The Experts below are selected from a list of 309 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Ronald A Sherman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Medicinal Maggots: An Ancient Remedy for Some Contemporary Afflictions
Annual Review of Entomology, 2020Co-Authors: Ronald A Sherman, Martin J. R. Hall, S. ThomasAbstract:▪ Abstract Certain fly larvae can infest corpses or the wounds of live hosts. Those which are least invasive on live hosts have been used therapeutically, to remove dead tissue from wounds, and promote healing. This medicinal use of Maggots is increasing around the world, due to its efficacy, safety and simplicity. Given our low cultural esteem for Maggots, the increasing use and popularity of Maggot therapy is evidence of its utility. Maggot therapy has successfully treated many types of chronic wounds, but much clinical and basic research is needed still. In this review, the biology of myiasis and the history of Maggot therapy are presented, the current status of our understanding and clinical use of medicinal Maggots is discussed, and opportunities for future research and applications are proposed.
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Maggot Therapy for Wound Care in Austere Environments.
Journal of special operations medicine : a peer reviewed journal for SOF medical professionals, 2020Co-Authors: Ronald A Sherman, Michael R HetzlerAbstract:The past 25 years have seen an increase in use of Maggot therapy for wound care. Maggot therapy is very effective in wound debridement; it is simple to apply and requires very little in the way of resources, costs, or skilled personnel. These characteristics make it well suited for use in austere environments. The use of medical-grade Maggots makes Maggot therapy nearly risk free, but medical grade Maggots may not always be available, especially in the wilderness or in resource-limited communities. By understanding myiasis and fly biology, it should be possible even for the nonentomologist to obtain Maggots from the wild and apply them therapeutically, with minimal risks.
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Survey of patients of the Tver region of Russia regarding Maggots and Maggot therapy.
International Wound Journal, 2018Co-Authors: Artem M. Morozov, Ronald A ShermanAbstract:The 21st century is seeing a resurgence in the use of Maggot therapy-using the physical and biochemical benefits of fly larvae to debride and heal chronic, problematic wounds. Maggots are repulsive to many people, and this could interfere with the acceptance of this modality. Before instituting a Maggot therapy programme at our institution, we sought to better understand the psychological barriers that may exist among patients in the Tver region of Russia. Between 2014 and 2016, all patients with arterial insufficiency and trophic ulcers at City Clinical Hospital No. 7 in Tver were administered a survey consisting of six images. Subjects were asked to rank the images in the order of least to most repulsive or disgusting. A total of 576 subjects were recruited for this study: 414 (72%) women and 162 (28%) men. Nearly 60% of subjects considered the images of Maggots to be more repulsive than images of gangrenous wounds. This finding is significant because it indicates that much education and support will need to be conducted to address patient fears and anxiety if patients are to be comfortable with a Maggot therapy programme.
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mechanisms of Maggot induced wound healing what do we know and where do we go from here
Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2014Co-Authors: Ronald A ShermanAbstract:Medicinal Maggots are believed to have three major mechanisms of action on wounds, brought about chemically and through physical contact: debridement (cleaning of debris), disinfection, and hastened wound healing. Until recently, most of the evidence for these claims was anecdotal; but the past 25 years have seen an increase in the use and study of Maggot therapy. Controlled clinical studies are now available, along with laboratory investigations that examine the interaction of Maggot and host on a cellular and molecular level. This review was undertaken to extract the salient data, make sense, where possible, of seemingly conflicting evidence, and reexamine our paradigm for Maggot-induced wound healing. Clinical and laboratory data strongly support claims of effective and efficient debridement. Clinical evidence for hastened wound healing is meager, but laboratory studies and some small, replicated clinical studies strongly suggest that Maggots do promote tissue growth and wound healing, though it is likely only during and shortly after the period when they are present on the wound. The best way to evaluate—and indeed realize—Maggot-induced wound healing may be to use medicinal Maggots as a “maintenance debridement” modality, applying them beyond the point of gross debridement.
