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R A C Jones - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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first record of faba bean necrotic yellows virus and beet western yellows luteovirus affecting lentil and chickpea in pakistan
Plant Disease, 1998Co-Authors: K M Makkouk, Muhammad Bashir, R A C JonesAbstract:In an intensive survey of lentil and chickpea fields and Research Station plots in the Punjab province of Pakistan, more than 6,505 samples were collected and tested for presence of 14 different viruses by the tissue-blot immunoassay (TBIA) procedure (2). All antisera used were virus specific, including those for faba bean necrotic yellows virus (FBNYV) (1) and beet western yellows luteovirus (BWYV) (ATCC 647). Counting plants with virus symptoms greatly underestimated virus incidence in lentil crops but was a better guide to virus occurrence in chickpeas. Overall, about 1 in 5 plants of lentil were virus infected with 15% of fields having incidence over 50%. In contrast, levels of infection were mostly low in chickpea. Pea seed-borne mosaic virus (PSbMV) followed by cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), both of which are aphid- and seed-borne, were the most abundant viruses in Lentils, but also occurred in chickpea. PSbMV incidence was 17% in lentil and 0.1% in chickpea fields, whereas CMV incidence was 1% in lentil and 0.1% in chickpea fields. The other viruses found on both lentil and chickpea were FBNYV, BWYV, chickpea chlorotic dwarf geminivirus, chickpea luteovirus, and alfalfa mosaic alfamovirus. Because of yield losses associated with PSbMV infection, the high levels of infection in Lentils are cause for concern. This is the first record of FBNYV and BWYV affecting lentil and chickpea in Pakistan, but their incidence in the fields where they have been detected was low (less than 1%). FBNYV was detected in three of the 33 lentil and two of the 34 chickpea fields surveyed. BWYV was detected in two of the 33 lentil and three of the 34 chickpea fields surveyed. References: (1) A. Franz et al. Ann. Appl. Biol. 128:255, 1996. (2) K. M. Makkouk and A. Comeau. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 100:71, 1994.
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first record of faba bean necrotic yellows virus and beet western yellows luteovirus affecting lentil and chickpea in pakistan
Plant Disease, 1998Co-Authors: K M Makkouk, Muhammad Bashir, R A C JonesAbstract:In an intensive survey of lentil and chickpea fields and Research Station plots in the Punjab province of Pakistan, more than 6,505 samples were collected and tested for presence of 14 different viruses by the tissue-blot immunoassay (TBIA) procedure (2). All antisera used were virus specific, including those for faba bean necrotic yellows virus (FBNYV) (1) and beet western yellows luteovirus (BWYV) (ATCC 647). Counting plants with virus symptoms greatly underestimated virus incidence in lentil crops but was a better guide to virus occurrence in chickpeas. Overall, about 1 in 5 plants of lentil were virus infected with 15% of fields having incidence over 50%. In contrast, levels of infection were mostly low in chickpea. Pea seed-borne mosaic virus (PSbMV) followed by cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), both of which are aphid- and seed-borne, were the most abundant viruses in Lentils, but also occurred in chickpea. PSbMV incidence was 17% in lentil and 0.1% in chickpea fields, whereas CMV incidence was 1% in len...
Albert Vandenberg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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food as medicine selenium enriched Lentils offer relief against chronic arsenic poisoning in bangladesh
Environmental Research, 2019Co-Authors: Judit E G Smits, Albert Vandenberg, Regina M Krohn, Evana Akhtar, Samar Kumar Hore, Md Yunus, Rubhana RaqibAbstract:Abstract Chronic arsenic (As) exposure is a major environmental threat to human health affecting >100 million people worldwide. Low blood selenium (Se) increases the risk of As-induced health problems. Our aim was to reduce As toxicity through a naturally Se-rich lentil diet. In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-control trial in Bangladesh, 405 participants chronically exposed to As were enrolled. The intervention arm (Se-group) consumed Se-rich Lentils (55 μg Se/day); the control arm received Lentils of similar nutrient profile except with low Se (1.5 μg Se/day). Anthropometric measurements, blood, urine and stool samples, were taken at baseline, 3 and 6 months; hair at baseline and 6 months after intervention. Morbidity data were collected fortnightly. Measurements included total As in all biological samples, As metabolites in urine, and total Se in blood and urine. Intervention with Se-rich Lentils resulted in higher urinary As excretion (p = 0.001); increased body mass index (p ≤ 0.01), and lower incidence of asthma (p = 0.05) and allergy (p = 0.02) compared to the control group. The Se-group demonstrated increased excretion of urinary As metabolite, dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) at 6 months compared to control group (p = 0.008). Consuming Se-rich Lentils can increase As excretion and improve the health indicators in the presence of continued As exposure.
