The Experts below are selected from a list of 146865 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Desh Bandhu Singh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
effect of energy matrices on life cycle Cost Analysis of partially covered photovoltaic compound parabolic concentrator collector active solar distillation system
Desalination, 2016Co-Authors: Desh Bandhu SinghAbstract:Abstract This paper presents the life cycle Cost Analysis of partially covered photovoltaic thermal (PVT) compound parabolic concentrator (CPC) collector integrated solar distillation system known as PVT-CPC active solar distillation system by incorporating the effect of energy payback period. The thermal model of the system has been developed. The number of PVT-CPC collectors and mass flow rate has been optimized. The annual yield, EPF and LCCE have been found to be higher by 5%, 12.73% and 22.22% respectively for double slope than single slope PVT-CPC active solar distillation system at 0.14 m depth of water. However, production Cost of water at 5% rate of interest and EPBT have been found to be lower by 10.09% and 17.98% respectively for double slope PVT-CPC active solar distillation system. It is inferred that double slope performs better than single slope PVT-CPC active solar distillation system based on annual yield if depth of water is less than 0.19 m and vice-versa. The proposed system is self sustainable and it can meet the daily requirement of potable water on commercial level as well as DC electrical power during sunshine hours.
-
effect of energy matrices on life cycle Cost Analysis of partially covered photovoltaic compound parabolic concentrator collector active solar distillation system
Desalination, 2016Co-Authors: Desh Bandhu Singh, G N TiwariAbstract:Abstract This paper presents the life cycle Cost Analysis of partially covered photovoltaic thermal (PVT) compound parabolic concentrator (CPC) collector integrated solar distillation system known as PVT-CPC active solar distillation system by incorporating the effect of energy payback period. The thermal model of the system has been developed. The number of PVT-CPC collectors and mass flow rate has been optimized. The annual yield, EPF and LCCE have been found to be higher by 5%, 12.73% and 22.22% respectively for double slope than single slope PVT-CPC active solar distillation system at 0.14 m depth of water. However, production Cost of water at 5% rate of interest and EPBT have been found to be lower by 10.09% and 17.98% respectively for double slope PVT-CPC active solar distillation system. It is inferred that double slope performs better than single slope PVT-CPC active solar distillation system based on annual yield if depth of water is less than 0.19 m and vice-versa. The proposed system is self sustainable and it can meet the daily requirement of potable water on commercial level as well as DC electrical power during sunshine hours.
G N Tiwari - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
effect of energy matrices on life cycle Cost Analysis of partially covered photovoltaic compound parabolic concentrator collector active solar distillation system
Desalination, 2016Co-Authors: Desh Bandhu Singh, G N TiwariAbstract:Abstract This paper presents the life cycle Cost Analysis of partially covered photovoltaic thermal (PVT) compound parabolic concentrator (CPC) collector integrated solar distillation system known as PVT-CPC active solar distillation system by incorporating the effect of energy payback period. The thermal model of the system has been developed. The number of PVT-CPC collectors and mass flow rate has been optimized. The annual yield, EPF and LCCE have been found to be higher by 5%, 12.73% and 22.22% respectively for double slope than single slope PVT-CPC active solar distillation system at 0.14 m depth of water. However, production Cost of water at 5% rate of interest and EPBT have been found to be lower by 10.09% and 17.98% respectively for double slope PVT-CPC active solar distillation system. It is inferred that double slope performs better than single slope PVT-CPC active solar distillation system based on annual yield if depth of water is less than 0.19 m and vice-versa. The proposed system is self sustainable and it can meet the daily requirement of potable water on commercial level as well as DC electrical power during sunshine hours.
-
life cycle Cost Analysis of single slope hybrid pv t active solar still
Applied Energy, 2009Co-Authors: Shiv Kumar, G N TiwariAbstract:This paper presents the life cycle Cost Analysis of the single slope passive and hybrid photovoltaic (PV/T) active solar stills, based on the annual performance at 0.05Â m water depth. Effects of various parameters, namely interest rate, life of the system and the maintenance Cost have been taken into account. The comparative Cost of distilled water produced from passive solar still (Rs. 0.70/kg) is found to be less than hybrid (PV/T) active solar still (Rs. 1.93/kg) for 30Â years life time of the systems. The payback periods of the passive and hybrid (PV/T) active solar still are estimated to be in the range of 1.1-6.2Â years and 3.3-23.9Â years, respectively, based on selling price of distilled water in the range of Rs. 10/kg to Rs. 2/kg. The energy payback time (EPBT) has been estimated as 2.9 and 4.7Â years, respectively.
