The Experts below are selected from a list of 6339 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Angel Irabien - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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waste minimisation in a hard chromiun plating small medium enterprise sme
Waste Management, 2002Co-Authors: Javier R Viguri, A Andres, Angel IrabienAbstract:The high potential of waste stream minimisation in the Metal Finishing sector justifies specific studies of Small and Medium Enterprises (SME). In this work, the minimisation options of the wastes generated in a hard chromium plating activity have been analysed. The study has been performed in a small job shop company, which works in batch mode with big pieces. A process flowsheet after connecting the unit operations and determining the process inputs (raw and secondary materials) and outputs (waste streams) has been carried out. The main properties, quantity and current management of the waste streams have been shown. The obvious lack of information has been identified and finally the waste minimisation options that could be adopted by the company have been recorded.
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characterization of Metal Finishing sludges influence of the ph
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2000Co-Authors: Javier R Viguri, A Andres, Raquel Ibanez, Ruiz C Puente, Angel IrabienAbstract:Metal Finishing sludges are classified as Metal hydroxide hazardous wastes due to the heavy Metal release to the environment. This release, commonly determined by compliance lixiviation tests based on the equilibrium conditions at the end of the leaching experiment, is mainly dependent on the pH of the solution. In this work, the leaching behaviour of Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb and Zn, of the 32 Metal Finishing sludges coming from 16 European industrial facilities, and using the distilled water compliance test DIN 38414-S4, have been studied. The concentrations of chromium and copper in the leachates do not follow the solubility evolution of their hydroxide with the pH. The simple assumption of a heavy Metal concentration in the leachate directly related to the solubility of the hydroxide is not in good agreement with the experimental results of the distilled water leaching test, probably due to the presence of different species, which can contribute to the Metal mobility depending on the sludge composition. An experimental evaluation of the easily available amount of Metals in real wastes seems to be necessary for disposal assessment. This paper contains valuable information, from orderly handling Metal Finishing wastes to the statistical studies of production and management of wastes suggested recently by the Commission of the European Community.
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environmental characterization of Metal Finishing sludges
Environmental Technology, 1999Co-Authors: Javier R Viguri, A Andres, Raquel Ibanez, Inmaculada Ortiz, Angel IrabienAbstract:Metal Finishing industries generate effluents with high contents of heavy Metal, inorganic anions and minor amounts of organic compounds, which must be treated by specific physicochemical processes leading to complex sludges. The characterization of these wastes is necessary to assess their environmental impact and to establish management. In this work two different methods of characterization, based on the Spanish Regulations and European Economic Community suggestions, have been applied to 32 wastes from 16 Metal Finishing facilities. The ecotoxicity values, EC50, of the TCLP leachates show a high variability among different Metal Finishing activities and batches of the same activity, ranging from 1 000 mg l−1 to 1 000 000 mg l−1. Results of chemical characterization of leachates, according to the DIN 38414-S4 leaching procedure show a high concentration of SO4 2−, Cr and Ni. The paper establishes the characterization parameters of sludge wastes from the physicochemical treatment of Metal Finishing effl...
M L Ruiz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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reverse osmosis applied to Metal Finishing wastewater
Desalination, 2002Co-Authors: Y Benito, M L RuizAbstract:Abstract The electroplating industry is a great water consumer and, as a consequence, one of the biggest producers of liquid effluent. The Metal Finishing industry presents one of the most critical industrial waste problems. There is therefore growing interest in developing methods for reclaiming Metals from plating waste stream and recovery of water using membrane technology [1,2]. The application of reverse osmosis (RO) to the global effluent from the electroplating industry has been studied in this paper. The results obtained show that there is 75–95% recovery of water and nearly total removal of Metals in the permeate.