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improved folate monoglutamate extraction and application to folate quantification from wild lentil seeds by ultra performance liquid chromatography selective reaction monitoring mass spectrometry
Journal of Chromatography B, 2019Co-Authors: Haixia Zhang, Ambuj Bhushan Jha, Devini De Silva, Randy W Purves, Thomas D Warkentin, Albert VandenbergAbstract:Abstract Folates are important micronutrients in Lentils (Lens culinaris Medik.). In this work, the folate extraction workflow in ascorbate-containing buffer was optimized and validated, and the concentrations of eight folate monoglutamates in cultivated and six wild lentil species, grown under field or greenhouse conditions, were quantified by ultra-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS). In general wild lentil species had higher folate concentrations than cultivated genotypes. Lens tomentosus had the highest folate concentration with median values of 439.7 and 360.9 μg/100 g in the field and greenhouse, followed by Lens orientalis with 416.6 and 327.6 μg/100 g, respectively. A significant effect (P
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Venn diagram showing the number of nucleotide binding site-leucine rich repeat (NBS-LRR) resistance genes differentially expressed among lentil genotypes CDC Robin, 964a-46 and Eston after Ascochyta lentis infection.
2018Co-Authors: Ehsan Sari, Albert Vandenberg, Vijai Bhadauria, Larissa Ramsay, Hossein M. Borhan, Judith Lichtenzveig, Kirstin E. Bett, Sabine BannizaAbstract:Venn diagram showing the number of nucleotide binding site-leucine rich repeat (NBS-LRR) resistance genes differentially expressed among lentil genotypes CDC Robin, 964a-46 and Eston after Ascochyta lentis infection.
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treating chronic arsenic toxicity with high selenium lentil diets
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 2013Co-Authors: Shweta Sah, Albert Vandenberg, Judit E G SmitsAbstract:Arsenic (As) toxicity causes serious health problems in humans, especially in the Indo-Gangetic plains and mountainous areas of China. Selenium (Se), an essential micronutrient is a potential mitigator of As toxicity due to its antioxidant and antagonistic properties. Selenium is seriously deficient in soils world-wide but is present at high, yet non-toxic levels in the great plains of North America. We evaluate the potential of dietary Se in counteracting chronic As toxicity in rats through serum biochemistry, blood glutathione levels, immunotoxicity (antibody response), liver peroxidative stress, thyroid response and As levels in tissues and excreta. To achieve this, we compare diets based on high-Se Saskatchewan (SK) Lentils versus low-Se Lentils from United States. Rats drank control (0ppm As) or As (40ppm As) water while consuming SK Lentils (0.3ppm Se) or northwestern USA Lentils (<0.01ppm Se) diets for 14weeks. Rats on high Se diets had higher glutathione levels regardless of As exposure, recovered antibody responses in As-exposed group, higher fecal and urinary As excretion and lower renal As residues. Selenium deficiency caused greater hepatic peroxidative damage in the As exposed animals. Thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4), were not different. After 14weeks of As exposure, health indicators in rats improved in response to the high Se lentil diets. Our results indicate that high Se Lentils have a potential to mitigate As toxicity in laboratory mammals, which we hope will translate into benefits for As exposed humans.
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detection of common vetch vicia sativa l in lentil lens culinaris l using unique chemical fingerprint markers
Food Chemistry, 2012Co-Authors: Pushparajah Thavarajah, Dil Thavarajah, G A S Premakumara, Albert VandenbergAbstract:Abstract Detection of adulteration of split red lentil ( Lens culinaris L.) seeds with low level addition of split common vetch ( Vicia sativa L.) is hampered by a lack of reliable detection methods. An analytical method was developed using high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) based on two unique chemical markers found in common vetch: s-cyanoalanine (BCA) and γ-glutamyl-s-cyanoalanine (GCA). These two markers were present in samples of common vetch seed grown in Canada and Serbia. Authentic lentil samples grown in Canada, Australia, USA, Turkey, Syria, and Morocco had no detectable levels of these chemical markers. Commercial lentil samples for export from lentil processing plants in Saskatchewan, Canada, also had no detectable levels of GCA and BCA. The presence of vetch in intentionally adulterated lentil samples could be determined via chemical markers with a detection limit of 5% (w/w). The proposed method is a simple sample extraction and rapid HPLC analysis that could be widely used to detect intentional adulteration of Lentils with common vetch.
