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Niels E Skakkebaek - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a brief review of the link between environment and Male Reproductive Health lessons from studies of testicular germ cell cancer
Hormone Research in Paediatrics, 2016Co-Authors: Niels E SkakkebaekAbstract:During the past few decades there has been a significantly increasing trend in germ cell tumours all over the world, particularly in countries with Caucasian populations. The changes in incidence have occurred so fast that only environmental factors can explain this development. This review focuses on the hypothesis that testicular germ cell cancer, which originates from germ cell neoplasia in situ, is of foetal origin and associated with other Male Reproductive problems through a testicular dysgenesis syndrome, also including foetal origin of impaired spermatogenesis, hypospadias and cryptorchidism. There is little doubt that environmental factors associated with modern lifestyles have - in a broad sense - had an adverse influence on Male Reproductive Health. The hypothesis that exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals plays a fundamental role in this trend is plausible. This is based on evidence from animal studies that demonstrate adverse Reproductive effects caused by a number of endocrine-disrupting chemicals to which humans are exposed as part of our modern lifestyle.
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cryptorchidism and hypospadias as a sign of testicular dysgenesis syndrome tds environmental connection
Birth Defects Research Part A-clinical and Molecular Teratology, 2010Co-Authors: Jorma Toppari, Helena E. Virtanen, Katharina M Main, Niels E SkakkebaekAbstract:Cryptorchidism and hypospadias are common genital birth defects that affect 2–9% and 0.2–1% of Male newborns, respectively. The incidence of both defects shows large geographic variation, and in several countries increasing trends have been reported. The conditions share many risk factors, and they are also interlinked to the risk of testis cancer and poor semen quality. Testicular Dysgenesis Syndrome (TDS) may underlie many cases of all these Male Reproductive Health problems. Genetic defects in androgen production or action can cause both cryptorchidism and hypospadias, but these are not common. A monogenic reason for cryptorchidism or hypospadias has been identified only in a small proportion of all cases. Environmental effects appear to play a major role in TDS. Exposure to several persistent chemicals has been found to be associated with the risk of cryptorchidism, and exposure to anti-androgenic phthalates has been shown to be associated with hormonal changes predisposing to Male Reproductive problems. Despite progress in identification of endocrine-disrupting substances, we are still far from knowing all the risk factors for these birth defects, and advice for prevention must be based on precautionary principles. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2010. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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declining trends in conception rates in recent birth cohorts of native danish women a possible role of deteriorating Male Reproductive Health
Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey, 2009Co-Authors: Tina Kold Jensen, Tomas Sobotka, Martin Asser Hansen, Anette Tonnes Pedersen, Wolfgang Lutz, Niels E SkakkebaekAbstract:In the last 2 decades, there has been a decline in sperm counts and semen quality among young men in Europe and the United States. Several studies have reported that sperm quality was low among 20% or more of normal young Danish men, and that men born in the 1970s had significantly poorer semen quality than men born in previous decades. The investigators hypothesize that current widespread use of assisted Reproductive technology (ART) may result in part from decreased fecundity (ability to conceive) as a consequence of inferior sperm quality. This retrospective study used Danish registers on births and abortions to assess the possible effect of the poor Male semen quality and decreased fecundity on pregnancy rates in young women. The investigators linked data from Danish birth, abortion and ART registries to determine the total natural conception rate (TNCR), which is defined as the total fertility rate plus the total induced abortion rate minus the ART conception rate. A total of 706,270 women who were born between 1960 and 1980 constituted the data base. Of these, 459,838 (65%) had become mothers before the end of 2003. Because later cohorts of these women had not completely finished their Reproductive activity, projections were used to estimate their future fertility, induced abortion rates, and ART conception rates. The data showed that the TNCR progressively declined among birth cohorts of the women born in 1960 to 1980, primarily because of a reduction in the induced abortion rate, and that the total fertility rate was maintained in large part by increasing use of ART. This was consistent with the investigators' hypothesis that poor semen quality and reduced fecundity may have a negative impact on conception rates and fertility rates among younger cohorts of Danish women. Improved use of contraception through public Health education programs is often assumed to play a major role in the lower rates of induced abortion among younger birth cohorts. The investigators believe, however, that progressively poorer sperm quality resulting in decreased fecundity among otherwise Healthy young men is a likely explanation for much of the observed decline in abortion rates.