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Maggot therapy takes us back to the future of wound care new and improved Maggot therapy for the 21st century
Journal of diabetes science and technology, 2009Co-Authors: Ronald A ShermanAbstract:In the 21st century, eighty years after William Baer presented his groundbreaking work treating bone and soft tissue infections with live Maggots, thousands of therapists around the globe have rediscovered the benefits of Maggot therapy. The renaissance in Maggot therapy is due in large part to recent technological advancements that have solved or minimized many of the treatment's earlier drawbacks: the need for reliable access to this perishable medical device, simplified application, and low-cost production. Modern dressing materials have simplified the procedure and minimized the risk of escaping Maggots. The establishment of dozens of laboratories throughout the world, along with access to overnight courier services in many regions, has made medicinal Maggots readily available to millions of people in need. Studies show that fears of patient nonacceptance are unfounded. The medical literature is rapidly growing with scientific evidence demonstrating the efficacy and safety of Maggot therapy for a variety of problematic wounds. This article examines how these and other technologies are optimizing the study and application of Maggot therapy for wound care.
Norman A Ratcliffe - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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disruption of staphylococcus epidermidis biofilms by medicinal Maggot lucilia sericata excretions secretions
International Journal of Artificial Organs, 2009Co-Authors: Llinos G Harris, Yamni Nigam, Alyson Bexfield, Norman A Ratcliffe, Holger Rohde, Dietrich MackAbstract:Chronic infections are commonly associated with biofilms formed by bacteria such as Staphylococcus epidermidis. With the increase in antibiotic resistant bacteria, Maggot debridement therapy has been reintroduced for the treatment of chronic wounds. Studies have shown that the excretion/secretions (ES) of Lucilia sericata larvae (Maggots) contain many bioactive compounds which may contribute to the efficacy of Maggot therapy. The present study evaluates the effect of L. sericata ES on the formation and disruption of S. epidermidis 7457 and 5179-R1 biofilms. These strains employ either polysaccharide intercellular adhesin (PIA) or accumulation associated protein (Aap) for intercellular adhesion.A semiquantitative biofilm assay was used to measure the formation/disruption of S. epidermidis 7457 and 5179-R1 biofilms by ES. ES activity was characterized according to concentration, incubation time and temperature, thermal stability, and size. Immunofluorescence microscopy was used to ascertain the effect of ES...
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Maggot therapy the science and implication for cam part i history and bacterial resistance
Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2006Co-Authors: Yamni Nigam, Alyson Bexfield, Stephen Thomas, Norman A RatcliffeAbstract:It is now a universally acknowledged fact that Maggot therapy can be used successfully to treat chronic, long-standing, infected wounds, which have previously failed to respond to conventional treatment. Such wounds are typically characterized by the presence of necrotic tissue, underlying infection and poor healing. Maggot therapy employs the use of freshly emerged, sterile larvae of the common green-bottle fly, Phaenicia (Lucilia) sericata, and is a form of artificially induced myiasis in a controlled clinical situation. In this review article, we will discuss the role of Maggots and their preparation for clinical use. Maggot therapy has the following three core beneficial effects on a wound: debridement, disinfection and enhanced healing. In part I we explore our current understanding of the mechanisms underlying these effects.
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Maggot therapy the science and implication for cam part ii Maggots combat infection
Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2006Co-Authors: Yamni Nigam, Alyson Bexfield, Stephen M. Thomas, Norman A RatcliffeAbstract:Maggot therapy employs the use of freshly emerged, sterile larvae of the common green-bottle fly, Phaenicia (Lucilia) sericata, and is a form of artificially induced myiasis in a controlled clinical situation. Maggot therapy has the following three core beneficial effects on a wound: debridement, disinfection and enhanced healing. In part II of this review article, we discuss clinical infections and the evidence supporting the potent antibacterial action of Maggot secretions. Enhancement of wound healing by Maggots is discussed along with the future of this highly successful, often controversial, alternative treatment.