K M Makkouk - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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first record of faba bean necrotic yellows virus and beet western yellows luteovirus affecting lentil and chickpea in pakistan
Plant Disease, 1998Co-Authors: K M Makkouk, Muhammad Bashir, R A C JonesAbstract:In an intensive survey of lentil and chickpea fields and Research Station plots in the Punjab province of Pakistan, more than 6,505 samples were collected and tested for presence of 14 different viruses by the tissue-blot immunoassay (TBIA) procedure (2). All antisera used were virus specific, including those for faba bean necrotic yellows virus (FBNYV) (1) and beet western yellows luteovirus (BWYV) (ATCC 647). Counting plants with virus symptoms greatly underestimated virus incidence in lentil crops but was a better guide to virus occurrence in chickpeas. Overall, about 1 in 5 plants of lentil were virus infected with 15% of fields having incidence over 50%. In contrast, levels of infection were mostly low in chickpea. Pea seed-borne mosaic virus (PSbMV) followed by cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), both of which are aphid- and seed-borne, were the most abundant viruses in Lentils, but also occurred in chickpea. PSbMV incidence was 17% in lentil and 0.1% in chickpea fields, whereas CMV incidence was 1% in lentil and 0.1% in chickpea fields. The other viruses found on both lentil and chickpea were FBNYV, BWYV, chickpea chlorotic dwarf geminivirus, chickpea luteovirus, and alfalfa mosaic alfamovirus. Because of yield losses associated with PSbMV infection, the high levels of infection in Lentils are cause for concern. This is the first record of FBNYV and BWYV affecting lentil and chickpea in Pakistan, but their incidence in the fields where they have been detected was low (less than 1%). FBNYV was detected in three of the 33 lentil and two of the 34 chickpea fields surveyed. BWYV was detected in two of the 33 lentil and three of the 34 chickpea fields surveyed. References: (1) A. Franz et al. Ann. Appl. Biol. 128:255, 1996. (2) K. M. Makkouk and A. Comeau. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 100:71, 1994.
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first record of faba bean necrotic yellows virus and beet western yellows luteovirus affecting lentil and chickpea in pakistan
Plant Disease, 1998Co-Authors: K M Makkouk, Muhammad Bashir, R A C JonesAbstract:In an intensive survey of lentil and chickpea fields and Research Station plots in the Punjab province of Pakistan, more than 6,505 samples were collected and tested for presence of 14 different viruses by the tissue-blot immunoassay (TBIA) procedure (2). All antisera used were virus specific, including those for faba bean necrotic yellows virus (FBNYV) (1) and beet western yellows luteovirus (BWYV) (ATCC 647). Counting plants with virus symptoms greatly underestimated virus incidence in lentil crops but was a better guide to virus occurrence in chickpeas. Overall, about 1 in 5 plants of lentil were virus infected with 15% of fields having incidence over 50%. In contrast, levels of infection were mostly low in chickpea. Pea seed-borne mosaic virus (PSbMV) followed by cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), both of which are aphid- and seed-borne, were the most abundant viruses in Lentils, but also occurred in chickpea. PSbMV incidence was 17% in lentil and 0.1% in chickpea fields, whereas CMV incidence was 1% in len...
