The Experts below are selected from a list of 300 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Karam B Singh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
identification and characterisation of seed storage protein transcripts from Lupinus angustifolius
BMC Plant Biology, 2011Co-Authors: Rhonda C Foley, Craig A. Atkins, Lingling Gao, Andrew Spriggs, Lena Y C Soo, Danica E Goggin, Penelope M C Smith, Karam B SinghAbstract:In legumes, seed storage proteins are important for the developing seedling and are an important source of protein for humans and animals. Lupinus angustifolius (L.), also known as narrow-leaf lupin (NLL) is a grain legume crop that is gaining recognition as a potential human health food as the grain is high in protein and dietary fibre, gluten-free and low in fat and starch. Genes encoding the seed storage proteins of NLL were characterised by sequencing cDNA clones derived from developing seeds. Four families of seed storage proteins were identified and comprised three unique α, seven β, two γ and four δ conglutins. This study added eleven new expressed storage protein genes for the species. A comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences of NLL conglutins with those available for the storage proteins of Lupinus albus (L.), Pisum sativum (L.), Medicago truncatula (L.), Arachis hypogaea (L.) and Glycine max (L.) permitted the analysis of a phylogenetic relationships between proteins and demonstrated, in general, that the strongest conservation occurred within species. In the case of 7S globulin (β conglutins) and 2S sulphur-rich albumin (δ conglutins), the analysis suggests that gene duplication occurred after legume speciation. This contrasted with 11S globulin (α conglutin) and basic 7S (γ conglutin) sequences where some of these sequences appear to have diverged prior to speciation. The most abundant NLL conglutin family was β (56%), followed by α (24%), δ (15%) and γ (6%) and the transcript levels of these genes increased 103 to 106 fold during seed development. We used the 16 NLL conglutin sequences identified here to determine that for individuals specifically allergic to lupin, all seven members of the β conglutin family were potential allergens. This study has characterised 16 seed storage protein genes in NLL including 11 newly-identified members. It has helped lay the foundation for efforts to use molecular breeding approaches to improve lupins, for example by reducing allergens or increasing the expression of specific seed storage protein(s) with desirable nutritional properties.
Abdelkader Ainouche - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
The Repetitive Content in Lupin Genomes
2020Co-Authors: Abdelkader Ainouche, Frédéric Mahé, Jean Keller, Aurore Paris, Delphine Giraud, Pauline Raimondeau, Pavel Neuman, Petr Novak, Jiri Macas, Lily Ainouche MalikaAbstract:In this chapter, we present the first detailed evaluation of the repetitive compartment in Lupinus genomes. Low-depth next-generation sequencing (NGS) genomic resources from four closely related smooth-seeded Mediterranean lupin species (L. albus, L. angustifolius, L. luteus, and L. micranthus), exhibiting remarkable differences in genome size and chromosome number have been investigated. The repetitive compartment is composed of a wide diversity of repeats and represents 23¿51% of the genomes. This compartment is essentially comprised of transposable elements (43¿85%), mainly represented by copia and gypsy LTR retrotransposon families. Among the latter, some prominent families (Tekay, Athila, Maximus-SIRE) significantly contribute to genome size differences among species and in shaping different species-specific repeat profiles, regardless of their chromosome numbers. Also particular lineages of these elements have been differentially and recently amplified within species, such as in L. luteus, L. albus, and L. angustifolius. Moreover, this study highlighted the diversity of tandem repeats in lupin genomes,with minisatellites and satellites mostly being species-specific, whereas microsatellites (SSRs) are ubiquitously distributed. Strikingly, L. angustifolius exhibited a tremendous amount of tandem repeats in its genome (26%), including a noteworthy accumulation of one particular hexamer SSR (15.24%of the genome),which demonstrate that also tandem repeatsmay greatly contribute to genomeobesity and dynamics in lupins. Therefore, differential lineage-specific amplifications of retrotransposons and tandem repeats occurred among lupins. Accordingly, this strongly suggests that different processes and mechanisms regulating amplification, proliferation, and clearance of repeats have differentially operated within the same genusamong closely relatedMediterranean species over the last *10¿12 Myr. Further extension of such evaluation to various representatives of the lupins diversity and outgroups will provide a better overview of the repetitive compartment and its evolutionary dynamics in the genus. Additionally, the genomic resources generated by this work represent a valuable basis to start building a repeats database specifically dedicated to best understand the genomic landscape, repeats distribution, and localization in lupins. This will facilitate further investigations on the functional and evolutionary impact of repeats on genes of interest, such as those responsive for important agronomical, adaptive, and defense features.