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adverse trends in Male Reproductive Health we may have reached a crucial tipping point
International Journal of Andrology, 2008Co-Authors: Annamaria Andersson, Tina Kold Jensen, Jorma Toppari, Katharina M Main, Rajpertde E Meyts, Niels Jorgensen, H Leffers, Anders Juul, Niels E SkakkebaekAbstract:Healthy men produce an enormous number of sperms, far more than necessary for conception. However, several studies suggest that semen samples where the concentration of sperms is below 40 mill/mL may be associated with longer time to pregnancy or even subfertility, and specimens where the concentration of sperms is below 15 mill/mL may carry a high risk of infertility. Historic data from the 1940s show that the bulk of young men at that time had sperm counts far above 40 mill/mL with averages higher than 100 mill/mL. However, recent surveillance studies of young men from the general populations of young men in Northern Europe show that semen quality is much poorer. In Denmark approximately 40 percent of the men have now sperm counts below 40 mill/mL. A simulation assuming that average sperm count had declined from 100 mill/mL in 'old times' to a current level close to 40 mill/mL indicated that the first decline in average sperm number of 20-40 mill/mL might not have had much effect on pregnancy rates, as the majority of men would still have had counts far above the threshold value. However, due to the assumed decline in semen quality, the sperm counts of the majority of 20 year old European men are now so low that we may be close to the crucial tipping point of 40 mill/mL spermatozoa. Consequently, we must face the possibility of more infertile couples and lower fertility rates in the future.
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declining trends in conception rates in recent birth cohorts of native danish women a possible role of deteriorating Male Reproductive Health
International Journal of Andrology, 2008Co-Authors: Tina Kold Jensen, Tomas Sobotka, Martin Asser Hansen, Anette Tonnes Pedersen, Wolfgang Lutz, Niels E SkakkebaekAbstract:Recent findings of poor semen quality among at least 20% of normal young men in Denmark prompted us to use unique Danish registers on births and induced abortions to evaluate a possible effect of the poor Male fecundity on pregnancy rates among their presumed partners – the younger cohorts of women. We have analysed data from the Danish birth and abortion registries as well as the Danish registry for assisted reproduction (ART) and defined a total natural conception rate (TNCR), which is equal to fertility rate plus induced abortion rate minus ART conception rate. A unique personal identification number allowed the linkage of these databases. Our database included 706 270 native Danish women born between 1960 and 1980. We used projections to estimate the fertility of the later cohorts of women who had not yet finished their reproduction. We found that younger cohorts had progressively lower TNCR and that in terms of their total fertility rate, the declining TNCR is compensated by an increasing use of ART. Our hypothesis of an ongoing birth cohort-related decline in fecundity was also supported by our finding of increasing and substantial use of ART in the management of infertility of relatively young couples in the later cohorts. Furthermore, the lower rates of induced abortion among the younger birth cohorts, often viewed as a success of Health education programs, may not be fully explained by improved use of contraception. It seems more likely that decreased fecundity because of widespread poor semen quality among younger cohorts of otherwise normal men may explain some of the observed decline in conception rates. This may imply increasing Reproductive Health problems and lower fertility in the future, which is difficult to reverse in the short term. The current and projected widespread use of ART in Denmark may be a sign of such an emerging public Health problem.