Claus Helixnielsen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a feasibility study of ultrafiltration reverse osmosis uf ro based wastewater treatment and reuse in the Metal Finishing industry
Journal of Cleaner Production, 2015Co-Authors: Irena Petrinic, Jasmina Korenak, Damijan Povodnik, Claus HelixnielsenAbstract:Abstract Conventional treatment of wastewater from the Metal Finishing industry is generally based on physical-chemical treatment. Although the effluents from this can be discharged directly there is an increasing interest in industrial wastewater reuse. This requires further wastewater treatment. Here we studied the technical and economic feasibilities of adding an ultrafiltration process as a pre-treatment for removing dissolved and colloidal contaminants >0.4 μm, and to eliminate membrane fouling before a final reverse osmosis process resulting in permeate that would meet reuse criteria. The results show that the ultrafiltration–reverse osmosis treatment removed between 91.3% and 99.8% of the contaminants from the effluent, such as Metal elements, organic, and inorganic compounds. Contaminants such as suspended solids, nickel, ammonium nitrogen, sulphate nitrogen, chemical oxygen demand, and biochemical oxygen demand were completely removed, the concentrations in the permeate being under the detection limits, thus the quality of the ultrafiltration–reverse osmosis process met the reuse criteria. This demonstrates the technological feasibility of wastewater reuse during electro-plating processes and the pre-treatment of powder coating processes. An economic feasibility analysis was performed based on a reuse capacity for 30,000 m 3 per year of treated water for two selected production lines at the Gorenje facility at Velenje, Slovenia. Specifically, the current water costs (including the operational costs of wastewater treatment, potable water use for industrial process and pre-treatment, and taxes) were compared with the investment required to implement the ultrafiltration–reverse osmosis processes. Based on the presented scientific results, the analysis shows that there is a potential for implementing this process within the Metal Finishing industry.
Donald L Duke - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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compliance with storm water pollution prevention regulations by the Metal Finishing industry
Journal of The American Water Resources Association, 1998Co-Authors: Donald L Duke, Lisette A BauersachsAbstract:: Federal and state storm water pollutant control regulations for industry require facilities to identify themselves and to implement appropriate controls specifically developed for each facility by its operators. Compliance is not directly observable from publicly reported information, and is believed to be low. Compliance requirements are divided into three stages: determination and notification of duty to comply; preparation of public reports and site-specific planning documents; and implementation of pollution prevention activities. Aggregate data show about 25 percent to 35 percent of Metal plating facilities in California, and about 35 percent to 40 percent of facilities in the Los Angeles region, have recognized the need for first-stage compliance; the number required but failing to do so is not known. For second-stage compliance, between 77 percent and 88 percent of facilities submitted required annual reports from 1993 to 1995, while on-site water quality monitoring reports were submitted by about 60 percent of required facilities. Site investigations of ten Los Angeles area facilities showed variation in compliance with site-specific documentation and implementation requirements. Most facilities inadequately evaluated activities for potential storm water pollutants, and most prepared incomplete plans for storm water sampling and inspection procedures. Evaluation of third-stage compliance by evaluating quantitative effects of facility actions, beyond the scope of this research, is recommended.
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hazardous waste minimization is it taking root in u s industry waste minimization in Metal Finishing facilities of the san francisco bay area california
Waste Management, 1994Co-Authors: Donald L DukeAbstract:Abstract Waste minimization plays a key part in U. S. planning for hazardous waste management. This paper examines the effectiveness of waste minimization policies and regulations by considering waste minimization measures implemented by industrial Metal Finishing facilities in the San Francisco Bay Area of California. The research identifies activities that manufacturers report they have implemented for the purpose of minimizing hazardous waste. In a sample of 26 facilities, a total of 52 waste minimization activities are identified and are described in this paper, divided into three general categories: process changes, maintenance of processes or facilities, and on-site treatment of pretreatment. The research concludes that hazardous waste minimization has not fully penetrated the industry, based on two pieces of evidence: Some technologically advanced measures have been implemented at some facilities, suggesting they have been demonstrated to be technologically effective and economically attractive in some facilities, but are not in place at all facilities; and some simple measures, of the kind that would be implemented early in a facility's waste minimization program, are only now being implemented at some facilities.
C R Cheeseman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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production of novel ceramic materials from coal fly ash and Metal Finishing wastes
Resources Conservation and Recycling, 2008Co-Authors: M R Little, V Adell, A R Boccaccini, C R CheesemanAbstract:Fly ash from coal fired power stations is a potential raw material for the production of ceramic tiles, bricks and blocks. Previous work has demonstrated that the addition of Metals can significantly alter fly ash sintering. Metal Finishing produces problematic waste filter cakes and sludges that are increasingly difficult to dispose of to landfill. The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of selected Metal Finishing wastes on the properties of sintered fly ash. A 10 wt.% addition of dried Metal Finishing sludge obtained from the phosphate bath at a tri-cationic phosphating operation significantly reduced the sintering temperature for maximum density by approximately 75 °C. The addition of the phosphate bath sludge also reduced leaching of As, to the extent that fly ash ceramics containing this waste would be classified as inert. Potential industrial applications for these novel waste-derived ceramic materials are discussed.