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Jerome G. Rozen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Mature Larvae and Nesting Biologies of Bees Currently Assigned to the Osmiini (Apoidea: Megachilidae)
    American Museum Novitates, 2016
    Co-Authors: Jerome G. Rozen, Christophe J Praz
    Abstract:

    ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to describe the mature larvae of all taxa of the tribe Osmiini (Megachilidae) whose postdefecating larvae have been collected and are available. The hope is that data uncovered will eventually lead to a better understanding of the interrelationships of included taxa and of their anatomies, behaviors, and ecologies (i.e., their natural histories). The species included are representatives of the following taxa: Ashmeadiella, Atoposmia, Chelostoma, Heriades, Hoplitis, and Osmia (Hoplosmia). We also include recently described larval representatives of Haetosmia and Ochreriades. Because of its large size and diversity, the genus Osmia alone (with the exception of the subgenus Hoplosmia) is allocated to a separate future investigation. Larvae of the tribe share many features with one another and also with other members of the Megachilidae. Anatomical structures of larval Osmiini whereby they can be differentiated from other megachilids were not identified. However, most (th...

  • nesting biology flower preferences and larval morphology of the little known old world bee ochreriades fasciatus apoidea Megachilidae megachilinae
    American Museum Novitates, 2015
    Co-Authors: Jerome G. Rozen, Gideon Pisanty, Vincent Trunz, Dimitri Benon, Achik Dorchin, Christophe J Praz
    Abstract:

    ABSTRACT Herein we present information on the nesting behavior of Ochreriades fasciatus (Friese) found occupying beetle galleries in dead trunks and branches of certain trees and shrubs in Israel. We also describe the pre- and postdefecating larvae thereby making known the mature larva for this uncommon Old World genus. Females of O. fasciatus build linear nests in existing burrows in dead wood; depending on the length of the burrow, 1–5 cells are placed in one nest. The cell partitions are made of hardened mud, while the nest plug consists of pebbles fixed together with mud. Ochreriades fasciatus is oligolectic on Lamiaceae and probably strongly associated with the two related genera Ballota and Moluccella. It is hoped that information concerning its nesting biology, host-plant relationships, as well as larval development and anatomy will eventually prove valuable in determining the phylogenetic position of this genus relative to other megachiline bees.

  • Larval Development and Nesting Biology of the Adventive Wood-Nesting Bee Lithurgus (L.) chrysurus Fonscolombe (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae: Lithurgini)
    American Museum Novitates, 2013
    Co-Authors: Jerome G. Rozen
    Abstract:

    ABSTRACT Announced herein is the discovery of a nesting site of Lithurgus (Lithurgus) chrysurus Fonscolombe (Megachilidae: Megachilinae: Lithurgini), an adventive solitary bee of Western Palearctic origin that had first been detected in North America in the mid-1970's and thought to have become extinct locally since then. The occurrence of the new nesting site in eastern Pennsylvania, close to the point of first discovery in New Jersey, suggests its persistent but low presence over the past 35 years. Several previous papers offered insight into nests of this species, which bores into dead wood to nest, and described its larva and pupa. The current investigation reveals new information concerning nest architecture, nest closure, its cocoon structure and functions, and anatomy of its mature larva. Its larva is compared with that of L. (Lithurgopsis) apicalis Cresson (a congener in another subgenus) and with that of Trachusa larreae (Cockerell) with consideration of how body vestiture and anatomy function to...

  • Gas Diffusion Rates through Cocoon Walls of Two Bee Species (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae)
    Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 2011
    Co-Authors: Jerome G. Rozen, James R. Rozen, H. Glenn Hall
    Abstract:

    ABSTRACT A concurrent study of the nesting biology of the solitary bee Osmia (Helicosmia) chalybea Smith (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae: Osmiini) and its cleptoparasite Stelis (Stelis) ater Mitchell (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae: Anthidiini) proposes that their larval cocoons allow gas exchange between ambient air and internal cocoon air and provide a water-vapor barrier, thus enabling the immature bees to avoid desiccation and simultaneously protecting them from invading parasites and predators. The anterior pole of the cocoon of each species has a nipple-like feature that, although structurally different in each case, seems to allow gas exchange while filtering out predators and parasites. The purpose of the current study was to test whether the anterior ends of the two cocoons allow gas exchange whereas the posterior ends are indeed essentially air- and water-vaportight. Results clearly support the assumption that cocoons of both species function as predicted and raise the interesting speculation that cocoons...