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Detection and partial characterisation of two antibacterial factors from the excretions/secretions of the medicinal Maggot Lucilia sericata and their activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
Microbes and Infection, 2004Co-Authors: Alyson Bexfield, Yamni Nigam, Stephen Thomas, Norman A RatcliffeAbstract:Maggot therapy is a simple and highly successful method for cleansing infected and necrotic wounds. The use of Maggots has become increasingly important in the treatment of non-healing wounds, particularly those infected with the multidrug-resistant pathogen, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The increasing challenge concerning the treatment of MRSA infections and the recent finding of vancomycin-resistant strains of MRSA have elicited the search for novel antibacterial compounds and, in particular, investigations into the potent antibacterial mechanism(s) behind Maggot therapy. In this study, we report that excretions/secretions (ES) from the blowfly, Lucilia sericata, exhibit potent, thermally stable, protease resistant antibacterial activity against MRSA in vitro. We describe the initial characterisation of two antibacterial factors from native ES of L. sericata. A small,
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detection and partial characterisation of two antibacterial factors from the excretions secretions of the medicinal Maggot lucilia sericata and their activity against methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus mrsa
Microbes and Infection, 2004Co-Authors: Alyson Bexfield, Yamni Nigam, Stephen Thomas, Norman A RatcliffeAbstract:Abstract Maggot therapy is a simple and highly successful method for cleansing infected and necrotic wounds. The use of Maggots has become increasingly important in the treatment of non-healing wounds, particularly those infected with the multidrug-resistant pathogen, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The increasing challenge concerning the treatment of MRSA infections and the recent finding of vancomycin-resistant strains of MRSA have elicited the search for novel antibacterial compounds and, in particular, investigations into the potent antibacterial mechanism(s) behind Maggot therapy. In this study, we report that excretions/secretions (ES) from the blowfly, Lucilia sericata , exhibit potent, thermally stable, protease resistant antibacterial activity against MRSA in vitro. We describe the initial characterisation of two antibacterial factors from native ES of L. sericata . A small, S. aureus was also partially characterised.
Yamni Nigam - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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does Maggot therapy promote wound healing the clinical and cellular evidence
Journal of The European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, 2016Co-Authors: Yamni Nigam, Claire MorganAbstract:The larvae of Lucillia sericata, or Maggots of the green-bottle fly, are used worldwide to help debride chronic, necrotic and infected wounds. Whilst there is abundant clinical and scientific evidence to support the role of Maggots for debriding and disinfecting wounds, not so much emphasis has been placed on their role in stimulating wound healing. However, there is accumulating evidence to suggest that Maggots and their externalized secretions may also promote wound healing in stubborn, recalcitrant chronic ulcers. There are a growing number of clinical reports which support the observation that wounds which have been exposed to a course of Maggot debridement therapy also show earlier healing and closure end-points. In addition, recent pre-clinical laboratory studies also indicate that Maggot secretions can promote important cellular processes which explain this increased healing activity. Such processes include activation of fibroblast migration, angiogenesis (the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing vessels) within the wound bed, and an enhanced production of growth factors within the wound environment. Thus, in this review, we summarize the clinical evidence which links Maggots and improved wound healing, and we precis recent scientific studies which examine and identify the role of Maggots, particularly individual components of Maggot secretions, on specific cellular aspects of wound healing.