Tina Kold Jensen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Endocrine disrupters, semen quality and anogenital distance
Current Opinion in Endocrine and Metabolic Research, 2019Co-Authors: Tina Kold JensenAbstract:Abstract The literature on effects of exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (organochlorine compounds, phthalates, perfluorinated alkylated substances [PFAS], and bisphenol A [BPA]) on anogenital distance (AGD) and semen quality will be reviewed and challenges discussed. Generally, AGD appears to be a promising, easily obtainable marker of Male Reproductive Health. Maternal exposure to phthalates has been associated with shorter AGD in Male offspring although not consistently, whereas too few studies on the effects of exposure to PFAS and BPA on AGD are found to draw firm conclusion. Meta-analyses suggest that adult phthalate exposure may affect semen quality, whereas the results for the effect of PFAS and BPA exposure on semen quality are contradictory. Interestingly, few studies suggest that maternal exposure to these chemicals may affect semen quality in the offspring. It is therefore important to conduct birth cohort studies focusing on the effect of exposures during vulnerable time windows. They should include biological material and focus on multiple exposures and have the necessary size and long-term follow-up with clinical examinations.
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alcohol and Male Reproductive Health a cross sectional study of 8344 Healthy men from europe and the usa
Human Reproduction, 2014Co-Authors: Tina Kold Jensen, Jorma Toppari, Niels Jorgensen, Shanna H Swan, Bruce Redmon, Margus Punab, Erma Z Drobnis, Trine B Haugen, Birute ZilaitieneAbstract:STUDY QUESTION Is there an association between alcohol intake and semen quality and serum Reproductive hormones among Healthy men from the USA and Europe?
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declining trends in conception rates in recent birth cohorts of native danish women a possible role of deteriorating Male Reproductive Health
Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey, 2009Co-Authors: Tina Kold Jensen, Tomas Sobotka, Martin Asser Hansen, Anette Tonnes Pedersen, Wolfgang Lutz, Niels E SkakkebaekAbstract:In the last 2 decades, there has been a decline in sperm counts and semen quality among young men in Europe and the United States. Several studies have reported that sperm quality was low among 20% or more of normal young Danish men, and that men born in the 1970s had significantly poorer semen quality than men born in previous decades. The investigators hypothesize that current widespread use of assisted Reproductive technology (ART) may result in part from decreased fecundity (ability to conceive) as a consequence of inferior sperm quality. This retrospective study used Danish registers on births and abortions to assess the possible effect of the poor Male semen quality and decreased fecundity on pregnancy rates in young women. The investigators linked data from Danish birth, abortion and ART registries to determine the total natural conception rate (TNCR), which is defined as the total fertility rate plus the total induced abortion rate minus the ART conception rate. A total of 706,270 women who were born between 1960 and 1980 constituted the data base. Of these, 459,838 (65%) had become mothers before the end of 2003. Because later cohorts of these women had not completely finished their Reproductive activity, projections were used to estimate their future fertility, induced abortion rates, and ART conception rates. The data showed that the TNCR progressively declined among birth cohorts of the women born in 1960 to 1980, primarily because of a reduction in the induced abortion rate, and that the total fertility rate was maintained in large part by increasing use of ART. This was consistent with the investigators' hypothesis that poor semen quality and reduced fecundity may have a negative impact on conception rates and fertility rates among younger cohorts of Danish women. Improved use of contraception through public Health education programs is often assumed to play a major role in the lower rates of induced abortion among younger birth cohorts. The investigators believe, however, that progressively poorer sperm quality resulting in decreased fecundity among otherwise Healthy young men is a likely explanation for much of the observed decline in abortion rates.
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adverse trends in Male Reproductive Health we may have reached a crucial tipping point
International Journal of Andrology, 2008Co-Authors: Annamaria Andersson, Tina Kold Jensen, Jorma Toppari, Katharina M Main, Rajpertde E Meyts, Niels Jorgensen, H Leffers, Anders Juul, Niels E SkakkebaekAbstract:Healthy men produce an enormous number of sperms, far more than necessary for conception. However, several studies suggest that semen samples where the concentration of sperms is below 40 mill/mL may be associated with longer time to pregnancy or even subfertility, and specimens where the concentration of sperms is below 15 mill/mL may carry a high risk of infertility. Historic data from the 1940s show that the bulk of young men at that time had sperm counts far above 40 mill/mL with averages higher than 100 mill/mL. However, recent surveillance studies of young men from the general populations of young men in Northern Europe show that semen quality is much poorer. In Denmark approximately 40 percent of the men have now sperm counts below 40 mill/mL. A simulation assuming that average sperm count had declined from 100 mill/mL in 'old times' to a current level close to 40 mill/mL indicated that the first decline in average sperm number of 20-40 mill/mL might not have had much effect on pregnancy rates, as the majority of men would still have had counts far above the threshold value. However, due to the assumed decline in semen quality, the sperm counts of the majority of 20 year old European men are now so low that we may be close to the crucial tipping point of 40 mill/mL spermatozoa. Consequently, we must face the possibility of more infertile couples and lower fertility rates in the future.
