The Experts below are selected from a list of 11772 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Wojciech Swat - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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sek1 mkk4 is required for maintenance of a normal peripheral lymphoid compartment but not for Lymphocyte Development
Immunity, 1998Co-Authors: Wojciech Swat, Keiko Fujikawa, Soula Ganiatsas, Di Yang, Ramnik J Xavier, Nancy Lee Harris, Laurie Davidson, Roger Ferrini, Roger J DavisAbstract:Abstract SAPK is a member of the group of evolutionary conserved stress-activated kinases that mediate control of cellular death and proliferation. In Lymphocytes, the SAPK pathway has been implicated in signaling from antigen, costimulatory, and death receptors; SEK1, which directly activates SAPK, is required for early embryonic Development and has also been reported to be essential for normal Lymphocyte Development. In contrast to the latter findings, we have used RAG-2–deficient blastocyst complementation to show that SEK1-deficient embryonic stem cells support unimpaired T and B Lymphocyte Development. Moreover, mature SEK1-deficient Lymphocytes are capable of SAPK activation. Surprisingly, however, aging SEK1-deficient chimeric mice frequently develop lymphadenopathy and polyclonal B and T cell expansions. Thus, SEK1 is not required for Lymphocyte Development, but is required for maintaining peripheral lymphoid homeostasis.
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SEK1/MKK4 Is Required for Maintenance of a Normal Peripheral Lymphoid Compartment but Not for Lymphocyte Development
Immunity, 1998Co-Authors: Wojciech Swat, Keiko Fujikawa, Soula Ganiatsas, Di Yang, Ramnik J Xavier, Nancy Lee Harris, Laurie Davidson, Roger Ferrini, Roger J Davis, Mark LabowAbstract:Abstract SAPK is a member of the group of evolutionary conserved stress-activated kinases that mediate control of cellular death and proliferation. In Lymphocytes, the SAPK pathway has been implicated in signaling from antigen, costimulatory, and death receptors; SEK1, which directly activates SAPK, is required for early embryonic Development and has also been reported to be essential for normal Lymphocyte Development. In contrast to the latter findings, we have used RAG-2–deficient blastocyst complementation to show that SEK1-deficient embryonic stem cells support unimpaired T and B Lymphocyte Development. Moreover, mature SEK1-deficient Lymphocytes are capable of SAPK activation. Surprisingly, however, aging SEK1-deficient chimeric mice frequently develop lymphadenopathy and polyclonal B and T cell expansions. Thus, SEK1 is not required for Lymphocyte Development, but is required for maintaining peripheral lymphoid homeostasis.
Kenneth Dorshkind - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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fate decisions regulating bone marrow and peripheral b Lymphocyte Development
Advances in Immunology, 2007Co-Authors: John G Monroe, Kenneth DorshkindAbstract:Abstract In adult mammals, bone marrow pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells generate B lymphoid‐specified progeny that progress through a series of well‐characterized stages before generating B‐cell receptor expressing B Lymphocytes. These functionally immature B Lymphocytes then migrate to the spleen wherein they differentiate through transitional stages into follicular or marginal zone B Lymphocytes capable of responding to T‐dependent and ‐independent antigens, respectively. During the terminal stages of B Lymphocyte Development in the bone marrow, as well as immediately following egress into the peripheral compartments, B Lymphocytes are counterselected to eliminate B Lymphocytes with potentially dangerous self‐reactivity. These Developmental and selection events in the bone marrow and periphery are dependent on the integration of intrinsic genetic programs with extrinsic microenvironmental signals that drive progenitors toward increasing B lineage commitment and maturation. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the various stages of primary and secondary B Lymphocyte Development with an emphasis on the selection processes that affect decisions at critical checkpoints. Our intent is to stress the concept that at many steps in the Developmental process leading to a mature immunocompetent B Lymphocyte, B lineage cells are integrating multiple and different signaling inputs that are translated into specific and appropriate cell fate decisions.
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age related changes in Lymphocyte Development and function
Nature Immunology, 2004Co-Authors: Phyllisjean Linton, Kenneth DorshkindAbstract:The effects of aging on the immune system are widespread and extend from hematopoietic stem cells and lymphoid progenitors in the bone marrow and thymus to mature Lymphocytes in secondary lymphoid organs. These changes combine to result in a diminution of immune responsiveness in the elderly. This review aims to provide an overview of age-related changes in Lymphocyte Development and function and discusses current controversies in the field of aging research.
