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Sanjay Chhibber - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • bacteriophage loaded nanostructured lipid carrier improved pharmacokinetics mediates effective resolution of klebsiella Pneumoniae induced Lobar Pneumonia
    The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2015
    Co-Authors: Saloni Singla, Kusum Harjai, Om Prakash Katare, Sanjay Chhibber
    Abstract:

    This study examined the therapeutic and prophylactic potential of bacteriophages in a mouse model of Klebsiella Pneumoniae Lobar Pneumonia. Phages were administered intraperitoneally. Liposome-entrapped phages (LP) were effective in treating infection, even when therapy was delayed by 3 days after the induction of Pneumonia. In contrast, nonliposomal phages provided protection when administered 24 hours after infection. Administration of nonliposomal phages 6 hours prior to intranasal bacterial challenge resulted in complete protection, compared with LP, which was effective even when administered 48 hours prior to infection. Increased reduction and a greater increment in the levels of proinflammatory and antiinflammatory cytokines, respectively, in homogenates of lung from LP-treated mice were suggestive of increased efficacy of LP in the treatment of Pneumonia. This is the first study to assess liposomes as a delivery vehicle for phage, and the results confirm the superiority of LP for both therapeutic and prophylactic applications.

  • therapeutic potential of bacteriophage in treating klebsiella Pneumoniae b5055 mediated Lobar Pneumonia in mice
    Journal of Medical Microbiology, 2008
    Co-Authors: Sanjay Chhibber, Sandeep Kaur, Seema Kumari
    Abstract:

    Klebsiella Pneumoniae causes infections in humans especially in immunocompromised patients. About 80 % of nosocomial infections caused by K. Pneumoniae are due to multidrug-resistant strains. The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains necessitates the exploration of alternative antibacterial therapies, which led our group to study the ability of bacterial viruses (known as bacteriophages or simply phages) to treat mice challenged with K. Pneumoniae. Phage SS specific for K. Pneumoniae B5055 was isolated and characterized, and its potential as a therapeutic agent was evaluated in an experimental model of K. Pneumoniae-mediated Lobar Pneumonia in mice. Mice were challenged by intranasal (i.n.) inoculation with bacteria (10(8) c.f.u. ml(-1)). A single intraperitoneal injection of 10(10) p.f.u. ml(-1) phage administered immediately after i.n. challenge was sufficient to rescue 100 % of animals from K. Pneumoniae-mediated respiratory infections. Administration of the phage preparation 3 h prior to i.n. bacterial challenge provided significant protection in infected mice, while even 6 h delay of phage administration after the induction of infection rendered the phage treatment ineffective. The results of this study therefore suggest that the timing of starting the phage therapy after initiation of infection significantly contributes towards the success of the treatment.

  • lipopolysaccharide mediated protection against klebsiella Pneumoniae induced Lobar Pneumonia intranasal vs intramuscular route of immunization
    Folia Microbiologica, 2005
    Co-Authors: Vanashree Yadav, S Sharma, Kusum Harjai, H Mohan, Sanjay Chhibber
    Abstract:

    Immunoprotective potential of delivered lipopolysaccharide (LPS) preparation fromKlebsiella Pneumoniae was determined in a murine model of Lobar Pneumonia. Protection was assessed with three doses of LPS (25, 50 and 100 µg; without any adjuvant) administered intranasally or intramuscularly. After evaluation of lung tissue (bacterial load and histopathology), no significant protection was observed at 25 µg with either application. A significant decrease in lung bacterial load coupled with fall in severity of lung lesions was observed with 50 µg (again both applications). At 100 µg dose, with intramuscular route, a further decrease in the lung bacterial load was shown compared to the 50 µg dose. In contrast, 100 µg LPS, when given intranasally, resulted in a higher bacterial colonization of the lung tissue and higher lung pathology; thus we recommend intramuscular instead of the intranasal route for developing protection againstK. Pneumoniae-mediated Pneumonia with intact LPS-based vaccines.

  • protective role of liposome incorporated lipopolysaccharide antigen of klebsiella Pneumoniae in a rat model of Lobar Pneumonia
    Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2004
    Co-Authors: Sanjay Chhibber, Sunita Wadhwa, Vanashree Yadav
    Abstract:

    In a Lobar Pneumonia model of Klebsiella Pneumoniae, the immunoprotective role of free lipoploysaccharide (LPS) and liposome-incorporated LPS was studied. An alteration in the biological activity of the LPS molecule, in terms of its pyrogenicity and lethal toxicity, was observed on incorporation in the liposome. Compared at equal doses, liposome-incorporated LPS was found to be non-pyrogenic and 10 times less toxic than free LPS. Liposome-incorporated LPS was more effective in providing protection against K. Pneumoniae induced Lobar Pneumonia in rats. The immunological mechanism underlying protection revealed involvement of both nonspecific and specific immune response. Alveolar macrophage activation was observed after 4 and 14 days of treatment with the free and liposome-entrapped forms of LPS, respectively. Specific immunity in terms of plaque-forming cells was seen with both forms of LPS. Delayed type hypersensitivity reaction was observed only with liposome-incorporated LPS. It is concluded that a non-toxic and immunogenic form of K. Pneumoniae LPS can be obtained by incorporation of the native preparation into liposomes.

