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Deli Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Dissimilatory nitrate ammonification and N_2 fixation helps maintain nitrogen nutrition in resource-limited rice paddies
Biology and Fertility of Soils, 2020Co-Authors: Arjun Pandey, Helen Suter, Ji-zheng He, Hang-wei Hu, Deli ChenAbstract:Un-fertilized rice paddies have shown maintained soil nitrogen (N) status, stable N supply to the rice plant and sustained rice yields at moderate levels for hundreds of years. Microbial N_2 fixation is known to contribute N to un-fertilized paddies, but it cannot fully explain the maintained N nutrition, where favourable conditions exist for N loss by denitrification. We used ^15N tracer, ^15N_2 uptake, acetylene reduction assay and qPCR to simultaneously investigate N_2 fixation, dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA), denitrification and related Microbial Gene abundances in long-term low (or no) and high N input rice paddies of Myanmar. We also determined how varying soil organic carbon-to-nitrate (SOC/NO_3^−) ratios affect nitrate partitioning between DNRA and denitrification by manipulating these ratios through labile organic carbon addition. We observed more than 2.5 times higher N_2 fixation (1.49–2.08 μg N g^−1 soil day^−1) and significantly higher N_2 fixing Gene ( nifH ) abundance in low compared with high N input paddies. Up to 60% of the soil nitrate (1.51–2.67 μg NO_3^−-N g^−1 soil day^−1) was ammonified through DNRA, and only 15% was lost as N_2 through denitrification in low N input paddies, whereas denitrification exceeded DNRA in high N input paddies. The Microbial Gene related to DNRA activity ( nrfA ) was also higher in low input than in high input rice paddies. We found that nitrate retention can be improved in high N input rice paddies by maintaining a higher soil organic carbon-to-nitrate ratio. Our findings highlight the unique Microbial N-cycling strategies in resource-limited paddies which support maintained N nutrition of the paddy system.
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dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium dominates nitrate reduction in long term low nitrogen fertilized rice paddies
Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 2019Co-Authors: Arjun Pandey, Helen Suter, Deli ChenAbstract:Abstract Dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) and diazotrophic N2 fixation contribute to nitrogen (N) supply in rice paddies, whereas denitrification contributes to N loss. Continuous N fertilization in rice paddies is known to increase denitrification and reduce N2 fixation, however little is known about its effect on DNRA and the NO3− partitioning between DNRA and denitrification. Here, we investigated the rates of DNRA, denitrification and N2 fixation, and their relevant Microbial Gene abundances, in long-term high and low N fertilized rice paddies using a 15NO3− tracer, an acetylene reduction assay and quantitative PCR analysis, in laboratory incubation studies. We observed that DNRA exceeded denitrification by a factor of eight in low N fertilized rice paddies, while DNRA was almost half of the denitrification rate in high N fertilized rice paddies. The nrfA Gene abundance, related to DNRA, was significantly higher in the low N fertilized rice paddies and was positively correlated with DNRA rates. However, no clear difference in denitrifying Gene (narG, nirK and nosZ) abundances was observed between the N fertilization regimes. The proportion of total NO3− reduced by DNRA had a significantly positive correlation with the soil organic carbon-to-NO3- ratio and negative correlation with the soil NO3− concentration. N2 fixation added ten times more N in the low N input than in the high N input paddies. Our findings highlight the self-regulated Microbial N cycling in low N input paddy systems which maintain long-term paddy soil N nutrition.
