose intolerance include abdominal pain, bloating, flatulence and diarrhoea. Diagnosis is most commonly by the Lactose hydrogen breath test. However, most people with hypolactasia, if given appropriate advice, can tolerate some Lactose-containing foods without symptoms. Conclusion  In clinical practice, some people with Lactose intolerance can consume milk and dairy foods without developing symptoms, whereas others will need Lactose restriction.

Miranda Lomer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • review article Lactose intolerance in clinical practice myths and realities
    Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 2007
    Co-Authors: Miranda Lomer, Jeremy D Sanderson, Gareth Parkes
    Abstract:

    Summary Background  Approximately 70% of the world population has hypolactasia, which often remains undiagnosed and has the potential to cause some morbidity. However, not everyone has Lactose intolerance, as several nutritional and genetic factors influence tolerance. Aims  To review current clinical practice and identify published literature on the management of Lactose intolerance. Methods  PubMed was searched using the terms Lactose, lactase and diet to find original research and reviews. Relevant articles and clinical experience provided the basis for this review. Results  Lactose is found only in mammalian milk and is hydrolysed by lactase in the small intestine. The lactase gene has recently been identified. ‘Wild-type’ is characterized by lactase nonpersistence, often leading to Lactose intolerance. Two genetic polymorphisms responsible for persistence have been identified, with their distribution concentrated in north Europeans. Symptoms of Lactose intolerance include abdominal pain, bloating, flatulence and diarrhoea. Diagnosis is most commonly by the Lactose hydrogen breath test. However, most people with hypolactasia, if given appropriate advice, can tolerate some Lactose-containing foods without symptoms. Conclusion  In clinical practice, some people with Lactose intolerance can consume milk and dairy foods without developing symptoms, whereas others will need Lactose restriction.

  • Review article: Lactose intolerance in clinical practice – myths and realities
    Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 2007
    Co-Authors: Miranda Lomer, Gareth Parkes, Jeremy D Sanderson
    Abstract:

    Summary Background  Approximately 70% of the world population has hypolactasia, which often remains undiagnosed and has the potential to cause some morbidity. However, not everyone has Lactose intolerance, as several nutritional and genetic factors influence tolerance. Aims  To review current clinical practice and identify published literature on the management of Lactose intolerance. Methods  PubMed was searched using the terms Lactose, lactase and diet to find original research and reviews. Relevant articles and clinical experience provided the basis for this review. Results  Lactose is found only in mammalian milk and is hydrolysed by lactase in the small intestine. The lactase gene has recently been identified. ‘Wild-type’ is characterized by lactase nonpersistence, often leading to Lactose intolerance. Two genetic polymorphisms responsible for persistence have been identified, with their distribution concentrated in north Europeans. Symptoms of Lactose intolerance include abdominal pain, bloating, flatulence and diarrhoea. Diagnosis is most commonly by the Lactose hydrogen breath test. However, most people with hypolactasia, if given appropriate advice, can tolerate some Lactose-containing foods without symptoms. Conclusion  In clinical practice, some people with Lactose intolerance can consume milk and dairy foods without developing symptoms, whereas others will need Lactose restriction.

Gareth Parkes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • review article Lactose intolerance in clinical practice myths and realities
    Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 2007
    Co-Authors: Miranda Lomer, Jeremy D Sanderson, Gareth Parkes
    Abstract:

    Summary Background  Approximately 70% of the world population has hypolactasia, which often remains undiagnosed and has the potential to cause some morbidity. However, not everyone has Lactose intolerance, as several nutritional and genetic factors influence tolerance. Aims  To review current clinical practice and identify published literature on the management of Lactose intolerance. Methods  PubMed was searched using the terms Lactose, lactase and diet to find original research and reviews. Relevant articles and clinical experience provided the basis for this review. Results  Lactose is found only in mammalian milk and is hydrolysed by lactase in the small intestine. The lactase gene has recently been identified. ‘Wild-type’ is characterized by lactase nonpersistence, often leading to Lactose intolerance. Two genetic polymorphisms responsible for persistence have been identified, with their distribution concentrated in north Europeans. Symptoms of Lactose intolerance include abdominal pain, bloating, flatulence and diarrhoea. Diagnosis is most commonly by the Lactose hydrogen breath test. However, most people with hypolactasia, if given appropriate advice, can tolerate some Lactose-containing foods without symptoms. Conclusion  In clinical practice, some people with Lactose intolerance can consume milk and dairy foods without developing symptoms, whereas others will need Lactose restriction.

  • Review article: Lactose intolerance in clinical practice – myths and realities
    Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 2007
    Co-Authors: Miranda Lomer, Gareth Parkes, Jeremy D Sanderson
    Abstract:

    Summary Background  Approximately 70% of the world population has hypolactasia, which often remains undiagnosed and has the potential to cause some morbidity. However, not everyone has Lactose intolerance, as several nutritional and genetic factors influence tolerance. Aims  To review current clinical practice and identify published literature on the management of Lactose intolerance. Methods  PubMed was searched using the terms Lactose, lactase and diet to find original research and reviews. Relevant articles and clinical experience provided the basis for this review. Results  Lactose is found only in mammalian milk and is hydrolysed by lactase in the small intestine. The lactase gene has recently been identified. ‘Wild-type’ is characterized by lactase nonpersistence, often leading to Lactose intolerance. Two genetic polymorphisms responsible for persistence have been identified, with their distribution concentrated in north Europeans. Symptoms of Lactose intolerance include abdominal pain, bloating, flatulence and diarrhoea. Diagnosis is most commonly by the Lactose hydrogen breath test. However, most people with hypolactasia, if given appropriate advice, can tolerate some Lactose-containing foods without symptoms. Conclusion  In clinical practice, some people with Lactose intolerance can consume milk and dairy foods without developing symptoms, whereas others will need Lactose restriction.