  • nests petal usage floral preferences and immatures of osmia ozbekosmia avosetta Megachilidae megachilinae osmiini including biological comparisons with other osmiine bees
    American Museum Novitates, 2010
    Co-Authors: Jerome G. Rozen, Christophe J Praz, Hikmet Özbek, John S Ascher, Claudio Sedivy, Alireza Monfared, Andreas Müller
    Abstract:

    Abstract Herein we describe the nests (including construction, closure, orientation, and depth of cells) of the bee Osmia (Ozbekosmia) avosetta Warncke found nesting near Antalya, Turkey, and Sepidan, Iran. Cells are unusual in that they are lined by two layers of colorful flower petals that sandwich a thin middle layer of mud. Analyses of pollen taken from scopal hairs of specimens from the Turkish site were identified as solely from Onobrychis viciifolia Scop. (Fabaceae) whereas those from the Iranian site were from a related plant, Hedysarum elymaiticum Boiss. and Hausskn. These facts coupled with analyses of scopal pollen from 11 other sites in Turkey, Jordan, and Syria strongly suggest that this bee is oligolectic with respect to the plant tribe Hedysareae. The egg and last larval instar of Osmia avosetta are described. The presence of an egg taken from a cell and provisionally identified as belonging to Sapyga pulcherrima Morawitz suggests that this cleptoparasite may have this bee as one of its hos...

Andreas Müller - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • palaearctic osmia bees of the subgenera hemiosmia tergosmia and erythrosmia Megachilidae osmiini biology taxonomy and key to species
    Zootaxa, 2020
    Co-Authors: Andreas Müller
    Abstract:

    Osmia (Hemiosmia), O. (Tergosmia) and O. (Erythrosmia) are three related Palaearctic osmiine bee subgenera (Megachilidae, Megachilinae, Osmiini) comprising eight, seven and four species, respectively. Analysis of female pollen loads and field observations revealed that the species of both O. (Hemiosmia) and O. (Tergosmia) have a distinct or even exclusive preference for Fabaceae as pollen hosts. Species of O. (Erythrosmia) also collect pollen on Fabaceae, but additionally frequently visit nototribic flowers of Lamiaceae and Antirrhineae (Plantaginaceae), which they exploit by rubbing a specialized facial pilosity over the raised anthers. The representatives of O. (Hemiosmia) and the basal members of O. (Tergosmia) build their brood cells in self-excavated burrows in the ground, whereas the more derived O. (Tergosmia) species as well as the O. (Erythrosmia) species place them in preexisting cavities above-ground, which are empty snail shells hidden under prominences of rocks or under stones in the latter subgenus. In O. (Hemiosmia) and O. (Tergosmia), the brood cells are entirely constructed from foreign material and either consist of chewed leaves ("leaf pulp") in the former subgenus or are distinctly three-layered with a thin layer of mud sandwiched between two layers of large pieces of petals in the latter subgenus. In O. (Erythrosmia), the brood cells within the shell whorls are delimited by one-layered partitions of leaf pulp and the nests are closed by a barricade of densely packed small particles followed by a double wall of leaf pulp at the shell opening. The taxonomic revision of the three subgenera revealed the existence of an undescribed species, O. (Hemiosmia) spinicoxa spec. nov., which occurs in southwestern Morocco. The subgenus O. (Ozbekosmia) Zanden, 1994 syn. nov. is newly put into synonymy with O. (Tergosmia) Warncke, 1988. Osmia (Tergosmia) rhodoensis arquata Warncke, 1988 syn. nov. and O. (Tergosmia) tergestensis ononidis Ferton, 1897 syn. nov. are no longer accepted as valid subspecies of O. (Tergosmia) rhodoensis (Zanden, 1983) and O. (Tergosmia) tergestensis Ducke, 1897, respectively. Identification keys for all species of the three subgenera are given.

  • Palaearctic Protosmia bees of the subgenus Chelostomopsis (Megachilidae, Osmiini): biology, taxonomy and key to species.
    Zootaxa, 2017
    Co-Authors: Andreas Müller
    Abstract:

    Chelostomopsis represents a subgenus of the osmiine bee genus Protosmia (Megachilidae) containing three Palaearctic and one Nearctic species. Analysis of female pollen loads and literature data indicate that all Chelostomopsis species are broad pollen generalists exploiting the flowers of numerous plant families, such as Fabaceae, Asteraceae, Lamiaceae, Cistaceae and Brassicaceae. Preexisting linear cavities in dead wood or pine cones serve as nesting sites and pure resin is used to construct cell partitions and nest plug. The taxonomic revision of the Palaearctic P. ( Chelostomopsis ) species revealed the existence of a still undescribed species from the Levant, Protosmia ( Chelostomopsis ) angustimandibulae spec. nov. Keys for the identification of the three Palaearctic P . ( Chelostomopsis ) species are given.