-
Proteomics for exploiting diversity of lupin seed storage proteins and their use as nutraceuticals for health and welfare
Journal of Proteomics, 2016Co-Authors: Francisco Cabello-hurtado, Jean Keller, José Ley, Rosa Sanchez-lucas, Jesús V. Jorrín-novo, Abdelkader AinoucheAbstract:Unlabelled - Lupins have a variety of both traditional and modern uses. In the last decade, reports assessing the benefits of lupin seed proteins have proliferated and, nowadays, the pharmaceutical industry is interested in lupin proteins for human health. Modern genomics and proteomics have hugely contributed to describing the diversity of lupin storage genes and, above all, proteins. Most of these studies have been centered on few edible lupin species. However, Lupinus genus comprises hundreds of species spread throughout the Old and New Worlds, and these resources have been scarcely explored and exploited. We present here a detailed review of the literature on the potential of lupin seed proteins as nutraceuticals, and the use of -omic tools to analyze seed storage polypeptides in main edible lupins and their diversity at the Lupinus inter- and intra-species level. In this sense, proteomics, more than any other, has been a key approach. Proteomics has shown that lupin seed protein diversity, where post-translational modifications yield a large number of peptide variants with a potential concern in bioactivity, goes far beyond gene diversity. The future extended use of second and third generation proteomics should definitely help to go deeper into coverage and characterization of lupin seed proteome. Biological significance - Some important topics concerning storage proteins from lupin seeds are presented and analyzed in an integrated way in this review. Proteomic approaches have been essential in characterizing lupin seed protein diversity, which goes far beyond gene diversity since the protein level adds to the latter differential proteolytic cleavage of conglutin pro-proteins and a diverse array of glycosylation forms and sites. Proteomics has also proved helpful for screening and studying Lupinus germplasm with the future aim of exploiting and improving food production, quality, and nutritional values.
-
Isolation, phylogeny and evolution of the SymRK gene in the legume genus Lupinus L.
Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 2011Co-Authors: Frédéric Mahé, Marie-thérèse Misset, Dragomira N. Markova, Remy S. Pasquet, Abdelkader AinoucheAbstract:SymRK is one of the key genes involved in initial steps of legume symbiotic association with fungi (mycorrhization) and nitrogen-fixing bacteria (nodulation). A large portion of the sequence encoding the extracellular domain of SYMRK was obtained for 38 lupine accessions and 2 outgroups in order to characterize this region, to evaluate its phylogenetic utility, and to examine whether its molecular evolutionary pattern is correlated with rhizobial diversity and specificity in Lupinus. The data suggested that, in Lupinus, SymRK is a single copy gene that shows good phylogenetic potential. Accordingly, SymRK provided additional support to previous molecular phylogenies, and shed additional light on relationships within the Old World group of Lupinus, especially among the African species. Similar to results of other studies, analyses of SymRK sequences were unable to resolve placement of the Florida unifoliolate lineage, whose relationship was weakly supported to either the Old or the New World lupines. Our data are consistent with strong purifying selection operating on SymRK in Lupinus, preserving rather than diversifying its function. Thus, although SymRK was demonstrated to be a vital gene in the early stages of the root-bacterial symbiotic associations, no evidence from present analyses indicate that this gene is involved in changes in rhizobial specificity in Lupinus.
-
New data and phylogenetic placement of the enigmatic old world lupin: Lupinus mariae-josephi H. Pascual.
Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 2011Co-Authors: Frédéric Mahé, Higinio Pascual, Olivier Coriton, Virginie Huteau, Albert Navarro Perris, Marie-thérèse Misset, Abdelkader AinoucheAbstract:Lupinus mariae-josephi H. Pascual is an intriguing lupin species recently discovered in the Mediterranean region. New data from seed coat micromorphology, cytology, and DNA sequences were generated in order to extend our knowledge on this species and to examine its evolutionary relationships within Lupinus. This species shows morphological similarities with the Mediterranean smooth seeded species of sections Micranthi and Lutei. It shares the same chromosome number 2n = 52 with the latter Old World taxa, but also with unifoliolate lupins from Florida. Besides, L. mariae-josephi exhibited a seed coat micromorphology ''intermediate'' between the rough and the smooth seed coat types. Phylogenetic analyses using ITS and ETS nrDNA spacers, and the LEGCYC1A locus supported L. mariae-josephi as a distinct Old World line, placed out of the Scabrispermae, but without clear placement amongst the Mediterranean smooth-seeded lineages. Unexpectedly, LEGCYC1A data revealed phylogenetic affinities between L. mariae-josephi and L. villosus, a unifoliolate North American lupin that might have experienced a reticulated evolutionary process. All together, the data underline the phylogenetic interest of L. mariae-josephi in Lupinus and the need of additional investigations in order to definitely elucidate its enigmatic status. Moreover, as L. mariaejosephi is one of the rare Old World lupins strictly restricted to poor basic soils, it opens new perspectives of ecological and agronomic interests in the wide areas of poor calcareous soils in the Mediterranean region.
-
phylogenetic relationships in Lupinus fabaceae papilionoideae based on internal transcribed spacer sequences its of nuclear ribosomal dna
American Journal of Botany, 1999Co-Authors: Abdelkader Ainouche, Randall J BayerAbstract:¨Internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA from 44 taxa of the genus Lupinus and five outgroup taxa were used for phylogenetic analysis. Lupinus appears as a strongly supported monophyletic genus, which is unambiguously part of the Genisteae. The lupines are distributed into five main clades in general accordance with their geographical origin. In the Old World, almost all the recognized taxonomic units are well resolved. The ITS data reveal an unexpectedly close relationship between the diverse sections Angustifoli and Lutei. The ITS results suggest a geographical division between the western New World lupines and the eastern ones. They also indicate the presence of some moderately to strongly supported groups of taxa, such as the Microcarpi‐Pusilli group, the L. spariflorus‐L. arizonicusgroup, the L. mexicanus‐ L. elegans group in the western New World, and the notable L. multiflorus‐L. paraguariensisgroup in the eastern New World. The latter group strongly suggests that the eastern South American compound- and simple-leaved perennial lupines derive from a common ancestor. However, apart from some exceptions, relationships within the genus still remain largely unresolved based on ITS data. The lack of resolution at the base of the genus is suggestive of a rapid initial radiation of the lupines subsequent to the dispersal of their common ancestor. Relative rate tests demonstrate the presence of rate heterogeneity of ITS sequences within Lupinus. In many pairwise comparisons between taxa, substitution rate inequalities are correlated with the habit (annual, perennial), suggesting some role for the generation time effects in the evolutionary history of lupines. Lupinus L. (Fabaceae) is a large and diverse genus comprising 200‐500 (Dunn and Gillett, 1966) annual and perennial herbaceous species, as well as a few soft-woody shrubs and small trees (Dunn, 1984; Turner, 1995), which occur in a wide range of ecogeographical conditions in both the New and the Old World. Lupines are more diverse in the New World with over 90% of the species in 1
Kip E. Panter - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Phylogenetic examination of two chemotypes of Lupinus leucophyllus
Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 2016Co-Authors: Ivan W. Mott, Clinton A Stonecipher, Daniel Cook, Kip E. PanterAbstract:Lupines (Lupinus spp.) are a common legume found on western U.S. rangelands. Lupinus spp. may contain quinolizidine and/or piperidine alkaloids that can be toxic and/or teratogenic to grazing livestock. Lupinus leucophyllus and Lupinus polyphyllus in particular represent important species in the rangelands of southeast Washington and northeast Oregon. The objectives of this study were to identify the alkaloid profiles of these two species, and to explore the phylogenetic relationship among the different populations using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. Two chemotypes were found among the 14 accessions of Lupinus leucophyllyus. Chemotype A contained anagyrine, a potent teratogen in cattle, and thus would pose a risk to cause crooked calf syndrome in grazing cattle, while Chemotype B did not contain anagyrine and poses no teratogenic risk. No alkaloids were detected in the L. polyphyllus plants collected in this area. Phylogenetic analysis showed that L. leucophyllus accessions with the same chemotype that were geographically proximal were closely grouped in the cladogram; however, accessions that were geographically proximal that represented different chemotypes did not cluster together. Taken together, these results suggest that for the studied species, chemotype is the principle factor in determining relatedness followed by geography.