Arjun Pandey - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Dissimilatory nitrate ammonification and N_2 fixation helps maintain nitrogen nutrition in resource-limited rice paddies
Biology and Fertility of Soils, 2020Co-Authors: Arjun Pandey, Helen Suter, Ji-zheng He, Hang-wei Hu, Deli ChenAbstract:Un-fertilized rice paddies have shown maintained soil nitrogen (N) status, stable N supply to the rice plant and sustained rice yields at moderate levels for hundreds of years. Microbial N_2 fixation is known to contribute N to un-fertilized paddies, but it cannot fully explain the maintained N nutrition, where favourable conditions exist for N loss by denitrification. We used ^15N tracer, ^15N_2 uptake, acetylene reduction assay and qPCR to simultaneously investigate N_2 fixation, dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA), denitrification and related Microbial Gene abundances in long-term low (or no) and high N input rice paddies of Myanmar. We also determined how varying soil organic carbon-to-nitrate (SOC/NO_3^−) ratios affect nitrate partitioning between DNRA and denitrification by manipulating these ratios through labile organic carbon addition. We observed more than 2.5 times higher N_2 fixation (1.49–2.08 μg N g^−1 soil day^−1) and significantly higher N_2 fixing Gene ( nifH ) abundance in low compared with high N input paddies. Up to 60% of the soil nitrate (1.51–2.67 μg NO_3^−-N g^−1 soil day^−1) was ammonified through DNRA, and only 15% was lost as N_2 through denitrification in low N input paddies, whereas denitrification exceeded DNRA in high N input paddies. The Microbial Gene related to DNRA activity ( nrfA ) was also higher in low input than in high input rice paddies. We found that nitrate retention can be improved in high N input rice paddies by maintaining a higher soil organic carbon-to-nitrate ratio. Our findings highlight the unique Microbial N-cycling strategies in resource-limited paddies which support maintained N nutrition of the paddy system.
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dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium dominates nitrate reduction in long term low nitrogen fertilized rice paddies
Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 2019Co-Authors: Arjun Pandey, Helen Suter, Deli ChenAbstract:Abstract Dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) and diazotrophic N2 fixation contribute to nitrogen (N) supply in rice paddies, whereas denitrification contributes to N loss. Continuous N fertilization in rice paddies is known to increase denitrification and reduce N2 fixation, however little is known about its effect on DNRA and the NO3− partitioning between DNRA and denitrification. Here, we investigated the rates of DNRA, denitrification and N2 fixation, and their relevant Microbial Gene abundances, in long-term high and low N fertilized rice paddies using a 15NO3− tracer, an acetylene reduction assay and quantitative PCR analysis, in laboratory incubation studies. We observed that DNRA exceeded denitrification by a factor of eight in low N fertilized rice paddies, while DNRA was almost half of the denitrification rate in high N fertilized rice paddies. The nrfA Gene abundance, related to DNRA, was significantly higher in the low N fertilized rice paddies and was positively correlated with DNRA rates. However, no clear difference in denitrifying Gene (narG, nirK and nosZ) abundances was observed between the N fertilization regimes. The proportion of total NO3− reduced by DNRA had a significantly positive correlation with the soil organic carbon-to-NO3- ratio and negative correlation with the soil NO3− concentration. N2 fixation added ten times more N in the low N input than in the high N input paddies. Our findings highlight the self-regulated Microbial N cycling in low N input paddy systems which maintain long-term paddy soil N nutrition.
Karine Clément - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in Human Obesity: Impact of Bariatric Surgery
Current Obesity Reports, 2019Co-Authors: Jean Debédat, Karine Clément, Judith Aron-wisnewskyAbstract:Purpose of Review In this review, we summarize what is currently described in terms of gut microbiota (GM) dysbiosis modification post-bariatric surgery (BS) and their link with BS-induced clinical improvement. We also discuss how the major inter-individual variability in terms of GM changes could impact the clinical improvements seen in patients. Recent Findings The persisting increase in severe obesity prevalence has led to the subsequent burst in BS number. Indeed, it is to date the best treatment option to induce major and sustainable weight loss and metabolic improvement in these patients. During obesity, the gut microbiota displays distinctive features such as low Microbial Gene richness and compositional and functional alterations (termed dysbiosis) which have been associated with low-grade inflammation, increased body weight and fat mass, as well as type-2 diabetes. Interestingly, GM changes post-BS is currently being proposed as one the many mechanism explaining BS beneficial clinical outcomes. Summary BS enables partial rescue of GM dysbiosis observed during obesity. Some of the GM characteristics modified post-BS (composition in terms of bacteria and functions) are linked to BS beneficial outcomes such as weight loss or metabolic improvements. Nevertheless, the changes in GM post-BS display major variability from one patient to the other. As such, further large sample size studies associated with GM transfer studies in animals are still needed to completely decipher the role of GM in the clinical improvements observed post-surgery.
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Fecal Microbiota Transplantation: a Future Therapeutic Option for Obesity/Diabetes?