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Regulation of Lymphocyte Development by Microenvironmental and Systemic Factors
Molecular Biology of B-Cell and T-Cell Development, 1998Co-Authors: Encarnacion Montecino-rodriguez, Kenneth DorshkindAbstract:Lymphocyte Development is a dynamic process in which committed lymphoid precursors progress through a series of defined maturational stages before generating B- and T-cells that express immunoglobulin and the T-cell receptor (TCR), respectively (1–4). This process is regulated by a variety of increasingly well-defined extracellular signals that influence the growth and differentiation of developing lymphoid progenitors.
Roger J Davis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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sek1 mkk4 is required for maintenance of a normal peripheral lymphoid compartment but not for Lymphocyte Development
Immunity, 1998Co-Authors: Wojciech Swat, Keiko Fujikawa, Soula Ganiatsas, Di Yang, Ramnik J Xavier, Nancy Lee Harris, Laurie Davidson, Roger Ferrini, Roger J DavisAbstract:Abstract SAPK is a member of the group of evolutionary conserved stress-activated kinases that mediate control of cellular death and proliferation. In Lymphocytes, the SAPK pathway has been implicated in signaling from antigen, costimulatory, and death receptors; SEK1, which directly activates SAPK, is required for early embryonic Development and has also been reported to be essential for normal Lymphocyte Development. In contrast to the latter findings, we have used RAG-2–deficient blastocyst complementation to show that SEK1-deficient embryonic stem cells support unimpaired T and B Lymphocyte Development. Moreover, mature SEK1-deficient Lymphocytes are capable of SAPK activation. Surprisingly, however, aging SEK1-deficient chimeric mice frequently develop lymphadenopathy and polyclonal B and T cell expansions. Thus, SEK1 is not required for Lymphocyte Development, but is required for maintaining peripheral lymphoid homeostasis.
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SEK1/MKK4 Is Required for Maintenance of a Normal Peripheral Lymphoid Compartment but Not for Lymphocyte Development
Immunity, 1998Co-Authors: Wojciech Swat, Keiko Fujikawa, Soula Ganiatsas, Di Yang, Ramnik J Xavier, Nancy Lee Harris, Laurie Davidson, Roger Ferrini, Roger J Davis, Mark LabowAbstract:Abstract SAPK is a member of the group of evolutionary conserved stress-activated kinases that mediate control of cellular death and proliferation. In Lymphocytes, the SAPK pathway has been implicated in signaling from antigen, costimulatory, and death receptors; SEK1, which directly activates SAPK, is required for early embryonic Development and has also been reported to be essential for normal Lymphocyte Development. In contrast to the latter findings, we have used RAG-2–deficient blastocyst complementation to show that SEK1-deficient embryonic stem cells support unimpaired T and B Lymphocyte Development. Moreover, mature SEK1-deficient Lymphocytes are capable of SAPK activation. Surprisingly, however, aging SEK1-deficient chimeric mice frequently develop lymphadenopathy and polyclonal B and T cell expansions. Thus, SEK1 is not required for Lymphocyte Development, but is required for maintaining peripheral lymphoid homeostasis.
Shiv Pillai - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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positive selection and lineage commitment during peripheral b Lymphocyte Development
Immunological Reviews, 2004Co-Authors: Shiv Pillai, Annaiah Cariappa, Stewart T MoranAbstract:Summary: Although it is appreciated that the antigen receptor on B cells is required for peripheral B-Lymphocyte Development and survival, it has been unclear whether this receptor interacts with self-antigens during Development or if it signals constitutively in an antigen-independent fashion. The analysis of mutant mice in which antigen receptor signaling in B cells is either attenuated or enhanced has revealed the existence of a follicular versus marginal zone B-Lymphocyte cell-fate decision. These analyses indicate that weak antigen receptor-derived signals favor marginal zone B-cell generation, and relatively strong signals favor the Development of mature follicular B cells. Even stronger signals derived from the antigen receptor favor the generation of B1 B cells. This signal strength model for B-cell Development supports the notion that self-antigens of varying affinity may mediate positive selection and lineage commitment. Direct evidence supporting such a view has been obtained from the analysis of antigen receptor knockin mice. Specific antigen receptors guide B cells to develop into specific lineages. Although Notch-2, nuclear factor-κBp50, and other genes are essential for marginal zone B-cell Development, instructive signals delivered by the antigen receptor represent the primary force driving positive selection and lineage commitment in B Lymphocytes.