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declining trends in conception rates in recent birth cohorts of native danish women a possible role of deteriorating Male Reproductive Health
International Journal of Andrology, 2008Co-Authors: Tina Kold Jensen, Tomas Sobotka, Martin Asser Hansen, Anette Tonnes Pedersen, Wolfgang Lutz, Niels E SkakkebaekAbstract:Recent findings of poor semen quality among at least 20% of normal young men in Denmark prompted us to use unique Danish registers on births and induced abortions to evaluate a possible effect of the poor Male fecundity on pregnancy rates among their presumed partners – the younger cohorts of women. We have analysed data from the Danish birth and abortion registries as well as the Danish registry for assisted reproduction (ART) and defined a total natural conception rate (TNCR), which is equal to fertility rate plus induced abortion rate minus ART conception rate. A unique personal identification number allowed the linkage of these databases. Our database included 706 270 native Danish women born between 1960 and 1980. We used projections to estimate the fertility of the later cohorts of women who had not yet finished their reproduction. We found that younger cohorts had progressively lower TNCR and that in terms of their total fertility rate, the declining TNCR is compensated by an increasing use of ART. Our hypothesis of an ongoing birth cohort-related decline in fecundity was also supported by our finding of increasing and substantial use of ART in the management of infertility of relatively young couples in the later cohorts. Furthermore, the lower rates of induced abortion among the younger birth cohorts, often viewed as a success of Health education programs, may not be fully explained by improved use of contraception. It seems more likely that decreased fecundity because of widespread poor semen quality among younger cohorts of otherwise normal men may explain some of the observed decline in conception rates. This may imply increasing Reproductive Health problems and lower fertility in the future, which is difficult to reverse in the short term. The current and projected widespread use of ART in Denmark may be a sign of such an emerging public Health problem.
Jorma Toppari - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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associations between Male Reproductive Health and exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals
Current Opinion in Endocrine and Metabolic Research, 2019Co-Authors: Wiwat Rodprasert, Katharina M Main, Jorma Toppari, Helena E. VirtanenAbstract:Abstract The incidence of many Male Reproductive disorders, including cryptorchidism and testicular cancer has increased. Semen quality in several countries has declined. Exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) — both prenatal and postnatal — has been proposed to have a role in these trends based on experimental data and animal studies. There is epidemiological evidence for an association between prenatal exposure to EDCs and cryptorchidism, hypospadias, and decreased anogenital distance, as well as an association between an exposure to EDCs in adulthood and semen quality. However, some of these findings are inconsistent across studies. There is less evidence about the role of prenatal exposure to EDCs for semen quality, and only few studies have investigated the role of prenatal EDC exposure in testicular cancer occurrence. This is due to a lack of long-term follow-up studies linking prenatal exposures with Male Reproductive disorders in adulthood. More research is needed investigating the role of EDC exposure for Male Reproductive Health, particularly long-term follow-up studies to assess the outcomes in adulthood.
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alcohol and Male Reproductive Health a cross sectional study of 8344 Healthy men from europe and the usa
Human Reproduction, 2014Co-Authors: Tina Kold Jensen, Jorma Toppari, Niels Jorgensen, Shanna H Swan, Bruce Redmon, Margus Punab, Erma Z Drobnis, Trine B Haugen, Birute ZilaitieneAbstract:STUDY QUESTION Is there an association between alcohol intake and semen quality and serum Reproductive hormones among Healthy men from the USA and Europe?