-
the effect of body condition on serum concentrations of two teratogenic alkaloids anagyrine and ammodendrine from lupines Lupinus species that cause crooked calf disease
Journal of Animal Science, 2008Co-Authors: Stephen T. Lee, Dale R Gardner, Kip E. Panter, J. A. Pfister, Kevin D WelchAbstract:Several species of lupine (Lupinus spp.) are toxic to livestock, causing death losses in sheep and cattle but more commonly crooked calf disease in pregnant range cows. The major toxic alkaloids in lupine are of the quinolizidine alkaloid group and include the teratogen anagyrine, which is primarily responsible for crooked calf disease. Lupines also contain teratogenic piperidine alkaloids including ammodendrine. Previous work in sheep has shown that lupine alkaloid clearance may be influenced by the animal's physiological status. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine if differences in body condition of cattle would alter the absorption and elimination of anagyrine or ammodendrine given in a single oral dose as Lupinus leucophyllus or Lupinus sulphureus, respectively. Mature non-lactating cows in low body condition (LBC, n = 4) and high body condition (HBC, n = 4) received a single dose of dry ground lupine plant (2.0 g/kg of BW) via oral gavage. Lupinus leucophyllus (anagyrine) was dosed first; then after 21 d the same animals were dosed with L. sulphureus (ammodendrine). Blood samples were taken via jugular venipuncture 0 to 60 h after dosing. Serum anagyrine and ammodendrine concentrations were evaluated. The concentration of anagyrine was greater (P = 0.001) in the HBC group and peaked 2 h after dosing versus 12 h in LBC cows. Similarly for ammodendrine, the alkaloid concentration peaked at 3 h after dosing for the HBC group compared with 6 h for the LBC group (P = 0.001). Area under the curve tended to differ (P
-
The effect of body condition on serum concentrations of two teratogenic alkaloids (anagyrine and ammodendrine) from lupines (Lupinus species) that cause crooked calf disease.
Journal of animal science, 2008Co-Authors: Stephen T. Lee, Dale R Gardner, Kip E. Panter, J. A. Pfister, Kevin D WelchAbstract:Several species of lupine (Lupinus spp.) are toxic to livestock, causing death losses in sheep and cattle but more commonly crooked calf disease in pregnant range cows. The major toxic alkaloids in lupine are of the quinolizidine alkaloid group and include the teratogen anagyrine, which is primarily responsible for crooked calf disease. Lupines also contain teratogenic piperidine alkaloids including ammodendrine. Previous work in sheep has shown that lupine alkaloid clearance may be influenced by the animal's physiological status. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine if differences in body condition of cattle would alter the absorption and elimination of anagyrine or ammodendrine given in a single oral dose as Lupinus leucophyllus or Lupinus sulphureus, respectively. Mature non-lactating cows in low body condition (LBC, n = 4) and high body condition (HBC, n = 4) received a single dose of dry ground lupine plant (2.0 g/kg of BW) via oral gavage. Lupinus leucophyllus (anagyrine) was dosed first; then after 21 d the same animals were dosed with L. sulphureus (ammodendrine). Blood samples were taken via jugular venipuncture 0 to 60 h after dosing. Serum anagyrine and ammodendrine concentrations were evaluated. The concentration of anagyrine was greater (P = 0.001) in the HBC group and peaked 2 h after dosing versus 12 h in LBC cows. Similarly for ammodendrine, the alkaloid concentration peaked at 3 h after dosing for the HBC group compared with 6 h for the LBC group (P = 0.001). Area under the curve tended to differ (P
-
Lupine induced "crooked calf disease" in Washington and Oregon: identification of the alkaloid profiles in Lupinus sulfureus, Lupinus leucophyllus, and Lupinus sericeus.