Dongqi Tang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • preparation of Lactose free pasteurized milk with a recombinant thermostable β glucosidase from pyrococcus furiosus
    BMC Biotechnology, 2013
    Co-Authors: Zemin Wang, William Donelan, Xingli Wang, Taixing Cui, Dongqi Tang
    Abstract:

    Background Lactose intolerance is a common health concern causing gastrointestinal symptoms and avoidance of dairy products by afflicted individuals. Since milk is a primary source of calcium and vitamin D, Lactose intolerant individuals often obtain insufficient amounts of these nutrients which may lead to adverse health outcomes. Production of Lactose-free milk can provide a solution to this problem, although it requires use of lactase from microbial sources and increases potential for contamination. Use of thermostable lactase enzymes can overcome this issue by functioning under pasteurization conditions.

Benjamin Misselwitz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • update on Lactose malabsorption and intolerance pathogenesis diagnosis and clinical management
    Gut, 2019
    Co-Authors: Benjamin Misselwitz, Matthias Butter, Kristin Verbeke
    Abstract:

    Lactose is the main source of calories in milk, an essential nutriedigestion, patients with visceral hypersensitivity nt in infancy and a key part of the diet in populations that maintain the ability to digest this disaccharide in adulthood. Lactase deficiency (LD) is the failure to express the enzyme that hydrolyses Lactose into gaLactose and glucose in the small intestine. The genetic mechanism of lactase persistence in adult Caucasians is mediated by a single C→T nucleotide polymorphism at the LCTbo −13’910 locus on chromosome-2. Lactose malabsorption (LM) refers to any cause of failure to digest and/or absorb Lactose in the small intestine. This includes primary genetic and also secondary LD due to infection or other conditions that affect the mucosal integrity of the small bowel. Lactose intolerance (LI) is defined as the onset of abdominal symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating and diarrhoea after Lactose ingestion by an individual with LM. The likelihood of LI depends on the Lactose dose, lactase expression and the intestinal microbiome. Independent of Lactose digestion, patients with visceral hypersensitivity associated with anxiety or the Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) are at increased risk of the condition. Diagnostic investigations available to diagnose LM and LI include genetic, endoscopic and physiological tests. The association between self-reported LI, objective findings and clinical outcome of dietary intervention is variable. Treatment of LI can include low-Lactose diet, lactase supplementation and, potentially, colonic adaptation by prebiotics. The clinical outcome of these treatments is modest, because Lactose is just one of a number of poorly absorbed carbohydrates which can cause symptoms by similar mechanisms.

  • Lactose intolerance in adults biological mechanism and dietary management
    Nutrients, 2015
    Co-Authors: Yanyong Deng, Benjamin Misselwitz
    Abstract:

    Lactose intolerance related to primary or secondary lactase deficiency is characterized by abdominal pain and distension, borborygmi, flatus, and diarrhea induced by Lactose in dairy products. The biological mechanism and Lactose malabsorption is established and several investigations are available, including genetic, endoscopic and physiological tests. Lactose intolerance depends not only on the expression of lactase but also on the dose of Lactose, intestinal flora, gastrointestinal motility, small intestinal bacterial overgrowth and sensitivity of the gastrointestinal tract to the generation of gas and other fermentation products of Lactose digestion. Treatment of Lactose intolerance can include Lactose-reduced diet and enzyme replacement. This is effective if symptoms are only related to dairy products; however, Lactose intolerance can be part of a wider intolerance to variably absorbed, fermentable oligo-, di-, monosaccharides and polyols (FODMAPs). This is present in at least half of patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and this group requires not only restriction of Lactose intake but also a low FODMAP diet to improve gastrointestinal complaints. The long-term effects of a dairy-free, low FODMAPs diet on nutritional health and the fecal microbiome are not well defined. This review summarizes recent advances in our understanding of the genetic basis, biological mechanism, diagnosis and dietary management of Lactose intolerance.

  • Lactose malabsorption and intolerance pathogenesis diagnosis and treatment
    United European gastroenterology journal, 2013
    Co-Authors: Benjamin Misselwitz, Daniel Pohl, Heiko Fruhauf, Michael Fried, Stephan R Vavricka
    Abstract:

    Lactose malabsorption is a common condition caused by reduced expression or activity of lactase in the small intestine. In such patients, Lactose intolerance is characterized by abdominal symptoms (e.g. nausea, bloating, and pain) after ingestion of dairy products. The genetic basis of Lactose malabsorption is established and several tests for this condition are available, including genetic, endoscopic, and H2-breath tests. In contrast, Lactose intolerance is less well understood. Recent studies show that the risk of symptoms after Lactose ingestion depends on the dose of Lactose, lactase expression, intestinal flora, and sensitivity of the gastrointestinal tract. Lactose intolerance has recently been defined as symptoms developing after ingestion of Lactose which do not develop after placebo challenge in a person with Lactose maldigestion. Such blinded testing might be especially important in those with functional gastrointestinal diseases in whom self-reported Lactose intolerance is common. However, placebo-controlled testing is not part of current clinical practice. Updated protocols and high-quality outcome studies are needed. Treatment options of Lactose intolerance include Lactose-reduced diet and enzyme replacement. Documenting the response to multiple doses can guide rational dietary management; however, the clinical utility of this strategy has not been tested. This review summarizes the genetic basis, diagnosis, and treatment of Lactose malabsorption and intolerance.