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disruption of staphylococcus epidermidis biofilms by medicinal Maggot lucilia sericata excretions secretions
International Journal of Artificial Organs, 2009Co-Authors: Llinos G Harris, Yamni Nigam, Alyson Bexfield, Norman A Ratcliffe, Holger Rohde, Dietrich MackAbstract:Chronic infections are commonly associated with biofilms formed by bacteria such as Staphylococcus epidermidis. With the increase in antibiotic resistant bacteria, Maggot debridement therapy has been reintroduced for the treatment of chronic wounds. Studies have shown that the excretion/secretions (ES) of Lucilia sericata larvae (Maggots) contain many bioactive compounds which may contribute to the efficacy of Maggot therapy. The present study evaluates the effect of L. sericata ES on the formation and disruption of S. epidermidis 7457 and 5179-R1 biofilms. These strains employ either polysaccharide intercellular adhesin (PIA) or accumulation associated protein (Aap) for intercellular adhesion.A semiquantitative biofilm assay was used to measure the formation/disruption of S. epidermidis 7457 and 5179-R1 biofilms by ES. ES activity was characterized according to concentration, incubation time and temperature, thermal stability, and size. Immunofluorescence microscopy was used to ascertain the effect of ES...
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Maggot therapy the science and implication for cam part i history and bacterial resistance
Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2006Co-Authors: Yamni Nigam, Alyson Bexfield, Stephen Thomas, Norman A RatcliffeAbstract:It is now a universally acknowledged fact that Maggot therapy can be used successfully to treat chronic, long-standing, infected wounds, which have previously failed to respond to conventional treatment. Such wounds are typically characterized by the presence of necrotic tissue, underlying infection and poor healing. Maggot therapy employs the use of freshly emerged, sterile larvae of the common green-bottle fly, Phaenicia (Lucilia) sericata, and is a form of artificially induced myiasis in a controlled clinical situation. In this review article, we will discuss the role of Maggots and their preparation for clinical use. Maggot therapy has the following three core beneficial effects on a wound: debridement, disinfection and enhanced healing. In part I we explore our current understanding of the mechanisms underlying these effects.
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Maggot therapy the science and implication for cam part ii Maggots combat infection
Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2006Co-Authors: Yamni Nigam, Alyson Bexfield, Stephen M. Thomas, Norman A RatcliffeAbstract:Maggot therapy employs the use of freshly emerged, sterile larvae of the common green-bottle fly, Phaenicia (Lucilia) sericata, and is a form of artificially induced myiasis in a controlled clinical situation. Maggot therapy has the following three core beneficial effects on a wound: debridement, disinfection and enhanced healing. In part II of this review article, we discuss clinical infections and the evidence supporting the potent antibacterial action of Maggot secretions. Enhancement of wound healing by Maggots is discussed along with the future of this highly successful, often controversial, alternative treatment.
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Detection and partial characterisation of two antibacterial factors from the excretions/secretions of the medicinal Maggot Lucilia sericata and their activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
Microbes and Infection, 2004Co-Authors: Alyson Bexfield, Yamni Nigam, Stephen Thomas, Norman A RatcliffeAbstract:Maggot therapy is a simple and highly successful method for cleansing infected and necrotic wounds. The use of Maggots has become increasingly important in the treatment of non-healing wounds, particularly those infected with the multidrug-resistant pathogen, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The increasing challenge concerning the treatment of MRSA infections and the recent finding of vancomycin-resistant strains of MRSA have elicited the search for novel antibacterial compounds and, in particular, investigations into the potent antibacterial mechanism(s) behind Maggot therapy. In this study, we report that excretions/secretions (ES) from the blowfly, Lucilia sericata, exhibit potent, thermally stable, protease resistant antibacterial activity against MRSA in vitro. We describe the initial characterisation of two antibacterial factors from native ES of L. sericata. A small,
Alyson Bexfield - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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disruption of staphylococcus epidermidis biofilms by medicinal Maggot lucilia sericata excretions secretions
International Journal of Artificial Organs, 2009Co-Authors: Llinos G Harris, Yamni Nigam, Alyson Bexfield, Norman A Ratcliffe, Holger Rohde, Dietrich MackAbstract:Chronic infections are commonly associated with biofilms formed by bacteria such as Staphylococcus epidermidis. With the increase in antibiotic resistant bacteria, Maggot debridement therapy has been reintroduced for the treatment of chronic wounds. Studies have shown that the excretion/secretions (ES) of Lucilia sericata larvae (Maggots) contain many bioactive compounds which may contribute to the efficacy of Maggot therapy. The present study evaluates the effect of L. sericata ES on the formation and disruption of S. epidermidis 7457 and 5179-R1 biofilms. These strains employ either polysaccharide intercellular adhesin (PIA) or accumulation associated protein (Aap) for intercellular adhesion.A semiquantitative biofilm assay was used to measure the formation/disruption of S. epidermidis 7457 and 5179-R1 biofilms by ES. ES activity was characterized according to concentration, incubation time and temperature, thermal stability, and size. Immunofluorescence microscopy was used to ascertain the effect of ES...