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prenatal exposure to smoking and Male Reproductive Health
Current Opinion in Endocrinology Diabetes and Obesity, 2012Co-Authors: Helena E. Virtanen, Sergey Sadov, Jorma ToppariAbstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW To assess whether prenatal exposure to smoking is associated with impaired Reproductive Health in exposed men. RECENT FINDINGS Men who have been exposed to maternal smoking in utero have smaller testes and impaired semen quality as compared to nonexposed men, suggesting toxic effects on Sertoli and/or germ cells. According to meta-analyses there is only a weak or no association with fetal exposure to smoking and the incidence of testicular germ cell cancer, cryptorchidism, or hypospadias. SUMMARY Adverse effect of maternal smoking on sperm production capacity of their son is yet another good reason for women to quit smoking before pregnancy.
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cryptorchidism and hypospadias as a sign of testicular dysgenesis syndrome tds environmental connection
Birth Defects Research Part A-clinical and Molecular Teratology, 2010Co-Authors: Jorma Toppari, Helena E. Virtanen, Katharina M Main, Niels E SkakkebaekAbstract:Cryptorchidism and hypospadias are common genital birth defects that affect 2–9% and 0.2–1% of Male newborns, respectively. The incidence of both defects shows large geographic variation, and in several countries increasing trends have been reported. The conditions share many risk factors, and they are also interlinked to the risk of testis cancer and poor semen quality. Testicular Dysgenesis Syndrome (TDS) may underlie many cases of all these Male Reproductive Health problems. Genetic defects in androgen production or action can cause both cryptorchidism and hypospadias, but these are not common. A monogenic reason for cryptorchidism or hypospadias has been identified only in a small proportion of all cases. Environmental effects appear to play a major role in TDS. Exposure to several persistent chemicals has been found to be associated with the risk of cryptorchidism, and exposure to anti-androgenic phthalates has been shown to be associated with hormonal changes predisposing to Male Reproductive problems. Despite progress in identification of endocrine-disrupting substances, we are still far from knowing all the risk factors for these birth defects, and advice for prevention must be based on precautionary principles. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2010. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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Male Reproductive Health after childhood cancer
Acta Paediatrica, 2008Co-Authors: Paivi M Lahteenmaki, Annamaria Andersson, Jorma Toppari, M Arola, J Suominen, Toivo T SalmiAbstract:Aim: Twenty-five Male patients were investigated to elucidate the correlation of semen parameters and other related parameters in the assessment of spermatogeneis after childhood cancer treatment. Methods: Evaluation of given cancer treatment, anthropometric and testicular size measurements, semen analysis, and measurement of gonadotrophins, testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), and inhibin B were performed according to a protocol. Results: Median (range) sperm concentration (SC) was 35.5 (0–273) ×106/mL, and percentage of motile sperm 56 (0–86)%. Testicular size (r = 0.73, p < 0.001) and the level of inhibin B (r = 0.66, p < 0.001) correlated strongly to SC. SC correlated negatively to FSH (r = 0.46, p = 0.03). Only testicular size predicted SC significantly (p = 0.03). Inhibin B showed highest area under ROC curve (0.83, 95%CI 0.67–0.99) in showing SC < 20 ×106/mL. Body mass index (BMI) did not correlate with SC, but negative correlation between BMI and SHBG was found (r =−0.41, p = 0.04). Conclusion: Although semen analysis is a useful instrument for fertility assessment in men, it is often difficult to get these samples from childhood cancer survivors. Thus, indirect methods are needed in prediction of possible sperm count impairment in postpubertal adolescents after cancer treatment. When combined with the data on testicular size and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) level, inhibin B gives valuable addition to the estimations of spermatogenesis.
Katharina M Main - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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associations between Male Reproductive Health and exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals
Current Opinion in Endocrine and Metabolic Research, 2019Co-Authors: Wiwat Rodprasert, Katharina M Main, Jorma Toppari, Helena E. VirtanenAbstract:Abstract The incidence of many Male Reproductive disorders, including cryptorchidism and testicular cancer has increased. Semen quality in several countries has declined. Exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) — both prenatal and postnatal — has been proposed to have a role in these trends based on experimental data and animal studies. There is epidemiological evidence for an association between prenatal exposure to EDCs and cryptorchidism, hypospadias, and decreased anogenital distance, as well as an association between an exposure to EDCs in adulthood and semen quality. However, some of these findings are inconsistent across studies. There is less evidence about the role of prenatal exposure to EDCs for semen quality, and only few studies have investigated the role of prenatal EDC exposure in testicular cancer occurrence. This is due to a lack of long-term follow-up studies linking prenatal exposures with Male Reproductive disorders in adulthood. More research is needed investigating the role of EDC exposure for Male Reproductive Health, particularly long-term follow-up studies to assess the outcomes in adulthood.