Current Diabetes Reports, 2019Co-Authors: Judith Aron-wisnewsky, Karine Clément, Max NieuwdorpAbstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The aim of this review is to summarize the current data available on the metabolic effects of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) including obesity and glucose metabolism in humans. RECENT FINDINGS: Gut microbiota dysbiosis is a frequent characteristic observed in obesity and related metabolic diseases. Pieces of evidence mostly Generated in mouse models suggest that rescuing this dysbiosis associates with improved metabolism. In humans, dietary or bariatric surgery interventions are often accompanied by complete or partial restoration of this dysbiosis together with weight reduction and metabolic amelioration. FMT is an interesting option to modify gut microbiota and has been associated with improved clinical outcomes, albeit only used in routine care for Clostridium difficile infection. However, there are only limited data on using FMT in the metabolic context. SUMMARY: FMT from lean donors significantly improves insulin sensitivity in obese subjects with metabolic syndrome. However, there is a wide range of clinical responses. Interestingly in subjects with high Microbial Gene richness at baseline and when FMT donors that are metabolically compromised are used, no metabolic improvement is seen. Moreover, more studies evaluating the effect of FMT in patients with overt type 2 diabetes are warranted. Furthermore, interventions (in the receiver prior to FMT) aiming to enhance FMT response also need evaluation.
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akkermansia muciniphila and gut microbiota richness are associated with improved metabolic status after calorie restriction
The FASEB Journal, 2015Co-Authors: Amandine Everard, Judith Aronwisnewsky, Nataliya Sokolovska, Eric O Verger, Salwa Rizkalla, Joel Dore, Patrice D Cani, Karine ClémentAbstract:Populations with obesity and Type 2 Diabetes differ from healthy populations in the abundance of certain gut Microbial species and Microbial Gene richness (MGR). Abundance of Akkermansia muciniphil...
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Akkermansia muciniphila and gut microbiota richness are associated with improved metabolic status after calorie restriction
2015Co-Authors: Maria Dao, Nataliya Sokolovska, Eric O Verger, Salwa Rizkalla, Amandine Everard, Joel Dore, Patrice D Cani, Judith Aron-wisnewsky, Karine ClémentAbstract:Populations with obesity and Type 2 Diabetes differ from healthy populations in the abundance of certain gut Microbial species and Microbial Gene richness (MGR). Abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila (Akk) has been inversely associated to fat mass and glucose intolerance in mice. More evidence is needed in humans as well as on the impact of diet and weight loss on Akk abundance. Our aim was to evaluate the association between fecal Akk abundance and MGR, host characteristics, and their changes as a result of calorie restriction (CR) for 6 weeks followed by weight stabilization (WS) for 6 weeks in 49 overweight/obese adults. Fecal Akk, MGR, diet and bioclinical parameters were measured at baseline (BS) and after CR and WS. At BS Akk was inversely related to fasting glucose, waist-to-hip ratio, and adipocyte diameter in subcutaneous white adipose tissue. Subjects with higher MGR and Akk had the healthiest metabolic status, particularly in fasting glucose, triglycerides and body composition. Higher BS Akk was associated with greater improvement in insulin sensitivity and other clinical parameters after CR. Akk is associated with a healthier metabolic status and outcomes after CR in this population. Further studies are required to establish underlying mechanisms in humans. Support: ANR MICRO-Obes, KOT-Ceprodi, Fondation Coeur et Arteres, Metacardis HEALTH-F4-2012-305312, FRS-FNRS, ERC Starting grant 336452-ENIGMO).
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Dietary intervention impact on gut Microbial Gene richness.
