The Experts below are selected from a list of 26937 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Jordi Figuerola - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Migratory Birds as global dispersal vectors
Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 2016Co-Authors: Duarte S. Viana, Luis Santamaría, Jordi FiguerolaAbstract:Propagule dispersal beyond local scales has been considered rare and unpredictable. However, for many plants, invertebrates, and microbes dispersed by Birds, long-distance dispersal (LDD) might be regularly achieved when mediated by Migratory movements. Because LDD operates over spatial extents spanning hundreds to thousands of kilometers, it can promote rapid range shifts and determine species distributions. We review evidence supporting this widespread LDD service and propose a conceptual framework for estimating LDD by Migratory Birds. Although further research and validation efforts are still needed, we show that current knowledge can be used to make more realistic estimations of LDD mediated by regular bird migrations, thus refining current predictions of its ecological and evolutionary consequences.
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overseas seed dispersal by Migratory Birds
Proceedings of The Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2016Co-Authors: Duarte S. Viana, Laura Gangoso, Willem Bouten, Jordi FiguerolaAbstract:Long-distance dispersal (LDD) promotes the colonization of isolated and remote habitats, and thus it has been proposed as a mechanism for explaining the distributions of many species. Birds are key LDD vectors for many sessile organisms such as plants, yet LDD beyond local and regional scales has never been directly observed nor quantified. By sampling Birds caught while in Migratory flight by GPS-tracked wild falcons, we show that Migratory Birds transport seeds over hundreds of kilometres and mediate dispersal from mainland to oceanic islands. Up to 1.2% of Birds that reached a small island of the Canary Archipelago (Alegranza) during their migration from Europe to Sub-Saharan Africa carried seeds in their guts. The billions of Birds making seasonal migrations each year may then transport millions of seeds. None of the plant species transported by the Birds occurs in Alegranza and most do not occur on nearby Canary Islands, providing a direct example of the importance of environmental filters in hampering successful colonization by immigrant species. The constant propagule pressure generated by these LDD events might, nevertheless, explain the colonization of some islands. Hence, Migratory Birds can mediate rapid range expansion or shifts of many plant taxa and determine their distribution.
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Allometric Scaling of Long-Distance Seed Dispersal by Migratory Birds
The American naturalist, 2013Co-Authors: Duarte S. Viana, Luis Santamaría, Thomas C. Michot, Jordi FiguerolaAbstract:Abstract Migratory Birds are often suggested to be important vectors for long-distance dispersal (LDD) of plant and animal propagules. The scale of such dispersal events (hundreds to thousands of kilometers) can influence landscape-level biological processes and species distributions. However, the few vector species studied and the lack of proper integration of their Migratory movement in models of LDD has precluded the study of their potential as long-distance biotic dispersers. By means of a mechanistic model parameterized with empirical data, we first investigated the properties of seed dispersal curves generated by Migratory Birds and then analyzed the effect of bird size on model parameters and consequent seed dispersal patterns. Seed dispersal curves showed in most cases large and heavy tails, resulting in relatively frequent LDD (up to 3.5% of dispersal distances longer than 100 km). Bird size mediated trade-offs between bird movement and seed retention time that, in turn, determined seed dispersal...
Jianjun Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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highly pathogenic avian influenza a h5n8 virus in wild Migratory Birds qinghai lake china
Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2017Co-Authors: Haizhou Liu, George F. Gao, Jianqing Sun, Gary Wong, Di Liu, Juxiang Liu, Quanjiao Chen, Hanzhong Wang, Weifeng Shi, Jianjun ChenAbstract:In May 2016, a highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N8) virus strain caused deaths among 3 species of wild Migratory Birds in Qinghai Lake, China. Genetic analysis showed that the novel reassortant virus belongs to group B H5N8 viruses and that the reassortment events likely occurred in early 2016.
