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International Food Policy Research Institute - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A&T India Maternal Nutrition Baseline Survey 2017: Anganwadi workers
Washington DC, 2021Co-Authors: International Food Policy Research InstituteAbstract:This dataset is the result of the frontline health workers/anganwadi workers (AWW) survey that was conducted to gather data for the Maternal Nutrition Baseline as a part of an impact evaluation study of the Alive & Thrive (A&T) interventions delivered through the Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, Child Health (RMNCH) services in India. These include provision of iron and folic acid (IFA) and calcium supplements, interpersonal counseling on diet during pregnancy and consumption of IFA and calcium, community mobilization, and adequate weight-gain monitoring during pregnancy. A&T is a global initiative that supports the scaling up of Nutrition interventions to save lives, prevent illnesses, and contribute to healthy growth and development through improved Maternal Nutrition, breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices. Using a cluster randomized evaluation design, the primary objectives of the A&T evaluation study in India are to answer the following questions : 1) Can the coverage and utilization of key Maternal Nutrition interventions be improved by integrating Nutrition-focused social behavior change (SBC) communication and systems strengthening approaches into antenatal care (ANC) services under the RMNCH program? 2) What factors affect effective integration of Maternal Nutrition interventions into a well-established government ANC service delivery platform under the RMNCH program? 3) What are the impacts of the program on i) consumption of diversified foods and adequate intake of micronutrient, protein, and energy compared to recommended intake; ii) intake of IFA and calcium supplements during pregnancy; iii) weight gain monitoring; and iv) early initiation of breastfeeding. The baseline survey was conducted in 26 blocks in Uttar Pradesh. Thirteen blocks from two districts (Kanpur Dehat and Unnao) were randomly allocated to receive intensified Maternal Nutrition interventions. Another 13 blocks from the same two districts were randomly allocated to the comparison groups. The survey took place between October and December 2017 by the team from International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), in collaboration with the survey firm, NEERMAN (Network for Engineering and Economics Research and Management). The baseline survey comprised 7 questionnaires: 1) Household questionnaire for recently delivered women (RDW) with children
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A&T Bangladesh Maternal Nutrition Baseline Survey 2015: Shasthya Shebika (SS)
Washington DC, 2021Co-Authors: International Food Policy Research InstituteAbstract:This dataset is the result of the frontline health worker (FHW) survey conducted to gather data for the Maternal Nutrition Baseline as a part of an impact evaluation study of Alive & Thrive (A&T) interventions delivered through Building Resources Across Communities' (BRAC) Essential Health Care (EHC) Program in Bangladesh. A&T is a global initiative that supports the scaling up of Nutrition interventions to save lives, prevent illnesses, and contribute to healthy growth and development through improved Maternal Nutrition, breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices. In setting its country program goal for Bangladesh in this phase of its study, A&T decided to focus on demonstrating the feasibility of integrating a package of Maternal Nutrition interventions in a large-scale Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health (MNCH) program. Maternal Nutrition should receive equal priority as child Nutrition and the A&T program of BRAC already have developed an effective strategy through improving IYCF practices. The objective of this impact evaluation is to assess the impact of integrating Nutrition-focused behavior change communication (BCC- interpersonal counselling and mass communication) and community mobilization into BRAC's rural MNCH program on: 1) coverage and utilization of key Maternal Nutrition interventions; 2) consumption of diversified and adequate amount of foods and micronutrients by pregnant and postpartum women; and 3) early breastfeeding practices. In addition, factors affecting integration of Nutrition interventions into a well-established community-based MNCH program platform through frontline health workers and social mobilization were examined. The study used a cluster-randomized design with repeated cross-sectional surveys at baseline and endline. Ten subdistricts from four districts (Mymensingh, Rangpur, Kurigram, and