Nature, 2013Co-Authors: Aurelie Cotillard, Ling Chun Kong, Mathieu Almeida, Sophie Gougis, Benoît Quinquis, Sami Rizkalla, Jean Michel Batto, Edi Prifti, Jean Daniel Zucker, Florence Levenez, Nathalie Galleron, Sean Kennedy, Joel Dore, Pierre Renault, Karine ClémentAbstract:Complex Gene-environment interactions are considered important in the development of obesity. The composition of the gut microbiota can determine the efficacy of energy harvest from food and changes in dietary composition have been associated with changes in the composition of gut Microbial populations. The capacity to explore microbiota composition was markedly improved by the development of metagenomic approaches, which have already allowed production of the first human gut Microbial Gene catalogue and stratifying individuals by their gut genomic profile into different enterotypes, but the analyses were carried out mainly in non-intervention settings. To investigate the temporal relationships between food intake, gut microbiota and metabolic and inflammatory phenotypes, we conducted diet-induced weight-loss and weight-stabilization interventions in a study sample of 38 obese and 11 overweight individuals. Here we report that individuals with reduced Microbial Gene richness (40%) present more pronounced dys-metabolism and low-grade inflammation, as observed concomitantly in the accompanying paper. Dietary intervention improves low Gene richness and clinical phenotypes, but seems to be less efficient for inflammation variables in individuals with lower Gene richness. Low Gene richness may therefore have predictive potential for the efficacy of intervention.
Helen Suter - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Dissimilatory nitrate ammonification and N_2 fixation helps maintain nitrogen nutrition in resource-limited rice paddies
Biology and Fertility of Soils, 2020Co-Authors: Arjun Pandey, Helen Suter, Ji-zheng He, Hang-wei Hu, Deli ChenAbstract:Un-fertilized rice paddies have shown maintained soil nitrogen (N) status, stable N supply to the rice plant and sustained rice yields at moderate levels for hundreds of years. Microbial N_2 fixation is known to contribute N to un-fertilized paddies, but it cannot fully explain the maintained N nutrition, where favourable conditions exist for N loss by denitrification. We used ^15N tracer, ^15N_2 uptake, acetylene reduction assay and qPCR to simultaneously investigate N_2 fixation, dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA), denitrification and related Microbial Gene abundances in long-term low (or no) and high N input rice paddies of Myanmar. We also determined how varying soil organic carbon-to-nitrate (SOC/NO_3^−) ratios affect nitrate partitioning between DNRA and denitrification by manipulating these ratios through labile organic carbon addition. We observed more than 2.5 times higher N_2 fixation (1.49–2.08 μg N g^−1 soil day^−1) and significantly higher N_2 fixing Gene ( nifH ) abundance in low compared with high N input paddies. Up to 60% of the soil nitrate (1.51–2.67 μg NO_3^−-N g^−1 soil day^−1) was ammonified through DNRA, and only 15% was lost as N_2 through denitrification in low N input paddies, whereas denitrification exceeded DNRA in high N input paddies. The Microbial Gene related to DNRA activity ( nrfA ) was also higher in low input than in high input rice paddies. We found that nitrate retention can be improved in high N input rice paddies by maintaining a higher soil organic carbon-to-nitrate ratio. Our findings highlight the unique Microbial N-cycling strategies in resource-limited paddies which support maintained N nutrition of the paddy system.
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dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium dominates nitrate reduction in long term low nitrogen fertilized rice paddies
Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 2019Co-Authors: Arjun Pandey, Helen Suter, Deli ChenAbstract:Abstract Dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) and diazotrophic N2 fixation contribute to nitrogen (N) supply in rice paddies, whereas denitrification contributes to N loss. Continuous N fertilization in rice paddies is known to increase denitrification and reduce N2 fixation, however little is known about its effect on DNRA and the NO3− partitioning between DNRA and denitrification. Here, we investigated the rates of DNRA, denitrification and N2 fixation, and their relevant Microbial Gene abundances, in long-term high and low N fertilized rice paddies using a 15NO3− tracer, an acetylene reduction assay and quantitative PCR analysis, in laboratory incubation studies. We observed that DNRA exceeded denitrification by a factor of eight in low N fertilized rice paddies, while DNRA was almost half of the denitrification rate in high N fertilized rice paddies. The nrfA Gene abundance, related to DNRA, was significantly higher in the low N fertilized rice paddies and was positively correlated with DNRA rates. However, no clear difference in denitrifying Gene (narG, nirK and nosZ) abundances was observed between the N fertilization regimes. The proportion of total NO3− reduced by DNRA had a significantly positive correlation with the soil organic carbon-to-NO3- ratio and negative correlation with the soil NO3− concentration. N2 fixation added ten times more N in the low N input than in the high N input paddies. Our findings highlight the self-regulated Microbial N cycling in low N input paddy systems which maintain long-term paddy soil N nutrition.