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highly pathogenic avian influenza a h5n1 virus struck Migratory Birds in china in 2015
Scientific Reports, 2015Co-Authors: Zhenjie Zhang, Gary Wong, Di Liu, Jianjun Chen, Wenjun Liu, Yanbo Yin, Jianmin Hong, Haiming Wang, Ruyi Gao, Yingxia LiuAbstract:Approximately 100 Migratory Birds, including whooper swans and pochards, were found dead in the Sanmenxia Reservoir Area of China during January 2015. The causative agent behind this outbreak was identified as H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV). Genetic and phylogenetic analyses revealed that this Sanmenxia H5N1 virus was a novel reassortant, possessing a Clade 2.3.2.1c HA gene and a H9N2-derived PB2 gene. Sanmenxia Clade 2.3.2.1c-like H5N1 viruses possess the closest genetic identity to A/Alberta/01/2014 (H5N1), which recently caused a fatal respiratory infection in Canada with signs of meningoencephalitis, a highly unusual symptom with influenza infections in humans. Furthermore, this virus was shown to be highly pathogenic to both Birds and mammals, and demonstrate tropism for the nervous system. Due to the geographical location of Sanmenxia, these novel H5N1 viruses also have the potential to be imported to other regions through the migration of wild Birds, similar to the H5N1 outbreak amongst Migratory Birds in Qinghai Lake during 2005. Therefore, further investigation and monitoring is required to prevent this novel reassortant virus from becoming a new threat to public health.
Di Liu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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highly pathogenic avian influenza a h5n8 virus in wild Migratory Birds qinghai lake china
Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2017Co-Authors: Haizhou Liu, George F. Gao, Jianqing Sun, Gary Wong, Di Liu, Juxiang Liu, Quanjiao Chen, Hanzhong Wang, Weifeng Shi, Jianjun ChenAbstract:In May 2016, a highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N8) virus strain caused deaths among 3 species of wild Migratory Birds in Qinghai Lake, China. Genetic analysis showed that the novel reassortant virus belongs to group B H5N8 viruses and that the reassortment events likely occurred in early 2016.
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highly pathogenic avian influenza a h5n1 virus struck Migratory Birds in china in 2015
Scientific Reports, 2015Co-Authors: Zhenjie Zhang, Gary Wong, Di Liu, Jianjun Chen, Wenjun Liu, Yanbo Yin, Jianmin Hong, Haiming Wang, Ruyi Gao, Yingxia LiuAbstract:Approximately 100 Migratory Birds, including whooper swans and pochards, were found dead in the Sanmenxia Reservoir Area of China during January 2015. The causative agent behind this outbreak was identified as H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV). Genetic and phylogenetic analyses revealed that this Sanmenxia H5N1 virus was a novel reassortant, possessing a Clade 2.3.2.1c HA gene and a H9N2-derived PB2 gene. Sanmenxia Clade 2.3.2.1c-like H5N1 viruses possess the closest genetic identity to A/Alberta/01/2014 (H5N1), which recently caused a fatal respiratory infection in Canada with signs of meningoencephalitis, a highly unusual symptom with influenza infections in humans. Furthermore, this virus was shown to be highly pathogenic to both Birds and mammals, and demonstrate tropism for the nervous system. Due to the geographical location of Sanmenxia, these novel H5N1 viruses also have the potential to be imported to other regions through the migration of wild Birds, similar to the H5N1 outbreak amongst Migratory Birds in Qinghai Lake during 2005. Therefore, further investigation and monitoring is required to prevent this novel reassortant virus from becoming a new threat to public health.
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h5n1 avian influenza re emergence of lake qinghai phylogenetic and antigenic analyses of the newly isolated viruses and roles of Migratory Birds in virus circulation
Journal of General Virology, 2008Co-Authors: Guihua Wang, Haixia Xiao, Fumin Lei, Youjun Feng, Di Liu, Dawei Zhan, Bohua Liu, Baoan Yang, Zuohua Yin, Xiaohui SongAbstract:Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus has swept west across the globe and caused serious debates on the roles of Migratory Birds in virus circulation since the first large-scale outbreak in Migratory Birds of Lake Qinghai, 2005. In May 2006, another outbreak struck Lake Qinghai and six novel strains were isolated. To elucidate these QH06 viruses, the six isolates were subjected to whole-genome sequencing. Phylogenetic analyses show that QH06 viruses are derived from the lineages of Lake Qinghai, 2005. Five of the six novel isolates are adjacent to the strain A/Cygnus olor/Croatia/1/05, and the last one is related to the strain A/duck/Novosibirsk/02/05, an isolate of the flyway. Antigenic analyses suggest that QH06 and QH05 viruses are similar to each other. These findings implicate that QH06 viruses of Lake Qinghai may travel back via Migratory Birds, though not ruling out the possibility of local circulation of viruses of Lake Qinghai.