Lalmonirhat) in which BRAC's existing rural MNCH project is in place have been selected randomly to provide intensified Maternal Nutrition interventions. Another 10 subdisctricts/upazilas from the same four districts have been selected as comparison for the evaluation. The baseline survey was conducted in 20 upazilas in Bangladesh between July and August 2015, and had three components: 1) Household survey for recently delivered women (RDW) and their husbands, 2) Household survey for pregnant women (PW) (with detailed dietary recall), and 3) a Frontline health workers survey (Shasthya Shebika (SS) and Shasthya Kormi (SK)). The frontline health worker (FHW) survey gathered data on service provision by BRAC frontline health workers and other healthcare providers. Data were also gathered on health workers’ time commitment, knowledge and attitude and training related to Maternal Nutrition, and their job motivation, satisfaction, and supervision. In addition, questions on household assets and mass media habits were included. Two questionnaires were developed for frontline health workers survey—(i) Shasthya Shebika (SS) questionnaire, and (ii) Shasthya Kormi (SK) questionnaire.Alive and Thrive; Open Access; IFPRI1; CRP4PHND; A4NHCGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH
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A&T India Maternal Nutrition Baseline Survey 2017: Households - Pregnant Women
'Wiley', 2021Co-Authors: International Food Policy Research InstituteAbstract:This dataset is the result of the household/pregnant women (PW) survey that was conducted to gather data for the Maternal Nutrition Baseline as a part of an impact evaluation study of the Alive & Thrive (A&T) interventions delivered through the Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, Child Health (RMNCH) services in India. These include provision of iron and folic acid (IFA) and calcium supplements, interpersonal counseling on diet during pregnancy and consumption of IFA and calcium, community mobilization, and adequate weight-gain monitoring during pregnancy. A&T is a global initiative that supports the scaling up of Nutrition interventions to save lives, prevent illnesses, and contribute to healthy growth and development through improved Maternal Nutrition, breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices. Using a cluster randomized evaluation design, the primary objectives of the A&T evaluation study in India are to answer the following questions : 1) Can the coverage and utilization of key Maternal Nutrition interventions be improved by integrating Nutrition-focused social behavior change (SBC) communication and systems strengthening approaches into antenatal care (ANC) services under the RMNCH program? 2) What factors affect effective integration of Maternal Nutrition interventions into a well-established government ANC service delivery platform under the RMNCH program? 3) What are the impacts of the program on i) consumption of diversified foods and adequate intake of micronutrient, protein, and energy compared to recommended intake; ii) intake of IFA and calcium supplements during pregnancy; iii) weight gain monitoring; and iv) early initiation of breastfeeding. The baseline survey was conducted in 26 blocks in Uttar Pradesh. Thirteen blocks from two districts (Kanpur Dehat and Unnao) were randomly allocated to receive intensified Maternal Nutrition interventions. Another 13 blocks from the same two districts were randomly allocated to the comparison groups. The survey took place between October and December 2017 by the team from International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), in collaboration with the survey firm, NEERMAN (Network for Engineering and Economics Research and Management). The baseline survey comprised 7 questionnaires: 1) Household questionnaire for recently delivered women (RDW) with children
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A&T Bangladesh Maternal Nutrition Endline Survey 2016: Shasthya Shebika (SS)
'Wiley', 2021Co-Authors: International Food Policy Research InstituteAbstract:This dataset is the result of the frontline health worker (FHW) survey conducted to gather data for the Maternal Nutrition Endline as a part of an impact evaluation study of Alive & Thrive (A&T) interventions delivered through Building Resources Across Communities' (BRAC) Essential Health Care (EHC) Program in Bangladesh. A&T is a global initiative that supports the scaling up of Nutrition interventions to save lives, prevent illnesses, and contribute to healthy growth and development through improved Maternal Nutrition, breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices. In setting its country program goal for Bangladesh in this phase of its study, A&T decided to focus on