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cryptorchidism and hypospadias as a sign of testicular dysgenesis syndrome tds environmental connection
Birth Defects Research Part A-clinical and Molecular Teratology, 2010Co-Authors: Jorma Toppari, Helena E. Virtanen, Katharina M Main, Niels E SkakkebaekAbstract:Cryptorchidism and hypospadias are common genital birth defects that affect 2–9% and 0.2–1% of Male newborns, respectively. The incidence of both defects shows large geographic variation, and in several countries increasing trends have been reported. The conditions share many risk factors, and they are also interlinked to the risk of testis cancer and poor semen quality. Testicular Dysgenesis Syndrome (TDS) may underlie many cases of all these Male Reproductive Health problems. Genetic defects in androgen production or action can cause both cryptorchidism and hypospadias, but these are not common. A monogenic reason for cryptorchidism or hypospadias has been identified only in a small proportion of all cases. Environmental effects appear to play a major role in TDS. Exposure to several persistent chemicals has been found to be associated with the risk of cryptorchidism, and exposure to anti-androgenic phthalates has been shown to be associated with hormonal changes predisposing to Male Reproductive problems. Despite progress in identification of endocrine-disrupting substances, we are still far from knowing all the risk factors for these birth defects, and advice for prevention must be based on precautionary principles. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2010. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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adverse trends in Male Reproductive Health we may have reached a crucial tipping point
International Journal of Andrology, 2008Co-Authors: Annamaria Andersson, Tina Kold Jensen, Jorma Toppari, Katharina M Main, Rajpertde E Meyts, Niels Jorgensen, H Leffers, Anders Juul, Niels E SkakkebaekAbstract:Healthy men produce an enormous number of sperms, far more than necessary for conception. However, several studies suggest that semen samples where the concentration of sperms is below 40 mill/mL may be associated with longer time to pregnancy or even subfertility, and specimens where the concentration of sperms is below 15 mill/mL may carry a high risk of infertility. Historic data from the 1940s show that the bulk of young men at that time had sperm counts far above 40 mill/mL with averages higher than 100 mill/mL. However, recent surveillance studies of young men from the general populations of young men in Northern Europe show that semen quality is much poorer. In Denmark approximately 40 percent of the men have now sperm counts below 40 mill/mL. A simulation assuming that average sperm count had declined from 100 mill/mL in 'old times' to a current level close to 40 mill/mL indicated that the first decline in average sperm number of 20-40 mill/mL might not have had much effect on pregnancy rates, as the majority of men would still have had counts far above the threshold value. However, due to the assumed decline in semen quality, the sperm counts of the majority of 20 year old European men are now so low that we may be close to the crucial tipping point of 40 mill/mL spermatozoa. Consequently, we must face the possibility of more infertile couples and lower fertility rates in the future.
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larger testes and higher inhibin b levels in finnish than in danish newborn boys
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2006Co-Authors: Katharina M Main, Helena E. Virtanen, Jorma Toppari, Ida N Damgaard, Annemaarit Suomi, Marko Kaleva, Marla Chellakooty, Ida Maria Schmidt, Kirsten A Boisen, Niels E SkakkebaekAbstract:Context: Recent studies showed that Male Reproductive Health problems, such as cryptorchidism, hypospadias, testicular cancer, and low sperm quality, are more prevalent in Denmark than in Finland. Objectives: We hypothesized that, if fetal testicular dysgenesis contributed to these observations, differences in gonadal development and the hypothalamus-pituitary-testis axis would already be detectable perinatally. Thus, we investigated Healthy newborn boys in both countries. Design: This was a prospective, longitudinal population-based study. Setting: Two primary obstetric centers were included at the University Hospitals of Copenhagen, Denmark, and Turku, Finland. Participants: The participants of the study included 633 Danish and 1044 Finnish boys, born at term with appropriate weight for gestational age. Interventions: Ultrasound determination of testis size at 0, 3, and 18 months and blood sampling (n = 727) at 3 months were analyzed. Main Outcome Measures: Testicular volume and Reproductive hormones we...