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 2007Co-Authors: Stephen T. Lee, Dale R Gardner, Daniel Cook, Kip E. Panter, Michael H. Ralphs, Ernie S. Motteram, James A PfisterAbstract:Several lupines (Lupinus spp.) present on western U.S. rangelands contain alkaloids that are teratogenic to livestock and cause congenital birth defects in calves (crooked calf disease). Periodically, large losses of calves due to lupine-induced "crooked calf disease" occur in northern Oregon and eastern Washington state. Five lupine populations from this area representing three species (L. leucophyllus, L. sulfureus, and L. sericeus) were evaluated taxonomically and by gas chromatography/ mass spectrometry, and the major alkaloids in each lupine species were identified. The teratogenic alkaloid anagyrine was present in both of the lupine species responsible for the high outbreaks in east-central Washington and northeastern Oregon. However, the alkaloid profiles of the two lupines identified as L. leucophyllus were dissimilar, as were the alkaloid profiles of the two lupines identified as L. sulfureus. Botanical classification is not sufficient to determine potential teratogenicity, and it must be followed by chemical characterization to determine risk to livestock.
-
Phytochemicals: the good, the bad and the ugly?
Phytochemistry, 2007Co-Authors: Russell J. Molyneux, Dale R Gardner, Kip E. Panter, Lynn F. JamesAbstract:Phytochemicals are constitutive metabolites that enable plants to overcome temporary or continuous threats integral to their environment, while also controlling essential functions of growth and reproduction. All of these roles are generally advantageous to the producing organisms but the inherent biological activity of such constituents often causes dramatic adverse consequences in other organisms that may be exposed to them. Nevertheless, such effects may be the essential indicator of desirable properties, such as therapeutic potential, especially when the mechanism of bioactivity can be delineated. Careful observation of cause and effect, followed by a coordinated approach to identify the responsible entities, has proved extremely fruitful in discovering roles for phytochemical constituents. The process is illustrated by selected examples of plants poisonous to animals and include the steroidal alkaloid toxin of Veratrum californicum (Western false hellebore), piperidine alkaloids of Lupinus species (lupines), and polyhydroxy indolizidine, pyrrolizidine and nortropane alkaloids of Astragalus and Oxytropis species (locoweeds), Castanospermum australe (Moreton Bay chestnut) and Ipomoea species (morning glories).
Rhonda C Foley - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
identification and characterisation of seed storage protein transcripts from Lupinus angustifolius
BMC Plant Biology, 2011Co-Authors: Rhonda C Foley, Craig A. Atkins, Lingling Gao, Andrew Spriggs, Lena Y C Soo, Danica E Goggin, Penelope M C Smith, Karam B SinghAbstract:In legumes, seed storage proteins are important for the developing seedling and are an important source of protein for humans and animals. Lupinus angustifolius (L.), also known as narrow-leaf lupin (NLL) is a grain legume crop that is gaining recognition as a potential human health food as the grain is high in protein and dietary fibre, gluten-free and low in fat and starch. Genes encoding the seed storage proteins of NLL were characterised by sequencing cDNA clones derived from developing seeds. Four families of seed storage proteins were identified and comprised three unique α, seven β, two γ and four δ conglutins. This study added eleven new expressed storage protein genes for the species. A comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences of NLL conglutins with those available for the storage proteins of Lupinus albus (L.), Pisum sativum (L.), Medicago truncatula (L.), Arachis hypogaea (L.) and Glycine max (L.) permitted the analysis of a phylogenetic relationships between proteins and demonstrated, in general, that the strongest conservation occurred within species. In the case of 7S globulin (β conglutins) and 2S sulphur-rich albumin (δ conglutins), the analysis suggests that gene duplication occurred after legume speciation. This contrasted with 11S globulin (α conglutin) and basic 7S (γ conglutin) sequences where some of these sequences appear to have diverged prior to speciation. The most abundant NLL conglutin family was β (56%), followed by α (24%), δ (15%) and γ (6%) and the transcript levels of these genes increased 103 to 106 fold during seed development. We used the 16 NLL conglutin sequences identified here to determine that for individuals specifically allergic to lupin, all seven members of the β conglutin family were potential allergens. This study has characterised 16 seed storage protein genes in NLL including 11 newly-identified members. It has helped lay the foundation for efforts to use molecular breeding approaches to improve lupins, for example by reducing allergens or increasing the expression of specific seed storage protein(s) with desirable nutritional properties.