demonstrating the feasibility of integrating a package of Maternal Nutrition interventions in a large-scale Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health (MNCH) program. Maternal Nutrition should receive equal priority as child Nutrition and the A&T program of BRAC already have developed an effective strategy through improving IYCF practices. The objective of this impact evaluation is to assess the impact of integrating Nutrition-focused behavior change communication (BCC- interpersonal counselling and mass communication) and community mobilization into BRAC's rural MNCH program on: 1) coverage and utilization of key Maternal Nutrition interventions; 2) consumption of diversified and adequate amount of foods and micronutrients by pregnant and postpartum women; and 3) early breastfeeding practices. In addition, factors affecting integration of Nutrition interventions into a well-established community-based MNCH program platform through frontline health workers and social mobilization were examined. The study used a cluster-randomized design with repeated cross-sectional surveys at baseline and endline. As with the baseline, the endline survey used the same ten subdistricts from four districts (Mymensingh, Rangpur, Kurigram, and Lalmonirhat) in which BRAC's existing rural MNCH project is in place have been selected randomly to provide intensified Maternal Nutrition interventions. Another 10 subdisctricts/upazilas from the same four districts have been selected as comparison for the evaluation. It was conducted between July–August 2016 by the team from International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), in collaboration with the survey firm, Data Analysis and Technical Assistance, Ltd. (DATA). The endline survey had three components: 1) Household survey for recently delivered women (RDW) and their husbands, 2) Household survey for pregnant women (PW) (with detailed dietary recall), and 3) a Frontline health workers survey (Shasthya Shebika (SS) and Shasthya Kormi (SK)). The frontline health worker (FHW) survey gathered data on service provision by BRAC frontline health workers and other healthcare providers. Data were also gathered on health workers’ time commitment, knowledge and attitude and training related to Maternal Nutrition, and their job motivation, satisfaction, and supervision. In addition, questions on household assets and mass media habits were included. Two questionnaires were developed for frontline health workers survey—(i) Shasthya Shebika (SS) questionnaire, and (ii) Shasthya Kormi (SK) questionnaire. The data included here are from the survey of Shasthya Shebika (SS).Alive and Thrive; Open Access; IFPRI1; CRP4PHND; A4NHCGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH
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A&T Bangladesh Maternal Nutrition Endline Survey 2016: Shasthya Kormi (SK)
'Wiley', 2021Co-Authors: International Food Policy Research InstituteAbstract:This dataset is the result of the frontline health worker (FHW) survey conducted to gather data for the Maternal Nutrition Endline as a part of an impact evaluation study of Alive & Thrive (A&T) interventions delivered through Building Resources Across Communities' (BRAC) Essential Health Care (EHC) Program in Bangladesh. A&T is a global initiative that supports the scaling up of Nutrition interventions to save lives, prevent illnesses, and contribute to healthy growth and development through improved Maternal Nutrition, breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices. In setting its country program goal for Bangladesh in this phase of its study, A&T decided to focus on demonstrating the feasibility of integrating a package of Maternal Nutrition interventions in a large-scale Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health (MNCH) program. Maternal Nutrition should receive equal priority as child Nutrition and the A&T program of BRAC already have developed an effective strategy through improving IYCF practices. The objective of this impact evaluation is to assess the impact of integrating Nutrition-focused behavior change communication (BCC- interpersonal counselling and mass communication) and community mobilization into BRAC's rural MNCH program on: 1) coverage and utilization of key Maternal Nutrition interventions; 2) consumption of diversified and adequate amount of foods and micronutrients by pregnant and postpartum women; and 3) early breastfeeding practices. In addition, factors affecting integration of Nutrition interventions into a well-established community-based MNCH program platform through frontline health workers and social mobilization were examined. The study used a cluster-randomized design with repeated cross-sectional surveys at baseline and endline. As with the baseline, the endline