Muhammad Bashir - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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first record of faba bean necrotic yellows virus and beet western yellows luteovirus affecting lentil and chickpea in pakistan
Plant Disease, 1998Co-Authors: K M Makkouk, Muhammad Bashir, R A C JonesAbstract:In an intensive survey of lentil and chickpea fields and Research Station plots in the Punjab province of Pakistan, more than 6,505 samples were collected and tested for presence of 14 different viruses by the tissue-blot immunoassay (TBIA) procedure (2). All antisera used were virus specific, including those for faba bean necrotic yellows virus (FBNYV) (1) and beet western yellows luteovirus (BWYV) (ATCC 647). Counting plants with virus symptoms greatly underestimated virus incidence in lentil crops but was a better guide to virus occurrence in chickpeas. Overall, about 1 in 5 plants of lentil were virus infected with 15% of fields having incidence over 50%. In contrast, levels of infection were mostly low in chickpea. Pea seed-borne mosaic virus (PSbMV) followed by cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), both of which are aphid- and seed-borne, were the most abundant viruses in Lentils, but also occurred in chickpea. PSbMV incidence was 17% in lentil and 0.1% in chickpea fields, whereas CMV incidence was 1% in lentil and 0.1% in chickpea fields. The other viruses found on both lentil and chickpea were FBNYV, BWYV, chickpea chlorotic dwarf geminivirus, chickpea luteovirus, and alfalfa mosaic alfamovirus. Because of yield losses associated with PSbMV infection, the high levels of infection in Lentils are cause for concern. This is the first record of FBNYV and BWYV affecting lentil and chickpea in Pakistan, but their incidence in the fields where they have been detected was low (less than 1%). FBNYV was detected in three of the 33 lentil and two of the 34 chickpea fields surveyed. BWYV was detected in two of the 33 lentil and three of the 34 chickpea fields surveyed. References: (1) A. Franz et al. Ann. Appl. Biol. 128:255, 1996. (2) K. M. Makkouk and A. Comeau. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 100:71, 1994.
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first record of faba bean necrotic yellows virus and beet western yellows luteovirus affecting lentil and chickpea in pakistan
Plant Disease, 1998Co-Authors: K M Makkouk, Muhammad Bashir, R A C JonesAbstract:In an intensive survey of lentil and chickpea fields and Research Station plots in the Punjab province of Pakistan, more than 6,505 samples were collected and tested for presence of 14 different viruses by the tissue-blot immunoassay (TBIA) procedure (2). All antisera used were virus specific, including those for faba bean necrotic yellows virus (FBNYV) (1) and beet western yellows luteovirus (BWYV) (ATCC 647). Counting plants with virus symptoms greatly underestimated virus incidence in lentil crops but was a better guide to virus occurrence in chickpeas. Overall, about 1 in 5 plants of lentil were virus infected with 15% of fields having incidence over 50%. In contrast, levels of infection were mostly low in chickpea. Pea seed-borne mosaic virus (PSbMV) followed by cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), both of which are aphid- and seed-borne, were the most abundant viruses in Lentils, but also occurred in chickpea. PSbMV incidence was 17% in lentil and 0.1% in chickpea fields, whereas CMV incidence was 1% in len...
Dil Thavarajah - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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lentil and kale complementary nutrient rich whole food sources to combat micronutrient and calorie malnutrition
Nutrients, 2015Co-Authors: Megan Migliozzi, Dil Thavarajah, Pushparajah Thavarajah, Powell SmithAbstract:Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) is a nutritious food and a staple for millions of people. Not only are Lentils a good source of energy, they also contain a range of micronutrients and prebiotic carbohydrates. Kale (Brassica oleracea v. acephala) has been considered as a health food, but its full range of benefits and composition has not been extensively studied. Recent studies suggest that foods are enrich in prebiotic carbohydrates and dietary fiber that can potentially reduce risks of non-communicable diseases, including obesity, cancer, heart disease, and diabetes. Lentil and kale added to a cereal-based diet would enhance intakes of essential minerals and vitamins to combat micronutrient malnutrition. This review provides an overview of lentil and kale as a complementary nutrient-rich whole food source to combat global malnutrition and calorie issues. In addition, prebiotic carbohydrate profiles and the genetic potential of these crops for further micronutrient enrichment are briefly discussed with respect to developing sustainable and nutritious food systems.
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Lentils lens culinaris l a rich source of folates
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2013Co-Authors: Debjyoti Sen Gupta, Dil Thavarajah, Pushparajah Thavarajah, Rebecca J Mcgee, Phil Knutson, Clarice J Coyne, Shiv KumarAbstract:The potential for genetic biofortification of U.S.-grown Lentils ( Lens culinaris L.) with bioavailable folate has not been widely studied. The objectives of this study were (1) to determine the folate concentration of 10 commercial lentil cultivars grown in Minot and McLean counties, North Dakota, USA, in 2010 and 2011, (2) to determine the genotype (G) × environmental (E) interactions for folate concentration in lentil cultivars, and (3) to compare the folate concentration of other pulses [field peas ( Pisum sativum L.) and chickpea ( Cicer arietinum L.)] grown in the United States. Folate concentration in lentil cultivars ranged from 216 to 290 μg/100 g with a mean of 255 μg/100 g. In addition, lentil showed higher folate concentration compared to chickpea (42-125 μg/100 g), yellow field pea (41-55 μg/100 g), and green field pea (50-202 μg/100 g). A 100 g serving of Lentils could provide a significant amount of the recommended daily allowance of dietary folates (54-73%) for adults. A significant year × location interaction on lentil folate concentration was observed; this indicates that possible location sourcing may be required for future lentil folate research.