  • Palaearctic Hoplitis bees of the subgenus Platosmia (Megachilidae, Osmiini): biology, taxonomy and key to species.
    Zootaxa, 2015
    Co-Authors: Andreas Müller
    Abstract:

    Platosmia, a subgenus of the osmiine bee genus Hoplitis (Megachilidae), contains ten species, which are confined to desertic and semidesertic areas of the Palaearctic region. Analysis of female pollen loads and field observations indicate that several H. (Platosmia) species are strictly oligolectic on Reseda (Resedaceae) and possibly Hedysareae (Fabaceae), while others are mesolectic on both Reseda and Fabaceae. The few data available so far suggest that preexisting cavities in stones and rocks serve as nesting sites of H. (Platosmia). The taxonomic revision of H. (Platosmia) revealed the existence of an undescribed species from the Arabian peninsula, H. arabiae spec. nov.. Hoplitis incognita Zanden, 1996 and H. quarzazati (Zanden, 1998) are newly synonymized with H. maghrebensis (Zanden, 1992) and H. platalea (Warncke, 1990), respectively. Identification keys for all H. (Platosmia) species are given including the hitherto unknown male or female sex of three species.

  • New European bee species of the tribe Osmiini (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Megachilidae)
    Zootaxa, 2012
    Co-Authors: Andreas Müller
    Abstract:

    Bees of the tribe Osmiini (Megachilidae) are represented by about 230 described species in Europe. In this publication, 15 newEuropean osmiine bee species are described and diagnosed: Hoplitis (Alcidamea) occidentalis spec. nov., Hoplitis (Anthocopa) peniculifera spec. nov., Hoplitis (Hoplitis) hilbera spec. nov., Hoplitis (Hoplitis) lithodorae spec. nov. and Hoplitis manuelae spec. nov. from Spain; Chelostoma (Chelostoma) siciliae spec. nov. from Sicily; Chelostoma (Foveosmia) incognitum spec.nov., Chelostoma (Foveosmia) longifacies spec. nov., Chelostoma (Gyrodromella) aegaeicum spec. nov., Hoplitis (Annosmia) monticola spec. nov., Hoplitis (Anthocopa) nicolaei spec. nov., Hoplitis (Anthocopa) serainae spec. nov. and Protosmia (Nano- smia) montana spec. nov. from Greece; Chelostoma (Chelostoma) comosum spec. nov. from Cyprus; and Hoplitis (Anthocopa) caucasicola spec. nov. from the Caucasus.

  • nests petal usage floral preferences and immatures of osmia ozbekosmia avosetta Megachilidae megachilinae osmiini including biological comparisons with other osmiine bees
    American Museum Novitates, 2010
    Co-Authors: Jerome G. Rozen, Christophe J Praz, Hikmet Özbek, John S Ascher, Claudio Sedivy, Alireza Monfared, Andreas Müller
    Abstract:

    Abstract Herein we describe the nests (including construction, closure, orientation, and depth of cells) of the bee Osmia (Ozbekosmia) avosetta Warncke found nesting near Antalya, Turkey, and Sepidan, Iran. Cells are unusual in that they are lined by two layers of colorful flower petals that sandwich a thin middle layer of mud. Analyses of pollen taken from scopal hairs of specimens from the Turkish site were identified as solely from Onobrychis viciifolia Scop. (Fabaceae) whereas those from the Iranian site were from a related plant, Hedysarum elymaiticum Boiss. and Hausskn. These facts coupled with analyses of scopal pollen from 11 other sites in Turkey, Jordan, and Syria strongly suggest that this bee is oligolectic with respect to the plant tribe Hedysareae. The egg and last larval instar of Osmia avosetta are described. The presence of an egg taken from a cell and provisionally identified as belonging to Sapyga pulcherrima Morawitz suggests that this cleptoparasite may have this bee as one of its hos...

Yasemin Güler - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Terry L Griswold - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • First record of Stenoheriades Cockerell in tropical Asia: Stenoheriades bifida, new species (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae).
    Zootaxa, 2018
    Co-Authors: Terry L Griswold
    Abstract:

    The little known osmiine genus Stenoheriades Cockerell , previously thought to be restricted to the Afrotropics, the Mediterranean region, and the Arabian Peninsula, is here recorded from tropical Asia in the form of S. bifida , new species . This disjunct distribution adds to a growing list of endemic megachilids in southern India. The new species exhibits novel morphologies in the Megachilidae that also distinguish it from previously known species groups in Stenoheriades .