survey used the same ten subdistricts from four districts (Mymensingh, Rangpur, Kurigram, and Lalmonirhat) in which BRAC's existing rural MNCH project is in place have been selected randomly to provide intensified Maternal Nutrition interventions. Another 10 subdisctricts/upazilas from the same four districts have been selected as comparison for the evaluation. It was conducted between July–August 2016 by the team from International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), in collaboration with the survey firm, Data Analysis and Technical Assistance, Ltd. (DATA). The endline survey had three components: 1) Household survey for recently delivered women (RDW) and their husbands, 2) Household survey for pregnant women (PW) (with detailed dietary recall), and 3) a Frontline health workers survey (Shasthya Shebika (SS) and Shasthya Kormi (SK)). The frontline health worker (FHW) survey gathered data on service provision by BRAC frontline health workers and other healthcare providers. Data were also gathered on health workers’ time commitment, knowledge and attitude and training related to Maternal Nutrition, and their job motivation, satisfaction, and supervision. In addition, questions on household assets and mass media habits were included. Two questionnaires were developed for frontline health workers survey—(i) Shasthya Shebika (SS) questionnaire, and (ii) Shasthya Kormi (SK) questionnaire.Alive and Thrive; Open Access; IFPRI1; CRP4PHND; A4NHCGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH
M David D Rush - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Maternal Nutrition and perinatal survival
Nutrition Reviews, 2009Co-Authors: M David D RushAbstract:The simple relationship between Maternal macro-nutrient status and perinatal survival (increased ma-cronutrient intake → increased Maternal weight and/or weight gain → increased fetal growth → improved survival) that is usually posited is no longer defensible. First, Maternal weight and weight gain are remarkably resistant to either dietary advice or supplementation; further, increased birth weight attributable to Maternal Nutrition does not necessarily increase perinatal survival (because prepregnant weight is positively associated with both birth weight and higher perinatal mortality). Finally, whereas dietary supplements during pregnancy may have a modest effect on birth weight in nonfamine conditions (by contrast with a large effect in famine or near-famine conditions), their impact is not mediated by Maternal energy deposition. Rather, the component of Maternal weight gain associated with accelerated fetal growth is Maternal water (presumably plasma) volume.
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Maternal Nutrition and perinatal survival
Journal of Health Population and Nutrition, 2001Co-Authors: M David D RushAbstract:INTRODUCTIONThis review is written in a time when clarity about the role of Nutrition during pregnancy on the foetus and young child is only apparent. Wide-scale programmes of Nutritional intervention during pregnancy are being promoted and implemented as if their values were obvious and clear-cut. This review aims at identifying contradictions and gaps in knowledge that may be hindering their effectiveness. It follows an earlier summary of the effects of Nutrition on Maternal mortality (1).Our appreciation of the importance of mother's Nutrition to the well-being of the offspring follows from observations just before and during the World War II. On one hand, there were unexpected benefits from the social provision of food in Great Britain during a time of scarcity, and on the other, there was devastation caused by wartime or post-war starvation. There followed intense scientific scrutiny of the impact of the mother's Nutrition status on her and her child's well-being. The intervening six decades have been remarkable for their volume of scientific inquiry, but also for the persistent uncertainties in our knowledge. Despite these uncertainties, many large public-health Nutrition programmes for poor pregnant women have been implemented.There is little information on the direct effects of Maternal Nutrition on foetal and infant survival. This led to the use of surrogate outcomes, both for mother and infant. The most common surrogate infant outcome is birth-weight, and it is the focus of much of this review.Several lines of inquiry are now beginning to converge, while others, such as the effect of the intrauterine environment on adult chronic disease, are just opening. The former include research on normal Maternal and foetal physiology, especially anthropometric change; on the effects of famine and severe chronic and cyclical Nutritional deprivation; on diet during pregnancy; and on the care of gestational diabetes. It seems timely to