Zdeněk Hubalek - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Migratory Birds and west nile virus
Journal of Applied Microbiology, 2003Co-Authors: J H Rappole, Zdeněk HubalekAbstract:West Nile virus was first recorded in the New World during August 1999 in New York City. Aetiology of the disease in the Old World indicated Birds as the likely introductory and amplifying hosts with ornithophilous mosquitoes, e.g. Culex pipiens, as the principal vectors. Speculation regarding likely agents for movement of the virus in its new environment focused on Migratory Birds, but evidence to date is equivocal. While spread of the disease has been fairly rapid, at a rate of roughly 70 km a month, it has not shown the kind of long-distance, leap frog movements one might expect if transient Birds were the principal introductory hosts. Furthermore, movement of the disease has not been focused southward, but shows a radiating pattern with detection sites located in all directions from New York where terrestrial habitat was available. In addition, tests among potential New World, avian hosts have revealed prolonged viraemia (up to 5 days) only in the relatively non-Migratory House Sparrow (Passer domesticus). Dispersal movements by this species could account for the observed pattern of West Nile virus spread in the Western Hemisphere to date. Regardless of whether avian migration, dispersal, or some other agent is responsible, West Nile virus should reach the New World tropics in another 1-2 years, at which time a vast number of new potential introductory and amplifying avian hosts would be exposed to the disease and mosquito vectors would be available throughout most of the year, likely causing serious, long-term threats to human health and vulnerable avian populations in the region.
Robert J. Dusek - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Prevalence of West Nile Virus in Migratory Birds during Spring and Fall Migration
The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 2009Co-Authors: Robert J. Dusek, Robert G. Mclean, Laura D. Kramer, Sonya R. Ubico, Alan P. Dupuis, Gregory D. Ebel, Stephen C. GuptillAbstract:To investigate the role of Migratory Birds in the dissemination of West Nile virus (WNV), we measured the prevalence of infectious WNV and specific WNV neutralizing antibodies in Birds, principally Passeriformes, during spring and fall migrations in the Atlantic and Mississippi flyways from 2001-2003. Blood samples were obtained from 13,403 Birds, representing 133 species. Specific WNV neutralizing antibody was detected in 254 resident and Migratory Birds, representing 39 species, and was most commonly detected in northern cardinals (Cardinalis cardinalis) (9.8%, N = 762) and gray catBirds (Dumetella carolinensis) (3.2%, N = 3188). West Nile virus viremias were detected in 19 Birds, including 8 gray catBirds, and only during the fall Migratory period. These results provide additional evidence that Migratory Birds may have been a principal agent for the spread of WNV in North America and provide data on the occurrence of WNV in a variety of bird species.
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prevalence of influenza a viruses in wild Migratory Birds in alaska patterns of variation in detection at a crossroads of intercontinental flyways
Virology Journal, 2008Co-Authors: Paul L Flint, Robert J. Dusek, Christian J Franson, Dirk V Derksen, Robert E Gill, Craig R Ely, John M Pearce, Richard B Lanctot, Steven M Matsuoka, David B IronsAbstract:Background The global spread of the highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus has stimulated interest in a better understanding of the mechanisms of H5N1 dispersal, including the potential role of Migratory Birds as carriers. Although wild Birds have been found dead during H5N1 outbreaks, evidence suggests that others have survived natural infections, and recent studies have shown several species of ducks capable of surviving experimental inoculations of H5N1 and shedding virus. To investigate the possibility of Migratory Birds as a means of H5N1 dispersal into North America, we monitored for the virus in a surveillance program based on the risk that wild Birds may carry the virus from Asia.