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Maggot therapy the science and implication for cam part i history and bacterial resistance
Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2006Co-Authors: Yamni Nigam, Alyson Bexfield, Stephen Thomas, Norman A RatcliffeAbstract:It is now a universally acknowledged fact that Maggot therapy can be used successfully to treat chronic, long-standing, infected wounds, which have previously failed to respond to conventional treatment. Such wounds are typically characterized by the presence of necrotic tissue, underlying infection and poor healing. Maggot therapy employs the use of freshly emerged, sterile larvae of the common green-bottle fly, Phaenicia (Lucilia) sericata, and is a form of artificially induced myiasis in a controlled clinical situation. In this review article, we will discuss the role of Maggots and their preparation for clinical use. Maggot therapy has the following three core beneficial effects on a wound: debridement, disinfection and enhanced healing. In part I we explore our current understanding of the mechanisms underlying these effects.
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Maggot therapy the science and implication for cam part ii Maggots combat infection
Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2006Co-Authors: Yamni Nigam, Alyson Bexfield, Stephen M. Thomas, Norman A RatcliffeAbstract:Maggot therapy employs the use of freshly emerged, sterile larvae of the common green-bottle fly, Phaenicia (Lucilia) sericata, and is a form of artificially induced myiasis in a controlled clinical situation. Maggot therapy has the following three core beneficial effects on a wound: debridement, disinfection and enhanced healing. In part II of this review article, we discuss clinical infections and the evidence supporting the potent antibacterial action of Maggot secretions. Enhancement of wound healing by Maggots is discussed along with the future of this highly successful, often controversial, alternative treatment.
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Detection and partial characterisation of two antibacterial factors from the excretions/secretions of the medicinal Maggot Lucilia sericata and their activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
Microbes and Infection, 2004Co-Authors: Alyson Bexfield, Yamni Nigam, Stephen Thomas, Norman A RatcliffeAbstract:Maggot therapy is a simple and highly successful method for cleansing infected and necrotic wounds. The use of Maggots has become increasingly important in the treatment of non-healing wounds, particularly those infected with the multidrug-resistant pathogen, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The increasing challenge concerning the treatment of MRSA infections and the recent finding of vancomycin-resistant strains of MRSA have elicited the search for novel antibacterial compounds and, in particular, investigations into the potent antibacterial mechanism(s) behind Maggot therapy. In this study, we report that excretions/secretions (ES) from the blowfly, Lucilia sericata, exhibit potent, thermally stable, protease resistant antibacterial activity against MRSA in vitro. We describe the initial characterisation of two antibacterial factors from native ES of L. sericata. A small,
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detection and partial characterisation of two antibacterial factors from the excretions secretions of the medicinal Maggot lucilia sericata and their activity against methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus mrsa
Microbes and Infection, 2004Co-Authors: Alyson Bexfield, Yamni Nigam, Stephen Thomas, Norman A RatcliffeAbstract:Abstract Maggot therapy is a simple and highly successful method for cleansing infected and necrotic wounds. The use of Maggots has become increasingly important in the treatment of non-healing wounds, particularly those infected with the multidrug-resistant pathogen, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The increasing challenge concerning the treatment of MRSA infections and the recent finding of vancomycin-resistant strains of MRSA have elicited the search for novel antibacterial compounds and, in particular, investigations into the potent antibacterial mechanism(s) behind Maggot therapy. In this study, we report that excretions/secretions (ES) from the blowfly, Lucilia sericata , exhibit potent, thermally stable, protease resistant antibacterial activity against MRSA in vitro. We describe the initial characterisation of two antibacterial factors from native ES of L. sericata . A small, S. aureus was also partially characterised.