attempt to integrate and summarize these works.Research on, and policy formulation relating to, Maternal Nutrition were once scientific and policy backwaters. This is no longer the case. At present, millions of dollars are being spent on programmes aimed at benefiting Maternal Nutrition among large populations of poor women, especially in developing countries. Most of these distribute food and micronutrient supplements. Bright initial promises are now being questioned (2-6), but defended with equal vigor (7-11). Not only the effectiveness, but also the safety of such programmes, is under scrutiny (1,4,12). This review aims at making a contribution to this debate.We will update and broaden the goals of a review published a decade ago (13). Subsequently, several reviews on the effects of Nutritional supplementation on birth-weight have been published. Two excellent ones, which both depend primarily on the results of randomized clinical trials, are by Kramer (14) and de Onis et al. (15).The sequence of this review will be to consider first the negative effects on Maternal weight gain, birthweight, and perinatal mortality of dietary deprivation during famine, then the effects of iatrogenic energy restriction, and finally, the effects of improving Maternal diet (stressing additional macronutrient intake), whether through advice or supplementation, or both. The impacts reviewed will be on Maternal anthropometric indices, on foetal growth and birth-weight, and on perinatal mortality. This review does not address the relationship between foetal growth and later chronic disease, a literature too large to encompass as a subsection. The review closes with a few examples of how this body of knowledge has been applied in several very large publichealth Nutrition programmes in developing countries. The review is not limited to controlled clinical trials, since there are many important, and some unique, studies that predate sophisticated trial techniques. It rather points out limitations in methodology and analysis that affect conclusions. …
I C Mcmillen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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increased Maternal Nutrition stimulates peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ adiponectin and leptin messenger ribonucleic acid expression in adipose tissue before birth
Endocrinology, 2007Co-Authors: Beverly S Muhlhausler, Jaime A Duffield, I C McmillenAbstract:During fetal life, adipose tissue is predominantly comprised of brown or thermogenic adipocytes and there is a transition to white, lipid-storing adipocytes after birth concomitant with the onset of suckling. In pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes, the fetus is hyperglycemic, has an increased fat mass, and is at increased risk of obesity in later life. In the present study, we have investigated the hypothesis that exposure to increased Maternal Nutrition during late gestation results in increased expression of genes that regulate adipogenesis and lipogenesis in perirenal fat in fetal sheep. Pregnant ewes were fed either at or approximately 55% above maintenance energy requirements during late pregnancy and quantitative RT-PCR was used to measure peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, lipoprotein lipase, glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, adiponectin, and leptin mRNA expression. We report that exposure to metabolic and hormonal signals of increased Nutrition before birth results in an i...
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increased Maternal Nutrition alters development of the appetite regulating network in the brain
The FASEB Journal, 2006Co-Authors: Beverly S Muhlhausler, Clare Lesley Adam, P A Findlay, Jaime A Duffield, I C McmillenAbstract:Individuals exposed to an increased nutrient supply before birth have a high risk of becoming obese children and adults. It has been proposed that exposure of the fetus to high Maternal nutrient intake results in permanent changes within the central appetite regulatory network. No studies, however, have investigated the impact of increased Maternal Nutrition on the appetite regulatory network in species in which this network develops before birth, as in the human. In the present study, pregnant ewes were fed a diet which provided 100% (control, n =8) or ∼160% (well-fed, n=8) of metabolizable energy requirements. Ewes were allowed to lamb spontaneously, and lambs were sacrificed at 30 days of postnatal age. All fat depots were dissected and weighed, and expression of the appetite-regulating neuropeptides and the leptin receptor (OBRb) were determined by in situ hybridization. Lambs of well-fed ewes had higher glucose (Glc) concentrations during early postnatal life (F=5.93, P<0.01) and a higher relative su...