-
life cycle Cost Analysis and carbon credit earned by hybrid pv t solar water heater for delhi climatic conditions
The Open Environmental Journal, 2008Co-Authors: Swapnil Dubey, G N TiwariAbstract:In this communication, a study has been carried out to evaluate the life cycle Cost Analysis and carbon credit earned by hybrid PV/T solar water heater. The study has been based on thermal, electrical and exergy output of water heater. The solar water heater is installed at Solar Energy Park, IIT Delhi. The annual energy and exergy gain have been evaluated by considering four types of weather conditions (A, B, C and D Type) of New Delhi and considering a case that the hot water is withdrawal two times in the afternoon and two times in the evening in a day. This paper gives the total carbon credit earned by hybrid PV/T water heater as per norms of Kyoto Protocol for Delhi climatic conditions. We have found that (i) the Cost/kWh is higher in case of exergy when compared with Cost/kWh on the basis of thermal energy (ii) if this type of system is installed at 10% of the total residential houses in Delhi then the total carbon credit earned by PV/T water heater annually in terms of thermal energy is Rs. 105.6 cores and in terms of exergy is Rs. 10.2 cores respectively. The thermal energy has wider applications in the hu- man's life. It can be generally utilized in the form of either low grade (low temperature) or high grade (high tempera- ture). The temperature profiles of the photovoltaic (PV) module in a non-steady state condition with respect to time have studied (1). The overall electrical efficiency of the PV module can be increased by increasing the packing factor (PF) and reducing the temperature of the PV module by us- ing the thermal energy associated with the PV module (2, 3). The carrier of thermal energy associated with the PV module may be either air or water. Once thermal energy withdrawal is integrated with the photovoltaic (PV) module, it is referred as hybrid PV/T system. Photovoltaic-thermal (PV/T) technology refers to the integration of a PV module and conventional solar thermal collector in a single piece of equipment. The rationale behind the hybrid concept is that a solar cell converts solar radiation to electrical energy with peak efficiency in the range of 9- 12%, depending on specific solar-cell type and thermal en- ergy through water heating. More than 80% of the solar ra- diation falling on photovoltaic (PV) cells is not converted to electricity, but either reflected or converted to thermal en- ergy. In view of this, hybrid photovoltaic and thermal (PV/T) collectors are introduced to simultaneously generate electric- ity and thermal power (4). The PV/T water heating system, two types of combi-
Jesper Norgaard - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
on site or off site renewable energy supply options life cycle Cost Analysis of a net zero energy building in denmark
Renewable Energy, 2012Co-Authors: Anna Joanna Marszal, Per Heiselberg, Rasmus Lund Jensen, Jesper NorgaardAbstract:The concept of a Net Zero Energy Building (Net ZEB) encompasses two options of supplying renewable energy, which can offset energy use of a building, in particular on-site or off-site renewable energy supply. Currently, the on-site options are much more popular than the off-site; however, taking into consideration the limited area of roof and/or facade, primarily in the dense city areas, the Danish weather conditions, the growing interest and number of wind turbine co-ops, the off-site renewable energy supply options could become a meaningful solution for reaching ‘zero’ energy goal in the Danish context. Therefore, this paper deploys the life cycle Cost Analysis and takes the private economy perspective to investigate the life cycle Cost of different renewable energy supply options, and to identify the Cost-optimal combination between energy efficiency and renewable energy generation. The Analysis includes five technologies, i.e., two on-site options: (1) photovoltaic, (2) micro combined heat and power, and three off-site options: (1) off-site windmill, (2) share of a windmill farm and (3) purchase of green energy from the 100% renewable utility grid. The results indicate that in case of the on-site renewable supply options, the energy efficiency should be the first priority in order to design a Cost-optimal Net ZEB. However, the results are opposite for the off-site renewable supply options, and thus it is more Cost-effective to invest in renewable energy technologies than in energy efficiency.