Judith Aron-wisnewsky - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in Human Obesity: Impact of Bariatric Surgery
Current Obesity Reports, 2019Co-Authors: Jean Debédat, Karine Clément, Judith Aron-wisnewskyAbstract:Purpose of Review In this review, we summarize what is currently described in terms of gut microbiota (GM) dysbiosis modification post-bariatric surgery (BS) and their link with BS-induced clinical improvement. We also discuss how the major inter-individual variability in terms of GM changes could impact the clinical improvements seen in patients. Recent Findings The persisting increase in severe obesity prevalence has led to the subsequent burst in BS number. Indeed, it is to date the best treatment option to induce major and sustainable weight loss and metabolic improvement in these patients. During obesity, the gut microbiota displays distinctive features such as low Microbial Gene richness and compositional and functional alterations (termed dysbiosis) which have been associated with low-grade inflammation, increased body weight and fat mass, as well as type-2 diabetes. Interestingly, GM changes post-BS is currently being proposed as one the many mechanism explaining BS beneficial clinical outcomes. Summary BS enables partial rescue of GM dysbiosis observed during obesity. Some of the GM characteristics modified post-BS (composition in terms of bacteria and functions) are linked to BS beneficial outcomes such as weight loss or metabolic improvements. Nevertheless, the changes in GM post-BS display major variability from one patient to the other. As such, further large sample size studies associated with GM transfer studies in animals are still needed to completely decipher the role of GM in the clinical improvements observed post-surgery.
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Fecal Microbiota Transplantation: a Future Therapeutic Option for Obesity/Diabetes?
Current Diabetes Reports, 2019Co-Authors: Judith Aron-wisnewsky, Karine Clément, Max NieuwdorpAbstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The aim of this review is to summarize the current data available on the metabolic effects of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) including obesity and glucose metabolism in humans. RECENT FINDINGS: Gut microbiota dysbiosis is a frequent characteristic observed in obesity and related metabolic diseases. Pieces of evidence mostly Generated in mouse models suggest that rescuing this dysbiosis associates with improved metabolism. In humans, dietary or bariatric surgery interventions are often accompanied by complete or partial restoration of this dysbiosis together with weight reduction and metabolic amelioration. FMT is an interesting option to modify gut microbiota and has been associated with improved clinical outcomes, albeit only used in routine care for Clostridium difficile infection. However, there are only limited data on using FMT in the metabolic context. SUMMARY: FMT from lean donors significantly improves insulin sensitivity in obese subjects with metabolic syndrome. However, there is a wide range of clinical responses. Interestingly in subjects with high Microbial Gene richness at baseline and when FMT donors that are metabolically compromised are used, no metabolic improvement is seen. Moreover, more studies evaluating the effect of FMT in patients with overt type 2 diabetes are warranted. Furthermore, interventions (in the receiver prior to FMT) aiming to enhance FMT response also need evaluation.
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Major microbiota dysbiosis in severe obesity: fate after bariatric surgery
Gut, 2019Co-Authors: Judith Aron-wisnewsky, Eric O Verger, Edi Prifti, Maria Carlota Dao, Brandon D Kayser, Eugeni Belda, Farid Ichou, Lyamine Hedjazi, Jean-luc Bouillot, Jean-marc ChevallierAbstract:Objectives Decreased gut Microbial Gene richness (MGR) and compositional changes are associated with adverse metabolism in overweight or moderate obesity, but lack characterisation in severe obesity. Bariatric surgery (BS) improves metabolism and inflammation in severe obesity and is associated with gut microbiota modifications. Here, we characterised severe obesity-associated dysbiosis (ie, MGR, microbiota composition and functional characteristics) and assessed whether BS would rescue these changes. Design Sixty-one severely obese subjects, candidates for adjustable gastric banding (AGB, n=20) or Roux-en-Y-gastric bypass (RYGB, n=41), were enrolled. Twenty-four subjects were followed at 1, 3 and 12 months post-BS. Gut microbiota and serum metabolome were analysed using shotgun metagenomics and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Confirmation groups were included. Results Low Gene richness (LGC) and functional modules containing protein families involved in their metabolism were strongly associated with low MGR. BS increased MGR 1 year postsurgery, but most RYGB patients remained with low MGR 1 year post-BS, despite greater metabolic improvement than AGB patients. Conclusions We identified major gut microbiota alterations in severe obesity, which include decreased MGR and related functional pathways linked with metabolic deteriorations. The lack of full rescue post-BS calls for additional strategies to improve the gut microbiota ecosystem and microbiome-host interactions in severe obesity.