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increased Maternal Nutrition alters development of the appetite regulating network in the brain
The FASEB Journal, 2006Co-Authors: Beverly S Muhlhausler, Clare Lesley Adam, P A Findlay, Jaime A Duffield, I C McmillenAbstract:Individuals exposed to an increased nutrient supply before birth have a high risk of becoming obese children and adults. It has been proposed that exposure of the fetus to high Maternal nutrient intake results in permanent changes within the central appetite regulatory network. No studies, however, have investigated the impact of increased Maternal Nutrition on the appetite regulatory network in species in which this network develops before birth, as in the human. In the present study, pregnant ewes were fed a diet which provided 100% (control, n = 8) or approximately 160% (well-fed, n = 8) of metabolizable energy requirements. Ewes were allowed to lamb spontaneously, and lambs were sacrificed at 30 days of postnatal age. All fat depots were dissected and weighed, and expression of the appetite-regulating neuropeptides and the leptin receptor (OBRb) were determined by in situ hybridization. Lambs of well-fed ewes had higher glucose (Glc) concentrations during early postnatal life (F = 5.93, P<0.01) and a higher relative subcutaneous (s.c.) fat mass at 30 days of age (34.9+/-4.7 g/kg vs. 22.8+/-3.3 g/kg; P<0.05). The hypothalamic expression of pro-opiomelanocortin was higher in lambs of well-fed ewes (0.48+/-0.09 vs. 0.28+/-0.04, P<0.05). In lambs of overnourished mothers, but not in controls, the expression of OBRb was inversely related to total relative fat mass (r2 = 0.50, P = 0.05, n = 8), and the direct relationship between the expression of the central appetite inhibitor CART and fat mass was lost. The expression of neuropeptide Y and AGRP was inversely related to total relative fat mass (NPY, r2 = 0.28, P<0.05; agouti-related peptide, r2 = 0.39, P<0.01). These findings suggest that exposure to increased Nutrition before birth alters the responses of the central appetite regulatory system to signals of increased adiposity after birth.
Beverly S Muhlhausler - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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increased Maternal Nutrition stimulates peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ adiponectin and leptin messenger ribonucleic acid expression in adipose tissue before birth
Endocrinology, 2007Co-Authors: Beverly S Muhlhausler, Jaime A Duffield, I C McmillenAbstract:During fetal life, adipose tissue is predominantly comprised of brown or thermogenic adipocytes and there is a transition to white, lipid-storing adipocytes after birth concomitant with the onset of suckling. In pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes, the fetus is hyperglycemic, has an increased fat mass, and is at increased risk of obesity in later life. In the present study, we have investigated the hypothesis that exposure to increased Maternal Nutrition during late gestation results in increased expression of genes that regulate adipogenesis and lipogenesis in perirenal fat in fetal sheep. Pregnant ewes were fed either at or approximately 55% above maintenance energy requirements during late pregnancy and quantitative RT-PCR was used to measure peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, lipoprotein lipase, glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, adiponectin, and leptin mRNA expression. We report that exposure to metabolic and hormonal signals of increased Nutrition before birth results in an i...
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increased Maternal Nutrition alters development of the appetite regulating network in the brain
The FASEB Journal, 2006Co-Authors: Beverly S Muhlhausler, Clare Lesley Adam, P A Findlay, Jaime A Duffield, I C McmillenAbstract:Individuals exposed to an increased nutrient supply before birth have a high risk of becoming obese children and adults. It has been proposed that exposure of the fetus to high Maternal nutrient intake results in permanent changes within the central appetite regulatory network. No studies, however, have investigated the impact of increased Maternal Nutrition on the appetite regulatory network in species in which this network develops before birth, as in the human. In the present study, pregnant ewes were fed a diet which provided 100% (control, n =8) or ∼160% (well-fed, n=8) of metabolizable energy requirements. Ewes were allowed to lamb spontaneously, and lambs were sacrificed at 30 days of postnatal age. All fat depots were dissected and weighed, and expression of the appetite-regulating neuropeptides and the leptin receptor (OBRb) were determined by in situ hybridization. Lambs of well-fed ewes had higher glucose (Glc) concentrations during early postnatal life (F=5.93, P<0.01) and a higher relative su...