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Lymphocyte Development: Cell Selection Events and Signals During Immune Ontogeny
2000Co-Authors: Shiv PillaiAbstract:1. An overview of cell fate decisions during lymphoid ontogeny 2. Commitment to a lymphoid fate 3. V(D)J recombination 4. Pathways mediating signal transduction and cell cycle progression in Lymphocytes 5. Molecular mechanisms of apoptosis 6. Lymphocyte homing and the generation of secondary lymphoid organs 7. Antigen independent B cell Development: The generation of mature B lineage cells 8. Antigen driven B cell differentiation 9. The thymus and early T cell Development 10. Antigen driven activation and differentiation of helper and cytotoxic T Lymphocytes 11. The Development of Natural Killer Lymphocytes 12. Lymphocyte Development gone awry: the molecular basis of naturally occurring immunodeficiency syndromes
Cornelis Murre - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Epigenetics of Early Lymphocyte Development
Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology, 2013Co-Authors: Cornelis MurreAbstract:: The mammalian genome is highly structured, both spatially and functionally. Chromosomes are organized into specific territories, which are further folded into euchromatic or heterochromatic compartments. The euchromatic compartment often contains domains decorated with activating epigenetic marks, whereas heterochromatic regions lack activating marks or bear repressive ones. During Lymphocyte Development, gene segments move between these compartments. Additionally, some genes undergoing changes in transcriptional activity also display elaborate alterations in chromatin folding. Lineage-specific transcription factors help mediate these reconfigurations. Herein, I describe how genetic loci encoding for key regulators switch nuclear neighborhoods and reorganize their 3D structures to drive cell fate.
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Helix-loop-helix proteins and Lymphocyte Development
Nature Immunology, 2005Co-Authors: Cornelis MurreAbstract:Helix-loop-helix (HLH) proteins are transcriptional regulators that control a wide variety of Developmental pathways in both invertebrate and vertebrate organisms. Results obtained in the past decade have shown that HLH proteins also contribute to the Development of lymphoid lineages. A subset of HLH proteins, the 'E proteins', seems to be particularly important for proper lymphoid Development. Members of the E protein family include E12, E47, E2-2 and HEB. The E proteins contribute to B lineage– and T lineage–specific gene expression programs, regulate Lymphocyte survival and cellular proliferation, activate the rearrangement of antigen receptor genes and control progression through critical Developmental checkpoints. This review discusses HLH proteins in Lymphocyte Development and homeostasis.
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The regulation and function of the Id proteins in Lymphocyte Development
Oncogene, 2001Co-Authors: Richard R. Rivera, Cornelis MurreAbstract:Helix–loop–helix (HLH) proteins are essential factors for Lymphocyte Development and function. One class of HLH proteins, the E-proteins, regulate many aspects of Lymphocyte maturation, survival, proliferation, and differentiation. E-proteins are negatively regulated by another class of HLH proteins known as the Id proteins. The Id proteins function as dominant negative inhibitors of E-proteins by inhibiting their ability to bind DNA. Here we discuss the function and regulation of the Id proteins in Lymphocyte Development.
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the function of e and id proteins in Lymphocyte Development
Nature Reviews Immunology, 2001Co-Authors: Isaac Engel, Cornelis MurreAbstract:Helix–loop–helix proteins are essential factors for Lymphocyte Development and function. In particular, E-proteins are crucial for commitment of lymphoid progenitors to the B- and T-cell lineages. E-proteins are negatively regulated by the Id class of helix–loop–helix proteins. The Id proteins function as dominant-negative inhibitors of E-proteins by inhibiting their ability to bind DNA. Here, we review the role of E-proteins and their Id protein antagonists in Lymphocyte proliferation and Developmental progression. In addition, we discuss how E-protein activity and Id gene expression are regulated by T-cell receptor (TCR) and pre-TCR-mediated signalling.
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The role of E-proteins in B- and T-Lymphocyte Development☆
Seminars in Immunology, 1998Co-Authors: Gretchen Bain, Cornelis MurreAbstract:Abstract Development of Lymphocytes from hematopoietic stem cells is controlled, in part, by the activity of transcriptional regulatory proteins. In particular, one class of helix-loop-helix proteins, termed E-proteins, have been implicated in the regulation of gene expression during B-cell Development. Recent analysis of gene-targeted mice has allowed a direct assessment of the functional roles of several E-protein family members in hematopoiesis. In this review we describe the defects in B- and T-Lymphocyte Development in mice carrying targeted mutations in the E-protein genes and discuss our current understanding of the role of these proteins in lymphoid Development.