  • New species of the cleptoparasitic bee genus Stelis (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae, Anthidiini) from the Nearctic Region.
    Zootaxa, 2013
    Co-Authors: Frank D. Parker, Terry L Griswold
    Abstract:

    Descriptions and diagnoses of ten new Nearctic species of Stelis subgenus Stelis are presented: S. alta, S. anasazi, S. an-thocopae, S. broemelingi, S. imperialis, S. joanae, S. lamelliterga, S. occidentalis, S. paiute, and S. shoshone. Six of these species have been reared from trapnests. Host associations, all within the tribe Osmiini (Megachilidae), are provided.

  • phylogeny of the bee family Megachilidae hymenoptera apoidea based on adult morphology
    Systematic Entomology, 2012
    Co-Authors: Victor H Gonzalez, Terry L Griswold, Christophe J Praz, Bryan N Danforth
    Abstract:

    Phylogenetic relationships within the bee family Megachilidae are poorly understood. The monophyly of the subfamily Fideliinae is questionable, the relation- ships among the tribes and subtribes in the subfamily Megachilinae are unknown, and some extant genera cannot be placed with certainty at the tribal level. Using ac ladistic analysis of adult external morphological characters, we explore the rela- tionships of the eight tribes and two subtribes currently recognised in Megachilidae. Our dataset included 80% of the extant generic-level diversity, representatives of all fossil taxa, and was analysed using parsimony. We employed 200 characters and selected 7 outgroups and 72 ingroup species of 60 genera, plus 7 species of 4 extinct genera from Baltic amber. Our analysis shows that Fideliinae and the tribes Anthidiini and Osmiini of Megachilinae are paraphyletic; it supports the monophyly of Megachilinae, including the extinct taxa, and the sister group relationship of Lithurgini to the remaining megachilines. The Sub-Saharan genus Aspidosmia ,a rare group with a mixture of osmiine and anthidiine features, is herein removed from Anthidiini and placed in its own tribe, Aspidosmiini, new tribe .P rotolithurgini is the sister of Lithurgini, both placed herein in the subfamily Lithurginae; the other extinct taxa, Glyptapina and Ctenoplectrellina, are more basally related among Megachilinae than Osmiini, near Aspidosmia ,a nd are herein treated at the tribal level. Noteriades ,ag enus presently in the Osmiini, is herein transferred to the Megachilini. Thus, we recognise four subfamilies (Fideliinae, Pararhophitinae, Lithurginae and Megachilinae) and nine tribes in Megachilidae. We briefly discuss the evolutionary history and biogeography of the family, present alternative classifications, and provide ar evised key to the extant tribes of Megachilinae.

  • New species of the eastern hemisphere genera Afroheriades and Noteriades (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae), with keys to species of the former
    ZooKeys, 2011
    Co-Authors: Terry L Griswold, Victor H Gonzalez
    Abstract:

    New species of the rarely encountered megachilid genera Afroheriades Peters from South Africa, Afroheriades hyalinus sp. n., and Noteriades Cockerell from Myanmar and Thailand, Noteriades jenniferae sp. n. and Noteriades spinosus sp. n., are described and illustrated. The species are described to make their names available for forthcoming publications on phylogenetic studies of the family Megachilidae. Taxonomic notes and a comparative diagnosis for each genus are presented. Afroheriades hennigi (Peters) and Afroheriades reicherti (Brauns) are new junior synonyms of Afroheriades dolichocephalus (Friese). A key to the known species of Afroheriades is provided.

Jason A. Rothman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Lactobacillus micheneri sp. nov., Lactobacillus timberlakei sp. nov. and Lactobacillus quenuiae sp. nov., lactic acid bacteria isolated from wild bees and flowers.
    International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 2018
    Co-Authors: Quinn S. Mcfrederick, Hoang Q. Vuong, Jason A. Rothman
    Abstract:

    Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, non-spore forming bacteria have been isolated from flowers and the guts of adult wild bees in the families Megachilidae and Halictidae. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene indicated that these bacteria belong to the genus Lactobacillus , and are most closely related to the honey-bee associated bacteria Lactobacillus kunkeei (97.0 % sequence similarity) and Lactobacillus apinorum (97.0 % sequence similarity). Phylogenetic analyses of 16S rRNA genes and six single-copy protein coding genes, in situ and in silico DNA–DNA hybridization, and fatty-acid profiling differentiates the newly isolated bacteria as three novel Lactobacillus species: Lactobacillus micheneri sp. nov. with the type strain Hlig3T (=DSM 104126T,=NRRL B-65473T), Lactobacillus timberlakei with the type strain HV_12T (=DSM 104128T,=NRRL B-65472T), and Lactobacillus quenuiae sp. nov. with the type strain HV_6T (=DSM 104127T,=NRRL B-65474T).