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Lentils lens culinaris l a rich source of folates
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2013Co-Authors: Debjyoti Sen Gupta, Dil Thavarajah, Pushparajah Thavarajah, Rebecca J Mcgee, Phil Knutson, Clarice J Coyne, Shiv KumarAbstract:The potential for genetic biofortification of U.S.-grown Lentils (Lens culinaris L.) with bioavailable folate has not been widely studied. The objectives of this study were (1) to determine the folate concentration of 10 commercial lentil cultivars grown in Minot and McLean counties, North Dakota, USA, in 2010 and 2011, (2) to determine the genotype (G) × environmental (E) interactions for folate concentration in lentil cultivars, and (3) to compare the folate concentration of other pulses [field peas (Pisum sativum L.) and chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)] grown in the United States. Folate concentration in lentil cultivars ranged from 216 to 290 μg/100 g with a mean of 255 μg/100 g. In addition, lentil showed higher folate concentration compared to chickpea (42–125 μg/100 g), yellow field pea (41–55 μg/100 g), and green field pea (50–202 μg/100 g). A 100 g serving of Lentils could provide a significant amount of the recommended daily allowance of dietary folates (54–73%) for adults. A significant year × lo...
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detection of common vetch vicia sativa l in lentil lens culinaris l using unique chemical fingerprint markers
Food Chemistry, 2012Co-Authors: Pushparajah Thavarajah, Dil Thavarajah, G A S Premakumara, Albert VandenbergAbstract:Abstract Detection of adulteration of split red lentil ( Lens culinaris L.) seeds with low level addition of split common vetch ( Vicia sativa L.) is hampered by a lack of reliable detection methods. An analytical method was developed using high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) based on two unique chemical markers found in common vetch: s-cyanoalanine (BCA) and γ-glutamyl-s-cyanoalanine (GCA). These two markers were present in samples of common vetch seed grown in Canada and Serbia. Authentic lentil samples grown in Canada, Australia, USA, Turkey, Syria, and Morocco had no detectable levels of these chemical markers. Commercial lentil samples for export from lentil processing plants in Saskatchewan, Canada, also had no detectable levels of GCA and BCA. The presence of vetch in intentionally adulterated lentil samples could be determined via chemical markers with a detection limit of 5% (w/w). The proposed method is a simple sample extraction and rapid HPLC analysis that could be widely used to detect intentional adulteration of Lentils with common vetch.
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a global survey of effects of genotype and environment on selenium concentration in Lentils lens culinaris l implications for nutritional fortification strategies
Food Chemistry, 2011Co-Authors: Dil Thavarajah, Ashutosh Sarker, Pushparajah Thavarajah, George J Vandemark, Michael Materne, Renuka Shrestha, Omar Idrissi, Omar Hacikamiloglu, Beybin Bucak, Albert VandenbergAbstract:Abstract Lentils ( Lens culinaris L.) are an important protein and carbohydrate food, rich in essential dietary components and trace elements. Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient for human health. For adults, 55 μg of daily Se intake is recommended for better health and cancer prevention. Millions of people around the world have Se-deficient diets and biofortification may be an effective solution. The total Se concentration of Lentils grown in six major lentil-producing countries were analysed to determine the potential for Se biofortification in these regions. The highest Se concentrations based on location means were found in Lentils from Nepal (180 μg/kg) and southern Australia (148 μg/kg) while the lowest were those from Syria (22 μg/kg), Morocco (28 μg/kg), northwestern USA (26 μg/kg), and Turkey (47 μg/kg). Significant location effects within a country were observed for Nepal and Australia. All values were lower than previous published data for Saskatchewan grown Lentils (425–672 μg/kg). Lentils originating from Australia, Nepal, or Canada could be considered good sources of Se, as consumption of 50 g would provide 13–61% of the recommended dietary allowance (RDA). Our findings indicate lentil may be appropriate as a target crop for Se biofortification and investigated as a food-based solution for populations with Se deficiencies.