Craig A. Atkins - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
a comprehensive draft genome sequence for lupin Lupinus angustifolius an emerging health food insights into plant microbe interactions and legume evolution
Plant Biotechnology Journal, 2017Co-Authors: James K Hane, Lars G Kamphuis, Gagan Garg, Philipp E Bayer, Matthew N Nelson, Craig A. Atkins, Yao Ming, Armando BravoAbstract:Lupins are important grain legume crops that form a critical part of sustainable farming systems, reducing fertilizer use and providing disease breaks. It has a basal phylogenetic position relative to other crop and model legumes and a high speciation rate. Narrow-leafed lupin (NLL; Lupinus angustifolius L.) is gaining popularity as a health food, which is high in protein and dietary fibre but low in starch and gluten-free. We report the draft genome assembly (609 Mb) of NLL cultivar Tanjil, which has captured >98% of the gene content, sequences of additional lines and a dense genetic map. Lupins are unique among legumes and differ from most other land plants in that they do not form mycorrhizal associations. Remarkably, we find that NLL has lost all mycorrhiza-specific genes, but has retained genes commonly required for mycorrhization and nodulation. In addition, the genome also provided candidate genes for key disease resistance and domestication traits. We also find evidence of a whole-genome triplication at around 25 million years ago in the genistoid lineage leading to Lupinus. Our results will support detailed studies of legume evolution and accelerate lupin breeding programmes.
-
identification and characterisation of seed storage protein transcripts from Lupinus angustifolius
BMC Plant Biology, 2011Co-Authors: Rhonda C Foley, Craig A. Atkins, Lingling Gao, Andrew Spriggs, Lena Y C Soo, Danica E Goggin, Penelope M C Smith, Karam B SinghAbstract:In legumes, seed storage proteins are important for the developing seedling and are an important source of protein for humans and animals. Lupinus angustifolius (L.), also known as narrow-leaf lupin (NLL) is a grain legume crop that is gaining recognition as a potential human health food as the grain is high in protein and dietary fibre, gluten-free and low in fat and starch. Genes encoding the seed storage proteins of NLL were characterised by sequencing cDNA clones derived from developing seeds. Four families of seed storage proteins were identified and comprised three unique α, seven β, two γ and four δ conglutins. This study added eleven new expressed storage protein genes for the species. A comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences of NLL conglutins with those available for the storage proteins of Lupinus albus (L.), Pisum sativum (L.), Medicago truncatula (L.), Arachis hypogaea (L.) and Glycine max (L.) permitted the analysis of a phylogenetic relationships between proteins and demonstrated, in general, that the strongest conservation occurred within species. In the case of 7S globulin (β conglutins) and 2S sulphur-rich albumin (δ conglutins), the analysis suggests that gene duplication occurred after legume speciation. This contrasted with 11S globulin (α conglutin) and basic 7S (γ conglutin) sequences where some of these sequences appear to have diverged prior to speciation. The most abundant NLL conglutin family was β (56%), followed by α (24%), δ (15%) and γ (6%) and the transcript levels of these genes increased 103 to 106 fold during seed development. We used the 16 NLL conglutin sequences identified here to determine that for individuals specifically allergic to lupin, all seven members of the β conglutin family were potential allergens. This study has characterised 16 seed storage protein genes in NLL including 11 newly-identified members. It has helped lay the foundation for efforts to use molecular breeding approaches to improve lupins, for example by reducing allergens or increasing the expression of specific seed storage protein(s) with desirable nutritional properties.