Susan L Tighe - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
incorporating variability into pavement performance life cycle Cost Analysis and performance based specification pay factors
Transportation Research Record, 2005Co-Authors: Leanne Whiteley, Susan L Tighe, Zhanmin ZhangAbstract:This paper describes a recent research study that examined how changes in design life affected the pavement Life-Cycle Cost and ultimately how the reduction in or addition to Life-Cycle Cost attributed to superior or inferior in-service performance could be used as a basis for establishing a pay factor for a performance-based specification. Previous models were developed with data from the Canadian Long-Term Pavement Performance Program, which indicated that overlay thickness, total prior cracking, annual freezing index, annual days with precipitation, and accumulated equivalent single-axle loads (ESALs) after 8 years affected the slope of pavement deterioration for asphalt overlay pavements. One of these models, as well as data from the U.S. Long-Term Pavement Performance test sites, is used to determine the service life of asphalt overlay pavements. This paper examines how the variability associated with overlay thickness, total prior cracking, and accumulated ESALs after 8 years affects the service life of asphalt overlay pavements. Furthermore, this paper considers the variability associated with the discount rate and incorporates all associated variability into the Life-Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA). LCCA is performed by using Monte Carlo techniques. On the basis of a recent study, distributions for service life and Life-Cycle Costs are developed by using both normal and lognormal distributions for overlay thickness. With the LCCA values for typical design lives, a sensitivity Analysis is subsequently performed to evaluate the impact of 10%, 20%, and 30% differences in the in-service performance as compared to the design life. These LCCA differences are then used as a basis for establishing pay factors. Overall the paper attempts to relate design to in-service performance Life-Cycle Cost and the ultimate use of pay factors.
-
guidelines for probabilistic pavement life cycle Cost Analysis
Transportation Research Record, 2001Co-Authors: Susan L TigheAbstract:To select the most appropriate pavement design for a given situation, it is necessary to understand how the pavement properties and in-service conditions relate to performance and life cycle Cost. A given design may be most appropriate on one type of road and least appropriate on another type of road. This design selection is further complicated by the advent of new design methodologies, materials, and construction delivery techniques. Life cycle economic Analysis is an important tool for comparing alternative treatment strategies. A life cycle Analysis can use a deterministic approach, which incorporates a single point value, or it can use a probabilistic approach, which includes a mean, variance, and probability distribution. The probabilistic approach is better suited to describing the uncertainty associated with engineering. The Canadian Strategic Highway Research Program Canadian Long-Term Pavement Performance database and data provided by the Ministry of Transportation of Ontario were used in this Analysis. Most construction variables are generally believed to be best described by a normal distribution. However, a lognormal probability distribution is better suited to describing these variables. This best fit is based on both a mathematical examination and a comparison of similar variables such as stocks and real estate values. It is also shown that thickness is a probabilistic variable that should be combined with the Cost and incorporated into pavement life cycle Costing. Ignoring the lognormal nature of these variables introduces bias into a life cycle Cost Analysis and does not reflect the true overall Cost.
B K Singh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Optimization and Life Cycle Cost Analysis of Renewable Energy Supply Options for Academic Buildings - A Case Study
International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 2019Co-Authors: Lakhshman Rao S. Paragond, Ciji Pearl Kurian, B K SinghAbstract:In this paper focuses on realizing alternate power supply sources to the academic buildings located at Manipal, Karnataka, India, and analyzing the possible combination of the hybrid energy sources. The main emphasis is on steering the optimization and life cycle Cost Analysis of the hybrid energy sources. The hybrid energy system optimization and feasibility study are carried out using HOMER Software and the results are verified with Linear Programming. The case study is conducted with the involvement of photovoltaic, Wind turbine and diesel generator (DG) along with the battery bank. Further, the DG was integrated with the renewable energy sources to smoothen the power circulation and enhance the reliability issues. The realistic climate data obtained from the NASA website for the location Manipal (13.347° N, 74.75° E) and estimates the solar and wind power using the models developed.