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Akkermansia muciniphila and improved metabolic health during a dietary intervention in obesity: relationship with gut microbiome richness and ecology
Gut, 2016Co-Authors: Maria Carlota Dao, Nataliya Sokolovska, Eric O Verger, Edi Prifti, Amandine Everard, Florence Levenez, Judith Aron-wisnewsky, Brandon D Kayser, Julien Chilloux, Lesley HoylesAbstract:Objectives :Individuals with obesity and type 2 diabetes differ from lean and healthy individuals in their abundance of certain gut Microbial species and Microbial Gene richness. Abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila, a mucin-degrading bacterium, has been inversely associated with body fat mass and glucose intolerance in mice, but more evidence is needed in humans. The impact of diet and weight loss on this bacterial species is unknown. Our objective was to evaluate the association between faecal A. muciniphila abundance, faecal microbiome Gene richness, diet, host characteristics, and their changes after calorie restriction (CR). Design : The intervention consisted of a 6-week CR period followed by a 6-week weight stabilisation diet in overweight and obese adults (N=49, including 41 women). Faecal A. muciniphila abundance, faecal Microbial Gene richness, diet and bioclinical parameters were measured at baseline and after CR and weight stabilisation. Results : At baseline A. muciniphila was inversely related to fasting glucose, waist-to-hip ratio and subcutaneous adipocyte diameter. Subjects with higher Gene richness and A. muciniphila abundance exhibited the healthiest metabolic status, particularly in fasting plasma glucose, plasma triglycerides and body fat distribution. Individuals with higher baseline A. muciniphila displayed greater improvement in insulin sensitivity markers and other clinical parameters after CR. These participants also experienced a reduction in A. muciniphila abundance, but it remained significantly higher than in individuals with lower baseline abundance. A. muciniphila was associated with Microbial species known to be related to health. Conclusions : A. muciniphila is associated with a healthier metabolic status and better clinical outcomes after CR in overweight/obese adults. The interaction between gut microbiota ecology and A. muciniphila warrants further investigation.
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Akkermansia muciniphila and gut microbiota richness are associated with improved metabolic status after calorie restriction
2015Co-Authors: Maria Dao, Nataliya Sokolovska, Eric O Verger, Salwa Rizkalla, Amandine Everard, Joel Dore, Patrice D Cani, Judith Aron-wisnewsky, Karine ClémentAbstract:Populations with obesity and Type 2 Diabetes differ from healthy populations in the abundance of certain gut Microbial species and Microbial Gene richness (MGR). Abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila (Akk) has been inversely associated to fat mass and glucose intolerance in mice. More evidence is needed in humans as well as on the impact of diet and weight loss on Akk abundance. Our aim was to evaluate the association between fecal Akk abundance and MGR, host characteristics, and their changes as a result of calorie restriction (CR) for 6 weeks followed by weight stabilization (WS) for 6 weeks in 49 overweight/obese adults. Fecal Akk, MGR, diet and bioclinical parameters were measured at baseline (BS) and after CR and WS. At BS Akk was inversely related to fasting glucose, waist-to-hip ratio, and adipocyte diameter in subcutaneous white adipose tissue. Subjects with higher MGR and Akk had the healthiest metabolic status, particularly in fasting glucose, triglycerides and body composition. Higher BS Akk was associated with greater improvement in insulin sensitivity and other clinical parameters after CR. Akk is associated with a healthier metabolic status and outcomes after CR in this population. Further studies are required to establish underlying mechanisms in humans. Support: ANR MICRO-Obes, KOT-Ceprodi, Fondation Coeur et Arteres, Metacardis HEALTH-F4-2012-305312, FRS-FNRS, ERC Starting grant 336452-ENIGMO).