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persistent pesticides in human breast milk and cryptorchidism
Environmental Health Perspectives, 2006Co-Authors: Ida N Damgaard, Helena E. Virtanen, Niels E Skakkebaek, Tina Kold Jensen, Jorgen Holm Petersen, Jorma Toppari, Heqing Shen, Karlwerner Schramm, Katharina M MainAbstract:IntroductionPrenatal exposure to some pesticides can adversely affect Male Reproductive Health in animals. We investigated a possible human association between maternal exposure to 27 organochlorin...
Lillian R Meacham - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Male Reproductive Health after childhood adolescent and young adult cancers a report from the children s oncology group
Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2012Co-Authors: Lisa B Kenney, Laurie E Cohen, Margarett Shnorhavorian, Monika L Metzger, Barbara A Lockart, Nobuko Hijiya, Eileen Duffeylind, Louis S Constine, Daniel M Green, Lillian R MeachamAbstract:The majority of children, adolescents, and young adults diagnosed with cancer will become long-term survivors. Although cancer therapy is associated with many adverse effects, one of the primary concerns of young Male cancer survivors is Reproductive Health. Future fertility is often the focus of concern; however, it must be recognized that all aspects of Male Health, including pubertal development, testosterone production, and sexual function, can be impaired by cancer therapy. Although pretreatment strategies to preserve Reproductive Health have been beneficial to some Male patients, many survivors remain at risk for long-term Reproductive complications. Understanding risk factors and monitoring the Reproductive Health of young Male survivors are important aspects of follow-up care. The Children's Oncology Group Long-Term Follow-Up Guidelines for Survivors of Childhood, Adolescent, and Young Adult Cancer (COG-LTFU Guidelines) were created by the COG to provide recommendations for follow-up care of survi...
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Male Reproductive Health after childhood adolescent and young adult cancers a report from the children s oncology group
Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2012Co-Authors: Lisa B Kenney, Laurie E Cohen, Margarett Shnorhavorian, Monika L Metzger, Barbara A Lockart, Nobuko Hijiya, Eileen Duffeylind, Louis S Constine, Daniel R Green, Lillian R MeachamAbstract:The majority of children, adolescents, and young adults diagnosed with cancer will become long-term survivors. Although cancer therapy is associated with many adverse effects, one of the primary concerns of young Male cancer survivors is Reproductive Health. Future fertility is often the focus of concern; however, it must be recognized that all aspects of Male Health, including pubertal development, testosterone production, and sexual function, can be impaired by cancer therapy. Although pretreatment strategies to preserve Reproductive Health have been beneficial to some Male patients, many survivors remain at risk for long-term Reproductive complications. Understanding risk factors and monitoring the Reproductive Health of young Male survivors are important aspects of follow-up care. The Children's Oncology Group Long-Term Follow-Up Guidelines for Survivors of Childhood, Adolescent, and Young Adult Cancer (COG-LTFU Guidelines) were created by the COG to provide recommendations for follow-up care of survivors at risk for long-term complications. The Male Health task force of the COG-LTFU Guidelines, composed of pediatric oncologists, endocrinologists, nurse practitioners, a urologist, and a radiation oncologist, is responsible for updating the COG-LTFU Guidelines every 2 years based on literature review and expert consensus. This review summarizes current task force recommendations for the assessment and management of Male Reproductive complications after treatment for childhood, adolescent, and young adult cancers. Issues related to Male Health that are being investigated, but currently not included in the COG-LTFU Guidelines, are also discussed. Ongoing investigation will inform future COG-LTFU Guideline recommendations for follow-up care to improve Health and quality of life for Male survivors.