Stephen Thomas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Maggot therapy the science and implication for cam part i history and bacterial resistance
Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2006Co-Authors: Yamni Nigam, Alyson Bexfield, Stephen Thomas, Norman A RatcliffeAbstract:It is now a universally acknowledged fact that Maggot therapy can be used successfully to treat chronic, long-standing, infected wounds, which have previously failed to respond to conventional treatment. Such wounds are typically characterized by the presence of necrotic tissue, underlying infection and poor healing. Maggot therapy employs the use of freshly emerged, sterile larvae of the common green-bottle fly, Phaenicia (Lucilia) sericata, and is a form of artificially induced myiasis in a controlled clinical situation. In this review article, we will discuss the role of Maggots and their preparation for clinical use. Maggot therapy has the following three core beneficial effects on a wound: debridement, disinfection and enhanced healing. In part I we explore our current understanding of the mechanisms underlying these effects.
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Detection and partial characterisation of two antibacterial factors from the excretions/secretions of the medicinal Maggot Lucilia sericata and their activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
Microbes and Infection, 2004Co-Authors: Alyson Bexfield, Yamni Nigam, Stephen Thomas, Norman A RatcliffeAbstract:Maggot therapy is a simple and highly successful method for cleansing infected and necrotic wounds. The use of Maggots has become increasingly important in the treatment of non-healing wounds, particularly those infected with the multidrug-resistant pathogen, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The increasing challenge concerning the treatment of MRSA infections and the recent finding of vancomycin-resistant strains of MRSA have elicited the search for novel antibacterial compounds and, in particular, investigations into the potent antibacterial mechanism(s) behind Maggot therapy. In this study, we report that excretions/secretions (ES) from the blowfly, Lucilia sericata, exhibit potent, thermally stable, protease resistant antibacterial activity against MRSA in vitro. We describe the initial characterisation of two antibacterial factors from native ES of L. sericata. A small,
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detection and partial characterisation of two antibacterial factors from the excretions secretions of the medicinal Maggot lucilia sericata and their activity against methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus mrsa
Microbes and Infection, 2004Co-Authors: Alyson Bexfield, Yamni Nigam, Stephen Thomas, Norman A RatcliffeAbstract:Abstract Maggot therapy is a simple and highly successful method for cleansing infected and necrotic wounds. The use of Maggots has become increasingly important in the treatment of non-healing wounds, particularly those infected with the multidrug-resistant pathogen, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The increasing challenge concerning the treatment of MRSA infections and the recent finding of vancomycin-resistant strains of MRSA have elicited the search for novel antibacterial compounds and, in particular, investigations into the potent antibacterial mechanism(s) behind Maggot therapy. In this study, we report that excretions/secretions (ES) from the blowfly, Lucilia sericata , exhibit potent, thermally stable, protease resistant antibacterial activity against MRSA in vitro. We describe the initial characterisation of two antibacterial factors from native ES of L. sericata . A small, S. aureus was also partially characterised.
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the current status of Maggot therapy in wound healing
British journal of nursing, 2001Co-Authors: Stephen Thomas, M. Jones, Karen Wynn, Tony FowlerAbstract:The clinical use of sterile Maggots under the brand name LarveE has increased steadily in the UK since they were introduced in the UK in late 1995. Some 50 articles have been published in the last 4 years that describe the cost-effectiveness of Maggot therapy in a variety of wound types including leg ulcers, pressure ulcers and diabetic ulcers. The ability of these creatures to combat wound infection has been well documented including those caused by antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. No significant risks or adverse events have been linked to the use of Maggots, although their presence may increase pain levels in leg ulcers associated with ischaemic disease.