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increased Maternal Nutrition alters development of the appetite regulating network in the brain
The FASEB Journal, 2006Co-Authors: Beverly S Muhlhausler, Clare Lesley Adam, P A Findlay, Jaime A Duffield, I C McmillenAbstract:Individuals exposed to an increased nutrient supply before birth have a high risk of becoming obese children and adults. It has been proposed that exposure of the fetus to high Maternal nutrient intake results in permanent changes within the central appetite regulatory network. No studies, however, have investigated the impact of increased Maternal Nutrition on the appetite regulatory network in species in which this network develops before birth, as in the human. In the present study, pregnant ewes were fed a diet which provided 100% (control, n = 8) or approximately 160% (well-fed, n = 8) of metabolizable energy requirements. Ewes were allowed to lamb spontaneously, and lambs were sacrificed at 30 days of postnatal age. All fat depots were dissected and weighed, and expression of the appetite-regulating neuropeptides and the leptin receptor (OBRb) were determined by in situ hybridization. Lambs of well-fed ewes had higher glucose (Glc) concentrations during early postnatal life (F = 5.93, P<0.01) and a higher relative subcutaneous (s.c.) fat mass at 30 days of age (34.9+/-4.7 g/kg vs. 22.8+/-3.3 g/kg; P<0.05). The hypothalamic expression of pro-opiomelanocortin was higher in lambs of well-fed ewes (0.48+/-0.09 vs. 0.28+/-0.04, P<0.05). In lambs of overnourished mothers, but not in controls, the expression of OBRb was inversely related to total relative fat mass (r2 = 0.50, P = 0.05, n = 8), and the direct relationship between the expression of the central appetite inhibitor CART and fat mass was lost. The expression of neuropeptide Y and AGRP was inversely related to total relative fat mass (NPY, r2 = 0.28, P<0.05; agouti-related peptide, r2 = 0.39, P<0.01). These findings suggest that exposure to increased Nutrition before birth alters the responses of the central appetite regulatory system to signals of increased adiposity after birth.
Drora Fraser - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Maternal Nutrition and birth outcomes
Epidemiologic Reviews, 2010Co-Authors: Kathleen Abusaad, Drora FraserAbstract:In this review, the authors summarize current knowledge on material Nutritional requirements during pregnancy, with a focus on the nutrients that have been most comonly investigated in association with birth outcomes. Data sourcing and extractiion included searches of the primary resources establishing Maternal nutrient requirements during pregnancy (e.g., Dietary Reference Intakes), and searches of Medline for "Maternal Nutrition"/ (specific nutrient of interest) and "birth/pregnancy outcomes," focusing mainly on the less extensively reviewed evidence from observational studies of Maternal dietary intake and birth outcomes. The authors used a conceptual framework which took both primary and secondary factors (e.g., baseline Maternal Nutritional variables) into account when interpreting study findings. The authors conclude that Maternal Nutrition is a modifiable risk factor of public health importance that can be integrated into efforts to prevent adverse birth outcomes, particularly among economically developing/low-income populations.
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Maternal Nutrition and birth outcomes
Epidemiologic Reviews, 2010Co-Authors: Kathleen Abusaad, Drora FraserAbstract:In this review, the authors summarize current knowledge on Maternal Nutritional requirements during pregnancy, with a focus on the nutrients that have been most commonly investigated in association with birth outcomes. Data sourcing and extraction included searches of the primary resources establishing Maternal nutrient requirements during pregnancy (e.g., Dietary Reference Intakes), and searches of Medline for "Maternal Nutrition"/[specific nutrient of interest] and "birth/pregnancy outcomes," focusing mainly on the less extensively reviewed evidence from observational studies of Maternal dietary intake and birth outcomes. The authors used a conceptual framework which took both primary and secondary factors (e.g., baseline Maternal Nutritional status, socioeconomic status of the study populations, timing and methods of assessing Maternal Nutritional variables) into account when interpreting study findings. The authors conclude that Maternal Nutrition is a modifiable risk factor of public health importance that can be integrated into efforts to prevent adverse birth outcomes, particularly among economically developing/low-income populations.