  • polysaccharide iron regulated cell surface protein conjugate vaccine its role in protection against klebsiella Pneumoniae induced Lobar Pneumonia
    Vaccine, 1995
    Co-Authors: Sanjay Chhibber, Jaya Bajaj
    Abstract:

    Klebsiella Pneumoniae has become an important cause of both community-acquired and nosocomial infections. In this study an attempt was made to study the immunogenicity of iron-regulated cell surface proteins (IRCSP) alone or in conjunction with the polysaccharide moiety of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of K. Pneumoniae. The polysaccharide-iron-regulated cell surface protein conjugate (PS-IRCSP) was non-toxic and non-pyrogenic. It was found to be immunogenic and the protection afforded by the conjugate against the challenge strain was observed in a rat Lobar Pneumonia model. The protection observed with the conjugate was higher than that observed with polysaccharide or IRCSP alone. The conjugate elicited both agglutinating and bactericidal antibodies. Enhanced phagocytosis was observed for the alveolar macrophages obtained from the lungs of animals treated with conjugate compared with macrophages obtained from animals treated with other antigenic preparations.

H J Koornhof - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Luanyin Chang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the epidemiology of hospitalized children with pneumococcal Lobar Pneumonia and empyema from 1997 to 2004 in taiwan
    European Journal of Pediatrics, 2010
    Co-Authors: Limin Huang, Ishou Chang, Peilan Shao, Fangyu Tsai, Luanyin Chang
    Abstract:

    Pneumococcal/Lobar Pneumonia and empyema have an important impact on the health of children worldwide. There has been no epidemiological study of pneumococcal/Lobar Pneumonia and empyema in Taiwan, a middle-income Asian population. Using Taiwan’s National Health Insurance database, we collected and analyzed data obtain from medical care claims related to pneumococcal/Lobar Pneumonia and empyema for children below the 18 years old from 1997 to 2004. We found the annual population-based incidence to have significant year to year increases and the average annual incidences of pneumococcal/Lobar Pneumonia and empyema in children under five to be 44.9 and 10.5 episodes per 100,000 children-year, respectively. About 64% of children with pneumococcal/Lobar Pneumonia and empyema were under 5 years old. Children 4 to 5 years old had the highest incidences of both pneumococcal/Lobar Pneumonia and empyema. Incidence was the highest each spring. The odds ratio of the case fatality among pneumococcal/Lobar Pneumonia patients complicated with empyema to those without was 118 (95% confidence interval 28–492). In conclusion, the population-based incidences of pneumococcal/Lobar Pneumonia and empyema among children under five in Taiwan were 44.9 and 10.5 episodes per 100,000 children-year, respectively, and 4- to 5-year-old children had the highest incidences of both pneumococcal/Lobar Pneumonia and empyema. This population might benefit from a universal pneumococcal vaccination program which might cover about 70% of invasive pneumococcal diseases in Taiwanese children under 5 years old.

Rodney J Hicks - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • segmental hyperperfusion in Lobar Pneumonia visualized with respiratory gated four dimensional pulmonary perfusion positron emission tomography computed tomography
    American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 2014
    Co-Authors: Michael S Hofman, Jason Callahan, Rodney J Hicks
    Abstract:

    A 64-year-oldman underwent a respiratory-gated four-dimensional pulmonary perfusion positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) for preoperative regional lung function quantification. This was performed after intravenous administration of Gamacroaggregated albumin (1–3). At the time of imaging, he had a productive cough, fever, and subsequent clinical diagnosis of bronchoPneumonia. Images demonstrated an area of hyperperfusion localized to an area of dense collapse/consolidative change in the lateral segment of the right middle lobe (Figure 1 and supplemental video E1). The abnormality was also clearly apparent on the nonattenuation correction images, excluding an attenuation artifact. Studies have typically documented matched ventilation–perfusion or reverse mismatch phenomenon in Pneumonia (4). Although occlusive obstruction of Lobar airways is usually accompanied by reflex hypoxic vasoconstriction, the local release of inflammatory mediators with vasodilatory properties with infection results in failure of this mechanism and shunting leading to hypoxia (5). The histopathologic correlate is the red hepatization phase of Lobar Pneumonia. Tc-macroaggregated albumin single-photon emission computed tomography/CT had also been performed in this patient, but no corresponding perfusion abnormality was found. Although this was performed 72 hours earlier, the CT abnormality was similar; we contend that in addition to the superior imaging characteristics of PET, the absence of respiratory gating and attenuation correction contributed to lack of abnormality on single-photon emission computed tomography. The higher spatial and temporal resolution of PET combined with four-dimensional acquisition (6) provides a major advance in image quality and may improve our understanding of pulmonary physiology in a spectrum of diseases. n

Charles Feldman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.